The Military Urals of Models 4320 has proven itself in operation in conditions of underdeveloped road infrastructure and difficult terrain. The car is distinguished by strength, endurance and reliability. Initially, the car was used in the armed forces and other power structures. Over time, due to the high technical characteristics, it began to be supplied to the national economy. Military equipment is used in the transport sector, construction, mining and harvesting industries.

Specifications

The basis of the vehicle is an all-welded iron frame, characterized by high strength. Single-handed wide wheels with full drive provide stability on the highway and good permeability on off-road.

TTH Ural-4320:

• length - 740 cm;
• width - 250 cm;
• height - 290 cm;
• wheel base - 360 cm;
• rear and front track - 200 cm;
• clearance - 40 cm;
• the minimum rotation radius is 1150 cm;
• mass of a military car with refueling - 8000 kg;
• load capacity - 6850 kg,
• weight of the towing trailer - 11,500 kg;
• passenger transportation places - 27-36.

During the production period, such modifications of military vehicles were issued:

• with an elongated body;
• with a reinforced front suspension;
• with increased lifting capacity;
• truck tractor;
• lightweight with wheel formula 4x4.

The basic model remains the bodyplace with an awning, designed to transport goods and personnel.

The Ural truck has a wheel formula 6x6. Each wheel is equipped with an automatic pumping system and maintain air pressure. The front suspension of the dependent type is attached on semi-elliptic springs with shock absorbers. Rear wheels are installed on springs with reactive rods. Disk grip is equipped with a frictional drive and a pneumatic amplifier.

Transmission gearbox mechanical. There are 10 front and 2 rear speeds. The distribution mechanism is synchronized and has 2 transmissions. It contains an inter-axis blocked differential, evenly distributing the torque between the front axle and the rear trolley. The transfer of heavy effort is carried out through 4 cardan shafts.

The main two-circuit system of hydraulic type with a drive for all wheels. Slowing the speed and stop of the machine is carried out by single or repeatedly pressing the pedal on the pedal located in the cabin floor. Drum brakes, 2 pads on each wheel.

Single system single-mounted. It turns on automatically upon failure of the main mechanism.

The auxiliary node is pneumatic, running from the exhaust system.

The parking brake of the drum type is mounted on the shaft of the handout. Provides the maintenance of the machine on the slope or its stop at low speed when the main and spare system breaks.

The first models of the army all-terrain vehicle were equipped with Motors KAMAZ-740.10 Kama Automobile Plant. The engine had 8 cylinders with a total volume of 10.9 liters and power 230 hp Subsequently, the designers began to equip the Urals by the power unit of the Yamz Yamz Yaroslavl Motor Plant. The latest models are equipped with 238 series motors.

Technical characteristics of this engine are as follows:

• type - V-shaped diesel;
• the number of cylinders - 8;
• rated power - 240 hp;
• working volume - 14.86 l;
• the number of revolutions per minute - 2600;
• maximum torque - 882 nm;
• cooling - liquid forced;
• the power system is a mechanical row TNVD;
• maximum speed - 85 km / h;
• fuel consumption 100 km - 32-40 l;
• fuel tanks - the main 300 l and an additional 60 l;
• overcome ascent - 58%;
• power reserve - 1000 km.

The power unit is equipped with a heated device for launching during the cold season. Installed engine under the hood that is in front of the cab. Modern models are equipped with an aerodynamic bumper, which has an optical system. The cabin is separated by plastic fairings that reduce the windshield and give the car an attractive look.

Transportation opportunities

The floor of the base model is made of leaf metal with a thickness of 3-4 mm. The board opens back, in the body there are folding chairs, the fastening of the shops. Side boards are solid or lattice shields. The car is capable of transporting to 36 easily equipped or 24 fully equipped servicemen.

2005 year. Catastrophic, unprecedented flooding in the southern states of the United States. In particular, in the city of New Orleans. The rescue operation on the flooded streets of the largest megalpolis of the state of Louisiana is carried out on the Ural-4320 trucks of the Mexican army. Miass cars passed through all the complex intricant blocks covered by the flooding streets of the Negro district - where American military trucks were powerless. And this is only one of the many episodes of the combat work "Ural-4320", in which these powerful cars visually showed their capabilities. A detailed overview of this model is in this publication.

"Ural-4320" is a three-way all-wheel drive (formula 6x6) a cargo vehicle of increased passability of the Ural Automobile Plant (Miass Cities of the Chelyabinsk Region). In a model range of an enterprise, he in the distant 1977 came to replace the Ural-375 truck.

For a number of structural elements, the Ural-4320 car is unified with the previous model - Ural-375. However, it has a more modern design that provides gravity and the best performance and technical characteristics than the Ural-375. The 4320th was the main model of the Urals auto plant until the fall of 2015 (before its official replacement for the Ural Nex.

Mexican "Marina-Armada" during the rescue operation in Louisiana after Hurricane "Katrina" in 2005.

But its production for export needs is still continuing. Since "Ural-4320" is still in demand, as a military car, in many Asian countries, Africa and Latin America. There he still continues to cause his charisma with genuine respect and real delight. And the price is quite affordable!

The truck is not in vain received an ironic nickname of "Grooming". 50-70 liters of high-octane gasoline per 100 km of way - it is a lot for the massash. Even cheap and "cassenny" gasoline. Even for a multifunctional army car, "all-pass". Therefore, the replacement for the "Urals" of a gasoline carburetor engine to a more practical dividel in the Soviet Union was thought up at the turn of the 60-70s.

However, a considerable way was passed from a clear intention to its concrete incarnation: the mass production of the Ural-4320 family started only in November 1977. By decision of the Ministry of the Automobile Industry, to develop and implement a new diesel engine with its own forces of the Mias company was recognized in impractical. Therefore, the remodesization of the "Urals": the selection of a suitable engine and gearbox, mutual fit of the power unit and the machine, - the engineers of the Ural Automobile plant were engaged together with the specialists of the flagship of Soviet Motor Station - Yaroslavl Motor Plant.

"Ural-4320" "in his element."

During the 1970-1975, a lot of work was carried out on the testing of new samples of engines and gearboxes on the experienced parties of the Ural-375 trucks. Experienced parties of prototypes, built in the versions of onboard trucks and saddle tractors, have passed the multi-stage tests in 1973-1976, and from February 1977, the stage of preparation of design documentation for mass production began. The first serial cars with the new manufacturing index "Ural-4320" came up from the conveyor of the Ural Auto Plant in November 1977.

But this was not yet a complete replacement of "Ural-375": "Obzhor" continued to be produced by an enterprise for a long time, in parallel with the new model. Ural-4320 tried to equip various diesel engines: for eight-cylinder "YAMZ-238", a more elongated engine compartment was even provided than for the six-cylinder "YAMZ-236", and for KAMAZ-740. At the same time, cars with YMZ-236 could be distinguished from cars with the "KAMAZ" an air filter engine on the right wing (due to other, more dense layout of the engine compartment). Since 2000, all "Urals-4320" began to be produced with an elongated motor compartment, regardless of the engine brand, which is installed there.

"Ural-4320" in Angola (South-West Africa).

Regular orders from the Ministry of Defense, the permanent deliveries of cars to the oil and gas industry enterprises, a good export car potential contributed to the fact that in less than 10 years after the start of mass production - in 1986 - the number of "Ural-4320" released over a million units issued. The facilitated biaxial truck "Ural-43206" also owns the 4320-MU family, the production of which has mastered Miass since 1996.

In the fall of 2015, it came to the "Ural-4320" change in the model range of the Ural Nex plant - its upgraded version, with the original plastic plumage of the engine compartment, with the new generation of modern cabins of the Gazelnext type, and a number of advanced nodes and aggregates. Now all the civil versions of Ural-4320 for the domestic civil market and partially for supply by power departments are replaced by cars of the Ural Nex family. But the Ural-M series (it also "Ural-4320") is preserved specifically for export deliveries.

The immediate destination "Ural-4320" is the transportation of goods, people, towing trailers and various equipment on all types of roads and off-road (over rough terrain). Wheel formula 6x6, powerful diesel engines and solid road clearance give this car a significant off-road potential. "Ural-4320" with ease overcomes wetlands, 1.6-meter brods, 2-meter ditch and piva entering at a rise of 60%.

The chassis "Ural-4320" was used as a base for creating not only on-board and tilt cars standard or extended layout. But: for wage buses (22- or 30-seater), truck tractors and pipes, tank trucks and tankers, installations and special equipment for oil and gas production, road and municipal equipment, fire protection and, of course, for the needs of the armed forces.

Without forest yields on the basis of Ural-4320, it is impossible to imagine the deforestation and harvesting of the forest in many regions of our country. Together with hydraulic manipulators, the urals forestry makes it possible to immerse and unload the forest, and other assortments, without attracting special equipment. The technical capabilities of the Ural-4320 trucks allow them to be intensive operation in the temperature range from -50 ° C to + 50 ° C, in opposite to each other, climatic conditions - from the regions of the Far North to the sandy southern deserts.

Non-religious exploited forestry "Ural-4320", year of release - 2007.

The technical capabilities of Ural-4320 were planned taking into account the army service of this truck of increased traffic: a huge margin of strength, high maintainability, simplicity of design and readiness for operation in heavy conditions.

• Overall dimensions of the chassis "Ural-4320": length - 7.588 m; width - 2.5 m, height - 2.785 m, base - 3.525+ (1.4) m. Also available modifications with a shortened length - 7.388 m; and elongated - 7.921 m. and 9.545 m.
• Mass in the costume - from 8 to 8.7 tons; The mass of cargo transported is 7, 10, 12 tons, depending on the modification.
• Load distribution of the equipped car: on the front axis - 4,550 tons, on the back truck - 3,500 tons.
• Full mass load distribution: on the front axis - 4,635 tons, rear axle - 10,570 tons.
• Internal dimensions of the standard body - 5685x2330x1000 mm.
• Radius of rotation - by an outer wheel of 10.8 m, overall 11.4 m.
• Road clearance - 400 mm.
• King width - 2 m (front and rear - the same).
• Capacity of the fuel tank - 200 liters, with the possibility of installing an additional 60 liters.

• "YAMZ-236NE2" -dizel, four-stroke, six-cylinder, with direct fuel injection, V-shaped. Operating volume - 11.15 liters. Rated power at 2100 revolutions per minute - 169 kW (230 horsepower). Maximum torque at 1100-1300 revolutions per minute - 882 N.m (90 kgf / m).

"Ural-4320" with the YMZ-236 engine can be distinguished by the air filter.

• "KAMAZ-740" - V-shaped 8-cylinder diesel working volume of 10.86 liters. Power - 210 horsepower. Maximum torque - 68 kgf / m. The nominal rotation frequency of the crankshaft is 2600 revolutions per minute.
• "YAMZ-238" - 14.86-liter V-shaped 8-cylinder diesel engine capacity of 176 kW (240 horsepower). Maximum torque: 883 N · m (90 kgf · m).

On the "Ural-4320" cars, the "KAMAZ-14" model, two-disc, with a mechanical shutdown and a pneumatic amplifier, was used. Or the clutch "YAMZ-182" is friction, dry, one-piece, diaphragm, with a diaphragm exhaust type.

Transmission - Models "KAMAZ-141": 5-speed, with synchronizers on II, III, IV and V transmissions. Transfer numbers: I-5.62; II-2,89, III-1.64, IV-1.00; V-0,724; Zh-5.30. Number of gear (with a handout): forward - 10, back - 2. Power selection from gearbox - up to 26 kW (35 hp). Or similar to the technical parameters of the NMZ-236U brand gearbox - mechanical, three-speed, five-speed, also with synchronizers by 2, 3, 4, 5 transmissions.

The dispensing box is a 2-speed, with a cylindrical blocked inter-axis differential of a planetary type, distributing the torque between the permanent front axle and the trolley bridges in the ratio of 1: 2. Transmission numbers: Supreme Transmission - 1.3; Lowest - 2.15. The transfer of a dispensing box is carried out by two levers. Power selection from a transfer box - up to 40 percent engine power.

Cardan transmission - four cardan shafts. The main transfer of leading bridges is double, a pair of conical gears with a spiral tooth and a pair of cylindrical axes gear; Transmission number (general) - 7.32. Leading bridges - pass-through type, with top location of the main gear gear. Front leading bridge - with hinges of equal angular velocities of disk type (tract).

Steering and brake control

The steering mechanism is a two-point worm and a side toothed sector, with a built-in hydraulic dispenser of the separated hydraulicer. The gear ratio is 21.5, the oil pressure in the hydraulicel is 65-90 kgf / cm. sq.

The working brake system uses brakes with drum design mechanisms (with a diameter of 420 mm, overlay widths 120 mm). A two-door working system, with a pneumatic-hydraulic drive, separate (on pneumatic and hydraulic parts) on the front axle and a trolley, with two pneumatic amplifiers.

The parking brake is also a drum type mounted on the output shaft of the dispensing box, with a mechanical signal. A spare brake is one of the circuits of the working brake system. Auxiliary brake - motor retarder, drive-pneumatic. Trailer brake drive - combined (two- and single-wire).

Frame "Ural-4320" - a closed, consisting of two stamped spars, connected by ether (classical "Lestenka"). Front suspension - on two semi-elliptical springs with rear sliding ends, with shock absorbers. The rear suspension is balancing, also on two semi-elliptical springs, with six reactive rods, stem ends - sliding.

Disk wheels, with a rim "254g-508" or "330-533", depending on the modification. The fastening of the wheel is carried out on ten studs. Pneumatic tires, chamber - 1200x500x508 "14,00-20 (370-508)", models "OI-25", with adjustable pressure within 0.5-3.5 kgf / cm2, depending on road conditions. Urals-43202-01 "- 1100 × 400x533, Models" O-47A ", wide-profile.

Electrical equipment

The system of electrical equipment in the Ural-4320-production, with a nominal voltage of 24 volt. Batteries "6st-190tr" - 2 pieces, with a capacity of 190 amps / hours in each. The AC generator "G-288E" has a capacity of 1000 W and works in conjunction with the contactless voltage regulator "1112.3702". Starter "CT-142-LS" - electromagnetic inclusion, with a maximum power of 8.2 kW.

Trucks "Ural-4320" were equipped with a metal two-door cab, designed for the driver and two passengers. The classical, traditional cabin of "Urals" is produced throughout the past fifty years, and, of course, the performance indicators in it are infinitely far from modern. Although: the driver's seat has adjustment, there are ventilation and heating systems, there is a steering power steering, there is the possibility of picking a cabin with a sleeping place. If you wish to "Ural-4320", you can install air conditioning, an independent heater and a preheater "Webasto".

To create more comfortable conditions for traveling and better security from spring 2009, successful experiments were made to equip newly developed "Urals" of the new sample cabins. This is made under the license of Iveco, a non-free cabin with a fiberglass plumage. In it -tree individual anatomical chairs with head restraints, armrests, seat belts.

In the interior decoration and facing - modern materials providing good noise and thermal insulation, the steering wheel with the lower arrangement of the spokes (not overlapping the instruments). All management bodies are arranged in close proximity to the driver, the drive of the parking brake and the control of the pneumatic distribution (which allowed to remove the levers from the cabin). The new cabin provides comfortable working conditions for the driver. But the charismaticness of the external appearance in the car, of course, takes away completely.

Overview of serial modifications "Ural-4320"

As part of the Ural-4320 family, the following modifications of the car were manufactured on the Mias Plant conveyor:

• Truck onboard and tilt "Ural-43202-0351-31" of general transportation with a wooden platform;
• Saddle tractors "Ural-4420-10" and "Ural-4420-31", intended for towing special semi-trailers in all types of roads and crossed terrain;
• Tractors "Ural-44202-0311-31", also intended for towing semi-trailers for all types of roads and off-road;
• Sadel tractor "Ural-44202-0612-30" is intended for towing semi-trailers and various equipment on airfields and other smooth venues;
• "Ural-4320-0911-30" - with an extended base;
• "Ural-4320-0611-10" and "Ural-4320-0611-31" - also with a wooden cargo platform and an awning.

On the basis of the Ural-4320 cars, the chassis with similar technical characteristics, for body-vans, watch buses, a variety of special equipment were also produced specified modifications. Within the same modification, various options are possible: by the presence of a winch, or without it; By the location of the replacement wheel holder: behind the cabin or in the back of the frame, with a vertical or horizontal arrangement; or without a holder (with temporary technological fastening on the frame); with mechanical power selections from the gearbox (com) and dispensing box, or without them; With the presence of a trailer device for towing trailers or without it.

Throughout the 2000s, on the basis of Ural-4320, four shown to the general public of the armored army modifications of the car were built. It is "Ural-4320-09-31"; "Ural-4320-0010-31" (or "Ural-E4320D-31"); "Ural-4320VV". And also armored car "Caspir MK6", which manufactures on the chassis "Ural-4320" Indian company "Mahindra and Mahindra", at its factory in the city of Prithlah, Haryana. All these machines have solid ballistic and anti-mine defense.

Cabins, including their rear walls, roofs and gears, are made of solid armored steel sheets, equipped with armored glazers with embrasures for refrigerated fire; Powerful Safety Type Doors having internal locking locks. In the roof there is a hatch that can be used as a machine-gun nest. The fuel tank and the battery box are also armored.

Aircraft "Ural-4320VV".

The use of a wide range of special equipment in these armored vehicles is envisaged: night vision devices, radiation and chemical intelligence, army radio stations of various types, filter ventilation plants, etc. The body is also possible to install an armored module for the placement of personnel (about 15-20 fighters). The arrangement of armored vehicles on the basis of "Ural-4320" is free, which allows you to place a variety of types of special types on the cargo platform.

The URAL-4320 cargo car is produced for more than 40 years, and considering the unification of many nodes from Ural-375, the life of the car has passed for 55. The secret of longevity is a robust design and excellent permeability. Trucks remain in demand by the army and civil services in need of similar technique.

About the huge potential of the chassis is indicated by the fact that the Ural Next appeared in 2015 is based on the nodes of the chassis of the model 4320. The cabin and the power plant underwent the update. The overall concept of the transmission remained unchanged.

History of creation

The emergence of the URAL-4320 diesel all-terrain allocation is associated with increasing gasoline prices, which was used as fuel to the Ural-375D. A new truck had a smaller fuel consumption, but he lost a little on passing a gasoline fellow.

During the mass production, the truck was upgraded several times, received new engines and gearboxes. At the same time, the appearance of the machine has changed little.

The release of various variants of Ural-4320 is currently continuing. Trucks are delivered with several types of engines, with different wheelbase and lifting capacity.

Serial production of all-terrain vehicles Ural-4320 began in 1977.

The machine is widely unobed by a number of nodes with. The parallel release of gasoline and diesel versions continued until 1992.

Design Description

The basis of the all-terrain vehicle is a frame made up of two spars selected from steel, cross-head and front buffer. The spars have an alternating section in length, providing uniform strength and stiffness of the structure.

The connection of the frame elements is made using rivets. The last crossing is equipped with a towing device. Fuel tank is installed on the frame. The filling volume is 300 liters.

The front axle is installed on longitudinal springs, supplemented by hydraulic shock absorbers. Rubber suspension stoppers are installed on the semi-axles and frame. The front end of the springs is installed on the bracket through the finger, the rear end is movably installed in the eye.

One of the sheets has a restrictive bending that prevents the removal of the sprout from the bracket. The rear suspension is balancing, spring freely walks in the eyeles installed on the bridges.

Engines

At the Ural-4320, several types of diesel engines were used. The type of engine is reflected in the modification index added to the model. "Clean" option 4320 is equipped with an atmospheric diesel engine of type KAMAZ-740.

Motor has a V-shaped arrangement of eight cylinders and develops the power of 210 hp.

The Ural-4320-31 version is characterized by the use of the 8-cylinder power unit of the YAMZ-238M2. The motor is built according to the V-shaped scheme, develops the power of 240 hp and meets Euro-0 standards. A similar diesel is installed on modifications of 4320-30. The technical characteristics of the Ural-4320-31 do not differ from the base option.

The Ural-4320-10 modification is equipped with a 180-strong diesel engine NMZ-236M2. The six-cylinder engine has a V-shaped layout, an atmospheric power system with air. The first editions of the machines with the engine NMZ-236 had a motor compartment like drips with the KAMAZ-740 engine. From the mid-2000s, the elongated compartment was used, which became standard for all versions of URAL-4320 all-terrains.

Version 4320-41 and 4320-40 received a similar diesel design, but equipped with a turbocharger and an intermediate compressed air cooler. Due to the turbine, the capacity has grown to 230 hp. Another difference is compliance with the norms of the EURO-2 exhaust (against the Euro-0 at the atmospheric motor). Fuel consumption for URAL-4320 with turbo diesel power plants is slightly lower.

Transmission

All-terrain vehicles with diesel KAMAZ were equipped with a 5-speed JMZ-141 box and a double dry-type clutch coupling. The Ural-43206 machine is equipped with a 5-speed YMZ-236U type gearbox. Clutch drives on all transmissions are equipped with a pneumatic type amplifier.

In addition to the main gearboxes on all allways, the Ural-4320 uses a two-speed dispensing box.

The torque from the box is transmitted to the gearbox with a short cardan shaft. The box includes an inter-sieve differential, equipped with a locking mechanism. The differential has an asymmetrical scheme of the moment distribution.

The control of the box and dispensing gearbox is mechanical, carried out from the driver's seat using the levers and the system. At the transfer gearbox, a power take-off box is installed, used for the actuator of the Self-drawing winch, installed under the cargo platform in the rear of the all-terrain vehicle. The winch drive is performed by three cardan shafts.

Bridges are equipped with a unified main pair, with a double torque conversion. The first step of the gearbox consists of a conical gear with a spiral shape of the tooth. The second stage includes two cylindrical boom gears. Wearase-4320 all-terrain vessels can be equipped with gearboxes with a gear ratio of 6.7 ... 8.9 (only four variants of gear ratios).

The main pair is set by a conical type differential that controls the rotation of the semi-axle.

Bridges have a passage scheme, the middle bridge is used to drive the rear axle gearbox. The semi-axes of the front axle are equipped with swivel fists equipped with hinges of equal angular velocities.

Steering and electrical system

The steering of the Ural-4320 car is equipped with a hydraulic amplifier operating in two sides. The steering column is associated with the gearbox using a cardan shaft. The column is not regulated. In the Ural-4320 all-terrestrs, an electrical system with a 24V operating voltage is used. Negative conclusions are connected to the car body.

Brake system

Brakes have a combined hydropneumatic drive. Hydraulics has two separate branches. The first manages the brakes of the front and medium bridge, the second - performs the braking of the rear axle wheels. On the rear crossbar, the frame has a crane for connecting the pneumatic trailer brakes.

The parking brake of the Ural-4320 car is installed on the output shaft of the handout. The brake is connected to the trailer brake crane mechanical tag. To improve the braking characteristics, a motor compression brake is installed that turns off the fuel supply to the nozzles.

Brake mechanisms of drum type, equipped with an automatic gap control system between overlays and a drum friction surface. Mechanisms are located directly at the wheels of the all-terrain vehicle.

Body and other equipment

Ural-4320 all-terrain vehicle is equipped with a fully metallic cabin equipped with swing doors. In the cockpit installed the adjustable driver's seat and a rigidly fixed double seat for passengers.

The interior is equipped with a ventilation system and air heating.

Cabin is installed with a metal cargo platform, equipped with a removable awning. An arcs are applied to install an arcs that are installed in the heading guides on the side sides. The platform is equipped with two folding benches along the sides and an additional detachable bench installed in the center.

Benches are designed for accommodation 27 people. The Ural-4320 truck platform has a carrying capacity of 5000 kg during operation of all coating roads. The overall dimensions of the platform have not changed compared to Ural-375d.

Specifications

The plant produces at least hundreds of Ural-4320 options, the table shows the main options.

	Ural-4320	Ural-4320-41	Ural-4320-31
Load capacity, kg.	5000	6855
Equipped weight, kg	8440	8265	8050
Trailer weight, kg	7000	11500
Length, mm.	7366	7588
Width, mm.	2500
Height, mm.	3005	2805
Base, mm.	3525+1400
Fuel consumption per 100 km, l	26	40	35

Application and interesting facts

For deliveries to the army, the Ural-4320-01 chassis was created, used for the installation of special equipment. The chassis of Ural-43203-01 is intended to accommodate Bung vans. When installing the YAMZ-236NE motor, the chassis index is changing to Ural-4320-1951-60.

For the installation of severe army or military equipment, the elongated Ural-4320-1912-40 chassis is used, equipped with an additional power take-off system. The chassis without selection has the designation of Ural-4320-1951-40. Chassis dimensions are shown in the table.

On the basis of Ural-4320, several armored army cars have been created. There are versions with an armored cabin or installed on the armored module's cargo platform for the carriage of personnel.

Capped layout of the machine increases the vitality of technology and provides increased safety when undermines on mines and fugas.

Model of the army truck Ural-4320 on a scale of 1:35 is made by the Russian company "Star" (Catalog number 3654) and the Chinese "Tripter". The domestic model is cheaper, Chinese has improved elaboration of small details. For models, add-ons are available (resinwheels, photocasers), which improve copying.

Video

This car of universal use is designed for both the transport of people and the transportation of goods. Professional freight forwarders rated the Urals 4320, the technical characteristics of this car were excellent. This SUV appeared in 1977 and immediately gained popularity due to the excellent traffic.

The network you can find the shootings of how the Urals 4320 moves in the mud, video of this kind clearly demonstrate its impressive running quality. In fact, this car is a civil modification of the truck "", which was produced for military needs since 1961. It is not surprising that the load capacity of the Ural 4320 in conditions is not too reliable road surface or even the full off-road is very large.

Of course, the design of this car is not distinguished by special research, moreover, in his case, speech soon about the design, and not about the design. However, if you carefully look at the moving Ural 4320 (video at the end of the article or, especially in real life), then it is impossible not to find your harsh grace.

Pentility indicators

This brand is able to overcome obstacles that many analogues will put in a dead end. She will not be blocked by shallow water barriers, it is also easy to scrub on a very significant height.

Modifications

There is a lot of varieties of Urals 4320, photos available on the network give a general idea of \u200b\u200btheir features. These include:

• Urals 4320-01 1986 release with improved compared to the original version of the cabin, platform, gearbox;
• Ural 4320-10 1993 in. With a six-cylinder engine of the Yaroslavl plant with a capacity of 180 liters. from.;
• Ural 4320-31 1994 in. With an eight-cylinder engine of the same manufacturer with a capacity of 240 liters. from. features an improved parameter of the specific power;
• Ural 4320-30 with long wheels and increased lifting capacity;
• Ural 4320-41 with the engine of the YAMZ-236NE2 2002 in., Which complies with the norms of Euro-2 and has a capacity of 230 horsepower;
• Ural 4320-40 - version of the previous one with a long base;
• Ural 4320-44 2009 in. - option 4320-41, equipped with a cab of high comfort;
• Ural 4320-45 - the long version of the previous version;
• Ural 4320-48 with the engine of the YAMZ-7601 - a model intended for installation of special equipment.

Thus, in a variety of modifications, the Urals 4320 engine power varied significantly.

Of particular importance was the appearance in the 2009 new version of the Urals, equipped with an enhanced comfort. It is equipped with a hood of fiberglass and a kind of stylish plumage. From this time, the manufacturing company takes care not only about the off-road qualities of the brand, but also about the comforts for those in the cabin, which were previously paid not close attention.

Characteristics

The Ural 4320 has a complete set of a parameter that makes an impeccable workman-SUV.

The engine of the Urals 4320, who first produced on Kamaz, in the 90s began to produce on the Yaroslavl motor factory, the reason for which there was a fire on Kamaz. The clutch of the car of the Ural 4320 refers to the modification of KAMAZ -14.

physical characteristics

The optimal size of the Wheel of the Ural 4320, as well as its configuration, among other factors, provide increased permeability of this truck. In this case, the machine is able to develop the maximum (85 km / h) or a speed close to it with a load of up to 5 tons, both when leaving the road and off-road.

Permissible conditions

This truck shifts flawlessly in extreme conditions. Both in the frost, and in bad weather with the transportation of goods, it will cope with the Urals 4320, the device of this truck makes it in a minimal degree vulnerable to elements.

The reserve of the Truck of the Ural 4320 truck is also very significant, the volume of the tank allows him to move many hundreds of kilometers without refueling.

Service

The car, as it believes the product of this category, is most unpretentious in maintenance, in this indicator it significantly exceeds foreign counterparts. The Urals Manual 4320 is very detailed and written by an affordable language. Simple repair of the car is fully implemented in open areas. For the repair of electrical equipment, it is required to lay down the power of the Ural 4320. If it is presented, any qualified technician will cope with work.

The system for connecting the Ural 4320 generator should also be available for uninterrupted car operation. With its absence, difficulties may arise with the installation of this unit.

Positions in the market

This machine is very popular. This is not surprising, among the factors that give the advantage of the model of the Urals 4320 - the price making it most accessible to the consumer as well as already mentioned excellent off-road qualities. Therefore, enterprises that need to carry goods to areas in which communications leave to desire the best, gladly choose this hardy truck.

At the same time, the manufacturer does not stop on the achieved and constantly developing new models of the Urals. Currently, the variants appearing in 2009 and equipped already mentioned cabins have been enjoyed considerable success.

Like his predecessor of the Ural 375, this car can be used for military needs. Armored Urals 4320 is considered a very efficient and productive army model. It is designed to transport personnel and possesses 3 class of protection, which means that it is able to protect the bullets inside the defeat from some modifications AK, not to mention the pistols.

Ural-4320 - transport with high patency, equipped with full-wheel drive and powerful tires. Its production is carried out at the automotive factory in Miass. Truck is used to transport people, cargo and trailers. Specifications allow it to overcome water obstacles to 1.6 meters deep, rs up to 2 meters deep and lifting up to 60%.

Creating a truck

The main new machine served as the 375th model. She was produced for a long time, a lot of changes were made to her design, which made Ural-375 reliable. The main disadvantage was the gasoline power plant that consumed a lot of fuel.

In the 60s, there was an idea of \u200b\u200breplacing a gasoline engine on a diesel installation. Ural engineers independently developed such an engine, but he did not receive into mass production due to the monetary deficit from the enterprise. Soon after that, the leadership of the country approved the Yaroslavl Motor Factory Center for the Development of a Diesel Power Unit. In 1969, specialists from Yaroslavl offered a new engine and gearbox to it.

The tester of the new equipment was Ural-375d. In 1970, a lot of tests were conducted, which showed the quality of the new product. Several serious problems were found, which were eliminated by 1972, after which the tests were continued. The new engine and gearbox were installed on the E4320 prototype truck.

While the new power plant was developed in Yaroslavl, in Miass, the designers were finalized the design of the Ural-375D design. In 1973, all the documentation required for production was ready. The first prototypes have come off the conveyor until the end of the same year. All three cars underwent tests with new equipment. Several insignificant improvements have been made to the machine and engine device. After that, all documentation was prepared for the start of the production of Ural-4320.

Production

In the 74th year, several more copies were built, which went to undergo tests of various complexity. After successfully passed tests, it was decided to start mass release. Serial production started in 1975.

Before the creators there was a task to make a reliable truck with high passability, because he was planned to adapt to military needs. When assembling, high-quality materials were used that ensured the high strength of the structure. The wheel formula 6x6 is responsible for the passability of off-road.

In 1978, the Kamsky Automotive Plant offered the market a new diesel power unit. Ural specialists released a small-scale party with new engines. Over the next few years, this equipment has become a priority for Miass. In 1993, a strong fire occurred at the KAMAZ plant, it was necessary to limit the production of technology. Yaroslavl equipment returned to the Ural cars.

Device

Cabin and body

The Body of the Ural-4320 car is a standard platform with sides, rear opens. For the transport of passengers, it is equipped with twisted bears. You can also install awning: in the kit there is a special web and a frame. The platform withstands the cargo to 6,855 tons, and the maximum tug weight is 11.5 tons.

The Ural-4320 cab is made of stamped metal leaves. The windshield provides a complete overview of the road to the driver. Wide rear-view mirrors are installed to assess the road situation. There are two doors to enter the salon. Cabin capacity - 3 people. The driver's seat has a convenient position adjustment system. Some versions of the transport are equipped with a bed.

In 2009, the technology of production of the cabin was changed. It was performed in accordance with modern standards, fiberglass was used for production. The internal arrangement was also changed - it became more convenient.

Specifications

The design of the Ural-4320 chassis turned out to be simple. It was done for the possibility of repairing in the field of military reminders. Different configurations were equipped with different engine power (230-250 horsepower). A 300-strong motor with a 5-speed gearbox was installed on the special scale.

To improve controllability, GUR was introduced into the design. For the launch of a tractor in the conditions of frost, a preheater was used, whose work met the requirements of Euro-3. The fuel tank accommodates 300 liters, some trucks are equipped with an additional capacity of 60 liters. Fuel consumption is 42 liters per 100 km at a speed of 60 km / h.

Transmission

The ability to move on off-road was ensured by the full drive and single-handed wheels with an automatic system for maintaining optimal tire pressure. The front suspension is addicted, installed on semi-elliptic springs. The rear suspension has a similar design.

All Ural-4320 bridges (3 pcs) leading. Front controlled wheels are equipped with shruses. One-piece clutch has a frictional drive and supplemented with a pneumatic vehicle.

The dispensing box of the Ural-4320 mechanical, has 2 steps. Its drive on the front wheels is always activated. The synchronized gearbox has 5 speeds and a blocked inter-sieve differential. Without synchronization, there are 10 speeds of the front motion and 2 rear movement speeds.

The inter-axis blocked differential Distribution Ural-4320 plays an important role. In a 1: 2 ratio, it distributes the torque between the front and rear bridges.

Reducer management passes in mechanical mode. The cardan transmission includes four shafts. The Ural-4320 leading bridges have a double main transmission, which consists of gears of conical and cylindrical types.

Brake Ural-4320

The brake system consists of two mechanisms: a two-kinnaya main and single-mounted spare. In addition, there is still an additional braking function from the exhaust system, which runs on the basis of a pneumatic actuator. Mechanical brakes Ural-4320 have drums on the distribution. The parking brake is the drums mounted on the output shaft of the dispensing box.

Engine Ural-4320

During the release of the car, several power units were used. The main two were the rest were their small modifications.

KAMAZ-740 is a compact power plant that has a crankshaft rotation frequency higher than that of Yaroslavl motors. This engine has always shown excellent results when starting on a strong frost after idle time in a few days. Its power gave the ability to use a powerful battery and starter. It has a high pressure fuel pump drive.

YAMZ-238 - Yaroslavl product, which is similar to Kamsky, but instead of the preheater has an electrofactive mechanism. A feature of the power unit is the completion of work - before joining the motor, it is necessary to let him work in a fast 2-3 minutes.

Each power unit complies with Euro-3 standards. As mentioned above, at an average speed (60 km / h), the flow of diesel - 42 liters. If the speed is reduced to 40 km / h, the flow rate is reduced to 36 liters. When moving on the soil, the flow will increase to 50-55 liters. When overcoming off-road, consumption depends on numerous movement factors. The Ural-4320 car can develop 85 km / h, and the full tank is enough to overcome the path of 1,000 km.

Standard modifications

On the basis of the standard version of the Ural-4320 chassis, many others were released. Each of them has its own unique features:

• 4320-01 - Improved cab design, changed platform properties, a new gearbox is installed. Equipped with a Kama power plant;
• 4320-10 - an economical version with a motor for six cylinders, developing 180 horsepower;
• 4320-31 - an improved power unit for 8 cylinders with a capacity of 240 horsepower is installed. The strength and reliability of the whole design was improved;
• 4320-30 - increased weight of the maximum cargo, the wheeler is expanded;
• 4320-41 - Installed Motor YAMZ-236NE2 for 230 forces. His main minus was a lowering of environmental standards to Euro-2;
• 4320-40 - similar to the previous version, the base was elongated;
• 4320-44 - Changed Salon, the driver became more comfortable to work;
• 4320-45 - extended base of the 44th modification;
• 4320-48 - a limited version with a power plant NMZ-7601. This Ural-4320 chassis used to equip special purpose equipment.

New versions received designer and technical changes. Global updates marked the shift of the motor. An important indicator is that the Ural manufacturer is not only the patency and reliability of the Ural-4320 side tractor, but also about the comfort of the chaffin.

Military modifications

The line of the 4320 version includes not only standard versions, but also the military:

• 4320-09-31 - performed on the basis of the model 4320-31. Cabind is made of solid steel armored sheets. Poolenproof windows, there are special places for retaliation, doors are made using safes technology. The cabin began to accommodate only two people, they have separate seats. At the released place placed fasteners for special military equipment. All other elements (radiator, fuel tanks, etc.) are protected by armored sheets;
• 4320-0010-31 - Improved version 4320-09-31. Has anti-mining protection;
• Ural-BB is designed for special order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The cabin holds one person, an upgraded Yaroslavl power unit has been established that meets the requirements of the Euro-4 standard. The body is completely protected by armor, you can simultaneously carry up to 17 fighters.

Output

Ural-4320 is a reliable transport that can overcome serious obstacles. Its simplicity of design allows repair work in the field. New auto parts are cheaper than components on foreign cars.

The minimum price tag of the model is 1.7 million rubles. For so much you can buy the Ural-4320 car from the past generation cabin and a 230-power engine. If there is a desire to purchase transport with a new cabin, you will have to pay 10 thousand rubles. For a copy with an awning and a winch, you will have to give 9,000 rubles more. For 1.88 million rubles, you can purchase a model with a long base and increased lifting capacity.

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