Hello friends. Phrasal verbs are used very often in spoken English. Therefore, it is necessary to know them. In this article we will look at the use of the phrasal verb give and the meanings it can have.
Verb give- irregular, has the following forms: give — gave — given[‘gɪvən].
Basic meanings of the verb Give
Basic meanings of the verb give are: to give, to bestow, to bestow.
It is also used to express a single short action corresponding to the meaning of a noun:
- to give a kiss - kiss
- to give a laugh - laugh
- to give a smile - smile
- to give a lead - show an example
- to give a look - take a look
- to give a tip - hint, suggest
- to give cry - (all) shout
- to give a reply/an answer - answer, give an answer
- to give an order - give an order, command
- to give a push - push
- to give a blow - hit
- to give a kick - kick
Let's look at how this phrasal verb is used:
- Give away– give (gifts), distribute something, give out (secret).
He gave away the secret. - He gave away the secret.
She gave away all the money to the poor. – She gave all the money to the poor.
They’re giving away a CD with this magazine. – The CD comes as a gift with this magazine.
- Give back- return, give.
Give back the book you borrowed. - Return the book you took.
- Give forth- to publish, to emit, to make public, to spread rumors.
It won't do to give forth. - Spreading rumors is not good.
- Give in– give in, give in; hand in (written work).
Don't give in without a fight. – Don’t give up without a fight.
She gave in her exam paper. She passed her exam paper.
- Give off– emit, emit (smell, smoke, light, heat).
This lamp gives off a very bright light. - This lamp shines very brightly.
The fire was giving off a lot of smoke. “There was a lot of smoke coming from the fire.”
- Give out– distribute, announce, end.
His strength gave out after running that long distance. “His strength ran out when he ran such a long distance.
He gave out copies of the report at the end of the meeting. – He distributed (distributed) copies of the report after the meeting.
The food supplies gave out. - Food supplies have run out.
- Give over– pass, throw (do something).
Give over pushing! - Stop pushing!
We gave the keys over to our neighbors during our absence. – During our absence, we left the keys with our neighbors.
- Give up– leave, refuse, abandon, abandon (hope), give up (about a criminal).
He gave up his seat to her. “He gave way to her.”
He gave up smoking. - He gave up smoking.
You were so late that we gave you up. “You came so late that we stopped waiting for you.”
The murderer gave up. - The killer surrendered.
- Give up on smth– give up something (for example, an idea).
Jack gave up on improving relation. – Jack gave up the idea of improving relations.
- Give up on smb- give up (for example, hope) that someone will do what you expect from them.
After the quarrel she gave up on him. – After a quarrel, she broke up with him.
Reinforcement task
Translate the following sentences into English.
1. He returned my phone.
2. Stop pushing!
3. She gives away her old clothes.
4. He gave in to my requests.
5. She handed out her business cards.
Answers
1. He gave my phone back.
2. Give over hustling!
3. She gives her old clothes away.
4. He gave in to my guests.
5. She gave her business cards out.
English phrasal verbs seem quite difficult to remember. However, they occur so often that it is impossible to do without them. I recommend starting to study phrasal verbs at the second level of language learning, although you will encounter the most common verbs already at the first level. These are, for example, verbs: look for (search), go on (continue), come back (return). You can explore them by following the link below.
This lesson is for beginners, and first let's check if you know well English phrasal verbs look, make, give, take. It is these verbs that we will study in detail in this lesson. To do this, complete introductory exercise No. 1 and test yourself using the keys.
Exercise1 (introductory). Complete the sentences by putting the right verb in.
take away look after take after take off look through make up give up take back
- – I’d like a cheese pizza, please. – To eat here, or to... away?
- Who is going to ... after your cat when you are away?
- The coat I bought is too small for me, do you think I should … it back to the shop?
- I have no time to read the book, but I’d like to… it through.
- I won’t … off my jacket: I’m not staying long.
- Is it true story or have you… it up?
- Unfortunately she didn’t ... after her mother, she is a lazybones.
- I know the task is difficult but don’t … up.
English phrasal verbs look, make, give, take
1. Verb Look
1. look– look (basic meaning)
Look + preposition
2. look at- look on
3. look in(to)- look V
4. look out of- look out from
Look + adjective = look
5. look happy - look happy
6. look like- to look like How(to be like)
Look + phrasal particle
1. look for- search
2. look after- To look after
3. look up- look in the dictionary
4. look through– view
5. look forward to- look forward to
Exercise 1.
- Don't look a gift horse in the mouth. (A proverb).
- I am looking forward to the trips in the mountains.
- I have forgotten the pronunciation of the word ‘acquaintance’, where can I look it up?
- The girl looked frightened, and she seemed to be afraid to look at anybody around her.
- Hearing the noise in the corridor, the teacher opened the door and looked out of the classroom.
- The streets with rows of young trees along them looked especially beautiful early in spring.
- What are you looking for on my bookshelves?
- The boy looked very much like his father – they even had the same manner of turning their heads.
- Have you l ooked through the paper yet?
Exercise 2. up, after, forward to, for, through.
- Look...the baby while I'm out.
- If you look…. it carefully, you’ll see the mark.
- The schoolchildren always look… the holidays.
- I've been looking…. my glasses for a half an hour.
- He looked….. the book to see if he had read it before.
- Why are you here? Tom is looking…. you downstairs.
- Don't worry! The children will be looked….
- He looked…. me for a few moments and then smiled.
- He asked me to look….. the document.
- I am looking…. your letter.
Exercise 3. Translate into English.
1. What is he looking for?
2. Don't look at me like that.
3. She looked in the mirror.
4. The child looked sick.
5. The girl looked out of the window and waved her hand to me.
6. What does she look like?
7. A neighbor will look after the dog when you leave.
8. He was looking forward to her letter.
9. If you don't know a word, you can look it up in the dictionary.
10. He took the newspaper and looked through it carefully.
2. Verb Make
1. make- do it yourself (make it)
Make + preposition
2. make from- do from one product another (with processing process)
3. make of- do from one product another (without processing)
Make + phrasal particle
1. make up- to compose, invent
2. make up- apply makeup
3. make up oneself – to put on makeup
4. make up with smb – make peace with someone
5. make out– understand, understand (with difficulty)
6.make off- quickly leave, run away, get away
Exercise 1. Translate, paying attention to the highlighted combinations.
- Cheese is made from milk.
- The table is made of wood.
- He made off soon after dinner.
- I can't make out the theorem.
- They kissed and made it up.
- She has made up herself.
- They made him up as an old man.
- I've just made up a story.
Exercise 2. Complete the sentences using the missing words: up, off, out.
- She is a very strange girl, I can’t make her….
- They boy gave a letter to Sherlock Holmes and made….
- I don’t like it when young girls make themselves….
- Do you know what wonderful poem Ted had made… for Christmas?
- Please, make it… with your brother. You both look unhappy.
- I don't believe you. You’ve made it all… .
- Don't make… . I've got something to tell you.
- Let’s make him…as a pirate, dress him in a pirate costume.
Exercise 3. Translate into English.
1. I made peace with my brother.
2. He always composes his own songs.
3. I can’t make out what is written here.
4. You ran away so quickly that I couldn’t say goodbye to you.
5. What did he say? I did not get anything.
6. Butter is made from milk.
7. This figure is made of ice.
Verb make(to make) is often confused with a verb do(do). Do the exercise below. If you are unsure of the correctness of your answers, study the topic "".
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the verbs make or do.
1. Can you…. me a cup of tea?
2. I…. him write this exercise again.
3. Art….. our lives brighter.
4. Be careful! You...too many mistakes.
5. I’m sure he’ll…. his duty.
6. They…… an experiment with no result.
7. He is not a person to…. any harm to you.
8. Stop…..excuses!
3. Verb Give
1. Give– give (basic meaning)
Give + preposition
Give + phrasal particle
3.give back- give back, return
4.give out- distribute
5.give away- to give, to give
6.give up- give up, give up, stop doing something
Set-expression
7.give up the idea of doing something - give up the idea of solving a problem (admit that you cannot solve it)
Exercise 1. Translate, paying attention to the highlighted combinations.
- At last I gave up the idea of traveling in such bad weather.
- Why did you give up the idea of learning French?
- I have read all these books and I want to give them back.
- Now I'd like to give you out some books.
- I don't want to keep this money, I prefer to give it away.
- Don't give up hope.
- She decided not to give up music, though it wasn’t easy to find time for it.
- I don't know, I give up. What is it?
Exercise 2. Complete the sentences using the right word: back, out, away, up.
- Oh, I’ve given … my collection of badges. I'm not interested in badges anymore.
- My friend Liza says she will never give…singing.
- I want to ask Mike to give me my bicycle… : I’d like to ride it after school.
- Who can help me to give this food... ?
- Please, don’t give … the idea of joining our basketball team. You are one of the best player I’ve ever met.
- She always gives … old newspapers and magazines after she has read them.
- Have you been given the books … to the library yet?
- My father gave … skiing after he broke his leg.
Exercise 3. Translate into English.
1. Can I give away all these plates and cups? Help me please.
2. Never give up hope.
3. – Guess which of the two cities is the capital of Australia: Sydney or Canberra? - Don't know. I give up.
4. Why did you give away this magazine? I haven't read it yet.
5. I stopped dancing when I was ten years old.
6. I can’t resist the idea of going to London to see this city with my own eyes.
7. Katya returned the book of stories, now you can take it.
8. Try again, don't give up. You can do it.
4. Verb Take
1. Take– take (basic meaning)
Take + preposition
2.take smth with- take something with you
3. take smb to some place - take (accompany) someone somewhere
4. take out- pull out, bring out
Take + phrasal particle
1. take back- take it to its place, return it
2. take away– remove, take away (away), take away (away)
3. take off– a) remove, remove; b) take off (of an airplane, helicopter)
4. take up– do something, for example. to take up music
5. take after- to be like one of your relatives (about character)
Exercise 1. Translate, paying attention to the highlighted combinations.
- Everybody says that I take after my father, but my little brother Paul takes after our mother.
- If you are not going to eat the cake, take it away.
- Could you take the children away: I don’t think they should see this film.
- Take your coat and hat off, it's quite warm in here.
- Let's take the curtains off and wash them.
- Don't forget to take the books back to the library.
- We made the girl take the dog back to its master.
- He quarreled with his mother, because he didn’t want to take up music lessons.
- Take the dog out for a walk.
Exercise 2. Complete the sentences using the missing words after, up, away, out, off, back.
- He came home, took … his shoes and changed his clothes.
- Can I ask you to take this bicycle… to Peter?
- I was surprised to see how much the boy took… his father.
- We’ve got to take … all the portraits in the classroom and dust them.
- I don’t need the magazines anymore, you can take them… .
- Look, the plane is going to take….
- What are all these books doing here? Why don’t you take them… to the bookcase?
- The king ordered to take the boy… and punish him.
Exercise 3. Express the same in English.
1. Can I take off my sweater? It's very warm outside.
2. As soon as the plane took off, I had a terrible headache.
3. All children are like their father, they are all cheerful and hard-working.
4. Please take this book to your neighbor, it is her book.
5. This map on the wall is very old. Let's take it off.
6. Take your toys away from here, please. It's time to go to bed.
The phrasal verb give is one of the most frequently used action words in modern speech by both native speakers and people learning English, regardless of their level of mastery. Its basic values:
- give;
- present;
- give;
- visit.
For example:
- Give me please a ball. - Give me the ball, please.
- You gave me a good book. – You gave me a good book.
Give is an irregular verb, so you need to know its forms in order not only to use it correctly in your speech, but also to correctly understand the essence of other people’s statements:
Infinitive Past simple Past Participle
- (to) give – gave – given
Examples of using the verb give in three forms:
- Give infinitive: I will give you chocolate ice-cream if you want. - I'll give you chocolate ice cream if you want.
- Give past simple: I gave you all you need to finish project last week. – I gave you everything you needed to finish the project last week.
- Give past partial: I have already given you money. - I already gave you money.
In combination with prepositions, its semantic range expands significantly. Let's look at the most common cases of using the phrasal verb give.
give away
1. The combination “give away” is translated into Russian in a negative sense as spending, spilling the beans, giving away someone else’s secret, losing a chance.
For example:
- I hope you are not going to give away my secret. “I hope you're not going to give away my secret.”
- You have given away your chance to win this competition. – You missed your chance to win this competition.
2. The second meaning of “give away” is also negative - to retreat, give vent to tears, fall into despair, surrender to illness.
For example:
- My mother was very tired and gave away to tears. – My mother was very tired, so she gave vent to tears.
- The island gave away to water. – The island surrendered under the pressure of the water elements.
give up
The translation of the phrasal verb “give up” is very diverse: quit, stop fighting, refuse, give out or reveal, declassify, put an end to (something, someone).
For example:
- You doctor recommended to give up smoking as soon as possible. – Your doctor recommended quitting smoking as quickly as possible.
- Run, run, run. Never give up! - Run, run, run. Never give up!
- Why did doctors give her up? Why did the doctors refuse to treat her?
The third meaning of “give up to” is to devote oneself to someone or something.
For example:
- Do you really think about giving up to music? – Are you really thinking about devoting yourself to music?
give back
The combination “give back” is translated as return.
For example:
- Are you going to give back my game? – Are you going to return my game?
give in
“Give in” is used to mean agree or give in.
For example:
- You should give in to your sister. She is right. – You must (must) give in to your sister. She is right.
give out
The combination “give out” has a fairly large list of meanings: to make (sound), gossip, deceive (impersonate someone else), run out (about strength).
For example:
- Sometimes my cat gives out so strange cry. – Sometimes my cat makes such a strange howl.
- I do not like to spend time in our country house because of our neighbors who like to give out rumors. – I don’t like spending time in the village because of our neighbors. Who love to gossip. She gave herself out as his wife. “She pretended to be his wife.”
As you can see, give out is a phrasal verb, which allows you to convey semantic loads that are completely different in meaning.
Give off
“Give off” is translated into Russian as emit, allocate.
For example:
- It's cold. When you breathe you give off stream. - Cold. When you breathe, you release steam.
Give over
“Give over” conveys the meaning of stopping something, quitting (a habit), giving someone away.
For example:
- I am so glad you have given over smoking. - I'm so glad that you quit smoking.
Give forth
“Give forth” is translated as emit (sound), release (smoke).
For example:
- To give out smoke. - Release smoke.
There seems to be too much information to remember. This is just the first impression. There is no point in trying to remember all the nuances of the combination of the phrasal verb give unless you have a phenomenal memory. In order for this information to occupy a place in your memory for a long time, it is necessary not only to learn the combinations of give with prepositions, but also to complete written and oral exercises to consolidate it, as well as listen to the speech of native speakers. You can start with cartoons, eventually moving on to watching films with and without subtitles.
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synonyms renounce, backtrack, forgo, sacrifice, waive
Shecouldnotgiveuphercanaries - She couldn't leave her canaries
Ididwantaholidayabroad,butwe'vehadtogiveuptheidea - I really wanted to spend a holiday abroad, but we had to abandon this idea
It’s hard to give up the drinking habit without help - It’s hard to stop drinking without help
Give up smoking gradually – Quit smoking gradually
2) give up, quit
Don'tgiveupwithouteventrying - Don't give up without even trying
A thrown towel means the boxer is giving up – ThrowntowelMeans, Whatboxerfor rent
3) togivesmb.up - give up, give up
He is given up by the doctors - Doctorsfromhimrefused
Even his kin have given him up - Even his relatives turned away from him
4) surrender, yield
He gave himself up unhesitatingly to the guidance of (Pope) Innocent - Hewithoutfluctuationsgavemyselfunderpatronage(dads) Innocent
We had to give up the castle to the enemy - We had to surrender the fortress to the enemy
Being drunk, he gave up the driver seat to Pam –Being under the influence, he gave up the driver's seat to Pam
5) disclose, make public, give out
synonyms divulge, reveal
We do not give up the names of our contributors - WeNotrevealnamesoursponsors
The data have not been given up yet – DatamoreNotannounced
to give smb. up
6) throw
Thewomangaveupherlovertosavehermarriage - A woman broke up with her lover to save her marriage
How can I give up my own child? – How can I abandon my own child?
7) colloquially - stop waiting
He waited for half an hour and gave up – Hewaitedhalf an hourAndspatonAll
8) colloquialism - to stop believing in, to be disappointed in
They were alive, but they had given up on themselves and on the possibility of a future - They were alive, but lost faith in themselves and in their future
Looks like the neighbor has given up on life – Neighbor, Seems like, at alldespaired
Fun Facts
A recent study at Harvard has shown that eating chocolate can actually help you live longer!
Let's move on to the second one - give . The main semantic content of this is the following meanings: to give, to bestow, to devote, to dedicate. What other meanings can this word take in combination with prepositions?
Meanings of the phrasal verb give
- Give away– give (gifts), distribute something, give out (secret).
He gave away the secret. - He gave away the secret.
She gave away all the money to the poor. – She gave all the money to the poor.
They’re giving away a CD with this magazine. – The CD comes as a gift with this magazine.
- Give back- return, give.
Give back the book you borrowed. - Return the book you took.
- Give forth- to publish, to emit, to make public, to spread rumors.
It won't do to give forth. - Spreading rumors is not good.
- Give in– give in, give in; hand in (written work).
Don't give in without a fight. – Don’t give up without a fight.
She gave in her exam paper. She passed her exam paper.
- Give off– emit, emit (smell, smoke, light, heat).
This lamp gives off a very bright light. - This lamp shines very brightly.
The fire was giving off a lot of smoke. “There was a lot of smoke coming from the fire.”
- Give out– distribute, announce, end.
His strength gave out after running that long distance. “His strength ran out when he ran such a long distance.
He gave out copies of the report at the end of the meeting. – He distributed (distributed) copies of the report after the meeting.
The food supplies gave out. - Food supplies have run out.
- Give over– pass, throw (do something).
Give over pushing! - Stop pushing!
We gave the keys over to our neighbors during our absence. – During our absence, we left the keys with our neighbors.
- Give up– leave, refuse, abandon, abandon (hope), give up (about a criminal).
He gave up his seat to her. “He gave way to her.”
He gave up smoking. - He gave up smoking.
You were so late that we gave you up. “You came so late that we stopped waiting for you.”
The murderer gave up. - The killer surrendered.
- Give up on smth– give up something (for example, an idea).
Jack gave up on improving relation. – Jack gave up the idea of improving relations.
- Give up on smb- give up (for example, hope) that someone will do what you expect from them.
After the quarrel she gave up on him. – After a quarrel, she broke up with him.
This topic is closely related to others described in the articles that need attention.
