Marking of motor oils. How to correctly decipher the marking of motor oils Classifications ilsac, gost, asea

September 18th, 2016 Admin

All car owners need to be able to understand motor oils, be able to read the information hidden in the markings written on the label. Proper selection and use of a good quality product gives you a guarantee for a stable and long service life of your car engine. The properties of the lubricating product must meet all the conditions of the manufacturer. The operation of oils takes place under high pressure and in a wide temperature range, for this reason such stringent requirements are put forward for them.

To simplify the process of selecting oil for a particular type of engine according to the necessary characteristics and required conditions, several types of international standards have been developed. Global oil manufacturers use all recognized classifications.

Classification of automotive engine oils:

ILSAC;
GOST;
ACEA.

Most often, 3 types of classification are used - API, GOST and ACEA.

There are 2 main categories of motor oils tied to the type of engine: diesel or gasoline. There is also a universal oil. The packaging must contain information on the purpose of the product. The composition of each engine oil includes mineral oil, which makes up the main part of it, and the required amount of additives.

Lubricating fluid is divided by chemical composition into:

Synthetic.
Mineral.
Semi-synthetic.

On the container, next to other information, the chemical composition is always written.

What can be written on an oil canister:

API and ACEA additives present.
SAE density classification (viscosity).
Barcode.
Recommendations from car manufacturers.
Specialist. categories of motor oils.
Date of manufacture and lot number.
Pseudonymous labeling (has nothing to do with standard labeling, is part of marketing, for example, fully synthetic and the like).

To find out which oil is ideal for your car's engine, we will help you understand the more significant markings.

SAE engine oil classification: table

The main properties that are indicated in the markings on the product packaging are density parameters according to the SAE classification - international standards for adjustable viscosity of oils depending on seasonal changes in air temperature.

Because of this, oils are divided into 3 types, which differ in their structure:

winter oils more liquid and allow you to easily start the car engine at low air temperatures. This type of SAE indicator is indicated by the symbol "W" (for example, 0W, 5W, 10W, and so on). In order to find out the limit value, the number 35 should be subtracted. At positive air temperatures, such an oil is not suitable for use, since it becomes too liquid in structure and cannot form a lubricating layer, i.e. will not fulfill its intended function.
summer oils are used at air temperatures from 0˚ and above, since their viscosity is quite high so that at high temperatures the fluidity does not exceed the required indicator for effective lubrication of motor parts. In winter, it will not be possible to start the engine with high viscosity oil. Summer oils are marked with a numerical designation without letters (for example, 5,10,15, etc.; a larger number means a stronger viscosity).
Multigrade oils are the most popular because of the ability to carry out the functions of their destination both in the cold and in the warm season. The limit values \u200b\u200bof such oils can be viewed in the diagram, where the SAE indicators are deciphered. This type of oil is indicated by a double marking (for example, SAE 15W-40).

The viscosity characteristic is the very first and most significant component of the marking and specification of a lubricating fluid, but there are others. Making a choice of lubricating fluid using only viscosity data is wrong. It is also necessary to take into account the relationship between the properties of the product and the conditions of its use.

All oils have not only viscosity, but also many other different performance properties (anti-wear, detergent and antioxidant properties, corrosiveness, and others). These properties make it possible to determine the scope of their assignment.

API classification of motor oils: table

The main indicators in the classification according to API are: the type of engine and its mode of operation, the operating properties of the oil and the year of commissioning. Oils are divided according to the standard into 2 categories:

Category "S" - for engines running on gasoline.
Category "C" - designed for a diesel engine.

How to decipher the API engine oil label?

The API designation may begin with the letter "C" or "S". They indicate for which type of engine the oil is intended. The next letter defines the product class, which indicates the level of active properties.

According to this classification, the explanation of the marking of motor oils looks like this:

The abbreviated EU designation, located immediately after the API, indicates energy-saving oils.
Behind the abbreviation, indicating Roman numerals carry information about the level of fuel economy.
The letter "C" defines oils for engines running on diesel fuel.
The letter "S" denotes oils for gasoline engines.
Multipurpose oils are marked with letters of both categories through a slash (e.g. API SL/CF).
After the letters "S" or "C" indicate the degree of performance, it is indicated by letters from "A" (the smallest indicator) to "N", etc. (the higher in alphabetical order the value of the 2nd letter, the higher the product class).
For diesel engines, API marking oils are divided into two-stroke and four-stroke (indicated at the end by the number "2" or "4", respectively).

Engine oils that have passed a series of SAE/API checks and meet current grade quality standards are identified as a round symbol on labels. At the top of the sign is the designation - "API Service", in the central part - the degree of viscosity according to SAE, below - the degree of energy saving (if any).

Using motor oils of the required specification, you increase wear resistance and reduce the risk of engine breakdown. At the same time, fuel consumption and oil waste are reduced, the engine runs quieter, and its driving performance improves (especially at cold temperatures), the exhaust purification system and catalyst wear out less.

Classifications ILSAC, GOST, ACEA - what does it mean and how to decipher

Classification and designation of engine oils according to ILSAC

Joint development of America and Japan - ILSAC classification. The International Committee for Standardization and Testing has developed 5 lubricating fluid standards:

ILSAC GF-1,
ILSAC GF-2,
ILSAC GF-3,
ILSAC GF-4,
ILSAC GF-5.

They are similar to API grades and differ only in that the corresponding oils of the ILSAC classification are energy efficient and versatile in all seasons. This classification is the best option for Japanese cars.

Classification and designation of motor oils according to GOST

In accordance with GOST 17479.1-85, engine oils are divided into:

groups by active properties;
kinematic viscosity category.

By viscosity, oils are divided into the following classes:

Winter period of the year - 3, 4, 5, 6.
Summer period of the year - 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 24.
Universal - 3/8, 4/6, 4/8, 4/10, 5/10, ... .6/16 (the 1st digit indicates the winter class, and the 2nd - summer).

The larger the numerical designation in all the classes described above, the higher the level of viscosity.

Engine oils are divided into 6 groups according to the area of \u200b\u200buse and are marked with letters from "A" to "E".

Oils with a digital indicator of "1" indicate their intended use in gasoline engines, "2" - for diesel engines, and the absence of a digital indicator indicates the versatility of the fluid.

Classification and designation of motor oils according to ACEA

The association of car manufacturers of European countries has developed the ACEA classification. It marks their categories and purpose, as well as the performance properties of engine oils. This specification is also divided by application in gasoline and diesel engine types.

The latest standards divide oils into 3 varieties and 12 groups:

А/В – diesel and petrol engines of passenger cars, minibuses and vans (А1/В1-12, А5/В5-12, etc.)
C - diesel and gasoline engines with a catalytic converter (C1-12 .... C4-12).
E - trucks with a diesel engine (E4-12 .... E9-12).

In addition to the classification of engine oil, the ACEA marking indicates the edition number (updates of technical requirements) and the year of commissioning. Domestic oils are additionally certified by GOST.

Oil groups in the ILSAC category, their compliance with API standards:

ILSAC GF-1 (obsolete category) - oil quality similar to API SH classification; according to viscosity SAE 0W-20, 5W-35, 10W-40.
ILSAC GF-2 - similar in product quality to API SJ, in terms of density SAE 0W-20, 5W-25.
ILSAC GF-3 - corresponds to the API SL variety, entered service in 2001.
ILSAC GF-4 and ILSAC GF-5 are similar to SM and SN.

Also, in accordance with the ILSAC standard for Japanese cars with turbocharged diesel engines, the JASO DX-1 category has been developed. This oil marking is designed for engines of new cars with high environmental standards and built-in turbines.

Specifications and approvals of engine oils

The ACEA and API specifications express the minimum basic requirements adopted by additive and oil manufacturers and vehicle manufacturers. The characteristics of the oil during operation are different, since different brands of cars have motors arranged differently. Some of the leading engine manufacturers have created their own personal oil classification method (simplified name - tolerance), which adds to the ACEA classification system. Engine manufacturers such as: BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, Renault, Ford, Fiat, GM - preferably use personal approvals when choosing motor oils.

Let's look at the more well-known and more commonly used tolerances that are indicated on the container of motor oils.

Engine oil approvals for VAG

Engine oil - VW 500.00 - energy saving (SAE 10W-30, 5W-30, 5W-40, etc.) For gasoline engines (up to year 2000), VW 501.01 is calculated - suitable for any seasonal period. VW 502.00 - intended for use in turbocharged engines.

Oil for engines running on gasoline with a viscosity of SAE 0W-30 - VW 503.00 - requiring a rarer change (up to 30,000 kilometers). For a car engine with an exhaust system with a three-way converter - VW 504.00.

The approval of VW 505.00 oils for TDI engines is provided for cars such as AUDI, VOLKSWAGEN, SKODA running on diesel (until 2000). PDE motors with a pump injector - oils with a VW 505.01 approval.

For vehicles running on diesel fuel (manufactured after 2002), an energy-saving oil with a viscosity of 0W-30 - VW 506.00 is recommended - more rarely needs replacement (up to 50,000 kilometers in 4-cylinder TDI engines). For engines running on diesel fuel with a pump-injector and turbocharged PD-TDI, approval VW506.01 is an oil that rarely requires replacement.

Engine oil approvals for Mercedes

Manufacturers of MERCEDES-BENZ cars also have personal permits. Permission MB 229.1 designates oil for MERCEDES engines running on gasoline and diesel, put into production since 1997. Permission MB 229.31, limiting the content of phosphorus and sulfur, introduced later, is consistent with SAE 0W and SAE 5W. Multifunctional oil for engines running on both gasoline and diesel fuel with an extended service life, as well as energy saving, has the approval of MB 229.5.

Engine oil approvals for BMW (BMW)

For cars manufactured since 1998, it is proposed to use oils with the approval designation "BMW Long life-98", which comply with ACEA A3 / B3 standards, with an extended service life. "BMW Long life-01" - oil approval, recommended for car engines produced at the end of 2001. With increased engine load in difficult conditions, it is recommended to use oils with a BMW Long life-01 FE approval. In modern BMW cars, engine oils with a BMW Long life-04 approval are used.

Engine oil approvals for Renault

In 2007, RENAULT manufacturers developed tolerances that meet the main ACEA requirements:

Renault RN0700 - ACEA A3 / B4 or ACEA A5 / B5.
Renault RN0710 complies with ACEA A3/B4 conditions.
Renault RN0720 complies with ACEA C3 conditions (some accessories from Renault).
The RN0720 approval was created for use in modern vehicles running on diesel fuel with a particulate filter.

Engine oil approvals for Ford (FORD)

Ford approved WSS-M2C913-A grade SAE 5W-30 engine oil is calculated for initial use and subsequent replacement. Such an oil meets all the requirements and standards for the following classifications: ACEA A1-98, ILSAC GF-2 and additional Ford requirements.

The oil, which has Ford M2C913-B approval, meets the required ACEA A1-98 and B1-98, ILSAC GF-2 and ILSAC GF-3 standards, is recommended for initial use and subsequent replacement in cars with diesel and gasoline engines.

In 2012, the Ford WSS-M2C913-D approval was developed and introduced. Engine oils with this rating are available for all Ford diesel vehicles. Exceptions are Ford Ka TDCi models put into production before 2009, and engines manufactured from 2000 to 2006. The approval provides for an extended oil life and refueling with high sulfur fuel or bio-diesel fuel.

Ford WSS-M2C934-A approved engine oil is designed for an extended operating period and is intended for use in vehicles with a diesel engine and a diesel particulate filter (DPF). Oil that meets Ford WSS-M2S948-B approval meets ACEA C2 classification standards (for diesel and gasoline engines with a catalyst). The presence of this tolerance indicates that the viscosity of the oil corresponds to SAE 5W-20 with reduced soot formation.

When choosing engine oil, consider the following:

The choice of the appropriate chemical composition of the oil - synthetic, semi-synthetic or mineral.
SAE viscosity classification standards (winter, summer or universal).
A set of additives that meets the requirements (formulated in ACEA and API classifications).
Pay attention to which car brands the product is intended for (this information can be seen on the container label).
It is important not to lose sight of additional indicators and oil tolerances (for example, the Long life designation indicates that the oil is suitable for use in vehicles with an extended replacement service life).
In the features of some compositions, it is possible to determine a combination with engines that have an intercooler, turbocharging, valve lift adjustment, timing phases and recirculation gas cooling.

ILSAC, International Lubricant Standards and Approvals Committee, formed in 1992 by AAMA (American Automobile Manufacturers Association, representatives of DaimlerChrysler Corporation, Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation) and JAMA (Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association) to determine needs, parameters and licensing. and administration of lubricant specifications. Together with the tripartite system (API, SAE and ASTM) formed EOLCS, the engine oil licensing and certification system. ILSAC oils often carry the API service symbol (donut), including an energy saving designation and/or an API certification mark (Starburst).

The current and retired ILSAC industry standards are listed below. Before using the data from the tables, you should carefully study the vehicle operating manual. An engine oil may meet the requirements of more than one performance category.

The most recent edition of the ILSAC industry standard ( GF-5) for motor oils of automotive gasoline engines includes the performance requirements of previous versions and can be used to service older engines for which oils of previous categories were recommended.

A new standard is to be adopted soon - GF-6. The ILSAC GF-6 specification is currently under development and is likely to be split into two sub-specifications. The ILSAC GF-6A will be fully backwards compatible with the ILSAC GF-5 but provide better fuel economy, better engine protection and improved performance while maintaining durability. ILSAC GF-6B will have the same performance as ILSAC GF-5A but will allow the use of lower viscosity oils such as xW-16, taking advantage of the fuel economy benefits offered by the new SAE 16 viscosity grade.

ILSAC STANDARD FOR PASSENGER CAR ENGINE OIL
EDITION	STATUS	DESCRIPTION
GF-6	Project	The ILSAC GF-6 specification is currently under development and is likely to be split into two sub-specifications. The ILSAC GF-6A will be fully backwards compatible with the ILSAC GF-5 but provide better fuel economy, better engine protection and improved performance while maintaining durability. ILSAC GF-6B will have the same performance as ILSAC GF-5A but will allow the use of lower viscosity oils such as xW-16, taking advantage of the fuel economy benefits offered by the new SAE 16 viscosity grade.
GF-5	current	Introduced in October 2010 for 2011 and older vehicles. GF-5 engine oil provides better protection against high-temperature deposits on engine pistons and turbocharger parts, reduction of low-temperature deposits (tar), improved fuel consumption, improved compatibility with the aftertreatment system, enhanced compatibility with sealing parts, as well as additional engine protection during using fuels containing ethanol up to grade E85.
GF-4	Outdated	Valid until September 30, 2011. Use GF-5 oil instead of GF-4.
GF-3	Outdated	Use GF-5 oil instead of GF-3. It was introduced in 2001 and complies with the API SL category (PS 06).
GF-2	Outdated	Use GF-5 oil instead of GF-2. It was adopted in 1996 and met the quality requirements for the API SJ category, viscosity: in addition to GF-1 - SAE 0W-20, 5W-20;
GF-1	Outdated	Use GF-5 oil instead of GF-1. Fully complied with the quality requirements of the API SH category; viscosities SAE 0W-XX, SAE 5W-XX, SAE 10W-XX; where XX - 30, 40, 50, 60;

The main differences between oils of the ILSAC category:

low viscosity - 2.6-2.9 mPa s at a temperature of 150 ° C and a shear rate of 10^6 s^-1;
low volatility (according to Nok or ASTM);
good low temperature filterability (General Motors test);
low tendency to foam (test ASTM I-IV);
high shear stability (L-38 for at least 10 hours) (shear stability);
mandatory fuel economy (ASTM test, Sequence VIA);
low phosphorus content (to prevent catalyst clogging);

The marking of motor oils helps owners to choose the right lubricants for cars. Before purchasing, you always have the opportunity to study the product. Information about the manufacturer and the main characteristics can be read on the label if you know the decoding of all designations.

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Choosing motor oil by composition

A well-chosen engine oil can extend the life of the engine for a long time, and an unsuitable composition, on the contrary, will shorten its service life. Today, three main groups of oils are produced.

Synthetic (Fully Synthetic)

Drivers call the oil "synthetic", as manufacturers get it through the synthesis of chemical components. This is a complex process in which a number of necessary parameters and the amount of additives are initially laid in the basis of the future oil.

Such lubricants have the following qualities:

reliably protect the motor;
have excellent cleansing properties;
do not thicken in severe frost;
able to withstand the maximum possible heating of the unit during operation.

When using a synthetic type lubricant, the elements of the engine system wear out less, since the product burns well with a minimum amount of deposits.

Such oil evaporates very slowly, so it will have to be changed less often. But one drawback of "synthetics" is still there - this is a high cost.

Semi-synthetic (Semi Synthetic)

Inexpensive alternative option for economical car owners. In composition, it is a cross between "synthetics" and "mineral water". The base of the lubricant is mineral, but to improve its characteristics, manufacturers add a large amount of additives. In this case, the oil becomes semi-synthetic. The result is a liquid containing natural ingredients and improved qualities due to the presence of chemical additives in it.

Mineral

Oil is obtained during the processing of petroleum products. According to its characteristics, it is not inferior to synthetic counterparts, however, it is more difficult for natural components to withstand the influence of the natural environment - low temperatures, as well as engine overheating and oxidation. When the liquid boils, slags are formed, which are deposited in the motor. You will have to replace it often to keep the components working.

Why do you need to label motor oils

Thanks to the marking, consumers can quickly and accurately select the right lubricant to protect the engine.

The classification is based on two parameters:

scope of use - gasoline, turbodiesel engine or diesel;
the degree of viscosity and the ability to service the power unit in summer or winter.

The most common oil classifications are the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) and the American Petroleum Institute (API).

The PARTBOX channel tells you which oil to choose so as not to damage the engine.

Marking of engine oils according to SAE

In accordance with SAE, oils are marked by viscosity - the most important parameter for all fuels and lubricants. It indicates the level of friction of the elements and the resistance of the engine to wear. This indicator is especially important for motorists living in the northern regions of our country.

In turn, SAE is divided into three classes:

summer (liquid);
winter (thick);
universal.

Most modern products belong to the third class, that is, they can be used regardless of the time of year. Oils are marked with two numbers, separated by a hyphen, and the letter “W” is indicated in the gap - winter (winter), which means that the lubricant can be used in the winter season. The first number is the lowest temperature the oil can withstand. The second - indicates the highest temperature mark at which the liquid will remain in working condition and will not boil.

To make the meaning of the values more clear, we will characterize several popular notations:

5W-30 - the brand is used for pouring into car engines of European manufacturers. The number 5 means the viscosity of the oil in the cold state at the initial start of the engine. The letter "W" - the possibility of use in cold weather. The number "30" determines the viscosity of the composition after heating the engine.
5W-40 - suitable for the fastest sports cars. The cold and hot viscosity range will be 5 and 40, respectively. The letter "W" also indicates the possibility of use in harsh winter conditions.

Deciphering the marking of engine oil according to SAE

SAE oil classes and temperatures at which fluids can operate.

Class	t, °C	Temperature for pumping / turning the crankshaft, ° C	Density, mm2/s at 100 °C
0W	-40 to 10	-35/-30	3,8
5W	-35 to 10	-30/-25	3,8
10W	-30 to 0	-25/-20	4,1
15W	-25 to +5	-20/-15	5,6
20W	-15 to +15	-15/-10	5,6
30	-5 to +35	+20/-25	9,3
40	+10 to -40	+35/-40	12,5
50	+10 to -50	+45/-50	16,3
60	+10 to -60	from +50	21,9

As the first number increases, the viscosity of the oil increases. So, 5W-40 liquid can be used at air temperatures from -35 frost to +40 degrees Celsius.

API engine oil labeling

Specialists of the Petroleum Institute regularly conduct quality tests of motor oils and, based on their results, assign an index to each type of product, in accordance with the requirements of manufacturers. The labels show the quality class symbols first, followed by the API marker.

According to API, the type of oil is indicated by two capital Latin letters. A gasoline engine has an S sign, a diesel engine has a C sign. The second letter indicates to drivers under what conditions it will be possible to use this type of oil. It all depends on the unit itself - is it new or worn, turbocharged or conventional. If the lubricant is suitable for all types of engines in this category, then the designation will be double through a dash, for example, SJ / CF.

If the car owner decides to change the class of oil, then you need to choose from those that are 1-2 points higher.

A higher grade liquid can be used, but a lower one should not be chosen. Oils of each subsequent class in increasing order, as a rule, are produced with all the necessary additives for the previous category. If SE oil was previously filled in the system, then products labeled SF or SG will do instead. But SJ and other liquids for modern cars are not recommended to be taken immediately. You can try to use SM if the motor is not very old.

How to decipher API markings

In total, the API system has 10 classes for gasoline units and 9 classes for diesel engines.

Marking of motor oils according to the API system for engines using gasoline.

Engine oil class	Year of exit from the factory conveyor	Availability
SC	Before 1964	Out of stock
SD	From 1964 to 1968	Out of stock
SE	From 1969 to 1972	Out of stock
SF	From 1973 to 1988	Available for sale
SG	From 1989 to 1994 (harsh conditions)	Available for sale
SH	From 1995 to 1996 (hard conditions)	Available for sale
SJ	1997 to 2000 (Energy saving function)	Available for sale
SL	From 2001 to 2003 (increase the life of the unit)	Available for sale
SM	since 2004 (long drain intervals, do not oxidize, prevent the formation of deposits, frost-resistant)	Available for sale
SL+	Newly developed high oxidation resistance	Less common

Designation	Vehicle year
CB	Until 1961 - contains sulfur
CC	Before 1983 - for difficult conditions
CD	Until 1990 - combines the features of previous classes
CE	Left the assembly line before 1990, for a turbine engine
CF	Came off the assembly line in 1990 and later
CG-4	Came off the assembly line in 1994
CH-4	Rolled off the assembly line in 1998, low percentage of toxic emissions
CI-4	New models with an EGR valve
CI-4 plus	Reduced toxicity, meets high standards

Classification of engine oils according to ACEA

There is also a classification according to the Association of Manufacturers from Europe (ACEA) system. Product quality requirements are similar to the API system, but some parameters are very strict. Gasoline engines are designated by the letter "A", diesel - "B". On the labels, letters are combined with numbers. The higher the number, the higher the requirements the lubricant must meet. So, oil marked ACEA A3 / B3 belongs to the API SL / CF class.

For compact turbine units, Europeans are specially developing oils with increased protective properties and reduced viscosity. This improves the environmental performance of the product and reduces fluid losses due to friction between parts. So, ACEA A5 / B5 oil performs much better than API SM / CI-4.

Classification of motor oils according to GOST

GOST divides motor oils into classes, taking into account the degree of viscosity, as well as into groups according to the type of automobile engine and the nature of the product's application.

Kinematic viscosity indicators

Oil groups according to GOST and their purpose can be found in the table.

Oil groups according to GOST 17479.1-85		Purpose and operation
BUT		Conventional non-powered engines, diesel and petrol
B	B1	Engines with slightly increased power, have low anti-corrosion performance and leave deposits when heated
AT	IN 1	Engines with an average degree of power boost
AT	IN 2	Medium-forced with higher requirements for the quality of oils
G	G1	Engines with high power boost (gasoline) designed to work in difficult conditions
G	G2	Highly boosted diesel engines with or without moderate turbocharging
D	D1	They have the same characteristics as the previous group, but work in more severe conditions than category G oils.
D	D 2	For turbocharged diesels
E	E1	Gasoline engines with increased power, operating in more difficult conditions than group D
E	E2	High Power Diesels

Classification of motor oils according to ILSAC

The community of Japanese manufacturers, together with their American colleagues, organized the International Committee for Licensing and Certification, presenting their own way of distinguishing oils by quality level.

The classification was developed as a system for checking the quality of oils for engines of foreign cars manufactured in Japan and America. Standards are like APIs.

Characteristics that distinguish oils that are classified by ILSAC:

have energy-saving properties;
save fuel (confirmed by tests);
have low viscosity;
slowly evaporate;
filtered at low temperatures;
foaming racks;
increased shear stability;
protective properties.

GF-5. Saves fuel, makes all parts of the car work more efficiently, and not just the engine. Reliably protects components from deposits at strong heating. Compatible with seals.
GF-4. Evaporates little, saves fuel, maintains the stability of oil parameters. It is characterized by improved detergent properties, contains 0.08% phosphorus, which reduces exhaust toxicity. There is a friction modifier.
GF-3. It is characterized by economy, slowly evaporates, reduces the amount of deposits. Differs in stability during the entire operational period.
GF-2. Contains phosphorus up to 0.1%. Can be used at low temperatures, prevents deposits and overheating.
GF-1. Created in the 90s. It has an acceptable minimum requirements for oil - anti-wear properties, reduced deposits, lower fuel consumption. The norm of phosphorus in the total volume is 0.12%.

A new class of oil is under development - ILSAC GF-6.

Compliance with ILSAC categories regarding API

Here are some matches:

The GF-1 class ISLAC is similar in performance to API SH;
ISLAC GF-2 is similar to API SJ, as well as 0W-30, 40, 5W-20 and up to 5W-50, 10W-30 to 50;
ISLAC GF-3 complies with API SL;
ILSAC GF-4 is similar to API SM (tested together).

Video "How to choose the viscosity of engine oil"

The choice of engine oil viscosity is described in the video from TOKO. ru.

There are a lot of Toyota car lovers in the Russian Federation. This is no coincidence, because the Japanese concern is one of the world's largest automakers. Toyota quality is known to everyone. In addition, some models of this brand are assembled at the plant in Shushary, St. Petersburg region. This decision makes cars more affordable for Russians, despite the high price.

Naturally, for its cars, the concern orders the production of lubricants under the name of its own brand. An example of this is Toyota 5W30 API SN, ILSAC GF-5 engine oil. Exxon Mobil Yugen Kaisha Co., a joint venture, was formed to produce lubricants used in Japanese car engines. The Toyota engineering division is working on the formation of the formulation with further comprehensive testing in conjunction with Exxon Mobil specialists.

API decryption, ILSAC

The main characteristics, according to the standard of the Institute of Petroleum (USA) - API - are defined as SN. What does it mean? The organization has been in existence for almost 100 years. It was formed in order to solve similar issues related to the oil and gas industry. It so happened that the institute created a classifier for the performance properties of motor oils, which is now used all over the world.

The SN level was adopted on 01.10.2010. That is, it applies to vehicles manufactured after 2010. An engine oil that meets this category should have little phosphorus, as it is more environmentally friendly. This will allow the use of lubricants in conjunction with the latest neutralizing systems that clean exhaust gases from harmful impurities. Lubricants in this category are energy-saving.

The SN category is fully compatible with the previous ones - SM, SL and so on. Only lubricants in this category have higher thermal and oxidative stability and better control of deposits and sludge.

The joint American-Asian ILSAC standard is intended for engines manufactured in these regions. The GF-5 category is also the latest to be accepted. For most of the characteristics that a motor substance should have, GF 5 completely coincides with the SN category of the API standard. However, oil formulations having a high temperature viscosity of 40 and above (50, 60) do not fall under GF level 5. In addition, GF of this level requires that oils comply not only with the SN class, but also with Resource Conserving, that is, they must be energy-saving.

ILSAC also has additional requirements for products of the GF-5 category - motor oils must:

save fuel throughout the entire operation interval;
protect emission control systems;
control oxidation processes inside the engine, as well as prevent the formation of deposits, slag and sludge.

Basic information about oil

The base composition of Toyota 5W30 is produced from oil by deep catalytic hydrocracking. That is, this motor lubricant belongs to the 3rd group, according to the generally accepted international classification. Thus, the Japanese do not indicate that it is synthetic or semi-synthetic. In general, they do it right, because the base oil is a deeply refined mineral oil. It's just that SAE, under pressure from one of the largest manufacturers, decided to consider that Group 3 engine oil is synthetic. Therefore, the Europeans perceive it as such.

There is some truth here, because real synthetics have no better characteristics, except for one very important one - thermal-oxidative stability. Hydrocracking has a worse indicator, so this engine oil will have to be changed more often. But it also costs much less than real synthetic. This oil composition is available only for gasoline power units, but drivers are also offered a Toyota lubricant for diesel engines.

Toyota 5W 30 API SN, ILSAC GF-5 is produced both in Japan and on the European continent. The Japanese offer customers tin containers, which are too expensive and troublesome to fake, so you don’t have to worry about the quality of the Japanese product. This cannot be said about European products that are produced in simple plastic cans. There are very likely fakes here. Toyota engine lubricant has the following positive characteristics:

Toyota 5W-30 engine oil has an additive package focused only on engines manufactured for Toyota and Lexus. Therefore, its use in power units of other manufacturers is undesirable, as it can cause technical problems.

Toyota engine oil 5W30 SN should be changed for atmospheric multi-valve engines every 10 thousand kilometers. For turbocharged power units, the interval is halved, that is, replacement - every 5 thousand.

The composition of the additive package and the main properties

Synthetic or semi-synthetic viscosity 5W30 for Toyota engines, according to API, has the SN category. The products have been carefully analyzed in laboratory conditions, and also tested in order to determine whether the temperature-viscosity characteristics correspond to the declared ones. Based on the results obtained, we will conduct a complete analysis of the composition and determine its main characteristics.

The kinematic viscosity that a motor lubricant has at a temperature of 40 ° C is 62.86 mm 2 / s, but it is not standardized. The same indicator at 100°C is 10.59 mm 2 /s., which is quite typical for a Japanese product and fits into the norm, which is between 9.3 and 12.5 mm 2 /s. The viscosity index is 159 - you can’t call it very good, but it’s also not considered small. A typical indicator for hydrocracking.

The base number is 8.53 mg KOH per 1 g - a low indicator, which is so characteristic of Asian oils designed for high-quality fuel. For Russian conditions, the value is small, so it is advisable to change the oil fluid more often, after 7–8 thousand kilometers. By this time, the supply of acid neutralization inside the engine will just be depleted. The acid number is also low - 1.53 mg KOH per 1 g, there is a good margin for growth during operation.

The sulphated ash level is very good at 0.97%, just slightly higher than Mid SAPS oils. The pour point is -40 ° C, there is a margin so that the lubricant contributes well to starting the engine in frost -30 ° C. At the same temperature, -30°C, the measured dynamic viscosity gives information that the oil composition is quite liquid. The indicator is 5772 mPas, and according to the standard it should be no more than 6600.

The presence of organic trinuclear molybdenum MoDTC (44 units) informs that the oil fluid has an additive such as a friction modifier. Anti-wear additive ZDDP (zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate) is the best at the moment, it is represented by a high content of phosphorus (907) and zinc (1028). This means that the lubricant has very good anti-wear, anti-seize, anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion qualities.

The level of calcium (2608) informs about the presence of detergent neutralizing additives - detergents. But at the same time, there is practically no boron, magnesium is also very small. This means that there are either no dispersing additives at all, or they are in a small amount.

From the foregoing, we can conclude that Toyota 5w30 oil is a completely normal product. Obviously, it is tailored for compact Japanese engines with narrow oil channels. Only it needs to be changed more often because of our fuel.

Original oil and counterfeit

The popularity of Toyota cars and the demand for consumables for them have led to numerous fakes of engine oil for Toyota, including 5W30 viscosity grease. This became possible due to the fact that Europeans produce it in plastic cans. It is the inconsistencies between the original and fake containers that make it possible to identify counterfeit.

In order not to fall for the hook of scammers, you should follow a few simple rules.

You should never be tempted by a product that is too cheap, which is supposedly offered on sale or announced on sale. This is the first sign of a fake. Original grease cannot be cheap.
Do not purchase lubricant on the market from unknown sellers. There is much more chance of getting a fake instead of the original. It is better to buy only in large specialized stores or from authorized dealers. Then the probability of getting a fake is significantly reduced.
During the purchase, you should carefully inspect the canister. As a rule, fake products are clearly worse in quality, which is noticeable to the naked eye.

We hope that our advice will help you avoid acquiring low-quality lubricants that can destroy an expensive motor in one fill.

For motor oils of gasoline engines. One reason is that the API SN classification has spearheaded a new category of motor oils called resource-saving.

To understand what API SN resource saving oil is all about, you need to understand API SM energy saving oil.

Decoding API SN and SM

When a new API SM class was developed in 2005, it received an additional specification, or rather, it was defined in a new category of energy-saving oils at that time, in which it is still alone (API SM).

energy conservation(denoted by EC, example API SM EC) i.e. an energy-saving oil that has low viscosity properties (in other words, more fluid or thinner), due to which fuel savings of at least 1.5% were achieved compared to a similar reference API SM.

resource conservation(denoted by RC, example API SN RC) and is a resource conserving oil and only API SN engine oil classification is in this category. The RC (Resource Conserving) specification appeared in 2010, when the API SN.

Summing up, I note that the difference between RC and EC is the specification requirements. We can say that resource-saving oil is superior to energy-saving, as it requires not only fuel economy from quality oil, but also the preservation of exhaust system parts, turbocharging and compatibility with biofuels.

This is not the end of API SN decoding. For a more correct and understandable presentation in improvements, you just need to compare the API specification SN and SM.

Improved protection against high in-cylinder temperatures
Less carbon deposits
Improved compatibility with different types of fuel
Improved cleaning properties
Improved protective properties

The requirements for the ILSAC GF-5 standard are similar to API SN RC.

In fact, the requirements for the international Asian market are quite objective. If you find ILSAC GF-5 in Japanese oil, you can be sure that this oil meets the requirements of API SN RC. Lack of a resource-saving oil specification makes it impossible to obtain ILSAC GF-5