Windshield washer wiring diagram. What to do if the windshield washer pump does not pump? Electrical breakdowns

Sometimes motorists are faced with the fact that the VAZ 2114 washer does not work. This seemingly not dangerous problem can actually lead to very serious consequences. After all, the washer is designed to clean the windshield from dirt and various litter falling on it, which is sometimes impossible to remove with the help of wipers alone.

Such pollution significantly impairs visibility through the windshield, and this, in turn, can make driving on the road unsafe.

It should be remembered that according to the norms of the law, driving a car with a washer failure is strictly prohibited. Passing inspection with a faulty washer will also fail.

The washer itself is quite simple, and its most important components are:

tank;
motorized pump;
hose;
nozzles;
washer fluid level sensor.

About why breakdowns happen even in such a simple unit and how to fix them yourself - we will tell below.

Mechanical breakdowns

The most common reasons why the VAZ 2114 windshield washer does not work are mechanical damage.

The most common of them are:

washer fluid has run out in the reservoir;
clogged pipeline going to the wiper;
wiper nozzles are clogged;
frozen water used as washer fluid;
the hose flew off the pump;
pinched the hose going to the wiper;
supply hose ruptured.

Problems related to the washer fluid are solved almost instantly - if it is over, it should be topped up, if it is frozen - take the expansion tank to a warm room, warm it up, then drain the water or liquid that does not correspond to the season and fill it with non-freezing.

If the hose is clogged, it should be cleaned (blown out), and then reinstalled. If the nozzles are clogged, they should also be carefully cleaned using a very thin needle. This operation should be done carefully, without undue effort.

Sometimes it also happens that the hose during operation turned out to be bent, pinched or completely flew off the expansion tank. In such a situation, it is enough to straighten the hose and install it in its original place. If a hose breaks (for example, when the coolant freezes), a new one should be installed instead.

Electrical damage

Another answer to the question - why the windshield washer does not work on the VAZ 2114, may be damage to one or more elements of the electrical circuit of this device. They happen a little less often, but their elimination can require much more effort.

The main electrical faults are:

Fuse failure.
Pump failure.
A break in the electrical network.
Steering column switch malfunction.

The first reason is solved elementarily - just check the F7 fuse in the common unit and, if it malfunctions, replace it with a new one.

If the fuse turned out to be serviceable, then the pump itself should be checked for operability. To do this, connect it directly to the battery. If the pump motor turned on, and the unit itself began to pump water, then the cause of the malfunction lies somewhere else. If the VAZ 2114 windshield washer motor does not work (which can be indicated by complete silence when it is connected to the battery), then the pump should be replaced with a new one.

If it turned out that the fuse and the pump are working, then you should check the electrical system itself. This is best done with the help of "dialing" with a multimeter (tester). If a break is found, the wire will need to be replaced.

The last electrical cause of a possible malfunction of the wiper system is damage to the steering column switch. You can check this by directly closing its contacts: 53ah to W or 53ah to 53H. If after this procedure the washer works, then the switch is working. If not, it should be replaced with a new one.

Useful video

You can get more information on this issue by watching the video below:

Windshield wiper and washer connection diagram: 1 - windshield washer motor; 2 - windshield wiper motor; 3 - ignition switch; 4 - fuse box; 5 - windshield wiper and washer switch; 6 - conditional numbering of plugs in the switch block; 7 - windshield wiper relay; 8 - conditional numbering of plugs in the blocks of the relay and the windshield wiper motor.

The windshield wiper consists of a gearmotor, a lever and a brush. Cleaner electric motor - two-brush, direct current, with excitation from permanent magnets. To protect against overloads, a thermal bimetallic fuse is installed in it. Specifications of the gearmotor: Shaft rotation frequency at a supply voltage of 14 V, a load of 0.15 kgf-m and an ambient temperature of (25 + 10) ° C, min-1, not less than 50 Current consumed in these conditions, A, not more than 3 ,5 The cleaner has two modes of operation - continuous and intermittent, they are switched on by the right switch under the steering wheel. The intermittent mode is provided by a relay type RS-514 installed under the instrument panel on the left side. The relay must ensure the inclusion of the electric motor with a frequency of 9-17 cycles per minute at temperatures from -20 to +50 ° C and a supply voltage of 10 V. At the beginning of operation in intermittent mode, up to four continuous double strokes of the brush are allowed. It is recommended to replace a faulty gearmotor (cleaning of the collector and limit switch contacts is possible). The windshield washer consists of a polyethylene tank with an electric pump installed in the engine compartment, a washer nozzle located on the hood, and flexible connecting hoses. The pump motor is turned on by pulling the right stalk switch towards you. The defective pump is replaced. Clogged nozzles can be blown in the opposite direction or cleaned with a fishing line.

You can get a good stain on the window not only when it is damp and dirty outside, but even when it is warm and sunny and the weather does not bode well. At such moments, it may even be necessary to stop urgently to clean the windshield, and maybe the rear window for better visibility.

So, the washer is designed so that in any weather a jet of water can wet the window, so that the wiper brushes will easily remove dirt. If you do this without first cleaning the glass, then there is a risk of damaging it with scratches. And this, as you know, will not help anyone.

The washer mechanism consists of several main parts on which the work depends:

tank;
pump;
windshield washer tube;
windshield washer check valve;
nozzles.

The tank, as the name implies, contains water for washing. The pump and nozzles supply water to the glass. For some cars, as mentioned above, it is possible to install a rear window washer with fan nozzles. A fan jet will help protect not only the windshield, but also the rear window from bad weather.

The pump also consists of several parts:

brushes (wipers);
gland;
wheel.

The windshield washer check valve is designed to allow water to flow to the nozzles. Then water will instantly flow to the window when the pump is running. This part is adapted to the instrument, but is not required for installation. The circuit will work without it.

Causes of the malfunction

There are such breakdowns that you can fix with your own hands, the main thing is to know the cause. We will learn about some of the possibilities for problems below (the author of the video is MitayTv).

Driver negligence

The troubleshooting scheme is simple:

If the windshield washer does not work when you give the appropriate command, the first thing to look for is the fluid in the reservoir. Perhaps it simply does not exist, because the mechanism does not respond. To remedy the situation, you should buy liquid and pour it into the tank, which in most cases is located under the hood.
If the season is winter, and on the street, on top of everything else, there is a burning frost and you recently changed the fluid, it may have frozen. To solve this problem, you need to drive the car into the box for several hours and warm it up to operating temperature. Water is best replaced with a "winter" frost-resistant liquid.

Mechanical damage

There are a few mechanical issues that are also worth highlighting:

If the fluid in the tank is checked and everything is in order with it, but the problem has not disappeared, the water may not reach the nozzles. In this case, it is advisable to check the windshield washer hose leading from the pump to the nozzles for a break. The windshield washer hose may not only be torn off, it may come off or be overstretched. And if a washer tee is installed, you need to check all three contacts.
If the nozzles are clogged, and this can happen very often when using ordinary running water from the tap. You can check the part for contamination with a stable water supply. If water flows freely through the hose, then the nozzles need to be cleaned or replaced.

Electrical breakdowns

Since the entire washer process is powered by electricity, it can be assumed that the breakdown that has occurred is due precisely to the fact that the power supply has stopped.

If the pump does not pump water and deliver it to the nozzles, the following reasons should be considered:

The fuse has blown. In the fuse box, you need to find the one that is responsible for supplying water to the windshield and diagnose for malfunctions visually and experimentally.
There was a problem in the command transmission chain from the vehicle control system to the device. If the switch is broken or the mechanism does not respond to commands in any way, there is a possibility that there are breaks in the circuit diagram. To verify the malfunction, you need to check the absence of voltage at the terminals of the pump of the device using a multimeter.
Failure of the pump itself. If water gets into the terminals, then the contacts may oxidize and the glass washer will stop working.

Photo gallery "The sequence of checking parts"

The photographs provide a scheme for checking the device.

Conclusion

The washer, as we found out, is quite an important detail for a car. This is a convenient mechanism for a safe trip of the driver and passengers, as well as a device that protects the window from dirt, dust, precipitation, scratches.

You need to look for problems in the failure of work in this way:

First of all, check the liquid in the tank of the device. If it's not there, fill it up. In winter, it is necessary to provide the windshield washer with a frost-resistant liquid.
Then carefully inspect all parts of the mechanism for damage and defects.
Check all electrics, as well as contacts, wiring, circuits and, of course, the fuse.

The windshield washer pump is a small part that is subject to more wear and tear due to constant use. This is a kind of small motor, similar to the part of toy cars, but its failure will seem like the end of the world, especially in heavy city traffic in slush or rain.

The device and principle of operation of the windshield washer

The washer is one of the important elements of the car. It keeps the windshield clean. Its use is justified in almost any weather. This is due to the fact that in the rain the window gets dirty due to passing cars, and it is also especially dirty and slushy in winter, but in the heat various insects often stick to the windshield.

The main parts of any washer are a tank, a pump and nozzles that supply water to the glass. The nozzles must be installed in such a way that the jet hits exactly in the middle of the glass. The pump, in turn, is designed to supply water. It is worth noting that in some models the water supply is at the same time provided for both the headlights and the rear window.

As mentioned above, the pump is a small motor that consists of an oil seal and an impeller. This detail is noticeably different for different car models. However, the principle of operation is the same for everyone - this is the forced supply of water or glass washer special liquid. In most cases, the tank itself or nozzles are damaged. Depending on the model of the machine, these parts can be replaced or simply repaired. However, a pump failure can lead to some confusion for motorists. After all, few people pay attention to this small detail.

Windshield washer pump - breakdowns and their causes

The failure of the pump is indicated by the cessation of the fluid supply. If a breakdown is detected, it is worth immediately starting repairs, since safety and comfort depend on the cleanliness of the windows. However, the pump may not always be the cause of the cessation of operation. Most often this happens due to:

clogging of the jets or the filter itself, to troubleshoot, it is necessary to flush the entire system, having previously disassembled it, sometimes it will be necessary to blow the washer system;
damage to the tightness of the hoses supplying water, in this case, you can simply replace the worn part with a new one;
improper connection of parts;
weak connection of the pump shaft and the motor shaft, you can fix it by fixing the parts;
failure of the motor itself, and before changing the element, you need to try to clean the brushes and all parts, as well as remove corrosion with a regular eraser.

Expert opinion

Ruslan Konstantinov

Automotive expert. Graduated from IzhGTU named after M.T. Kalashnikov with a degree in Operation of Transport and Technological Machines and Complexes. Over 10 years of professional car repair experience.

The windshield washer may not only not work at all, but also not work as it should. It is very simple to determine this: the pump is buzzing, but the washer fluid either does not reach the surface, or is sprayed in different directions. Among the main reasons are the following:

Clogged nozzles or tubes (the filter is also worth checking);
violation of tightness (tubes often dry out and fly off);
wear or breakage of nozzles or connections.

Checking the system is easy. First you need to disconnect the tube from the pump fitting, if there is good pressure, you need to examine the tubes, connectors or nozzles. Damaged tubes and connections should be replaced, and nozzles are most often simply clogged with dirt. You can clean them on the spot without removing them, using an ordinary pin or needle for this, although for convenience it is better to remove the nozzle. The main thing after adjusting the direction of the jet with the same pin.

Another common problem is when the washer stops working in winter. On most cars, the washer fluid reservoir is located in the engine compartment and often the washer fluid crystallizes and turns into porridge in harsh climatic conditions, especially when it comes to a cheap washer bought on the highway. It is not recommended to dilute such a liquid with warm water, because the liquid will freeze in the tubes, then you will have to remove them all and warm them up.

How to replace the washer pump?

If the pump breaks down, it is better to immediately replace it with a new one. Moreover, for each model of the machine, you can find an alternative part from another model that fits the tank. Many car owners will wonder how to replace the washer pump? This process is not as complicated as it might seem at first glance. You only need a screwdriver to replace the part.

When checking, the pump is allowed to turn on for 2 seconds. Over time, it may burn out. After all, it is designed to work in water.

First, the washer reservoir itself must be found in the car, it is better to refer to the instruction manual. In some models, it is visible when you simply open the hood, and in some you even have to remove the inner fender protection of the car to get to it. The stages of work are arranged approximately as follows. First you need to disconnect the wire from the negative terminal of the battery and disconnect both wire blocks from the pump motor. Then remove the tank.

The hose and fitting must be disconnected and the fluid drained. Using a screwdriver, push the intake out of the seal bushing. And now, with full confidence, remove the pump from the washer reservoir. Replace the sleeve with a new one, it is its failure that is considered a common cause of pump failure. It remains only to repeat all the steps in reverse order to assemble the washing system in its original state.

The operation of the washer depends on the serviceability of its elements; structurally, it consists of the following components and parts:

a tank located in the engine compartment of the car, it contains glass washer fluid, its volume is from 2.5 to 5 liters (read also about);
a pump equipped with nozzles, it pumps the necessary pressure, thanks to which the working fluid is supplied to the glass;
nozzles, they are set in pairs, they are jet and fan;
liquid level sensor, it is not found on all machines, most often it comes in the case of combining an optics washer and glass.

You may also be interested in the article of our specialist, which tells how to conduct.

In addition to the nodes described, the washing system has hoses, tees, tubes, o-rings, heating elements (read also how it works). That is, everything that ensures the smooth operation of the device at any time.

All of the listed elements work properly only if there is a sufficient amount of cleaning fluid in the system, if the windshield washer does not work, then its lack may be the root cause. But not only this can cause the failure of the washer.

The electric pump is activated using a special switch located under the steering wheel.

If the windshield washer does not work, it will not be difficult for an experienced driver to identify the cause of such a malfunction, and even a beginner, after familiarizing himself with the main failures in the cleaning system, will be able to independently eliminate them.

The most important reason, as mentioned above, may be the lack of washer fluid, in which case you just need to add it. If it is available, but does not splash in the winter, then perhaps it simply froze. In this case, the problem is solved in one of two ways:

warming up the motor;
fitting the car in a warm garage.

After thawing the liquid, the system will start working normally, but it is better to drain the water from the tank after that and replace it with an “anti-freeze” one.

Other significant mechanical reasons why the windshield washer does not spray include the following factors.

Clogged nozzles. Their exit can be blocked by various debris: rust, dirt or small particles. To check the correctness of the guess, you need to suspend the supply of working fluid to the nozzles, if it is in them, then the supply of “anti-freeze” will be normal. The solution to this problem lies in the replacement of atomizers.
Disconnecting the hose. It can simply fly off while driving on bumpy roads, and then the fluid supply will continue, but the headlight and windshield washer nozzle will remain dry. Sometimes this happens in cars in which the connecting fittings are located on the hood, then when it is closed, the hoses are squeezed. In any case, a deformed or torn tube must be replaced and returned to its place.

Electrical faults

After checking the fluid level, the cleanliness of the nozzles and the hose leading to them, it may turn out that all this has nothing to do with it, then the matter is in the following reasons:

Fuse blown. You will need to find the safety block and check the insert, you can find it according to the attached diagram, which is usually printed on the cover or in the car's operating instructions. After checking, if the reason is really in it, then you need to replace the damaged part
Motor failure. To establish the accuracy of a guess, you should connect a multimeter to the terminals of the motor and check the voltage when the washer is turned on. If the voltage indicator is normal, and the motor remains in idle mode, then the problem lies in it. You can determine which motor has failed by exclusion by rearranging the pump terminals from the windshield to its rear counterpart.
Washer switch malfunction. It is usually located on the steering wheel. If, after checking the voltage, it is absent, and replacing the motor with a new unit did not help, then it turns out that the windshield washer switch or relay is not working. Only an experienced auto electrician can accurately diagnose a breakdown.
Oxidation of pump terminals. During operation, they can not only oxidize, but also completely fall off, due to which the motor stops pumping liquid, in order to return everything to working condition, it is necessary to clean the oxidized terminals or replace them with new ones.

Self Troubleshooting

The main reasons for the lack of washer fluid can be eliminated with your own hands.

Their replacement and cleaning is the same and it begins with the removal of these parts, the process is as follows:

open the hood;
make sure that they have plastic plugs, if they are present, then they must be carefully dismantled;
take a flat screwdriver and open the spring fasteners to dismantle the injectors.

Installing new parts occurs in reverse order.

To flush the nozzles and release their dirt, you should prepare a special cleaning solution from non-chlorinated water and vinegar, taken in equal proportions. The mixture is well mixed, and then poured into the tank. Then you need to press the washer lever, even if the water does not reach the glass, it's okay. In order for the components of the solution to break down all the contaminants, you need to leave it in the cleaning system for 2 hours, and then press the lever again. After the dirty solution pours out of the nozzles, it is necessary to rinse the hoses with distilled water.