The solution to one well-known and painful problem is to trick the lambda probe with your own hands. (hereinafter we will call it a sensor) converts data on how much oxygen is contained in the exhaust gases into an electrical signal.

The sensor gives an electrical signal the moment it detects changes in the oxygen content. The signal is transmitted to the controller, which receives the signal and compares the received data with the indicators stored in the memory.

If the received data does not match with optimal values ​​(for the current mode), the control unit changes the injection duration accordingly. This is done to achieve maximum engine efficiency, fuel economy and reduce harmful emissions.

Manufacturers recommend that the sensor be diagnosed regularly, after about 30,000 km, and replaced after 100,000 km. Usually, manufacturers limit the service life of the lambda probe to such a mileage. Unfortunately, it cannot be repaired.

However, few motorists listen to these recommendations, and remember the sensor only when problems arise. As a result, having crossed the "anniversary" mark of 100 thousand km, many people get acquainted with an unpleasant signal check engine. The reason, most likely, was an incorrectly working sensor (well, or already broken).

A do-it-yourself lambda probe trick will be the solution to this problem, and the Check Engine signal will stop bothering you. On cars that have 2 sensors installed, one before and the second behind the catalyst.

The signals from these two sensors must be different, then the control unit regulates the injection duration according to the received signals. But if one of the sensors fails or the car owner removes the catalyst (as an option), the signals from the two sensors will begin to match in their values, which will be perceived by the control unit as an emergency mode.

The controller in this case will select the average parameters for injection control, which will eventually lead to an increase in fuel consumption with a simultaneous decrease in engine power and its unstable idling. And on the dashboard lights up check engine.

In older cars, the sensor is usually installed alone (before the catalyst).

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Mechanical type of snag

Solve this problem with the help of two types of tricks. If a mechanical type of blende is chosen, a so-called “spacer” is installed in place of the catalyst. This is a part made of bronze or heat-resistant steel, the size of the part must be strictly defined. A small hole is drilled in the spacer through which exhaust gases can enter the spacer.

Gases interact with ceramic chips placed inside the spacer. The crumb is pre-coated with a catalytic layer. As a result of this interaction, CO and CH are oxidized by oxygen, and the concentration of harmful substances at the outlet decreases.

Signals from both sensors will be different, the control unit will "see" the change in the sinusoid of the signal has changed and perceive this as a regular operation of the catalyst. This option is the most budgetary. The mechanical version is equally well suited for almost any car, domestic or imported, on which the sensor is screwed.

Electronic spoof

Electronic deception is much more difficult. Now we are not talking about those "self-made" methods that advanced motorists practice. They solder the circuit themselves and make it with one capacitor or one resistor. Quite high-tech devices are sold (this is already an emulator) with a microprocessor.

These devices able to ensure the correct operation of the control unit, and not just deceive it. The microprocessor installed in such an emulator is able to assess the state of exhaust gases, analyze the situation with processing the signal from the first sensor, and then generate a signal that corresponds to the signal from the second normally operating sensor with a working catalyst.

flashing

In addition to two types of decoys The problem is also solved by flashing the control unit. The meaning of flashing is that the control unit, due to the flashing algorithm, ceases to take into account the signal from the sensor installed after the catalyst, and focuses in its work only on the signal from the first one installed before the catalyst.

However, it should be borne in mind that it is almost impossible to find factory firmware, because they do not meet modern European environmental standards. It remains to turn to a familiar specialist (a well-known specialist!), Who, with the help of changes in the program, will turn off the polling of the second sensor by the control unit and get a high-quality snag of a lambda probe with his own hands.

You can, of course, buy firmware via the Internet or on the market, but in this case, all the risks of possible damage to the engine will become your sole concern. Because you are buying a pig in a poke.

Automakers are required to install special control devices in cars to reduce the level of harmful compounds in exhaust gases in order to comply with environmental safety standards. There are catalytic convectors in almost every car, they convert and burn carbon and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust, thereby reducing their percentage. The lambda probe in the design of such a device is an invariable part. In what cases is a snag on a lambda probe useful, how to install it and what consequences to expect?

The oxygen sensor sends information to the on-board computer, which monitors the composition of the mixture, since the concentration of harmful emissions directly depends on the completeness of combustion of the fuel. Since the operating conditions of cars in our country are quite harsh due to the condition of the roads and the poor quality of gasoline, the catalyst often breaks down along with the lambda probe.

Broken parts must either be changed, or a snag of a lambda probe installed, repairs are irrelevant.

The oxygen sensor is presented as an electronic device, the key purpose of which is to accumulate information about the amount of oxygen in the car's exhaust. The information received is sent to a computer unit that analyzes them and forms the optimal composition of the combustible mixture, adjusting the oxygen balance in it. The installation location of the lambda probe is in front of the catalyst on the exhaust pipe or immediately on the outlet manifold.

The galvanic cell acts as a working device of the oxygen sensor; it has a solid ceramic electrolyte based on zirconium dioxide. It has spongy platinum electrodes and is doped with yttrium oxide. Each electrode has its own purpose: one measures the oxygen content in the exhaust gases, the other in the environment. Due to this difference, when the sensor is heated to +300 degrees Celsius, an output voltage is formed on it.

Failure of the element in question leads to the absence of incoming information for the controller, it is possible to receive false data, therefore, the fuel mixture is formed incorrectly.

Consequences:

• critical error message;
• increase in the concentration of harmful impurities in the exhaust;
• loss of power from the engine;
• excess fuel consumption.

Second lambda probe

For some cars, two oxygen sensors are the norm. The first is traditionally mounted on the downpipe or in the manifold, the installation site of the second is exclusively a catalytic converter. The main task of the additional sensor is to determine the percentage of oxygen in the gases leaving the catalyst.

Since in the event of a breakdown of the lambda probe, the driver experiences discomfort while driving, and buying a new element is not always possible, it is permissible to make an oxygen sensor snag yourself.

Types of homemade tricks

To understand the principle of the emulator, it is worth considering each variety separately, since the snag of the lambda probe works differently in each case. The key purpose of the emulator is to "cheat" the car's ECU if the catalytic converter is broken. The trick gives a signal about the optimal operation of the catalyst and the permissible oxygen content in the exhaust. So, consider three ways to deceive the electronics of a modern car.

Controller flashing

The only requirement in this case is to use the services of a specialist if you are not strong in electronics. The use of the method is advisable in the event of a breakdown of both the sensor and the catalyst. It is necessary to electronically disable the oxygen sensor by entering the appropriate program. Further, the appropriate changes are made and, if everything is done correctly, the dashboard will no longer display a message about critical malfunctions. In this case, the motor will function in the standard manner without a lambda probe. The main problem with this method is that if you do something wrong, the computer will no longer work optimally. Only factory firmware can fix this, which is expensive and in general it is not so easy to get it.

Making a do-it-yourself lambda probe in a mechanical version is much easier. In fact, this is just a spacer, called a sleeve, it is installed in the area between the probe itself and the place where the sensor is fixed. We are talking about the surface of the collector or the receiving pipe. For the manufacture of the sleeve, bronze or high quality thermally resistant steel is used. Visually, this is a hollow cylinder, inside which contains crushed ceramic chips. A thin axial hole and thread are located on the side of the spacer to which the exhaust system element is fixed.

As for the implementation of this method, it is necessary to change the position of the sensor so that it is further from the receiving pipe or manifold. After passing through a thin hole, the exhaust gases will fall to a small extent on the ceramic chips, where they will enter into an oxidation reaction under the influence of the temperature factor. Of course, the content of harmful substances will be significantly reduced. Given the fact that this method involves, to some extent, deception of the sensor, the expediency of its use is observed only in the event of a catalyst breakdown. The latter must be replaced with a flame arrester or completely removed from the exhaust system.

You can make a mechanical overlay yourself without any extra effort if you have the skills of a turner. Prepare a blank of bronze or steel, a lathe and a diagram of the part with the necessary parameters. If turning skills are not your thing, just buy a finished part or order with the specified parameters. The cost of the finished version can vary in the range of 200 - 800 rubles - it all depends on the complexity of the product and its variety.

As for the further installation of the purchased or hand-made part, there will be no problems in this case, even if you do not have special skills. Find where the oxygen sensor is located, disconnect it, remove and install the sleeve in its place. Next, simply screw the sensor into the spacer and connect the modified design to the network.

More complex from a technological point of view, the device is an electronic snag of a lambda probe. The expediency of its use is also observed in similar cases of failure of factory parts. The secret of functionality lies in the conversion of the signal from the sensor into a signal with the characteristics corresponding to the optimal operation of the catalyst.

Connect the snag directly to the wires going from the probe to the controller.

A programmable microprocessor often acts as the basis for this kind of snag, but you can assemble an elementary interpretation yourself if you know how to use a soldering iron. The relevance of using the emulator described below is observed when the second sensor fails, the location of which falls on the zone after the catalyst. This option is extremely primitive at first glance, but in practice its performance has been repeatedly proven. Prepare the following materials:

• soldering kit, including everything you need;
• resistor with a resistance of 1 MΩ;
• a non-polar capacitor with a capacitance of 1 uF.

Traditionally, the electronic blende of the second lambda probe has two black, also white and blue wires.

The installation sequence of the snag is as follows:

1. At the initial stage of work, the ground wire must be completely disconnected from the battery.
2. We don’t need black ones, just break the blue conductor and install a resistor in place of the break.
3. Connect the blue and white wires through the capacitor.
4. The area under the connector is the best place to install such a homemade emulator. This could be the engine compartment, the area under the dashboard, or between the front seats.

As mentioned earlier, if you can’t do it yourself, buy a ready-made one. Their variety is quite large, the range and prices in Moscow are as follows:

1. An electronic version or a catalyst emulator will cost 1,500 rubles, while an additional 500 rubles will have to be paid for installing the part in question.
2. In the region of 1,400 rubles there is a corner snag.
3. The fake of the second sensor, equipped with a metal mini-catalyst, costs about 1,150 rubles and is suitable for cars with Euro-4 standards.
4. A classic mechanical sleeve from FortLuft will cost 500 rubles. Such a part is not equipped with a mini-catalyst and is suitable for cars up to 2001 of release.

Negative consequences

Remember that choosing to install an emulator is always a risk. Incorrect installation can lead to various kinds of malfunctions:

• sensors are irreparably damaged;
• there are numerous errors in the functioning of the on-board computer;
• improperly soldered circuit leads to problems with the controller and electrical wiring;
• if the on-board computer does not correctly regulate the injection, the engine may work with significant disturbances.

Be careful and clean when working with electronics. A breakdown can occur even due to minimal inaccuracies, therefore, impeccable following of the instructions is, in this case, the key to success. As for the acquisition, you should not trust dubious sites, since the parts purchased there either do not bring the expected result, or do not work well.

The ecology of our planet does not perceive such tricks in the best way, so it is better to purchase and install new parts if they are out of order. Think of the emulator as a temporary solution and try to avoid catalytic converter failure.

• give preference only to high-quality fuel;
• avoid deep puddles so that the heated catalyst is not subjected to sudden cooling;
• discard questionable fuel additives from unknown manufacturers;
• undergo maintenance regularly;
• avoid mechanical damage to the case.

To date, the quality of domestic gasoline leaves much to be desired. All those impurities that are very often added lead to a number of breakdowns and violations. And one of the main breakdowns is a malfunction of the lambda probe or catalyst. And the replacement of the catalyst costs motorists a tidy sum, which leads to the fact that they often knock out the ceramic catalyst themselves. But this leads to another problem - the Check Engine signal appears on the dashboard, which indicates the absence of a catalyst. For many, this light bulb annoys and even distracts the attention of drivers, which can lead to sad results.

But very often, motorists themselves make mistakes that lead to damage to the sensors. Here is an example of the most common:

1. Use of fuel, the brand of which does not match the engine;

2. When attaching sensors, the use of sealants, which include silicone; or those that reduce their plasticity at room temperature;

3. Multiple unsuccessful engine starts in a short period of time;

Interesting to know! On professional SUVs, the exhaust pipe is brought up not for the sake of beauty, but for practical purposes. After all, if the exhaust looks up, then the car passes through mud or a deep ford without drawing moisture into the pipe.

If we take cars that comply with the EURO-4 environmental standard, then they have two lambda probes (hereinafter referred to as the sensor): the first is in front and the second is behind the catalyst. And, as a rule, it is the second of the sensors that most often fails. The signals received from these sensors must be different. But if the owner of the car removed the catalyst or replaced it with a flame arrester, or, more likely, one of the sensors needs to be replaced, then the signals received from these two sensors will begin to match, which will lead to the activation of the emergency mode. And this, in turn, leads to the fact that the controller will select the average parameters for injection. That is, fuel consumption increases, and at the same time, engine power decreases, instability appears in its idling. Well, on the dashboard lights up Check Engine.

It is interesting! In one American city, a competition was recently held, according to the rules of which the participants had to identify the brand of a sports car by sound. "Easy!" you say? And with closed eyes? In total, about 150 cars took part in the competition, and the sounds of Ferrari and Subaru became the leaders of identification!

If the car is older, then the sensor, as a rule, is installed only one. It is located in front of the catalytic converter. This is interesting: the very first oxygen sensor was a part that was a very sensitive element, not equipped with a heater. It was heated by exhaust gases, and therefore this process took time.

One of the solutions to this problem is a snag of a lambda probe, which you can do yourself, and it will cost less than buying a new sensor. In total, there are three types of lambda probe blende:

mechanical

Electronic

flashing

Mechanical type of snag

If you have chosen a mechanical type of snag, then instead of a catalyst, a so-called “spacer” is installed, or, as it is also called, a sleeve. Place it between the exhaust pipe and the sensor. The size of this part, as you can see in the drawing of the lambda probe blende, is strictly defined, and it is made of bronze or heat-resistant steel.

A small hole with a diameter of 2 mm is drilled in the spacer, through which exhaust gases will enter the spacer. A ceramic crumb is placed inside the spacer, which is pre-coated with a catalytic layer. As a result of the interaction of exhaust gases with ceramic chips, oxidation occurs, which leads to a decrease in the concentration of harmful substances at the outlet. This will lead to the fact that the data from both sensors will be different, and the control unit will take this as normal operation of the catalyst.

In order to install the spacer yourself, you need to perform a few simple steps. It is necessary to drive the car into a pit / overpass and disconnect the negative terminal. Then we find the sensor and unscrew it. Next, connect the negative terminal and start the engine. If after that the electronic control unit gives an error, repeat the procedure again. This variant of blende is the most economical.

This type of blende is great for all cars: both domestic and imported. This is interesting: according to research by the British insurance company Churchill, a straight-through muffler increases the power of a car by an average of 5%, but at the same time worsens the driver's hearing by 2-3% over a year of intensive use of the car.

Electronic type of snag

Making an electronic type snag is already much more difficult. The most advanced motorists independently solder the circuit and make a snag using one resistor or one capacitor. For the simplest electronic snag, you will need:

- capacitor (non-polar) K10-17B imp., capacity 1uF Y5V, +/-20%, 1206 (Item number: 759300515)

Resistor (resistance) C1-4imp. 0.25 W, 5% 1 MΩ (P/N: 51741)

soldering iron

Solder, rosin, electrical tape

Electronic snag is installed on the wires that go from the sensor to the connector. On some vehicles, the connector is located in the tunnel between the driver's and passenger's seats. It can also be located both in the engine compartment and under the torpedo. This is what the connection diagram looks like.

Most often, people ask themselves the question: “Where to put the capacitor?” If you look from the connector, then the first is the capacitor, and after the resistor.

Important! Be sure to disconnect the negative terminal before starting work. When all connections are connected, they must be properly isolated. The most successful would be to place the entire circuit in a plastic box and fill it with epoxy glue.

It is best to make the connection in the place of the wire where the corrugation is easily detached, and then close the insulation with it. Also sold special devices with a microprocessor - emulators.

Important! The lambda probe emulator is not a snag. It ensures the correct operation of the control unit, and not just deceives it. The microprocessor installed in the emulator evaluates the exhaust gases and also analyzes the signal processing situation from the first sensor. And after that it generates a signal that corresponds to the signal from the second working sensor.

flashing

In addition to tricks, there is also a flashing of the control unit. The flashing consists in the fact that after it the control unit ceases to take into account the signal from the sensor installed behind the catalyst. In its work, it focuses only on the signal from the sensor installed in front of the catalyst.

It should be borne in mind that it is almost impossible to find factory firmware, since they do not meet current European environmental standards. Alternatively, you can turn to a well-known specialist who, with the help of some changes in the program, will turn off the reception of signals from the second sensor by the control unit, resulting in a catalyst blende.

You can also order / buy firmware via the Internet or on the market, but then all the responsibility falls on your shoulders, because you are actually buying a “pig in a poke”, since poor-quality firmware can lead to serious engine damage.

First electronic way:_

It is a snag that generates a constant voltage corresponding to the average readings after the oxygen concentration sensor. But such a method of struggle consists only in not. And only on some older car models it allows you to deceive the engine control unit regarding the health of the catalyst.

Second electronic way:_

Quite common, it is an "emulator", which consists of a resistance and a capacitor. Such a snag averages the readings of the oxygen sensor located after the catalyst. This option is applicable to a wider range of cars, but in fact it is not much different from the previous option. It also causes the fuel mixture to become too rich. Therefore, the car will not drive badly, but an increased layer of soot will appear in the exhaust tract, which indicates that not everything is so smooth, and it will also appear on many cars.

Third electronic way:_

Microprocessor catalyst emulator. A fairly common lambda trick. But there is some difficulty in installation and configuration. But such a device, due to a programmable transfer characteristic, makes it possible to ensure the correct operation of the engine control system.

Mechanical first option:_

Spacer for lambda probe. It is a tube (screw) 50-100 mm long, on one side a sensor is screwed in, and on the other there is a small hole to limit the circulation of exhaust gases. Thus, it turns out that the gas mixture is averaged, since the sensor is removed away from the exhaust gases, and accordingly, it receives less untreated gases and due to this it is possible to deceive the engine control system. In fact, it is the mechanical equivalent of the previous one. The difference is that there is a drawback - the length of the spacer-receiver may not allow it to be screwed into the regular place of the probe and you have to weld the nut in another place in the exhaust pipe, but strictly at an angle of 45? top down.

Mechanical second option:_

Perhaps the most acceptable and common of all the above is a spacer for a lambda probe with a built-in miniature catalytic element. The built-in platinum-rhodium catalytic element of increased efficiency, capable of operating at lower temperatures, provides an exhaust gas composition at the sensor equivalent to that passed through the standard catalyst. The only disadvantage can be considered that the standard probe also rises, although not as in the previous version by 50-100 mm, but only by 32 mm, but still sometimes installing a probe with a spacer turns out to be problematic. Despite all the complexity, it is very simple. After installing the catalyst spacer, you can

The tightening of environmental control, the emergence of new Euro standards for car engines applies to almost all cars in Russia. Only older models do not experience problems with the exhaust system.

Reasons for installing a snag lambda probe

Catalysts are installed on all passenger cars built according to standards starting with Euro-2. Without touching on the designs of catalysts (magnetic striction, ceramic, chemical), it should be noted that a device designed for cleaning exhaust gases is one of the expensive components of a car.

Natural wear (“catalyst burnout”) is most affected by low-quality gasoline. Tetraethyl lead, which gets into gasoline at domestic gas stations, burns the catalytic layer of the gas converter very quickly. The electronic control unit (ECU) of the engine reacts to a malfunction of the catalyst by switching the engine to emergency mode. The inscription “check”, familiar to drivers, lights up on the dashboard and a re-enriched fuel mixture is supplied to the cylinders. Engine power drops, spark plug deposits increase, engine oil becomes contaminated, and friction of parts increases.

Installing a new catalyst, recommended by automakers as the only troubleshooting measure, can cost the car owner from 10,000 rubles to 30,000 - 60,000 (depending on the model). You can put a new catalyst on various VAZ models for 5,000 - 10,000 rubles (with the cost of work).

A more economical option for eliminating emergency mode has become a snag of a lambda probe, which device manufacturers often call more delicate names “electronic emulator”, “controller”, “spacer”, “sensor corrector”, “mini-catalyst”.

The essence of the device is simple. Not responding to a catalyst failure, the device changes the readings of oxygen monitoring sensors (lambda probes) installed at the catalyst inlet and outlet. In this case, the catalyst can be cut out and replaced with a flame arrester. For the first lambda probe, snags are not used. Its indicators serve as a benchmark by which the ECU determines the effectiveness of the catalyst. The coincidence of indicators (when the catalyst is removed) is perceived by the electronics as a malfunction of the gas converter.

Ways to change the readings of the second lambda probe

There are several ways to influence the performance of the second lambda probe. Domestic inventors use:

1. Mechanical spacers (metal bushings).
2. Electronic circuits that convert the sensor signal.
3. Chipovka (flashing the ECU program).
4. Installation of a mini-catalyst simulating the operation of a working gas neutralizer.

the simplest mechanical spacer can be made by any turner. The metal sleeve moves the lambda probe away from the exhaust tract. A small exhaust hole weakens the sine wave of readings, the electronic brain of the engine considers this to be the result of a working catalyst.

A typical spacer drawing can vary in size, depending on the model, car brand, lambda probe thread. The key point is the size of the inlet. The experiments of car owners, "craftsmen" showed that the optimal diameter is 1.5 - 2 mm.

The reviews of motorists who put snags from various metals (simple steel, stainless steel, bronze) do not see much difference in the efficiency of the device, which is hinted at by the part manufacturers. The bronze mechanical bushing does not create a catalytic effect as described in the promotional materials. You can install a metal spacer with your own hands. To do this, just unscrew the oxygen sensor, screw in its place the sleeve into which the lambda probe is installed.

A more complex option to simulate the normal operation of the gas converter will be installation of a mini-catalyst. Three layers of catalytic elements are mounted in the body of the device installed in front of the lambda probe, which filter exhaust gases specifically for the sensor. Repeating the design of the main catalyst, an expensive device also painfully reacts to low-quality fuel.

Electronic snag built on changing the electrical signal from the sensor. A wiring diagram using a single resistor or capacitor is quite simple. You can make it yourself with the help of one soldering iron, if you have the skills of radio engineering, electrical installation. The difficult moment of installation will be the search for the necessary resistors, the experimental selection of their parameters (depending on the car model, sensor design).

More difficult issue with flashing(chipovka) control programs. Service specialists say that this is an unusually complicated procedure. Programming machine owners talk about changing a single value in a program. In this case, the second sensor can be removed. In any case, independent experiments of amateurs with flashing the program are not recommended.

Fake manufacturers, installation prices

Manufacturers of spare parts for tuning offer to buy snags of all types, to flash the electronic unit. The production of simulators of the normal operation of the catalyst has been established on an industrial scale. From various metals (bronze, chrome steel), options are made for angular, universal reinforced (for motors with a volume of more than 2.5L) mechanical spacers.

Video: How to make a snag lambda probe

The price of simple mechanical devices ranges from 400 to 700 rubles, the standard installation cost is 500 rubles. Mini-catalysts are sold for 1400 - 4000 rubles. Electronic circuits are produced under the name "lambda probe emulator", they cost 1500 - 2500 rubles. A significant increase in the price of electronic circuits is often unjustified, depending on the packaging of the device in a beautiful case, the introduction of several resistors, capacitors into the design to increase the solidity of the device. The prices of flashing also vary, which can be done for a thousand rubles or fifty dollars.

It should be noted that the use of decoys does not affect the actual toxicity of exhaust gases. The decision on the replacement of the catalyst, the installation of blende depends on your financial capabilities, the degree of concern about the environmental situation.

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Whatever the expensive and modern car, the convenience and comfort of movement primarily depend on the operation of the suspension on it. This is especially acute on domestic roads. It's no secret that the most important part of a suspension is the shock absorber. ...

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