Gas can be applied both on petrol and on diesel engines. Gasoline will not surprise anyone, but diesel is a rather interesting design. It has a very high compression ratio, a conventional gasoline engine would detonate at the same time. But for gas, everything is fine, because it has a high octane number, which means that it easily ignites without detonation at a high compression ratio.

Another feature of such an engine is that the diesel does not have candles, and the gas must be ignited somehow. ate this problem by injecting a small amount of solarium. As a result, such an engine turns out to be, as it were, dual-fuel - it runs on gas, but ignition occurs due to the injection of diesel fuel.

Equipment classification

Types of gas

Gas equipment differs in the type of gas used - it can be compressed methane gas, which is in a cylinder under high pressure, and it can be liquefied propane / butane gas, which is in a cylinder in a liquid state. A gas becomes liquid when it reaches a certain pressure and is constantly in that state.

Equipment development

It is also customary to distinguish gas equipment by generations - from the 1st to the 6th. That's right, because gasoline delivery systems have been constantly evolving all this time, from a simple carburetor to direct injection into the cylinder. Accordingly, the gas for such engines must be injected in the same way so that the engine does not lose its characteristics.

When connecting gas equipment, it is important both to connect the gas itself and to the gas supply control system.

Gas supply. HBO connection diagram.

This diagram shows the following components of HBO:

1. gas cylinder
2. Multivalve
3. filling device
4. gas reducer
5. Filter
6. Gas nozzles on the ramp
7. Gas control unit
8. Gas/petrol switch

We install gas equipment.

Gas injectors are placed on the engine. The fittings cut into and wind into the intake manifold, and gas pipes from the nozzles go to the fittings, through which a metered portion of gas enters. The ramp with gas injectors is usually attached not far, 15-20 centimeters from the fittings, the injectors are located on the ramp. Gas must be supplied to the rail from the reducer, purified through a filter.

Gas from the reducer goes to the gas nozzles, after the reducer the gas passes through the filter and is cleaned of impurities.

The gearbox must be heated, because when the gas changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, it cools, and the gearbox will be covered with frost. Therefore, it is connected to the engine cooling system and the transition to gas is carried out only when the engine warms up to 30 degrees. This was before the 4th generation of HBO. In HBO systems of the 5th generation, the gas enters in a liquid state, and the transition to the gaseous state occurs after the nozzle is injected, so the gearbox does not need to be heated and the engine can be started on gas.

HBO electronics connection diagram

Now that the gas is connected, the control electronics must be connected.

The main control unit here, of course, controls the entire system.

It receives an incoming signal from the sensors and outputs a signal about the opening / closing of the injectors.

The input signal comes from the following sensors:

• Engine speed sensor (crankshaft sensor)
• Oxygen sensor (λ-probe)
• Signal from petrol injectors
• Reducer temperature sensor (helps you know when to switch to gas)
• Gas/petrol switch
• Fuel level sensor.

The gas itself turns on when the gearbox warms up to a certain temperature, it cannot be forcibly turned on if HBO of 4 generations and above is used, you can only switch it to forced operation on gasoline, or to automatic mode, then the computer will choose which fuel to work on. When the gas runs out, the system automatically switches to gasoline.

Do-it-yourself HBO installation is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. Today we will superficially talk about the installation stages and try to identify the most important difficulties that appear during the installation of the structure.

1. Choosing the right kit

Nowadays, there are quite a few manufacturers of HBO kits, so it will not be difficult to purchase the entire kit at once. The most famous brands are very reliable and produce quality goods. An example of quality can be a brand.

If you want to save money, then you can buy components in discord. But with this choice, it is better to consult with a specialist. Often, when buying equipment items separately, owners are faced with injector calibration problems due to their incompatibility with the HBO ECU. Buying equipment that was already in use is not worth it, with the exception of, perhaps, the computer. When choosing a set of equipment, be guided by the principle of safety.

After choosing a set of equipment, it becomes necessary to properly install it on the car. During the installation of the gearbox, you have to make holes in the car body, so they should be treated with anticorrosive. It is better to install the gearbox in such a way that it has free access. In the future, such an installation will help in the maintenance of the gearbox. We described in detail how to install the reducer in.

3. We choose the place and method of mounting the computer

The electronic control unit must be securely fixed in the engine compartment or in the car. You should also take into account the correct laying of the cable, and perform it in such a way that during the operation of the car there are no short circuits. The diagnostic connector from the computer should be removed in such a way that it is convenient to connect a computer to it. The ECU itself does not require direct access to itself, so it can be located anywhere.

4. Fixing the gas nozzles

Do-it-yourself HBO installation also involves the installation and fastening of gas nozzles. Most often, they purchase a ready-made design of nozzles on a ramp and attach it. Mounting method depends on the model of gas injectors. If you want to save money, then Valtek nozzles are best for you, read more about them. And read about how to install nozzles on a car and insert fittings into the manifold.

5. Installation of the cylinder and other equipment

The gas cylinder is installed under the bottom, in place of the spare tire or behind the rear seats in the car. It depends on both the car model and the shape of the gas bottle. A multivalve should be installed in the cylinder, how to do it yourself is described. Where the filling valve will be located, everyone decides for himself. The most common option is to install:

• under the bottom of the car;
• in the bumper
• in the fuel filler cap.

The cylinder itself must be rigidly fixed in order to avoid its movement in emergency situations.

6. Line laying

We described what types of gas pipelines are and which one is best to give preference to. If funds allow, then a thermoplastic line will be the best choice. If the budget is limited, you can stop at copper. The tube itself is let in next to the brake line and securely fixed. The joints are washed and checked for possible leakage.

After deciding to transfer their vehicle to gas fuel and, car owners have the opportunity to recoup the equipment much faster. A great way to reduce costs when installing 4th generation HBO is to do it yourself.

In order to qualitatively mount gas equipment on a machine, you will need a certain set of equipment and tools:

• HBO set 4;
• with clamps 60-80cm long Ø4-5mm and Ø12mm 50-100cm (for 4 cylinder engine); 40-70cm vacuum tube Ø6mm; cooling system hose with two metal tees corresponding to the size of the inlet / outlet on the gearbox - selected individually for the car;
• thermoplastic gas tube of the required length (copper or aluminum can be used);
• auto tools;
• drill and / or screwdriver;
• drills (Ø4.8mm, crown 30mm);
• tap 6mm;
• electrical tape, heat shrink tube, building hair dryer;
• soldering iron (materials for soldering wiring);
• multimeter;
• metal clamps / brackets with self-tapping screws (for attaching lines under the bottom);
• a can of anti-corrosion treatment or car enamel;
• intake manifold gasket.

You will also need a lift / overpass or viewing hole.

How to connect all elements of the gas system

Each 4th generation HBO kit must contain a connection diagram for an injection car, according to which the system is installed. For different manufacturers, it may differ slightly (for example, an electrical diagram), but the general installation principle for all types of gas-balloon equipment is the same.

Schematic diagram of the installation of HBO 4

The installation process begins from the engine compartment. To begin with, it is desirable to secure the paintwork of the car by covering the lining and fenders with a rag material. Remove battery terminals.

Proper installation of gas injectors

Conclusion

At first glance, the independent installation of fourth-generation gas-balloon equipment may seem quite complicated, but if you look at it, everything is much simpler than it seems. The time spent on installation will be no more than one day. The cost of installing HBO in a specialized center often exceeds the price of the equipment itself, so connecting equipment with your own hands is not a bad idea at all, but there are certain nuances.

Consider the basic installation rules based on the electrical connection diagram of the TE-PM gas computer.

Connection common wire (ground) gas computer should be connected to the standard connection of the ground wires to the car body. As an alternative, it is possible to connect the common wire to the negative of the battery. The positive wire through the fuse is connected to the car's power circuit, where + 12V appears when the ignition is turned on. It is very convenient to use the positive wire of petrol injectors for this. In most cases, when the ignition is turned off, the plus does not disappear immediately. In this case, the control button continues to work. This is perfectly acceptable. It is highly undesirable, to connect to the plus, to use the plus of the ignition system. It has a low current and contains significant voltage ripple, leading to interference. Some gas computers, such as TE-STREAM, also have a second power cable. It connects to the battery positive.

Connection to petrol injectors can be through standard connectors (BOSCH standard or Japanese) or directly into the break of control circuits (shown in the diagram). With connectors, these works are carried out faster, with a direct connection it is much neater and more beautiful. Especially when the tie-ins are made in the bundle at a distance from the nozzles themselves. In “Japanese” connectors there is no single standard for the location of the plus and the control wire. Therefore, you will have to deal with this as well. The harnesses of our (TE) computers can be either with or without connectors. This is determined in advance and discussed with our local partners.

Connection to gas nozzles usually doesn't cause problems. The main thing is that the number of the connection channel to a specific gasoline injector matches the number of the gas injector. The order in which the cylinders are counted in the engine does not matter. Gas temperature sensor and the outlet for the MAP (cross) is located in the immediate vicinity of the gas train. Sometimes this sensor is located on the ramp itself (OMVL), then the crosspiece can be omitted.

Wire connection to lambda probe is optional. All auto-calibrations and collection of map points will take place normally. Connection is necessary only for visual observation, to analyze the operation of the system. Connection to wide-range lambdas is not provided. In V-shaped engines, one of the two lambda probes should be connected.

Level sensor can be high-resistance (0-30kOhm) and low-resistance (0-90Ohm). Two-wire, resistive. For other types of sensors, an additional power cable is required.

Wires go to gearbox. gas and temperature valve. The blue wire is connected to one terminal of the valve and at the same time this wire is pulled to the multivalve valve. The second terminal of the valves is connected to the nearest ground. The reducer temperature sensor is connected via a connector or directly via soldering wires.

Do not confuse the connection of connectors MAC sensor and diagnostic connector. The diagnostic connector wire is much shorter than the MAC sensor wire. In some computers, a control button cable can also be connected to the diagnostic connector. At the same time, the gas computer can work with only one device: either with a button or with a diagnostic adapter.

Rising fuel prices are forcing most ordinary motorists and experienced motorists to think about finding an alternative that allows them to save on fuel in order to save money. One of the most profitable, cost-effective and simple options for saving money on fuel is the installation of a gas-cylinder installation.

Today you will learn: how to install HBO on a car with your own hands, what parts, spare parts are needed, feedback from car owners after installing HBO.

Today, such a service is offered at almost every service station, however, the presence of certain knowledge, minimal experience and direct hands will help save money and install HBO with your own hands, without resorting to the help of specialists. To date, one of the most stable installations is HBO 4 generations. Most experts advise installing this setting.

Do-it-yourself HBO installation step by step

Do-it-yourself HBO installation is carried out in several stages. In this article, we will look at what exactly needs to be done when installing a gas system on a car and help develop a strategy for the fastest possible installation and debugging of the system.

List of equipment for installing HBO with your own hands

1 . HBO kit. The choice of kit depends on the brand of the car. The main set consists of wires, a computer, harnesses, hoses, valves, injectors, gas temperature and pressure sensors and a reducer. In some cases, the package may differ.
2 . Gas bottle. When installing gas equipment, most motorists are trying to achieve compactness. To do this, use cylinders in the form of a torus. One of the most demanded on the modern market is the Atiker cylinder 630 by 255 mm in size, containing 54 liters of blue fuel.
3 . Multivalve. The package of modern multivalves includes the device itself, a remote system for filling cylinders and tubes.
4 . Gas level sensor. A device that connects to the computer of a gas-cylinder installation. The main task of the sensor is to display the remaining fuel in the cylinders.
5 . Universal programmer. Used for debugging and configuring the computer.
6 . Computer and CD with setup instructions. On the disk you will find firmware, instructions and diagrams.
7 . Nozzles, harnesses.
8 . Set of tools.

This is the minimum list of equipment that will be enough to install HBO with your own hands. Depending on the car, the cost of equipment may vary. In most cases, the amount depends on the brand, type, manufacturer, configuration and model of the cylinder. Installing a 4th generation HBO will cost approximately 20 thousand rubles.

In some cases, the standard configuration of HBO is not enough and the motorist has to buy:
✓ 2 copper hoses (6 and 8 mm in diameter, 1.5 and 8 m long;
✓ pressure sensor;
✓ connector for connecting the sensor to the HBO computer.

The process of installing gas equipment

When installing the cylinder, it is extremely important to carry out calculations, according to which the hole with the multi-valve should be located in the side of the car, namely, in the side of the fuel filler cap. The multivalve is mounted directly to the HBO cylinders using bolts, after which the level sensor should be installed. It is installed directly on the multivalve, depending on the particular configuration of the kit.

Next, you should install a solenoid valve that will open when an impulse is given from the “brain” of the installation. After that, it is necessary to carry out the installation of the fuel line and the device for filling gas into cylinders. In most cases, the 4th generation HBO equipment provides for two lines: the main and the filling line. To ensure them, copper tubes should be used, the fastening of which is provided by barrels and copper bolts. It is desirable to fix the VZU in close proximity to the filler neck.

Having installed the lines, it is worth checking for their tightness using a compressor. A pressure of 5-6 atmospheres must be passed through the system, checking for etching from the installed tubes.

A gearbox should be installed under the hood, the assembly of which in most cases is located near the car radiator. The gearbox outlet must be at the top and pointing forward. The gearbox itself should be placed slightly below the level at which the coolant is installed for more convenient access to the cooling system.

Having mounted the nozzles and cutting them into the manifold, you should start assembling the low pressure line, and then connect the nozzles and the gearbox using hoses from the standard HBO kit. Pressure testing should be carried out only with a filled tank.

The installation of control systems and the wiring of the central distributor can be done before and after the pressure test. Next, you should check the operation of the engine in various modes and adjust the operation of the HBO system.

Installation of LPG equipment, especially 4 generations, is a complex and time-consuming process. It must be carried out in accordance with all the norms and requirements presented in the instructions, as well as follow the recommendations from the “brain” disk. Installation of such an installation by a novice may take several weeks, but an experienced craftsman will be able to convert the car to "gas" in a matter of days.

Do-it-yourself HBO installation video