The behavior of drivers on the road is regulated by signs, traffic lights, and markings. Road signs are the simplest, most economical and convenient option. They have a number of undeniable advantages:

• cheaper cost than installing and maintaining a traffic light;
• good visibility at long distances and at night;
• unlike road markings, they are not covered with snow or flooded with water;
• their graphic design is concise and understandable;
• high information content.

Concept and history

A road sign is a standard graphic image that is installed along the road to convey information to road users.

Road signs were used back in Ancient Rome in the 3rd century. BC. On important roads, the Romans installed mileposts indicating the distance from the Roman Forum. For a long time, people have indicated the way in different ways: along the roads they made markers from branches, notches on trunks, laid stones or placed pillars. The main task was to indicate the direction and distance to the place.

Under Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich (16th century), four-meter milestones began to be installed. Later they were installed at intersections, which indicated where the road led. The boundaries of counties and their names were marked with the help of pillars. On dangerous sections of the road, gouges were installed. Quite quickly, mileposts appeared on all the main roads of the state.

Road signs first officially appeared a quarter of a century after the invention of the automobile. There were only 4 of them (intersection, barrier, double turn, embankment or ditch). They were approved at the Paris Conference in 1909. In 1968, 126 characters had already been introduced. In 1978, GOST came into force, which established 7 groups of road signs.

In Soviet times, signs were made in two ways:

• flat, painted with regular paint without backlighting;
• convex with frosted plexiglass diffusers, which were illuminated using incandescent lamps.

Today, signs do not need backlighting, as they have reflective film.

Types of road signs

Road signs are assigned numbers consisting of numbers. The first number is the number of the group to which the sign belongs; the second is the serial number of the sign in the group. They differ in shape, background color for the graphic design, and canvas color.

Signs made on a yellow background are temporary in nature and take precedence in the event of a discrepancy between the instructions and the permanent sign. Some signs have an informational function, and failure to comply with prohibitory, mandatory and priority signs may result in financial punishment or a ban on driving. Let's look at each group.

Warning

Warning signs indicate that there is a dangerous section of the road along the route. To avoid an accident, the driver can reduce the speed and be more attentive to oncoming traffic. They are usually placed where road work is being carried out or the roadway is being narrowed.

Appearance: a triangle in a red frame, with a black image on a white background (with the exception of signs for the direction of turn and approach to the railway track).

In a city or rural area, a sign warns 50 or 100 meters before a high-risk area, and beyond 150 to 300 meters. If it cannot be installed at the required distance, then a sign is installed next to the sign, which indicates how many meters away the danger zone is.

Signs indicating a railway crossing, drawbridge, or entrance to an embankment are installed outside the city or rural area.

Signs warning that road work is underway ahead or that a wild animal may run out onto the road are installed directly at the emergency site.

Priority signs

Priority signs vary in shape and color. They serve to establish the order of crossing intersections or warn of narrowing of the roadway. This group includes 13 characters.

On them, the main road is indicated by a central thick line, and the secondary road by a thin line. Signs indicate which road is considered a secondary road and which is considered a main road. Before leaving a secondary road, the driver must let vehicles that are already on the main road pass.

A sign prohibiting driving without stopping requires the driver to stop and check for obstacles. The sign is placed before the railway tracks or near the traffic police post; they can also be at traffic lights and intersections.

They are not taken into account at intersections controlled by a traffic light or traffic controller, and will be needed if the intersection is no longer controlled by them.

Prohibiting

Prohibition signs in this category include 36 signs. They are made in the form of a circle, inside of which, on a white background with a red border, a black graphic design is depicted. The exceptions are four images on a blue background and four in black and white.

They may also indicate restrictions on the weight and dimensions of the vehicle, speed, prohibition of overtaking, stopping and parking, or restrictions on movement, as well as the removal of all restrictions.

For prohibition and restriction signs, exceptions are specified for specific vehicles. Below are their numbers, as well as information about who can ignore such signs:

• 16, 3.17.1, 3.17.2, 3.17.3, 3.20, 3.24 - must be complied with by all;
• 1–3.3, 3.18.1, 3.18.2, 3.19, 3.27 – transport following the route;
• 2–3.8, 3.28–3.30 - vehicles transporting mail;
• 2, 3.3, 3.28–3.30 - driver or passenger disabled of the first or second group;
• 2, 3.3, 3.5–3.8 – vehicles serving enterprises in the area covered by this sign, or transporting residents or employees;
• 28–3.30 - taxi with activated meter.

Drivers of vehicles with working flashing lights and a siren, as well as those accompanying such vehicles during an urgent official departure, can ignore any road signs, even prohibiting ones.

The following signs are no longer valid:

• after the first intersection (except for intersections with gravel roads not designated as an intersection);
• in a city or rural area, if there is no intersection on the road, then a sign indicating the end of the boundaries of a populated area is considered overriding;
• if there is a coverage area indicator under the prohibition sign, then after covering the specified distance;
• until a sign indicating that the territory of all restrictions has ended.
• 20, 3.22 and 3.24 - up to the signs stopping them 3.21, 3.23 and 3.25.

The punishment for non-compliance with this group depends on where exactly the motorist goes. If you enter the courtyard of a residential building, it is classified as non-compliance with the requirements. And if the driver entered a one-way road, the sanctions will be 10 times higher, and the driver may be deprived of his license for a period of 4 to 6 months.

Prescriptive

Mandatory signs appear as white images on a round blue background. Their task is to indicate the direction of movement, the minimum speed, the route of passage of special equipment, etc. Mandatory signs require certain traffic participants to perform the specified actions.

Signs of special regulations

Signs of special requirements are needed to introduce or remove traffic modes, regulate one-way traffic, indicate a residential area, a pedestrian crossing, and lane priority.

Until recently, both prescriptive and special instructions signs were classified as one group of indicative signs. However, the group in question does not introduce one requirement, but several at once.

They are all either square or rectangular. Images are presented on a white, blue or green background.

The effect of signs 5.27, 5.29, 5.31 and 5.33 does not end at intersections, but applies to all streets, as well as nearby areas. The regulations are valid until the canceling signs.

Information

Information signs are designed to provide an understanding of the location of populated areas and important objects for motorists, as well as established or desired traffic modes.

The signs are square or rectangular with a blue border. The image can be black or white. The background of this type of sign also carries a semantic meaning:

• green – objects are located on a highway;
• blue – objects are located on country roads;
• white - objects are located within the settlement.;
• yellow - indicates the organization of a detour in case of work on a section of the roadway.

Service marks

Service signs inform you of the location of the corresponding points and other significant places: hotels, hospitals, cafes, gas stations. These signs are also installed at or near turns to the facility.

This group can be identified by a white square with an image in a blue rectangle. If necessary, clarifying information is written at the bottom of the index.

Additional information signs

Most additional information signs are rectangular in shape with a black image on a white background. They are attached under the corresponding sign to which they belong.

If the additional sign contradicts the main one, then the driver must follow the instructions of the temporary sign, and if it does not contradict the permanent sign, then the requirements of both signs are observed.

Such signs are necessary when carrying out repair work, holding mass cultural events, in the event of emergency situations, and in places of road accidents. At the same time, the current traffic organization changes, and temporary signs notify drivers of the new order.

There are no penalties for failure to comply with the instructions of additional signs. Accordingly, the punishment is imposed taking into account the stationary sign that is located above it.

Most of the images on traffic signs are intuitive, although some will have to be learned. On average per 1 km. There are 4 traffic signs on the road, and on the Federal Highway there are 7. Therefore, it is very important to know them all, without exception, in order to avoid not only material costs, but also to save lives. The cause of more than 90% of incidents is non-compliance with traffic rules.

Even if you are not a driver and such a joyful event as obtaining a driver’s license is not expected in the near future, knowledge of road signs will not be superfluous. Moreover, they form an important part of the rules of the road traffic system and apply equally to all its participants.

Basically, road signs are presented in the form of standardized graphic designs and are located either along roads or in places with a large number of people, for example, in a pedestrian crossing or subway. In addition, these are the main assistants in correct orientation on the roads and in the area.

Classification of road signs

The structure of road signs is clearly systematized and divides signs into eight groups, depending on their functions and semantic commonality.

So, the main types of signs are:

• warning;
• priority;
• prohibiting;
• prescriptive;
• particularly prescriptive;
• informational and indicative;
• service;
• additionally informative.

Each of these groups has its own characteristics and specific application.

1. Warning signs. Shape: red triangle with white background. Well visible from afar. These signs are the safest and most useful because they are not restrictive or prohibitive. Their main function is notification of dangerous sections of the road, the nature of the potential threat and traffic difficulties, and warning against road accidents. Numbering starts with the number “1”.
2. Priority signs. They come in different shapes and colors. There are only thirteen of them and therefore do not cause difficulties in remembering. A feature of priority signs is the determination of the priority right to cross roadways, intersections and narrow sections of roads. This group of signs includes: main road, movement without stopping is prohibited, priority of oncoming traffic, etc. Numbering starts with the number “2”.
3. Prohibition signs. Mostly round in shape with a black pattern on a white background and a serial number of category “3”. Meaning: prohibition of certain actions on the road, introduction or cancellation of traffic restrictions. The most famous: “brick” (entry prohibited), prohibition of parking or stopping, overtaking, speed limit, etc.
4. Mandatory signs. Also round in shape, but with white designs on a blue field. Group numbering starts with the number “4”. Function: indicating the direction of movement on certain sections of the road, limiting the minimum speed, warning about subsequent prohibition signs.
5. Special instructions signs. Group numbering starts with “5”. Few, but very significant. They combine elements of prohibitory and prescriptive signs. Meaning: entering or canceling some traffic modes, adjusting one-way traffic flow, designating a residential area, pedestrian crossing, priority of road lanes, and so on. Fines for violating these sign requirements directly depend on their type and range.
6. Information and directional signs. In the shape of a square or rectangle with a blue border and a white/black design on a blue/white background. The serial number of the group is “6”. Responsible for informing all road users about populated areas, the nature of the road, the location of transport lanes, established travel modes and related recommendations.
7. Service marks. The shape and color are the same as the information ones. The numbering starts with the number “7”. Function: information about various services and facilities - hotels, gas stations, campsites, cafes, etc. Signs are located at turns to the service location or directly next to them. Like category “6” signs, service signs also have exclusively informative value.
8. Additional information signs. Presented in the form of rectangular plates with a black border and a pattern on a white background. The main purpose is to complement and clarify the actions of road signs from other categories. Never used on their own.

Road and children

With the help of this video, your child will be able to learn all the traffic signs.

A separate issue is to familiarize the child with the traffic rules. After all, as you know, traffic rules are not written for children and they think little about their own safety while moving across the road. This is why teaching them basic road signs from an early age is so important.

A truly children's sign warning of their appearance from the territory of an educational and similar institution adjacent directly to the road is the sign "Careful, children!"

It belongs to the warning group and should be taken into account not only by drivers, but also by children themselves, telling them that crossing the road in a given place is prohibited. In addition, similar stickers are used on public transport intended for transporting children.

Other most common signs for children are:

Sign "Crosswalk" with a depicted zebra on it and indicating the location of the overpass of the roadway. However, the same sign, but in a red triangle, acts as a warning to the driver about approaching the crossing and the need to reduce speed. For a pedestrian, this is a clear signal that crossing the road at the location of the sign is prohibited.

Sign "Underground pedestrian crossing". It is installed at the entrance near the crossing, indicating the place of safe crossing of the street underground.

Sign “Tram/bus stop location”. Informs about the location of public transport stops and passengers' expectations.

Sign "Footpath". Indicates a road intended for pedestrians only. The general rules of behavior for pedestrians apply.

Sign "No Pedestrians". The name of the sign speaks for itself. Installed in places where traffic may be unsafe. Often used to temporarily restrict movement.

Sign "Bike Lane" clearly indicates the road exclusively for bicycles and mopeds. Moving other types of transport here is strictly prohibited. In addition, this road can also be used by pedestrians, in the absence of a sidewalk.

Sign "Bicycles are prohibited". It speaks of the impossibility of using a bicycle for movement in this place. There is danger for cyclists on the road. When introducing a child to the principles of traffic and signs, it is necessary to pay great attention to the rules of behavior in public places, when crossing the street, waiting for transport, etc.

After all, extra vigilance is a sure guarantee of his safety!

Warning signs and their meaning

The table shows the warning signs that are most often found in urban areas.

SIGN	NAME	MEANING
	"Crosswalk"	The possibility of a pedestrian appearing on the roadway. The need to reduce speed. Warning for crossing at a given point in the street.
	"Children"	Possibility of sudden appearance of children on the road.
	"Men at work"	Carrying out repair or construction road work. Probability of special. technicians, workers, holes, potholes, etc.
	"Railway crossing with barrier"	Designation of the location of the barrier when crossing the roadway with railway tracks.
	"Railway crossing without a barrier"	Absence of a barrier at the intersection of the roadway with railway tracks. Additional attention should be paid when drivers and pedestrians cross the crossing.
	"Dangerous Turns"	There are several dangerous turns on the road. The bend of the line indicates the direction of the turns.
	"Rough road"	There are various irregularities, potholes, holes, etc. on the road.
	"Slippery road"	Slippery roads due to sleet, ice, rain or wet leaves.
	"Ejection of rocky materials"	Possibility of gravel, crushed stone, etc. being thrown out from under the wheels of a vehicle due to poor-quality road surface.
	"Emergency area"	Various types of danger on this section of the road.
	"Traffic Congestion"	Possibility of congestion and traffic jams in the area covered by this sign.
	"Rotation direction"	Warning about very sharp turns on the road. The direction of the arrows indicates the orientation.

In addition, there are two special warning signs used in areas where there are embankments and bridges.

SIGN NAME MEANING

It should be remembered that ignorance of traffic rules does not relieve either drivers or pedestrians from responsibility. The latter, in case of traffic violations, are also subject to a fine.

Therefore, it is better to prevent such unpleasant situations and study the road rules and signs.

Rounding a road with a small radius or with limited visibility: 1.11.1 - to the right, 1.11.2 - to the left.

A section of the road with dangerous turns: 1.12.1 - with the first turn to the right, 1.12.2 - with the first turn to the left.

Tapering on both sides - 1.20.1, on the right - 1.20.2, on the left - 1.20.3.

Adjacent to the right - 2.3.2, 2.3.4, 2.3.6, to the left - 2.3.3, 2.3.5, 2.3.7.

It is prohibited to enter a narrow section of road if this may impede oncoming traffic. The driver must give way to oncoming vehicles located in a narrow area or the opposite entrance to it.

A narrow section of road on which the driver has advantage over oncoming vehicles.

3. Prohibition signs.

Prohibition signs introduce or remove certain traffic restrictions.

The movement of trucks and vehicle combinations with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons (if the weight is not indicated on the sign) or with a permissible maximum weight more than indicated on the sign, as well as tractors and self-propelled vehicles is prohibited.

3.5 "Motorcycles are prohibited."

3.6 "Movement of tractors is prohibited." The movement of tractors and self-propelled vehicles is prohibited.

3.7 "Moving with a trailer is prohibited."

It is prohibited to drive trucks and tractors with trailers of any type, as well as tow motor vehicles.

3.8 "The movement of horse-drawn carts is prohibited."

The movement of horse-drawn carts (sleighs), riding and pack animals, as well as the passage of livestock is prohibited.

3.9 "Bicycles are prohibited." Bicycles and mopeds are prohibited.

3.10 "Pedestrian traffic is prohibited."

3.11 "Weight limitation".

The movement of vehicles, including combinations of vehicles, the total actual weight of which is greater than that indicated on the sign, is prohibited.

3.12 "Limitation of mass per vehicle axle."

It is prohibited to drive vehicles whose actual weight on any axle exceeds that indicated on the sign.

3.13 "Height limitation".

The movement of vehicles whose overall height (with or without cargo) is greater than that indicated on the sign is prohibited.

3.14 "Width limitation". It is prohibited to drive vehicles whose overall width (laden or unladen) is greater than that indicated on the sign.

3.15 "Length limitation".

The movement of vehicles (vehicle trains) whose overall length (with or without cargo) is greater than that indicated on the sign is prohibited.

3.16 "Minimum distance limitation".

It is prohibited to drive vehicles with a distance between them less than that indicated on the sign.

3.17.1 "Customs". It is prohibited to travel without stopping at a customs office (checkpoint).

3.17.2 "Danger".

The further movement of all vehicles without exception is prohibited due to a traffic accident, accident, fire or other danger.

3.17.3 "Control". Driving through checkpoints without stopping is prohibited.

3.18.1 "Right turns are prohibited."

3.18.2 "Left turns are prohibited."

3.19 "Turning is prohibited."

3.20 "Overtaking is prohibited."

It is prohibited to overtake all vehicles except slow-moving vehicles, horse-drawn carts, mopeds and two-wheeled motorcycles without sidecars.

3.21 "End of the no-overtaking zone."

3.22 "Overtaking by trucks is prohibited."

It is prohibited for trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons to overtake all vehicles.

3.23 "End of the no-overtaking zone for trucks."

3.24 "Maximum speed limit".

It is prohibited to drive at a speed (km/h) exceeding that indicated on the sign.

3.25 "End of maximum speed limit zone."

3.26 "Sound signal is prohibited."

It is prohibited to use sound signals, except in cases where the signal is given to prevent a traffic accident.

3.27 "Stopping is prohibited." Stopping and parking of vehicles is prohibited.

3.28 "Parking is prohibited." Parking of vehicles is prohibited.

3.29 "Parking is prohibited on odd days of the month."

3.30 "Parking is prohibited on even days of the month."

When signs 3.29 and 3.30 are used simultaneously on opposite sides of the roadway, parking is permitted on both sides of the roadway from 19:00 to 21:00 (rearrangement time).

3.31 "End of the zone of all restrictions."

Designation of the end of the coverage area simultaneously for several signs from the following: 3.16, 3.20, 3.22, 3.24, 3.26 - 3.30.

3.32 "The movement of vehicles with dangerous goods is prohibited."

The movement of vehicles equipped with identification signs (information plates) “Dangerous cargo” is prohibited.

3.33 "The movement of vehicles with explosive and flammable cargo is prohibited."

The movement of vehicles transporting explosives and products, as well as other dangerous goods subject to marking as flammable, is prohibited, except in cases of transportation of these dangerous substances and products in limited quantities, determined in the manner established by special transportation rules.

Prohibition signs

Signs 3.2 - 3.9, 3.32 and 3.33 prohibit the movement of the corresponding types of vehicles in both directions.

The signs do not apply to:

3.1 - 3.3, 3.18.1, 3.18.2, 3.19, 3.27 - for route vehicles, if the route is laid out that way and cars with a blue or blue-red flashing light;

3.2 - 3.8 - for vehicles of federal postal service organizations that have a white diagonal stripe on a blue background on the side surface, and vehicles that serve enterprises located in the designated zone, and also serve citizens or belong to citizens living or working in the designated zone . In these cases, vehicles must enter and exit the designated area at the intersection closest to their destination;

3.28 - 3.30 - on vehicles of federal postal organizations that have a white diagonal stripe on the side surface on a blue background, as well as on taxis with a taximeter turned on;

3.2, 3.3, 3.28 - 3.30 - for vehicles driven by disabled people of groups I and II or transporting such disabled people.

The effect of signs 3.18.1, 3.18.2 extends to the intersection of roadways in front of which the sign is installed.

The coverage area of ​​signs 3.16, 3.20, 3.22, 3.24, 3.26 - 3.30 extends from the place where the sign is installed to the nearest intersection behind it, and in populated areas, in the absence of an intersection, to the end of the populated area. The effect of the signs is not interrupted at exit points from areas adjacent to the road and at intersections (junctions) with field, forest and other secondary roads, in front of which the corresponding signs are not installed.

The effect of sign 3.24, installed in front of a populated area indicated by sign 5.23.1 or 5.23.2, extends to this sign.

The coverage area of ​​signs may be reduced:

for signs 3.16 and 3.26 using plate 8.2.1;

for signs 3.20, 3.22, 3.24 by installing signs 3.21, 3.23, 3.25 at the end of their coverage area, respectively, or using plate 8.2.1. The coverage area of ​​sign 3.24 can be reduced by installing sign 3.24 with a different maximum speed value;

for signs 3.27 - 3.30 by installing repeated signs 3.27 - 3.30 with plate 8.2.3 at the end of their coverage area or using plate 8.2.2. Sign 3.27 can be used in conjunction with marking 1.4, and sign 3.28 - with marking 1.10, while the coverage area of ​​the signs is determined by the length of the marking line.

Signs 3.10, 3.27 - 3.30 are valid only on the side of the road on which they are installed.

4. Mandatory signs.

4.1.1 "Move straight ahead."

4.1.2 "Move to the right."

4.1.3 "Move to the left."

4.1.4 "Move straight or to the right."

4.1.5 "Move straight or left."

4.1.6 "Movement to the right or left."

Driving is permitted only in the directions indicated by arrows on the signs. Signs that permit a left turn also permit a U-turn (signs 4.1.1 - 4.1.6 can be used with an arrow configuration corresponding to the required directions of movement at a particular intersection).

Signs 4.1.1 - 4.1.6 do not apply to route vehicles. The effect of signs 4.1.1 - 4.1.6 extends to the intersection of roadways in front of which the sign is installed. The effect of sign 4.1.1, installed at the beginning of a section of road, extends to the nearest intersection. The sign does not prohibit turning right into courtyards and other areas adjacent to the road.

4.2.1 "Avoiding obstacles on the right."

4.2.2 "Avoiding obstacles on the left." Detour is permitted only from the direction indicated by the arrow.

4.2.3 "Avoiding obstacles on the right or left." Detour is permitted from any direction.

4.3 "Circular movement". From November 8, 2017, the driver of a vehicle entering such an intersection is required to give way to vehicles moving along this intersection. If priority signs or traffic lights are installed at a roundabout intersection, then the movement of vehicles along it is carried out in accordance with their requirements.

4.4.1 "Bicycle path".

Only bicycles and mopeds are allowed. Pedestrians can also use the bike path (if there is no sidewalk or pedestrian path).

4.4.2 "End of the cycle path". The end of the bicycle path marked with sign 4.4.1.

4.5.1 "Pedestrian path". Only pedestrians are allowed to move.

4.5.2 "Pedestrian and bicycle path with combined traffic." Bicycle and pedestrian path with combined traffic.

4.5.3 "End of a pedestrian and bicycle path with combined traffic." The end of the bike and pedestrian path with combined traffic.

4.5.4 - 4.5.5 "Pedestrian and bicycle path with traffic separation." A bicycle and pedestrian path with a division into bicycle and pedestrian sides of the path, allocated structurally and (or) marked with horizontal markings 1.2, 1.23.2 and 1.23.3 or in another way.

4.5.6 - 4.5.7 "End of pedestrian and cycle path with traffic separation." The end of a segregated bike and pedestrian path.

4.6 "Minimum speed limit". Driving is only permitted at the specified speed or higher (km/h).

4.7 "End of minimum speed limit zone."

The movement of vehicles equipped with identification signs (information tables) “Dangerous Goods” is permitted only in the direction indicated on the sign: 4.8.1 - straight, 4.8.2 - right, 4.8.3 - left.

5. Signs of special regulations.

Special regulations signs introduce or cancel certain traffic modes.

5.1 "Motorway".

A road on which the requirements of the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation apply, establishing the procedure for driving on highways.

5.2 "End of the motorway".

5.3 "Road for cars."

A road intended for use only by cars, buses and motorcycles.

5.4 "The end of the road for cars."

5.5 "One-way road."

A road or carriageway along which vehicle traffic across its entire width is carried out in one direction.

5.6 "The end of a one-way road."

5.7.1, 5.7.2 "Exit onto a one-way road." Entering a one-way road or carriageway.

5.8 "Reverse movement".

The beginning of a section of road where one or more lanes may change direction to the opposite direction.

5.9 "End of reverse movement."

5.10 "Entering a road with reverse traffic."

5.11 "Road with a lane for route vehicles." A road on which the movement of route vehicles, cyclists and vehicles used as passenger taxis is carried out along a specially designated lane towards the general flow of vehicles.

5.12 "End of the road with a lane for route vehicles."

5.13.1, 5.13.2 "Entering a road with a lane for route vehicles."

5.13.3, 5.13.4 "Entering a road with a lane for cyclists." Entering a road with a lane for cyclists, whose movement is carried out along a specially designated lane towards the general flow.

5.14 "Lane for route vehicles." A lane intended for the movement only of route vehicles, cyclists and vehicles used as passenger taxis moving in the same direction as the general flow of vehicles.

5.14.1 "End of the lane for route vehicles."

5.14.2 “Lane for cyclists” - a lane of the roadway intended for the movement of bicycles and mopeds, separated from the rest of the roadway by horizontal markings and marked with sign 5.14.2.

5.14.3 "End of lane for cyclists". The effect of sign 5.14.3 applies to the lane above which it is located. The effect of signs installed on the right of the road extends to the right lane.

5.15.1 "Traffic directions along lanes."

The number of lanes and permitted directions of movement for each of them.

5.15.2 "Lane directions".

Permitted lane directions.

Signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2, which permit a left turn from the extreme left lane, also permit a U-turn from this lane.

Signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2 do not apply to route vehicles. The effect of signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2 installed in front of the intersection applies to the entire intersection, unless other signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2 installed on it give other instructions.

5.15.3 "Start of strip".

The beginning of an additional uphill or braking lane. If the sign installed in front of the additional lane displays sign(s) 4.6 “Minimum speed limit,” then the driver of a vehicle who cannot continue driving along the main lane at the indicated or higher speed must change lanes to the lane located to his right.

5.15.4 "Start of strip".

The beginning of the middle section of a three-lane road intended for traffic in a given direction. If sign 5.15.4 shows a sign prohibiting the movement of any vehicles, then the movement of these vehicles in the corresponding lane is prohibited.

5.15.5 "End of lane". The end of an additional uphill lane or acceleration lane.

5.15.6 "End of lane".

The end of a section of the median on a three-lane road intended for traffic in a given direction.

5.15.7 "Direction of traffic along the lanes."

If sign 5.15.7 shows a sign prohibiting the movement of any vehicles, then the movement of these vehicles in the corresponding lane is prohibited.
Signs 5.15.7 with the appropriate number of arrows can be used on roads with four or more lanes.

5.15.8 "Number of lanes".

Indicates the number of lanes and lane modes. The driver is obliged to comply with the requirements of the signs marked on the arrows.

5.16 "Bus and (or) trolleybus stopping place."

5.17 "Tram stopping place."

5.18 "Taxi parking area."

5.19.1, 5.19.2 "Pedestrian crossing".

If there are no markings 1.14.1 or 1.14.2 at the crossing, sign 5.19.1 is installed to the right of the road on the near border of the crossing relative to approaching vehicles, and sign 5.19.2 is installed to the left of the road on the far border of the crossing.

5.20 "Artificial hump".

Indicates the boundaries of an artificial roughness. The sign is installed at the nearest boundary of the artificial hump relative to approaching vehicles.

5.21 "Residential area".

The territory in which the requirements of the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation are in force, establishing the rules of traffic in a residential area.

5.22 "End of the residential area."

5.23.1, 5.23.2 "Beginning of a populated area."

The beginning of a populated area in which the requirements of the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation are in force, establishing the procedure for traffic in populated areas.
5.24.1, 5.24.2 "End of a populated area."

The place from which on a given road the requirements of the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation, establishing the procedure for traffic in populated areas, cease to apply.

5.25 "The beginning of the settlement."

The beginning of a populated area in which the requirements of the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation, which establish traffic rules in populated areas, do not apply on this road.

5.26 "End of a settlement."

The end of a populated area in which the requirements of the Road Traffic Regulations of the Russian Federation, which establish traffic rules in populated areas, do not apply on this road.

5.27 "Zone with limited parking."

The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins where parking is prohibited.

5.28 "End of restricted parking zone."

5.29 "Regulated parking zone".

The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins, where parking is permitted and regulated with the help of signs and markings.

5.30 "End of regulated parking zone."

5.31 "Zone with maximum speed limit."

The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins where the maximum speed is limited.

5.32 "End of zone with maximum speed limit."

5.33 "Pedestrian zone".

The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins where only pedestrian traffic is allowed.

5.34 "End of the pedestrian zone."

5.35 "Zone with restrictions on the environmental class of motor vehicles."

Designates the place from which the territory (section of the road) begins where the movement of mechanical vehicles is prohibited: the environmental class of which, indicated in the registration documents for these vehicles, is lower than the environmental class indicated on the sign; the environmental class of which is not indicated in the registration documents for these vehicles.

5.36 "Zone with restrictions on the environmental class of trucks."

Designates the place from which the territory (section of the road) begins where the movement of trucks, tractors and self-propelled vehicles is prohibited: the environmental class of which, indicated in the registration documents for these vehicles, is lower than the environmental class indicated on the sign; the environmental class of which is not indicated in the registration documents for these vehicles.

5.37 "End of the zone with restrictions on the environmental class of motor vehicles."

5.38 "End of the zone with restrictions on the environmental class of trucks."

6. Information signs.

Information signs inform about the location of populated areas and other objects, as well as established or recommended traffic modes.

6.1 "General maximum speed limits".

General speed limits established by the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation.

The speed at which it is recommended to drive on this section of the road. The sign's coverage area extends to the nearest intersection, and when sign 6.2 is used together with a warning sign, it is determined by the length of the dangerous area.

6.3.1 "Turning space". Turning left is prohibited.

6.3.2 "Turning area". Length of the turning zone. Turning left is prohibited.

6.4 "Parking location".

6.5 "Emergency stop strip". Emergency stop strip on a steep descent.

6.6 "Underground pedestrian crossing".

6.7 "Overground pedestrian crossing".

6.8.1 - 6.8.3 "Deadlock". A road with no through passage.

6.9.1 "Advance directions"

6.9.2 "Advance direction indicator".

Directions to the settlements and other objects indicated on the sign. Signs may contain images of the sign 6.14.1 , highway, airport and other pictograms. Sign 6.9.1 may contain images of other signs informing about traffic patterns. At the bottom of sign 6.9.1, the distance from the place where the sign is installed to the intersection or the beginning of the deceleration lane is indicated.
Sign 6.9.1 is also used to indicate a detour around sections of roads on which one of the prohibition signs 3.11 - 3.15 is installed.

6.9.3 "Traffic pattern".

The route of movement when certain maneuvers are prohibited at an intersection or permitted directions of movement at a complex intersection.

6.10.1 "Direction indicator"

6.10.2 "Direction indicator".

Driving directions to route points. The signs may indicate the distance (km) to the objects indicated on them, and include symbols of a highway, airport and other pictograms.

6.11 "Object name".

The name of an object other than a populated area (river, lake, pass, landmark, etc.).

6.12 "Distance indicator".

Distance (km) to settlements located along the route.

6.13 "Kilometer sign". Distance (km) to the beginning or end of the road.

6.14.1, 6.14.2 "Route number".

6.14.1 - number assigned to the road (route); 6.14.2 - number and direction of the road (route).

6.16 "Stop line".

The place where vehicles stop when there is a prohibiting traffic light signal (traffic controller).

6.17 "Detour diagram". Route to bypass a section of road temporarily closed to traffic.

Direction to bypass a section of road temporarily closed to traffic.

6.19.1, 6.19.2 "Preliminary indicator for changing lanes onto another carriageway."

The direction to bypass a section of the roadway closed to traffic on a road with a dividing strip or the direction of movement to return to the right roadway.

6.20.1, 6.20.2 "Emergency exit". Indicates the place in the tunnel where the emergency exit is located.

6.21.1, 6.21.2 "Direction of movement to the emergency exit." Indicates the direction to the emergency exit and the distance to it.

On signs 6.9.1, 6.9.2, 6.10.1 and 6.10.2 installed outside a populated area, a green or blue background means that traffic to the specified populated area or object will be carried out, respectively, along a motorway or other road. On signs 6.9.1, 6.9.2, 6.10.1 and 6.10.2 installed in a populated area, inserts with a green or blue background mean that movement to the specified populated area or object after leaving this populated area will be carried out accordingly according to motorway or other road; The white background of the sign means that the specified object is located in this locality.

7. Service marks.

Service signs inform about the location of the relevant facilities.

7.1 "Medical aid station".

It is difficult to imagine the life of a car enthusiast without road signs. They are an essential element of traffic management. And the topic of traffic signs is very relevant for vehicles.

Let's try to understand the most complex issues related to road signs.

Advantages and Benefits

Road signs are one of the most popular and convenient means of regulating traffic in the world (in general) and Russia (in particular). What gives them special value and significance?

Firstly, DZ very personable, and their large number makes it possible for traffic organizers to use them to achieve a wide variety of goals (to warn about something, to prohibit or prescribe something, to inform, etc.).

Secondly, they are quite clear. As a rule, it is not difficult to guess about the requirements put forward by the signs, because each of them represents a certain symbolism that is understandable to everyone.

Thirdly, remote sensing is not a particularly expensive way to organize traffic. Compared to markings, traffic lights and traffic controllers, the sign installation procedure is very economical.

Fourthly, this stable motion controller. While in winter the markings may be covered with snow, making them difficult to see, road signs do not have this drawback. The traffic light, in turn, requires a mandatory power supply, which may be disrupted (or not possible everywhere).

Fifthly, this the most durable means of regulation. If the markings tend to wear out and become indistinguishable, if the traffic light requires constant maintenance, if it cannot work without rest, then the road signs will function for a very long time.

These advantages indicate the special status of road signs in the practice of traffic regulation.

Groups of traffic signs

Purely for convenience and the clearest possible understanding by drivers of the principles of installation and operation, all road signs are divided into 8 main groups:

1. Special instructions.
2. Informational.
3. Service.
4. Additional information (or signs).

And each group of signs performs strictly defined functions in the field of traffic regulation.

a brief description of

Warning signs serve the function of informing drivers that they are approaching a dangerous section of the road. At the same time, the nature of the danger is reflected by the symbolism of the sign itself.

As a rule, warning signs do not oblige the driver to do anything, but justify the need to exercise attentiveness and caution. That is why almost all warning signs are installed in advance - at some distance before the start of the dangerous section of the road.

2. Priority signs

This group of signs is incredibly important. They indicate the order of passage of unregulated intersections, crossings, as well as narrow sections of the road where oncoming traffic is difficult or impossible.

As practice shows, ignoring these signs is one of the most common reasons. That is why knowledge of the requirements that signs place on the driver, as well as strict compliance with their requirements, is the key to accident-free driving.

One of the most insidious and difficult to understand signs. And all because there are a lot of prohibitory signs. They also have a large number of exceptions to the general rules.

The purpose of prohibitory signs is to limit or exclude the movement of certain participants, to introduce restrictions on the direction of movement, speed, the performance of a number of maneuvers, etc. And in rare cases, to cancel previously introduced prohibitions.

Prohibition signs are very important to ensure traffic safety. That is why any violation of their requirements is punishable by the norms of administrative law of the Russian Federation.

Mandatory signs are intended to introduce or cancel traffic modes (speed, direction, etc.)

This group of road signs, prescribing a certain traffic mode, begins to resemble the action of prohibitory signs. And indeed it is. But with only one amendment: prohibitory signs introduce a negative (prohibitory) regulatory regime, and prescriptive signs introduce a positive one. In other words, prescriptive signs answer the question: “What should the driver do?”

The proximity of these signs to prohibition signs makes them very important in organizing traffic and road safety.

These signs are very close to prescriptive signs. Of course, they even have the same root words in their names: “prescriptive”, “prescriptions”. And their purpose is also related: signs of special regulations are used to introduce special traffic modes or cancel such modes.

It is not for nothing that previously both prescriptive signs and signs of special instructions were included in a single group of directional signs. The difference between them is that prescriptive signs introduce one requirement, while the group we are interested in introduces several requirements at once. This makes special regulations signs a relevant means of regulating traffic.

The main purpose of information signs (judging even by the name of the group) is to inform road users about the location of various objects (mainly populated areas) and the distances to them. In addition, this very extensive group of signs also serves as notification of established traffic modes.

As a rule, drivers simply ignore information signs, considering them frivolous. And very much in vain! Firstly, among them there are also very insidious ones who not only inform, but also introduce a prohibitive regulatory regime. Secondly, information is never superfluous.

Although, in fairness, it should be said that compared to prohibitory and prescriptive signs, signs of priority and special instructions, this group is very harmless.

This is the most noble group of signs. Service signs notify the driver about the approach or location within the road of important road and other infrastructure facilities: hospitals, hotels, recreational facilities, service stations and other facilities.

From the point of view of the requirements for drivers, service signs are the most harmless group. They do not demand anything from the driver at all, and therefore cannot become the reason for his punishment.

Despite the derogatory name - “plates” - these signs are very important in the road traffic system. Their goal is to complement, clarify, and limit the actions of other road signs.

Complete table of traffic signs with explanations for 2017. Detailed comments on traffic signs for 2017.

Warning signs

Warning road signs in this group inform motorists about a dangerous section of the road that requires the driver to take action. In most cases, warning signs are a triangle with a red border.

Explanations of the 2017 Warning Signs

1.1 Railway crossing with barrier

They are installed in populated areas 50-100 m, outside populated areas 150-300 m before the start of the dangerous area. Approaching a railway crossing equipped with a barrier. The driver is obliged to reduce speed and assess the situation. This sign is duplicated only outside the populated area; the second sign is installed at a distance of at least 50 m before the start of the dangerous section.

1.2 Railway crossing without a barrier

They are installed in populated areas 50-100 m, outside populated areas 150-300 m before the start of the dangerous area. Approaching a railway crossing that is not equipped with a barrier. The driver is obliged to reduce speed and assess the situation. This sign is duplicated only outside the populated area; the second sign is installed at a distance of at least 50 m before the start of the dangerous section.

1.3.1 Single track railway

Installed directly in front of railway crossings without barriers. Approaching a single-track railway crossing that is not equipped with a barrier. Drivers are warned about the presence of a single-track railroad crossing that is not equipped with a barrier. The driver is obliged to slow down and assess the situation.

1.3.2 Multi-track railway

Installed directly in front of railway crossings without barriers. Approaching a multi-track railway crossing that is not equipped with a barrier. Drivers are warned about the presence of a railway crossing with several tracks that is not equipped with a barrier. The driver is obliged to reduce speed and assess the situation.

1.4.1 - 1.4.6 Approaching a railway crossing

Additional warning about approaching a railway crossing outside populated areas. This sign can be installed simultaneously on the right and left sides of the road (the inclined red stripe is directed towards the roadway). Signs are installed:

• 1.4.1, 1.4.4 - for 150 - 300 meters
• 1.4.2, 1.4.5 - for 100 - 200 meters
• 1.4.3, 1.4.6 - for 50 - 100 meters

1.5 Intersection with tram line

They are installed in populated areas 50-100 m, outside populated areas 150-300 m before the start of the dangerous area. Warns of approaching an intersection with tram tracks outside the intersection or before the intersection when visibility of the tram tracks is limited (less than 50 m). When approaching such an intersection, the driver must be especially careful, since in most cases the tram has the right of way, that is, the driver must give way to the tram. The driver is obliged to reduce speed and assess the situation.

1.6 Intersection of equivalent roads

They are installed in populated areas 50-100 m, outside populated areas 150-300 m before the start of the dangerous area. Can be equipped with a pedestrian crossing. You must give way to any vehicles approaching from the right and to pedestrians. The driver is obliged to slow down and assess the situation.

1.7 Roundabout

They are installed in populated areas 50-100 m, outside populated areas 150-300 m before the start of the dangerous area. Warns when approaching a roundabout. The movement in the ring goes counterclockwise. The driver is advised to reduce speed and assess the situation.

1.8 Traffic light regulation

They are installed in populated areas 50-100 m, outside populated areas 150-300 m before the start of the dangerous area. Warns about an intersection, pedestrian crossing or other section of the road where traffic is regulated by a traffic light. The driver is advised to reduce speed and assess the situation.

1.9 Drawbridge

They are installed in populated areas 50-100 m, outside populated areas 150-300 m before the start of the dangerous area. Drawbridge or ferry crossing. When entering the ferry, you must follow the instructions of the ferry officer on duty, allowing vehicles leaving the ferry to pass. The driver is advised to reduce speed and assess the situation. This sign is duplicated only outside the populated area; the second sign is installed at a distance of at least 50 m before the start of the dangerous section.

1.10 Departure to the embankment

They are installed in populated areas 50-100 m, outside populated areas 150-300 m before the start of the dangerous area. Departure to the embankment or shore. They warn drivers about going to an embankment, river bank, or lake, where there is a danger of the vehicle sliding into the water. The driver is advised to reduce speed and assess the situation. This sign is duplicated only outside the populated area; the second sign is installed at a distance of at least 50 m before the start of the dangerous section.

1.11.1, 1.11.2 Dangerous turn

They are installed in populated areas 50-100 m, outside populated areas 150-300 m before the start of the dangerous area. Curving road with a small radius or with limited visibility to the right. The driver must remember that in such areas such maneuvers as overtaking, turning around and reversing are prohibited. The driver is obliged to slow down and assess the situation.

1.12.1, 1.12.2 Dangerous turns

They are installed in populated areas 50-100 m, outside populated areas 150-300 m before the start of the dangerous area. They warn you about approaching a section of road with two dangerous turns following each other. The driver must remember that in such areas such maneuvers as overtaking, turning around and reversing are prohibited. The driver is obliged to reduce speed and assess the situation.

1.13 Steep descent

1.14 Steep climb

The numbers indicate the slope in hundredths. Features: in case of difficult oncoming traffic, the driver moving downhill must give way.

1.15 Slippery road

A section of road with increased slipperiness of the roadway. The driver is required to reduce speed.

1.16 Rough Road

A section of road that has unevenness on the roadway (undulations, potholes, uneven junctions with bridges, etc.).

1.17 Artificial hump

Warns of artificial bumps on the road.

1.18 Gravel release

A section of road where gravel, crushed stone and the like can be thrown out from under the wheels of vehicles.

1.19 Dangerous roadside

A section of road where pulling off to the side of the road is dangerous.

1.20.1 - 1.20.3 Narrowing of the road

• 1.20.1 Narrowing of the road on both sides.
• 1.20.2 Narrowing of the road on the right side.
• 1.20.3 Narrowing of the road on the left side.

1.21 Two-way traffic

The beginning of a section of road (roadway) with oncoming traffic.

1.22 Pedestrian crossing

Approaching an unregulated pedestrian crossing.

1.23 Children

A section of road near a child care facility (school, health camp, etc.), on the roadway of which children may appear.

1.24 Intersection with a bicycle path or pedestrian path

Warns about crossing a bicycle or pedestrian path.

1.25 Road works

Warns of road works nearby.

1.26 Cattle drive

Warns that livestock may be driven nearby.

1.27 Wild animals

They warn that wild animals may run onto the road.

1.28 Falling stones

A section of road where avalanches, landslides, and falling rocks are possible.

1.29 Side wind

Warns of strong cross winds. It is necessary to reduce your speed and stay as close as possible to the center of the lane you occupy, so that in case of a rush you do not end up on the side of the road or in the oncoming lane.

1.30 Low-flying aircraft

Warns of low-flying aircraft.

1.31 Tunnel

A tunnel in which there is no artificial lighting, or a tunnel in which the visibility of the entrance portal is limited. Before entering a tunnel, you must turn on the low or high beam headlights (so that if the lighting in the tunnel is turned off, you will not find yourself in a moving car in a dark space).

1.32 Congestion

A section of road where there is a traffic jam.

1.33 Other hazards

A section of road that contains hazards that are not indicated by other warning signs.

1.34.1, 1.34.2 Direction of rotation

1.34.3 Direction of rotation

Direction of movement on a curved road of small radius with limited visibility. Direction to bypass the road section being repaired.

Priority signs

Priority signs indicate the order of passage of a particular section of the road/intersection: which of the vehicle drivers can pass first, and who must pass. In most cases, priority signs are made in a triangle (adjacent road, give way), but there are also diamond-shaped, hexagonal (STOP), round (advantage to oncoming traffic) and square (advantage to oncoming traffic).

Explanations for the 2017 Priority Signs

2.1 Main road

A road on which the driver has priority at intersections. Cancelled by 2.2

2.2 End of main road

Cancels sign 2.1

2.3.1 Intersection with a minor road

Warns about the proximity of intersections with secondary roads on the right and left simultaneously

2.3.2 - 2.3.7 Junction of a secondary road

• 2.3.2 Warns about the proximity of a secondary road on the right
• 2.3.3 Warns about the proximity of a secondary road on the left
• 2.3.4 Warns about the proximity of a secondary road on the right
• 2.3.5 Warns about the proximity of a secondary road on the left
• 2.3.6 Warns about the proximity of a secondary road on the right
• 2.3.7 Warns about the proximity of a secondary road on the left

2.4 Give way

The driver must give way to vehicles moving on the road being crossed, and, if there is a sign 8.13, on the main road.

2.5 Driving without stopping is prohibited

It is prohibited to drive without stopping in front of the stop line, and if there is none, in front of the edge of the intersecting roadway. The driver must give way to vehicles moving along the intersection, and if there is a sign 8.13 - along the main road. Sign 2.5 can be installed in front of a railway crossing or quarantine post. In these cases, the driver must stop in front of the stop line, and if there is no stop line, in front of the sign.

2.6 Advantage of oncoming traffic

It is prohibited to enter a narrow section of road if this may impede oncoming traffic. The driver must give way to oncoming vehicles located in a narrow area or the opposite entrance to it. If a motorcycle without a sidecar is moving towards you, and it is possible to pass it in a narrow area, then you can continue driving.

2.7 Advantage over oncoming traffic

The driver has the right to pass the narrow section of the road first.

Prohibition signs

Prohibiting traffic signs determine restrictions on the movement of certain vehicles in certain areas/traffic conditions. Almost all of them are made in a round shape with a red border (except for those that remove movement restrictions).

Explanations for Prohibition Signs 2017

3.1 Entry prohibited

Entry of all vehicles in this direction is prohibited. This road sign can be seen on one-way roads, at the entrance opposite the direction of travel. Valid until the first intersection.

3.2 No movement

All vehicles are prohibited. The exception is public transport vehicles and cars that transport disabled people. Valid until the first intersection.

3.3 Motor vehicles are prohibited

The movement of motor vehicles is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.4 Truck traffic is prohibited

It is prohibited to drive trucks with a maximum permitted weight indicated on the sign (if there is no weight on the sign - no more than 3.5 tons). Valid until the first intersection.

3.5 Motorcycles are prohibited

The movement of two-wheeled motor vehicles (except mopeds) is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.6 Tractor traffic is prohibited

Tractor traffic is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.7 Driving with a trailer is prohibited

Trucks and tractors with trailers of any kind are prohibited, and towing of vehicles is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.8 The movement of horse-drawn vehicles is prohibited

The movement of horse-drawn vehicles of any type, as well as pack and riding animals is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.9 Bicycles are prohibited

Bicycles and mopeds are prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.10 Pedestrian traffic is prohibited

Pedestrian traffic is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.11 Weight limitation

The movement of vehicles (including trailers) whose total actual weight is greater than the number on the sign is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.12 Limitation of weight per vehicle axle

It is prohibited to drive vehicles whose total actual weight on any axle exceeds the number on the sign. Valid until the first intersection. For a two-axle vehicle, the front axle accounts for 1/3 of the mass, and the rear axle accounts for 2/3. If there are more than 2 axles, then the mass is distributed evenly across them.

3.13 Height limitation

The entry of any vehicle whose dimensions (with or without cargo) exceed the established height is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.14 Width limitation

The entry of any vehicle whose dimensions (with or without cargo) exceeds the established figure for width is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.15 Length limitation

The entry of any vehicle whose dimensions (with or without cargo) exceed the established length is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection.

3.16 Minimum distance limitation

Sets the minimum distance between vehicles. Valid until the first intersection or sign 3.31.

3.17.1 Customs

It is prohibited to travel without stopping at the checkpoint (customs).

3.17.2 Danger

The passage of all vehicles is prohibited due to an accident, fire, etc.

3.17.3 Control

Driving through checkpoints without stopping is prohibited.

3.18.1 Turning right is prohibited

The sign prohibits right turns and is valid until the first intersection. Only straight and left are allowed.

3.18.2 Turning left is prohibited

The sign only prohibits left turns and is valid until the first intersection. Driving straight, right and in the opposite direction is allowed.

3.19 U-turn prohibited

Turning of all vehicles is prohibited.

3.20 Overtaking is prohibited

Overtaking of all vehicles is prohibited. It is prohibited to overtake all vehicles except slow-moving vehicles, horse-drawn carts, mopeds and two-wheeled motorcycles without sidecars. Valid until the first intersection, or until signs 3.21 and 3.31.

3.21 End of no-overtaking zone

Cancels the effect of sign 3.20

3.22 Overtaking by trucks is prohibited

Overtaking of all vehicles is prohibited for vehicles with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons. Valid until the first intersection, or until signs 3.23 and 3.31. It is also prohibited to overtake single vehicles if they are moving at a speed of no more than 30 km/h. Tractors are prohibited from overtaking all vehicles except horse-drawn carts and bicycles.

3.23 End of the no-overtaking zone for trucks

Cancels the effect of sign 3.22

3.24 Maximum speed limit

It is prohibited to travel at a speed exceeding that indicated on the sign. Valid until the first intersection, or until signs 3.25 or 3.31, as well as until sign 3.24 with a different numerical value.

3.25 End of maximum speed limit zone

Cancels the effect of sign 3.24

3.26 Sound signal is prohibited

It is prohibited to sound a sound signal except in cases where it is necessary to prevent an accident. Valid until the first intersection or sign 3.31.

3.27 Stopping prohibited

Stopping and parking of vehicles is prohibited.

3.28 Parking prohibited

Parking of all vehicles is prohibited.

3.29 Parking is prohibited on odd days of the month

Parking of all vehicles on odd days of the month is prohibited.

3.30 Parking is prohibited on even days of the month

Parking of all vehicles on even days of the month is prohibited.

3.31 End of all restrictions zone

Cancels the effect of signs 3.16, 3.20, 3.22, 3.24, 3.26-3.30

3.32 The movement of vehicles with dangerous goods is prohibited

The movement of vehicles equipped with “Dangerous Goods” identification signs is prohibited. Valid until the first intersection

3.33 The movement of vehicles with explosive and flammable cargo is prohibited

The movement of vehicles transporting explosives and products, as well as other dangerous goods subject to marking as flammable, is prohibited, except in cases of transportation of these dangerous substances and products in limited quantities, determined in the manner established by special transportation rules. Valid until the first intersection.

Mandatory signs

Mandatory traffic signs show mandatory directions of movement or allow certain categories of participants to move along the roadway or certain sections of it, and also introduce or cancel certain restrictions. They are made in a round shape with a blue background, with the exception of three rectangular signs specifically for vehicles with dangerous goods.

Explanations for Prescriptive Signs 2017

4.1.1 Driving straight

Movement is only allowed straight ahead. It is also allowed to turn right into courtyards.

4.1.2 Driving to the right

Movement is only allowed to the right.

4.1.3 Driving left

Driving only to the left or turning is permitted unless markings or other road signs indicate otherwise.

4.1.4 Driving straight or right

Movement is only allowed straight or to the right.

4.1.5 Driving straight or left

Movement is only allowed straight ahead, to the left, and turns are also allowed unless markings or other road signs indicate otherwise.

4.1.6 Driving right or left

Driving is only allowed to the left or right, and U-turns are also permitted unless markings or other road signs indicate otherwise.

4.2.1 Avoiding obstacles on the right

Detour is allowed only on the right.

4.2.2 Avoiding obstacles on the left

Detour is allowed only on the left.

4.2.3 Avoiding obstacles on the right or left

Detour is permitted from any direction.

4.3 Circular motion

Movement in the direction indicated by the arrows is permitted.

4.4.1 Cycle path or lane for cyclists

Only bicycles and mopeds are allowed. Pedestrians can also use the bike path (if there is no sidewalk or pedestrian path).

4.4.2 End of a cycle path or cycle lane

4.5.1 Pedestrian path

Only pedestrian traffic is allowed.

4.5.2 Pedestrian and bicycle path with combined traffic (cycle and pedestrian path with combined traffic)

4.5.3 End of a pedestrian and bicycle path with combined traffic (end of a bicycle and pedestrian path with combined traffic)

4.5.4, 4.5.5 Pedestrian and bicycle path with traffic separation

4.5.6, 4.5.7 End of segregated pedestrian and cycle path (end of segregated cycle/pedestrian path)

4.6 Minimum speed limit

Driving is only permitted at the specified speed or higher (km/h).

4.7 End of minimum speed limit zone

Cancels previously introduced speed limits.

4.8.1-4.8.3 Direction of movement of vehicles with dangerous goods

The movement of vehicles equipped with “Dangerous Goods” identification signs is permitted only in the direction indicated on the sign.

• 4.8.1 - straight.4
• 4.8.2 - to the right.
• 4.8.3 - to the left.

Signs of special regulations

Special regulations signs introduce or cancel certain traffic modes. As a rule, these signs are made in the form of a blue square with a white pattern. An exception is the designation of highways, populated areas, as well as individual clarifying signs of special traffic zones.

Explanations for the Signs of Special Requirements 2017

5.1 Motorway

A road on which the requirements of the Rules establishing the procedure for driving on highways apply.

5.2 End of the motorway

Cancels the effect of sign 5.1

5.3 Road for cars

A road intended for use only by cars, buses and motorcycles.

5.4 End of the road for cars

Cancels the effect of sign 5.3

5.5 One-way road

A road or carriageway along which vehicle traffic across its entire width is carried out in one direction. In the opposite direction there is usually a sign

3.1. Valid until signs 1.21 and 5.6.

Cancels the effect of sign 5.5

5.7.1, 5.7.2 Entering a one-way road

Entering a one-way road or carriageway

5.8 Reverse movement

The beginning of a section of road where one or more lanes may change direction to the opposite direction.

5.9 End of reverse movement

Cancels the effect of sign 5.8.

5.10 Entering a road with reverse traffic

Entering a road or carriageway with reverse traffic.

5.11.1 Road with a lane for route vehicles

A road along which route vehicles move along a specially designated lane facing the flow of vehicles.

5.11.2 Road with a lane for cyclists

A road on which the movement of cyclists and moped drivers is carried out in a specially designated lane towards the general flow of vehicles.

5.12.1 End of the road with a lane for route vehicles

Cancels the effect of sign 5.11.1

5.12.2 End of road with bicycle lane

Cancels the effect of sign 5.11.2

5.13.1, 5.13.2 Entering a road with a lane for route vehicles

5.13.3, 5.13.4 Entering a road with a lane for cyclists

5.14 Lane for route vehicles

A lane intended for the movement of only route vehicles moving in the same direction as the general flow of vehicles. The effect of the sign extends to the strip above which it is located. The effect of a sign installed on the right of the road extends to the right lane.

5.14.1 End of lane for route vehicles

Cancels the effect of sign 5.14

5.15.1 Lane directions

The number of lanes and permitted directions of movement on each of them.

5.15.2 Lane directions

Permitted lane directions.

5.15.3 Start of strip

The beginning of an additional uphill or braking lane. If the sign installed in front of the additional lane shows sign 4.6, then the driver of a vehicle who cannot continue driving in the main lane at the indicated speed or higher must change lanes to the lane located to his right.

5.15.4 Start of strip

The beginning of the middle section of a three-lane road intended for traffic in a given direction. If sign 5.15.4 shows a sign prohibiting the movement of any vehicles, then the movement of these vehicles in the corresponding lane is prohibited.

5.15.5 End of lane

The end of an additional uphill lane or acceleration lane.

5.15.6 End of lane

The end of a section of the middle strip on a three-lane road intended for traffic in a given direction.

5.15.7 Lane direction

If sign 5.15.7 shows a sign prohibiting the movement of any vehicles, then the movement of these vehicles in the corresponding lane is prohibited. Signs 5.15.7 with the appropriate number of arrows can be used on roads with four or more lanes.

5.15.8 Number of lanes

Indicates the number of lanes and lane modes. The driver is obliged to comply with the requirements of the signs marked on the arrows.

5.16 Bus and (or) trolleybus stop location

5.17 Tram stop location

5.18 Taxi parking area

5.19.1, 5.19.2 Pedestrian crossing

5.19.1 If there is no marking 1.14.1 or 1.14.2 at the crossing, it is installed to the right of the road at the nearest border of the crossing.

5.19.2 If there is no marking at the crossing, 1.14.1 or 1.14.2 is installed to the left of the road on the far border of the crossing.

5.20 Artificial hump

Indicates the boundaries of an artificial roughness. The sign is installed at the nearest boundary of the artificial hump relative to approaching vehicles.

5.21 Residential area

The territory in which the requirements of the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation are in force, establishing the rules of traffic in a residential area.

5.22 End of residential area

Cancels the effect of sign 5.21

5.23.1, 5.23.2 Beginning of a populated area

The beginning of a populated area in which the requirements of the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation are in force, establishing the procedure for traffic in populated areas.

5.24.1, 5.24.2 End of a populated area

The place from which on a given road the requirements of the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation, establishing the procedure for traffic in populated areas, cease to apply.

5.25 Beginning of the settlement

The beginning of a populated area in which the requirements of the Road Traffic Regulations of the Russian Federation, which establish traffic rules in populated areas, do not apply on this road.

5.26 End of a settlement

The end of the settlement indicated by sign 5.25

5.27 Restricted parking zone

The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins where parking is prohibited.

5.28 End of restricted parking zone

Cancels the effect of sign 5.27

5.29 Regulated parking zone

The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins, where parking is permitted and regulated with the help of signs and markings.

5.30 End of regulated parking zone

Cancels the effect of sign 5.29

5.31 Speed ​​limit zone

The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins where the maximum speed is limited.

5.32 End of speed limit zone

Cancels the effect of sign 5.31

5.33 Pedestrian zone

The place from which the territory (section of the road) begins where only pedestrian traffic is allowed.

5.34 End of the pedestrian zone

Cancels the effect of sign 5.33

Information signs

Information signs inform road users about the location of populated areas and other objects, as well as established or recommended traffic modes. Most often they are made in the form of blue rectangles

with arrows pointing to the corresponding objects
distance to relevant objects
features or driving modes
An exception is bright yellow temporary obstacle avoidance signs (including those due to ongoing road works, etc.)

Explanations for Information Signs 2017

6.1 General maximum speed limits

General speed limits established by the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation.

The speed at which it is recommended to drive on this section of the road. The sign's coverage area extends to the nearest intersection, and when sign 6.2 is used together with a warning sign, it is determined by the length of the dangerous area.

6.3.1 Turning space

Indicates where to turn.

6.3.2 Turning area

Length of the turning zone.

6.4 Parking (parking space)

This sign permits the parking of all vehicles Cars, Buses and Motorcycles.

6.5 Emergency stop lane

Emergency stop strip on a steep descent.

6.6 Underground pedestrian crossing

Indicates a place where pedestrians can safely cross the road using an underground pedestrian crossing.

6.7 Overhead pedestrian crossing

Indicates a location where pedestrians can safely cross the road using an elevated pedestrian crossing.

6.8.1 - 6.8.3 Deadlock

Indicates a section of the road where through traffic is not possible, without prohibiting traffic in the direction of the dead end.

6.9.1 Advance direction indicator

Directions to the settlements and other objects indicated on the sign. The signs may contain images of sign 6.14.1, highway symbols, airport symbols and other pictograms. The sign may contain images of other signs informing about traffic patterns. At the bottom of the sign, the distance from the location of the sign to the intersection or the beginning of the deceleration lane is indicated. The sign is also used to indicate a detour around sections of roads on which one of the prohibition signs 3.11-3.15 is installed.

6.9.2 Advance direction indicator

Direction of movement to the settlements and other objects indicated on the sign.

6.9.3 Traffic pattern

The route of movement when certain maneuvers are prohibited at an intersection or permitted directions of movement at a complex intersection.

6.10.1 Direction indicator

Driving directions to route points. Signs may indicate the distance to the objects indicated on it (km), and include symbols of a highway, airport, and others.

6.10.2 Direction indicator

Direction of movement to route points. Signs may indicate the distance to the objects indicated on it (km), and include symbols of a highway, airport, and others.

6.11 Name of the object

The name of an object other than a populated area (river, lake, pass, landmark, etc.).

6.12 Distance indicator

Distance (in kilometers) to settlements located along the route.

6.13 Kilometer sign

Distance (in kilometers) to the beginning or end of the road.

6.14.1, 6.14.2 Route number

6.14.1 Number assigned to the road (route).

6.14.2 Number and direction of the road (route).

6.15.1 - 6.15.3 Direction of movement for trucks

6.16 Stop line

The place where vehicles stop when there is a prohibiting traffic light signal (traffic controller).

6.17 Detour scheme

Route to bypass a section of road temporarily closed to traffic.

6.18.1 - 6.18.3 Detour direction

Direction to bypass a section of road temporarily closed to traffic.

6.19.1, 6.19.2 Advance indicator for changing lanes onto another carriageway

The direction to bypass a section of the roadway closed to traffic on a road with a dividing strip or the direction of movement to return to the right roadway.

6.20.1, 6.20.2 Emergency exit

Indicates the place in the tunnel where the emergency exit is located.

6.21.1, 6.21.2 Direction of movement to emergency exit

Indicates the direction to the emergency exit and the distance to it.

The effect of all service signs, without exception, is purely informational in nature and does not oblige drivers to anything. These signs are used to inform road users about the presence of certain opportunities along their route that they can use if desired (or if necessary). The symbols and inscriptions on the signs are clear, although a little comment is still required.

Explanations for the Service Marks 2017

7.1 Medical aid station

7.2 Hospital

7.3 Gas station

7.4 Vehicle maintenance

7.5 Car washing

7.6 Telephone

7.7 Food station

7.8 Drinking water

7.9 Hotel or motel

7.10 Camping

7.11 Rest place

7.12 Road patrol post

7.13 Police

7.14 International road transport control point

7.15 Reception area of ​​a radio station transmitting traffic information

A section of the road on which radio station broadcasts are received at the frequency indicated on the sign.

7.16 Radio communication zone with emergency services

A section of road on which a radio communication system with emergency services operates in the civilian 27 MHz band.

7.17 Pool or beach

7.18 Toilet

7.19 Emergency telephone

Indicates the location where the telephone for calling emergency services is located.

7.20 Fire extinguisher

Indicates the location of the fire extinguisher.

Additional information signs (clarification signs)

Plates, with certain exceptions, are not used separately, but always in combination with any of the main signs. Designed to expand (clarify) the operation of certain road signs.

Explanations for Additional Information Signs (clarification plates) 2017

8.1.1 Distance to object

The distance from the sign to the beginning of the dangerous section, the place where the corresponding restriction is introduced, or a certain object (place) located ahead in the direction of travel is indicated.

8.1.2 Distance to object

Indicates the distance from sign 2.4 to the intersection if sign 2.5 is installed immediately before the intersection.

8.1.3, 8.1.4 Distance to object

Indicates the distance to an object located off the road.

8.2.1 Coverage

Indicates the length of a dangerous section of the road, indicated by warning signs, or the coverage area of ​​prohibitory and information signs.

8.2.2 - 8.2.6 Coverage

8.2.2 Indicates the coverage area of ​​prohibitory signs 3.27-3.30.

8.2.3 Indicates the end of the coverage area of ​​signs 3.27-3.30.

8.2.4 Informs drivers that they are in the coverage area of ​​signs 3.27-3.30.

8.2.5, 8.2.6 Indicate the direction and coverage area of ​​signs 3.27-3.30 when stopping or parking is prohibited along one side of the square, the facade of a building, etc.

8.3.1 - 8.3.3 Directions of action

Indicate the direction of action of signs installed in front of the intersection or the direction of movement to designated objects located directly next to the road.

8.4.1 - 8.4.8 Type of vehicle

Indicate the type of vehicle to which the sign applies:

• Table 8.4.1 extends the sign to trucks, including those with a trailer, with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons.
• Plate 8.4.3 - for passenger cars, as well as trucks with a permissible maximum weight of up to 3.5 tons.
• Plate 8.4.8 - for vehicles equipped with “Dangerous Goods” identification signs.

8.4.9 - 8.4.14 In addition to the type of vehicle

Indicate the type of vehicle that is not covered by the sign.

8.5.1 Saturdays, Sundays and holidays

8.5.2 Working days

Indicate the days of the week during which the sign is valid.

8.5.3 Days of the week

Indicate the days of the week during which the sign is valid.

8.5.4 Duration

Indicates the time of day during which the sign is valid.

8.5.5 - 8.5.7 Duration

Indicate the days of the week and time of day during which the sign is valid.

8.6.1 - 8.6.9 Method of parking the vehicle

Indicate the method of parking cars and motorcycles near the sidewalk.

8.7 Parking with the engine not running

Indicates that in a parking lot marked with sign 6.4, parking of vehicles only with the engine not running is permitted.

8.8 Paid services

Indicates that services are provided for a fee only.

8.9 Limitation of parking duration

Indicates the maximum duration of a vehicle's stay in a parking lot indicated by sign 6.4.

8.10 Vehicle inspection area

Indicates that there is an overpass or inspection ditch on the site marked with sign 6.4 or 7.11.

8.11 Maximum weight limit

Indicates that the sign applies only to vehicles with a permissible maximum weight greater than that indicated on the plate.

8.12 Dangerous shoulder

Warns that going to the side of the road is dangerous due to repair work being carried out on it. Used with sign 1.25.

8.13 Main road direction

Indicates the direction of the main road at an intersection.

8.14 Traffic lane

Indicates the lane covered by a sign or traffic light.

8.15 Blind pedestrians

Indicates that the pedestrian crossing is used by the blind. Used with signs 1.22,5.19.1, 5.19.2 and traffic lights.

8.16 Wet coating

Indicates that the sign applies to the period of time when the roadway surface is wet.

8.17 Disabled people

Indicates that the effect of sign 6.4 applies only to motorized wheelchairs and cars on which “Disabled” identification signs are installed.

8.18 Except for disabled people

Indicates that the action of the signs does not apply to motorized wheelchairs and cars on which the “Disabled” identification signs are installed.

8.19 Class of dangerous goods

Indicates the number of the class (classes) of dangerous goods according to GOST 19433-88.

8.20.1, 8.20.2 Type of vehicle bogie

Used with sign 3.12. Indicates the number of adjacent axles of the vehicle, for each of which the mass indicated on the sign is the maximum permissible.

8.21.1 - 8.21.3 Type of route vehicle

Used with sign 6.4. Designate the parking area for vehicles at metro stations, bus (trolleybus) or tram stops, where a transfer to the appropriate type of transport is possible.

8.22.1 - 8.22.3 Obstacle

They indicate the obstacle and the direction to avoid it. Used with signs 4.2.1-4.2.3.

8.23 Photo and video recording

Used with signs 1.1, 1.2, 1.8, 1.22, 3.1-3.7, 3.18.1, 3.18.2, 3.19, 3.20, 3.22, 3.24, 3.27-3.30, 5.14, 5.21, 5.27 and 5.31, as well as with traffic lights. Indicates that in the coverage area of ​​a road sign or on a given section of the road, administrative offenses can be recorded using automatic special technical means that have the functions of photography, filming and video recording, or by means of photography, filming and video recording.