A neighbor at the entrance put a washing machine-automatic machine on the landing for further removal to the trash, as a specialist repairman told him, the motor came kirdyk. Not one Samodelkin, never in his life, will pass by a thrown-out unit without taking it for spare parts or at least looking inside at the contents. I am sick of the same, I decided to save my neighbor from hard physical work, taking the unit to the trash and took it for spare parts to my village.
In the photo: One of the most useful elements of the interior of the washing machine.
Everything was disassembled into useful gadgets and it's time to check the condition of the motor.
Paragraph 1. Motor check.
To check the motor and upgrade the Lighting Dimmer, we need tools.
* Device (tester)
*Electrician's side cutters
*Dimmer
*Soldering iron
Inside there was such a collector universal motor MCA 52 \ 64 -148 \ KT11 390W. 13000 rpm
In the picture we see a seven-pin large connector, on the left all the single-color blue wires come out (to make it harder for the layman to figure it out) and one yellow-green (ground), on the right there are wires that go directly into the motor, if you look from above, then two red ones (on the travel sensor ), blue on brush 1, purple on the other brush 2, black (midpoint of the motor windings), orange (two stator windings).
We clean all the outgoing blue wires for their dialing device.
Let's disconnect the connector and use the tester to call which of the blue wires to which wire of the motor comes, so as not to forget, we need to write it down, sketch it.
For a simple start of the motor, we need only two orange, blue and purple wires, the rest can be bitten off or isolated for future homemade products.
According to this scheme, you need to connect the motor.
You can check the operation of the motor, everything works (as in most cases it happens), only it is desirable to replace the bearings.
This is how repairmen carry out diagnostics, the price of such a new motor is 6000 rubles + installation work.
Point 2. Reverse.
This type of motor can be reversed, which is what the washing machine does during washing, for this you need to change the connection of the brush from one winding to another, only do this after the motor has completely stopped and is de-energized.
Scheme. Reverse with toggle switch.
The tumblr itself.
Point 3. Regulation of turns by the Dimmer of light.
You can also adjust the speed by decreasing - increasing the current, for example, using a wire rheostat of the required power or using a triac with a PWM controller.
As the simplest and most affordable, this is a Dimmer for lighting (photo below), only before the first connection you need to look at what maximum current the regulator is designed for, we need a tenfold overlap of the rated power of the motor, because the starting current of our motor jumps from 8-10A and higher, even without load.
Cheapest Dimmer.
If the Dimmer turned out to be like mine at 3A, then it can be finalized by finding the necessary triac directly on the control board of the washing machine itself, where all the parameters are just calculated for this motor.
To do this, we trace the path from the place where the motor terminal is connected to the board and along the widest tracks, one of which will definitely fit on one of the legs of the part we need (in my case, this is a BTB16 triac with three legs).
We disconnect the radiator mount and solder the part, trying not to overheat.
We solder the resulting triac together with the radiator to replace the old part in the regulator, now you can safely connect a load of 10 A and even up to 16A at the time of start-up.
If you have an unnecessary washing machine motor, do not rush to throw it away. The electric motor is used in other areas of life and economy. If you know how to connect the electric motor correctly, you can get a machine for sharpening scissors and knives. Or make it the driving force of a concrete mixer.
We will tell you how to connect the engine from the washing machine with your own hands.
For the engine to work, it needs power. An independent connection to electricity consists in the correct connection of wires. Therefore, you will need a wiring diagram for the washing machine motor.
To work, you need stator and rotor wires. But how to find them? A visual inspection shows a lot of wires. How to decide which one you need?
Consider how to connect an electric motor with 3, 4 and 6 wires.
Look at the motor. There are two wires on the left side - they are not used. Often the manufacturer paints them white. For clarity, look at the photo below:
The orange arrows point to the red and brown wires. These are the stator leads. The blue arrows point to the wires leading to the rotor brushes. These four wires are needed to connect the motor from the washer.
Wire colors may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. Therefore, use a tester for an accurate check.
Measure the resistance of each wire to find its pair. Strip the contacts and connect the tester probe to them. Record your readings. Next, ring all the wires in turn until each has a pair.
Connecting the engine from the washing machine is not a difficult task. You will not need starting windings and capacitors, it is enough to know how to connect the connections correctly.
For this:
- Connect the ends of the wires from the stator and rotor. Be sure to isolate the contact point.
- Connect the remaining two wires to a voltage source of 220 volts.
Be careful! During the connection to electricity, the engine will start (switch on) from the washing machine. However, it can vibrate strongly, so ensure that the motor is in a safe location in advance.
The connection was successful. If you need to change the direction of rotation, swap the wires leading to the rotor. See the diagram in the photo:
This launch option is suitable for modern SMA parts. How to connect an electric motor from an old washing machine? The work is more painstaking than in the first case. You will need a start relay and a momentary button.
- Set the tester to resistance measurement mode.
- Apply the probes to the motor windings, comparing the readings. You need to find paired windings.
It is important to understand that the working winding always shows less resistance than the starting winding.
According to this scheme, the asynchronous motor of the washing machine is connected:
Let us analyze in more detail how to connect the SMA motor according to the scheme. To do this, let's decipher the conventions:
- SB stands for switch button. It allows you to connect the winding to the power supply.
- Software is a starting winding that allows you to create torque. You can coordinate it to one side.
- OB - working winding or excitation winding. Creates a magnetic field for rotation.
You need to apply electricity to the excitation winding. To do this, directly connect it to a 220 volt network. Short-term power is also supplied to the starting winding, only with the help of a button (SB).
Now you know how to turn on the motor (engine) from the washing machine. To start it, you need to press the button. The change in the direction of rotation occurs according to the previous principle - the wires are interchanged.
A working motor from SM can be used for household needs. Decided to lay out the yard with tiles? Make a homemade vibrating table.
You will need one plate, fixed with movable parts to the base. Starting the electric motor from the washing machine will contribute to the movement of the plate. By releasing air from concrete, you can improve the quality of the tile, make it stronger and more durable.
You can also make a concrete mixer, only you will additionally need another tank. Inside the tank, metal blades are installed in the form of the letter "P". The drain hole is closed. How to connect the washing machine engine to a homemade concrete mixer can be seen in the video:
If you are a little versed in technology and have a desire to do something with your own hands, then you will find a use for the motor. You already know how to start the engine from the washer, so get to work. Video on the topic will help you:
Good motors are in washing machines, even when the latter fails and is thrown away - the motors are left and later used in the household (for example, for a mini-machine). Here we will consider a typical engine from an automatic washing machine (new and old type) and a diagram of its separate connection to 220 V. But first, let me lay out some boring theory, which you can skip by going to the second, practical, part of the article.
The theory of operation of an electric motor at 220 V
Asynchronous motors for a single-phase network are basically motors with two-phase windings and with an auxiliary phase taken from the capacitor. Such motors are used in household appliances. Such a motor is used, in particular, in the drive of a washing machine. In addition to two-phase wound motors, three-phase wound motors are sometimes used in some other household appliances.
The motor during direct start can receive from the network a current significantly higher than its rated value. This current is called the motor starting current and its value varies around Ir = 5-7In.
One way to reduce inrush current is to use a star-delta switch. The motor, designed to operate the stator in a delta connection at a given mains voltage, is included in the star system at the time of start:
Due to the reduced voltage supplied to the stator winding phase and the change in connections from delta to star, the current taken from the network will decrease by a factor of three compared to the starting current in a triangular circuit. However, when connected to a star, the motor has three times less starting torque, which makes it impossible to use this method during a heavy start (with a heavy load).
Capacitor for electric motor
For small engines (<1 кВт), значение пускового конденсатора может быть определено из соотношения:
C [µF] = (1800 x Pn) / U2
where Pn [W] is the rated motor power, U [V] is the supply voltage.
This formula is also suitable for calculating the starting capacitor value for single-phase motors with a starting phase.
For larger motors (>1kW) a capacitance of about 70uF/1kW is assumed. It is necessary to use starting capacitors with operating voltages of 400..630 VAC.
You can skip the calculations and simply connect a standard washer motor to 1 phase 220V through a 7 microfarad capacitor connected between the desired terminals. In the middle, connect the first wire of the mains, and the second, depending on the direction of rotation, to one of the capacitors. The power drop will be 30% - this is in theory.
The question of choosing a capacitor is easily solved. Here are examples of capacitance values for different motor powers.
PN[W] 90 120 180 250 370 550 750 1100
FROM[µF] 4 5 6 8 12 16 20 30
The power of rotation in the washing machine in both directions is the same. These are motors with a typical connection for a single-phase motor. The main winding is connected directly to 220 V and a phase winding is connected in parallel with it, together with a capacitor connected in series. If you flip the wires of the phase winding, the motor will turn to rotate in the other direction, but the power will be slightly less. This circuit works during the spin cycle. The same for slow and fast rotations - the capacity switches inside the washer from 7 uF to 16 uF.
Motor connection from CMA
This motor contains two independent windings:
for synchronous speed 3000 rpm - two-phase winding.
for synchronous speed 500 rpm - symmetrical three-phase winding. The three-phase connection system allows you to change the rotation speed by switching the winding power.
An old type motor usually has 5 wires in black, blue, white, red and green. A series of measurements was carried out to determine the windings and the resistance between them turned out as follows:
- Blue-black 85 ohm
- Blue-green 85 ohm
- Black-green 80 Ohm
- White-blue 15 Ohm
- White-red 30 Ohm
Connecting an old electric motor requires finding the start winding with a multimeter.
- ON - initial winding. It is designed to start the engine only and starts at the very beginning until the engine starts to rotate.
- OB - excitation winding. This is a working winding that works constantly and constantly turns the motor.
- SB - button, with which voltage is applied to the starting coil and turns off when the engine starts.
Connecting an electric motor from a new washer
If you look at the terminal block with wires from the front, usually the first two left wires are tachometer wires, which measure and regulate the speed of the washing machine motor. We do not need them - they are crossed out with a cross.
In different models of washing machines, the wires differ in color, but the connection principle remains the same. You just need to find the necessary wires by calling them with a multimeter.
A working tachogenerator in a quiet state usually has a resistance of 50-100 ohms. You will immediately find these wires and disconnect them.
If you want to change the motor speed in the opposite direction, just drag the jumper to the other pins. Look at the diagrams to see what it looks like.
Two contacts go through the brushes to the rotor windings and the other two contacts go to the stator winding. The remaining contacts are a sensor for measuring the speed of rotation of the motor. The rotor and stator windings are connected in series and by changing the ends of one of the windings, you change the direction of rotation. Without an electronic regulator, the engine will accelerate to several thousand revolutions per minute (as with maximum spin).
In most publications on the topic of constructing a device with your own hands, it is advised not to purchase the necessary components and assemblies, but to use components that have served their time from various household appliances. The decision is perfectly reasonable. The most popular is the electric motor from an outdated or failed washing machine.
Such engines are suitable for the assembly of various technical devices. It's easy to dismantle them. But with the connection of such an electric motor to a 220-volt network, questions often arise. We will analyze the options for the correct connection and use of different types of electric motors from washing machines.
How to connect an electric motor from a washing machine
Use of engines
There are quite a few options for how to use high-speed electric motor for a washing machine in the case when the automatic washing machine has already served its purpose. In the household, you always need a device that can sharpen knives, scissors and other tools. Such a device can be made independently if you correctly connect the electric motor from the washing machine and securely fix the grindstone on it.
If you are engaged in construction or planning to work with concrete, then you can make a vibrator that, using the engine from the washing machine, will help shrink the concrete. There are craftsmen who have adapted an electric motor to create a vibrating table, and with its help, paving slabs or cinder blocks are made at home. And also the motor from the old washer will find application for various agricultural purposes. This could be, for example, a fresh grass chopper or a grain crusher. It will be possible to prepare good fodder for poultry, it will also be possible to make preparations for animals for the winter, to process weeds.
It can be concluded that application range the electric motor is very diverse, most importantly, it is possible to rotate various nozzles. You can also put into action some designed devices and mechanisms. In any case, you need to know how to connect the engine from the washing machine.
Collector motor
Now the industry produces a very large number of different brands and modifications of washing machines. The engines of these machines also have a different design; a different number of wires can depart from them. Accordingly, the schemes for connecting the electric motors of these machines to the 220 volt network may vary.
Consider the wires extending from the collector motor. All wires coming out of the engine have different colors and terminate at a terminal block or connector. The first two white wires on the terminal block (left) are located. These wires are needed to connect a tachometer so that you can measure the speed of the electric motor. In our case, we will not use them.
For control, you can measure the resistance of the loop of these wires with a multimeter. It should be 70 ohms. Next, let's decide on the stator winding. On the terminal block, after the white wires, there should be a wire in red insulation, and then in brown. This should be the stator wires. And also to eliminate the error, we will ring them with a multimeter. The resistance should be close to zero. The remaining two wires, usually gray (blue) and green, go to the motor brushes.
In order to connect such engine to the network ~ 220 volts it should be remembered that engines of this type are used without the use of a starting capacitor. By installing a jumper between one of the stator wires and the wire coming from the brush, the mains voltage is applied to the other pair of wires. The motor should start spinning. In order to change the direction of rotation of the electric motor, it is enough to switch the jumper to another brush.
Asynchronous motor
- Option 1
How to start the engine from an old type washing machine? Motors of this type are somewhat more difficult to connect. If you decide to connect a motor for this type of washing machine, then you will definitely need a multimeter. Motors of this type have two windings. One of the windings is working, the other is starting.
Initially, you need to determine these windings, that is, you need to determine the pairs of wires that ring through each other. This work is done with a multimeter in dial mode. Further, with a multimeter in the resistance measurement mode, you need to determine the resistance of the windings and write the result on paper. The winding with the least resistance is the working winding.
To connect such an engine, you need a button without fixing or start relay. For an error-free connection, it is desirable that you have a diagram of how to connect the engine from an old type washing machine. Connecting the motor from the washing machine to 220 can be described as follows. A voltage of ~ 220 volts is applied to the working winding of the motor. The same voltage is also applied to the starting winding, only through the start button or relay for a short period of time. After the engine starts to rotate, the button must be released. In order for the motor to start rotating in the opposite direction (reverse), you need to reverse the phasing of the applied voltage.
- Option 2
Previously, there was another type of engine. Outwardly, they do not differ from motors with two windings. These models had a power of 100-120 watts and a speed of 2700-2850 rpm. and used in centrifuge drive. Such engines had a so-called working capacitor, that is, it was constantly on. Due to the fact that the centrifuge did not need to change the direction of rotation, the connection of the windings was made inside the motor housing, and only three wires, often of the same color, came out of it.
The winding resistance of such motors was the same. This type of motor is connected according to the following scheme. One of the terminals and the middle point of the windings are switched on to the network 220 volts, the other output is connected to the first output through a capacitor.
When you make any device from the engine of a washing machine, be sure to pay attention to the serviceability and prevention of this device during operation. The main malfunctions of electric motors occur due to overload or in the event of worn bearings. Therefore, you need to pay attention to all the nuances of the device in a timely manner.
The electric motor is often called almost the heart, which is installed in household appliances. And this is not in vain, because it is thanks to the electric motor that the drum installed in the washing machine rotates. Many people doubt whether it is possible to connect the engine from the washer to another device with their own hands?
Electric motor from a broken washer
What can be done with the washing machine
It is quite possible to fulfill this, even if you practically do not understand such issues. For example, your Indesit brand washing machine has failed, while the engine (its power is 430 W, and the developing speed reaches 11,500 rpm) is still in working condition, and its motor resource is still normal. In this case, it can be useful in the economy.
Here are a few ideas to help you apply or connect a new motor installed in a washing machine that has failed:
- An elementary option would be the creation of a grinding machine. In every house, knives and scissors that need to be sharpened are periodically grinded and blunted. To do this, it is necessary to carefully fix the electric motor on a stable surface, attach a special stone for sharpening or a grinding wheel to the shaft and plug it into the network.
- A good option is the manufacture of paving slabs. You can also make cinder blocks, and if there is a private sector, then a great idea is a vibrating table.
- For villagers who are engaged in raising birds, it is possible to construct a grain grinder and a grass mill from the engine from the washing machine.
Features of the motor - the key to successful work
Today, there are more than enough different options for how you can give new life to an old motor from a washing machine, if it still starts. And all these ideas are based on the features of the motor to rotate a variety of nozzles or provide movement for additional mechanisms. You can come up with an even more original way to use the removed engine, but in order to bring your idea to life, you need to understand exactly how the engine is connected from the washing machine.
When connecting the engine that was left from your old washing machine to another device, you need to keep in mind several important nuances of this process:
- motors are not connected with a capacitor;
no start winding required.
On the transfer case there are wires of various colors, which you simply need to deal with:
- 2 white wires - when connected, they will not be useful, as they are responsible for the tachogenerator to work normally;
- red and brown are intended so that it is possible to wind the stator, as well as the rotor;
- green and gray - for connection to special brushes made of graphite (most often this can be said about the brushes of the engine of the Indesit washing machine, in the event that they need to be replaced).
Proper wiring is the key to successful motor operation.
Keep in mind that different motor models may have wires of different colors, but the principle of their connection is the same in all cases. To detect pairs, it is necessary to ring the wires in turn (those: those intended for the tachogenerator must have a resistance of 60 to 70 ohms). It is better to glue these wires with electrical tape away from the others so as not to get confused. The remaining wires also need to ring to identify pairs.
As you can find out in our article.
Wiring diagram
To continue work, you need to carefully study all the nuances of the electrical connection diagram. Basically, it was made in great detail and understandable even for the home master, who is farthest from the world of electrical equipment.
Connecting the engine from the washer
Connecting or replacing the washing machine motor is actually quite simple. First of all, it is necessary to prepare the wires that will be used for the rotor, as well as for the stator. Make a special jumper, which should be limited with electrical tape. Those two wires that remain are connected directly to the network.
Remember! When you connect the motor that remains from the old washing machine to 220, the device immediately begins to actively rotate. Therefore, before starting work, make sure that the motor stands firmly on a particular surface.
Scheme of connecting the old engine to the network 220
If you need to change the direction of the turns, it will be enough that you throw the jumper over the contacts that remain. To turn the device on and off, you need to connect special buttons to the circuit. In order to do this, you need to use the appropriate schemes, which can easily be found on special sites.
Now we know exactly how to connect the engine so that it can still be used for a long time. But how can you improve the resulting device?
Speed control
Requires a speed controller to work properly.
The washing machine engine is characterized by a fairly high rotation speed, so it is advisable to make a special regulator so that the hammer motor operates in different speed modes without overheating. For this purpose, you can use the usual light intensity relay, but slightly modified.
It is necessary to remove the triac together with the radiator from the “washer” - the so-called semiconductor device (in electron control, it functions as a controlled switch).
Then you need to solder this device into the relay chip, replacing parts with low power. If you do not know all the nuances of this procedure, it is better to ask for the help of a specialist (electronics or computer engineer).
There are times when the engine does new work without the help of the speed controller.
Types of engines
Types of engines from washers
Asynchronous. You can take it out only together with the capacitor, which are completely different for each model of the washing machine. It is not recommended to break the connection of such an engine with a battery if its case is sealed and made of various metal or plastic.
Attention! The asynchronous motor may only be taken out of the washing machine when the capacitor is completely discharged, as this can avoid electric shock.
asynchronous motor
Low voltage collector type motor. It is characterized by the presence of regular magnets on the stator, which are connected in turn to a direct voltage current. On the case of such an engine there is a sticker on which the number of the maximum allowable voltage is placed.
Electronic motor. This type of device must be disconnected only together with the electronic power supply unit (ECU), a sticker with the value of the maximum allowable connection voltage is placed on its case. Pay attention to the polarity, because motors with this principle of operation do not have the necessary reverse.
Frequent breakdowns: what you may encounter
How to connect an electric motor from an old washing machine is now known. But there are situations when the engine does not start. What are the reasons and ways to solve such trouble?
Try to check the state of the heating of the motor after its three minutes of operation. In such a short time, all parts cannot heat up equally, so you have the opportunity to identify a fault that will be too hot. It can be a bearing assembly, a stator, and so on.
Various engine problems
The main reasons why a particular part is too hot may be the following:
- clogged or failed bearing;
- over-expanded capacitance.
Proper motor connection
To properly connect the engine that remains from the old washer, a minimum amount of knowledge and a little effort is enough. Also for this purpose, a winding using a multimer is used. To find the right wires, you need to ring the winding. This will allow you to select the right pairs for connection. Everything is done very simply. The multimeter is connected to one wire, and the other end of the device should take turns touching the other wires to find the right pair. It is also worth fixing in advance what value of winding resistance is present. This information will be useful in the future. After the end of the ringing procedure, you should get 2 windings that would have different resistance indicators.
These windings are divided into two completely different types. One has an indicator of working resistance. The second type of winding refers to the number of starting parts. It is known that the value of the resistance of the working winding should be less than the starting one. In order for the motor from the washer to work fully, you need to use either a button or a special starting relay. As a button, you can even take the one that is installed for the doorbell. The main thing is that it does not have a fixed contact.
New life for an old motor - use for other purposes
The process of connecting the engine, which remained from the old washer, is incredibly simple and easy. It is enough to find the right and useful application for it. Then he can serve you for some more time. You can experiment and make really useful equipment that will simplify your life in other areas. A little imagination and skill is enough to make it work.
