The 4Matic all-wheel drive system is a development of Mercedes-Benz and is installed on some models of passenger cars. The name 4Matic is a registered trademark. The transmission of vehicles with the 4Matic system has only an automatic transmission.
The history of the 4Matic all-wheel drive system includes three generations:
Generation, cars |
Drive characteristic |
1 generation (since 1986) E-class (type 124) |
automatic all-wheel drive, mechanical inter-axle and rear inter-wheel differential locks, drive control using two hydraulic clutches, when the ABS system is activated, all-wheel drive is turned off |
2 generation (since 1997) E-class (type 210) |
permanent four-wheel drive, inter-axle and inter-wheel differentials of free type, blocking of inter-wheel differentials is simulated using a traction control system |
3rd generation (since 2002) C-class (type 203) E-class (type 211) S-class (type 220) |
permanent four-wheel drive, free-type inter-axle and inter-wheel differentials, movement control with the help of a road stability system, including a traction control system |
The latest generation 4Matic all-wheel drive system includes an automatic transmission, transfer case, front and rear axle drive trains, final drive and cross-axle differential of the front and rear axles, drive shafts with equal angular velocity joints, rear wheel axle shafts.
The central structural element of the 4Matic system is the transfer box, which provides stepless distribution of torque along the vehicle's axes. The transfer case combines a double planetary gearbox, spur gears, and drive shafts.
The planetary gearbox performs the function of an asymmetric center differential in the box. The transmission of torque occurs in such a way that 40% of its nominal value falls on the front axle, 60% on the rear axle (on some models this ratio is 45:55).
The drive shaft is connected to the planetary gear carrier. The rear axle drive shaft is driven by a larger diameter sun gear. The front axle drive shaft is hollow, connected to a small-diameter sun gear, on the other hand, with the help of cylindrical gears, it is connected to the cardan drive of the front axle.
The 4Matic system does not provide for inter-axle and inter-axle differential locks. Automatic vehicle stability control is provided by the ESP stability control system, which includes the ETS traction control system, the ASR traction control system and the ABS anti-lock brake system.
System ETS(Electric Traction System) is similar in design to the electronic differential lock. When triggered, the system simulates the blocking of interwheel differentials by braking the slipping wheels. At the same time, the torque on the wheel with better grip is increased, which ensures confident acceleration from a standstill, acceleration on roads with poor coverage, i.e., stable driving in difficult conditions.
* Actual vehicle color and equipment may differ from image shown
Powerful and economical engine, which is installed on the Mercedes GLC 250 4MATIC, opens up new opportunities for SUV owners. The two-liter engine consumes only 6.5-7.1 l / 100 km in the combined cycle, which is an excellent indicator for the SUV class. The dynamics are also at their best: engine power is 211 hp, maximum speed is 222 km/h, and acceleration time to 100 km/h is 7.3 s.
The GLC 250 4MATIC stands out for its well-thought-out equipment: already in the basic version of the SUV, there are numerous electronic systems that increase driving comfort and safety. The 4MATIC permanent all-wheel drive guarantees optimal traction, whatever the road conditions. The 9-speed automatic transmission 9G-TRONIC will help you feel like driving a sports car.
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Technological systems (basic equipment)
- AKP 9G-TRONIC, DIRECT automatic transmission selector and DIRECT gearshift paddles
- DYNAMIC with five driving modes
- ECO start/stop function
- AGILITY CONTROL chassis with selective damping system
- ADAPTIVE BRAKE with HOLD function, Hill Start Assist, Brake Pre-Build and Wet Brake Dry function
- Driver fatigue recognition system ATTENTION ASSIST
- Anti-lock braking system (ABS)
- Pedestrian protection (active bonnet)
- knee airbagfor the driver + o mounted airbags
- Tire pressure monitoring system
- Electric parking brake with automatic disengagement when starting off
- Electronic Stability Program (ESP® )with crosswind function
- Multimedia system with Internet access with multimedia display (17.8 cm) Audio 20 USB + d loudspeakers with Frontbass system- 5 pieces.
- Mercedes-Benz emergency call system
Specifications
dimensions
*The number of cars is limited. The special price is valid when you hand over a Mercedes-Benz car or another premium brand in Trade-in, apply for a CASCO policy and a loan at Mercedes-Benz Bank Rus. Additional equipment may be installed on vehicles
4 matic mercedes is an additional option for driving a car. Without which you can not do on the road in winter and in conditions of unstable road surface. Mercedes equipped with all-wheel drive will help you get from point A to point B on time, and without resorting to the services of a tow truck in case the car got into a snowfall.
History(I)
4matic works on the principle of distributing the torque of the motor separately to each axis of the machine. The 4matic technology was developed by Mercedes together with Steyr Daimler Pasch, a company that assembled in Austria. Four-wheel steering immediately works in tandem with the automatic transmission. The option is available for sedans, hatchbacks, off-road and commercial vehicles (and).
At the end of 2016, Mercedes Benz launched the 4matic plus system into serial sales. Here it became possible to turn off the 4-wheel drive and connect it only to the 2 rear ones.
History 4 matic consists of 5 successive series. The first prototypes of the 4matic system appeared in 1904 and were tested by Paul Daimler. The first light truck was produced in 1907. The large-scale production of vehicles equipped with 4-wheel steering began in 1951 with the Unimog farm truck.
Officially, 4 matic was introduced by Mercedes in Germany in 1985. This system was installed on Mercedes * * and. The locking center differential sends 30% of the torque to the front axle of the car and 70% to the rear axle of the car. The force of the power unit is divided equally between the 2 rear wheels. The front differential was left unoccupied to increase stability and enhance the vehicle's safety features.
The clutches block the differential, they are hydraulically actuated. The system is controlled by the on-board computer and takes readings from speed sensors, ABS and steering wheel movements.
In the 80s the system worked in three modes
- 2 differentials disabled
- center differential is locked
- all differentials are locked
When the brake pedal is pressed on both differentials, the lock is removed. The engine torque transmitted to the axles in a ratio of 30/70 was focused on fast and confident acceleration of the car. Drifting when both pairs of wheels are connected is impossible.
History(II)
In the late 80s, all-wheel drive was available as an option for everyone with diesel and gasoline engines of 2.6 and 3 liters. The second 4matic series has been used on Mercedes in the back since the late 90s. The 4matic mode was complete with an unoccupied differential, the traction control function simulated a locking center differential. The ETS system controlled traction control. Only left-hand drive vehicles were equipped with the ETC function.
The third variation of the 4matic mode appeared in 2002, and was introduced for bodies, and. The on-board computer controlled directional stability and controlled traction. The fourth version of the 4-matic system has been installed on cars since 2006.
In 2014, the latest generation of all-wheel drive was used for the first time on models
- CLA 45
- GL500
The drive is not permanent, but connected as needed, which significantly reduces fuel consumption by almost 18%.
The body-mounted 4matic plus system consists of an electrically operated multi-disc clutch that cuts off power pressure on the front wheelset when needed.
How 4matic works
4matic mode is designed for uncompromising driving on snow, sand, ice and gravel. When used, roll is reduced when cornering. Acceleration picks up faster and there is enough engine power to tow a trailer or other car. The ESP system and the powertrain traction control function work as auxiliary elements of the all-wheel drive.
Torque distribution by the ETC program is guided by sensor data:
- ABS (traction control system)
- functions to maintain a constant speed when descending a mountain
It then distributes the force to each wheel separately in unstable road conditions.
Episode 3
The 3-series all-wheel drive distributes torque for sedans and light SUVs at a ratio of 40 to the front wheelset and 60% of the torque to the rear. For SUVs 50 to 50. For business class and commercial vehicles 45 to 55. For sedans 33 to 67.
The 4matic 3 series system works in tandem with: an automatic transmission, a cardan shaft that distributes its force to the front of the car, a transfer case, the transmission of the force of the cardan shaft to the rear wheelset, first gear, front and rear between the wheel differential, rear two wheel axles.
The transfer case performs the main function in the Mercedes-Benz all-wheel drive system, it distributes the necessary torque force of the vehicle's power unit. It controls the gearbox, which acts as an asymmetric center differential, gears in the form of cylinders, and drive shafts. The gearbox works in tandem with the drive shaft. The rear shaft is driven by a sun gear. The front shaft is empty inside. It works in tandem with a smaller sun gear and is connected to the driveshaft of the front axle.
Episode 4
4 series 4 matic functions together with a cylindrical differential, it is blocked by a friction clutch with two discs. The distribution of engine torque is 45% to the front axle and 55% to the rear. When picking up speed with a car passing through an icy road. The locking of the center differential is carried out by a friction clutch, which aligns and stabilizes the body of the Mercedes.
The clutch can slip in turns if the difference in the differentials of the front and rear axles of the machine exceeds 45 Nm / metres. Tires do not grind the road surface. Such control during this period performs the 4ETC function by means of pressure on the brake discs.
Stabilization functions:
in the management of the Mercedes body in critical situations, they add torque to the power unit. The 4th generation of all-wheel drive was first installed on a Mercedes body.
Episode 5
5 series all-wheel drive is paired with a motor mounted in the hood across. 4 matic of the fifth series is connected only when necessary (which significantly saves fuel). If a front axle drive is enough for a Mercedes to pass a certain section, then there is no rationality in using the entire drive. When the wheels slip, the control system for all 4 wheels is immediately connected at the same time. As soon as the car has stabilized, the electric drive cuts off the transmission of torque to the rear wheels. All-wheel drive stabilizes the body roll of the car before the ESP and 4ETS auxiliary systems intervene.
The PTU control unit adds power to the rear wheelset. It is part of the automatic transmission 7-G tronic with dual wet clutch. This block is small in size, due to this, the total weight of the car has decreased. In the absence of critical and emergency situations, the torque is distributed along the axes in half.
- When picking up speed 60/40
- winding road 50/50
- loss of grip with the road surface of the front wheelset 10/90
- during emergency braking 100/0
So what exactly is 4matic?
This all-wheel drive system improves driving stability under all driving conditions and road conditions, even in the event of an accident. But you need to remember all the time that even the smartest additional option to control the sporty character of the car with unloading the driver in daily and critical situations. With big pluses in the safety of the car. With extra traction and driving stability on unstable road surfaces. 4 the matic cannot go beyond the physical boundaries.
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The 4Matic all-wheel drive system is used in the design of both off-road vehicles and passenger cars. In today's article we will talk about the history of the emergence of this system and its varieties.
Story
Most motorists know that all-wheel drive systems appeared a relatively long time ago, and were initially installed along with a manual transmission. However, the 4Matic transmission system, developed by Mercedes-Benz, only cooperates with automatic transmissions.
4Matic 1 was first introduced in early 1986. It was installed on a Mercedes E-class W124 car, where it worked automatically.
The principle of operation of the system is as follows: its design is based on a mechanical differential lock. The control is carried out with the help of two hydraulic clutches. The main advantage of the system is that when the ABS system is activated, 4Matic automatically turns off.
1997 was marked by the debut of the second generation all-wheel drive, which was first used on the Mercedes W210. Now all-wheel drive has become permanent. This was achieved by installing free-type differentials, which are blocked by activating the traction system.
The debut of the third modification took place in 2002. The novelty, unlike its predecessors, has become more in demand, and they began to install it in other models of the company. As for the drive system, it is, as in the previous version, constant. As for the differentials, they are also free. The regulation of the system is carried out by the system of exchange rate stability, which controls the traction force, and the moment of on / off.
The fourth modification system was first demonstrated to the public in 2006. It was tested on a Mercedes S550 car. Despite the fact that the system had the maximum similarity with its predecessor, it was regulated exclusively by the on-board computer.
At the moment, the fifth generation system is considered the most modern. The new system began to be used in even more models. For example, in 2013, 4Matic 5 was installed on the CLA 45 AMG and GL550. It should be noted that this system is fully robotic, and automatically distributes the axial load.
It is worth noting that the company's engineers have already begun work on the next version, and they promise that now it will be possible to control the PP system using buttons.
Features of the 4Matic system
At the moment, the 3rd generation is the most popular. The main reason for this lies in the relatively low cost and excellent quality of the system.
The 4Matic PP system set includes:
- automatic transmission;
- front and rear axle with cardan gears;
- transfer case;
- front and rear differential;
- axle shafts of the rear wheels;
- multi-speed angular joints.
If we analyze this set, we can conclude that 4Matic is a really complex mechanism, which, due to its features, cannot work with “mechanics”. The main element is the transfer case, due to which the torque is distributed. Plus, with its help, the gearbox, drive shaft and spur gears are combined.
So how does the 4Matic all-wheel drive system work? To begin with, the drive shaft is connected to a gearbox, the rear axle of which receives rotational power from a large gear, or, as some people call it, a sun gear. The front axle is connected on one side to a smaller gear, and on the other side to a cardan drive, also due to gears.
Principle of operation
Now we are talking in more detail about the Mercedes 4Matic software system. It should be noted right away that proportionally, the axial load is distributed as follows: 40% to 60%, with an advantage on the rear. Do not forget that the function of an asymmetric center differential is taken over by a planetary gearbox. On some models, you can find slightly different distribution rates: 45% to 55%.
It is worth noting that in cars that are equipped with a PP and automatic transmission system, there is no inter-axle and inter-axle differential blocker. Due to the vehicle's stability control system, traction control system, anti-lock braking system and traction control system, the on-board computer automatically adjusts the distribution of torque.
However, the developers immediately stated that cars equipped with the 4Matic all-wheel drive system consume more fuel than similar models with conventional equipment. More precisely, the level of fuel consumption increases by 0.4 liters for every 100 kilometers. At first glance, not so much, but if you look at it on a larger scale, it turns out to be a serious figure.
The differential lock is carried out by activating the ETS system. Here is the same principle of operation as in the electronic blocker. The system automatically triggers the required moment, and the slipping wheel is braked, and instead of it, the wheel is additionally loaded, which has normal grip with the road surface.
Due to these innovations, a car with a PP system boasts a good starting speed, stable movement on poor-quality road surfaces and excellent handling.
Conclusion
The 4Matic all-wheel drive system is one of the most popular. At the moment, the developers have already released as many as five versions that do not feel serious competition.
Initially, the system was developed for a limited number of models, but over time their number has grown.
The 3rd generation system is in the greatest demand. This is primarily due to the fact that it was at the beginning of the 2000s that a sharp rise in the German concern Mercedes began. In order to meet the needs of the market, the company has dramatically increased productivity and reduced the cost of cars.
As a result, we can say that the system is not particularly complicated, nevertheless it is very good and shows itself perfectly on SUVs, for example, such as or.
Video
From the AMG Sport line. In the model range of the manufacturer, the car took a place one step lower than the “charged” one from the AMG court studio.
In terms of technology, the new Mercedes GLE 450 AMG (later renamed it GLE 43) completely repeats a similar version. Here is the same 3.0-liter V6 biturbo with 367 hp. and 520 Nm of torque, which is available in the range from 2,000 to 4,200 rpm.
Options and prices Mercedes-AMG GLE 43 2020
The engine is paired with a 9G-Tronic 9-band automatic transmission, which by default transmits traction to all wheels in a ratio of 40:60 in favor of the rear axle. From zero to hundreds of Mercedes-AMG GLE 43 accelerates in 5.7 seconds, and its top speed is electronically limited to 250 km/h.
The standard equipment of the sports utility vehicle includes Sports Direct-Steer steering and air suspension (in Sport and Sport Plus modes, ground clearance is reduced by 15 mm) with adaptive dampers. The control electronics has five operating modes: Individual, Comfort, Slippery, Sport and Sport Plus.
Outside, the Mercedes-Benz GLE 450 AMG 4MATIC gives out an original bumper with enlarged air intakes, a different grille, chrome exhaust pipes and exclusive 20-inch wheels (21 diameter wheels are offered for an extra charge).
Inside, the car flaunts a sports steering wheel with a truncated rim, metal pedals, Nappa leather, aluminum trim elements, as well as decorative inserts made of carbon fiber or covered with black piano lacquer (optional).
The price of the new Mercedes-AMG GLE 43 2020 in Russia is 5,390,000 rubles.
