The D 144 engine is universal, as it was installed in more than 10 types of equipment - tractors, rollers, asphalt pavers, etc. In this regard, it is very easy to get spare parts for it. It is also unusual that the engine is air-cooled.
The D 144 engine is diesel. Its development and further production was carried out by the Vladimir Motor and Transport Plant, which, in turn, is a special enterprise for the development of similar motors. In conclusion, we can say that D 144 is installed in various technical means of foreign origin.
Engine Advantages
- Ease of repair
- The presence of a lever. Responsible for turning on / off the hydraulic pump
- Fuel savings due to the use of a single-plunger fuel pump
Engine Disadvantages
- Cast iron exhaust manifold
- Cooling not fast enough
- Topping up oil every 2-3 months
- Oil seepage through the stuffing box on the HF
Specifications
Characteristics are divided into two groups - basic and unique.
Basic Features:
- cylinder size - 105/120 mm;
- working volume - 4.16 l;
- torque reserve - 15%;
- dry motor weight / with filling tanks - 375/390 kg.
- length / width / height - 919/741/848 mm.
Due to the rather high power, the D 144 engine showed itself well in various operating conditions - both at low and at high temperatures.
The D 144 engine has 3 versions that differ in power, namely 60, 50 and 37 hp. respectively.
A small fuel consumption is achieved by the presence of air cooling.
Since these engines are in demand in various fields of human activity, VMTZ is seriously engaged in the development of a modified version of this engine.
Work principles
Engine operation is simple and similar to other diesel engines. The engine is started using a starter. In addition, in many vehicles where D 144 is installed, the starter is automatic, and glow plugs are used to facilitate starting. Consider the arrangement of the main systems of the unit.
Supply system
The power system is not unique, no differences from similar engines are observed. Fuel is supplied by an in-line fuel pump. There are nozzles of the closed type and a multi-layer atomizer. There are 2 types of fuel filters - coarse and fine.
The advantage of filters lies in their versatility, since they are easy to replace and it is possible to replace them with similar ones from other engines. An air cleaner is installed, which is a paper element.
Lubrication system
Lubrication is carried out in a combined way - it is sprayed under pressure on the desired surfaces. Cooling of liquid is carried out in a special radiator. This eliminates the need for liquid cooling. Also, since some of the heat escapes through an additional radiator, the use of air cooling is sufficient. The system includes an engine driven oil pump and a filter.
Cooling system
In the first versions, the motor was passively cooled, but in the latest modifications, a fan was installed that performs forced cooling. Its torque is transmitted through a belt drive. At the same time, it drives the KV fan.
electrical equipment
Of the electrical equipment, the D 144 engine has only two parts - a starter and a generator.
The generator produces alternating current, but it also has a built-in rectifier to convert the current. The voltage is 12/24V and the power is 700-1000W.
The starter is standard. The voltage will also be 12/24. B, but on different engines it has different power - 4 kW and 5.9 kW, respectively.
Prohibitions during operation
Engine disassembly is carried out in accordance with the malfunctions that were before the disassembly itself.
Replacement of piston group parts
Rings are replaced if the fence in the lock of the ring exceeds 5mm. Grooves for rings and oil outlets are cleaned of carbon deposits, and the piston is washed with diesel fuel. Installed rings should move smoothly in the grooves and sink into them.
The pistons are replaced when the clearance in height between the upper groove and the compression ring is more than 0.5 mm, and also in the case when the clearance of 0.5 mm between the piston skirt and the cylinder is exceeded when the piston is at TDC. When installing the piston, the ring locks are set at an angle of 90 degrees to one another, but they should not be against the pin hole. In this case, the pistons are installed only in the same cylinders in which they worked.
Replacement of inserts KV
The liners must be replaced under the following conditions:
- clearance in connecting rod bearings - 0.4 mm
- clearance in main bearings - 0.35 mm
- neck ovality - 0.15 mm
KV necks, as well as bearings, are made in two ratings. The upper and lower liners are selected by the manufacturer, and violation of their completeness is a violation of operation.
When assembling the crankshaft, all oil supply channels in the crankcase and crankshaft must be cleaned, washed with diesel fuel and purged with compressed air. The beds and outer surfaces of the liners are wiped dry, and the shaft necks are covered with a thin layer of engine oil.
The crankshaft should move freely in tightened bearings, and the lower heads of the connecting rods should move along the necks from the force of the hand.
Conclusion
Motor D 144 justifies the expression "price = quality" by its existence. It has many advantages, but do not forget about the weaknesses of the engine, which are more related to various consumables.
Vladimir Motor Tractor Plant has been producing tractors and engines for them since 1945. One of the most popular and well-known products of this enterprise is the D-144 engine, which will be discussed in this article. It is important to know the technical characteristics of the D-144 engine for the operation of the equipment on which it is installed.
Diesel power unit D-144 produced by VMTZ is installed on more than 10 different models of equipment. These machines include T-40, LTZ-55 and T-28 tractors, concrete mixers, rollers, asphalt pavers and loaders. It is also widely used in diesel welding units and as a drive for small power plants. The obvious advantages of this motor include the availability of spare parts, good maintainability, high service life and ease of operation.
D-144 engine
Main characteristics
Motor D-144 has the following overall dimensions:
- the length of the power unit is 919 mm;
- the width, in turn, is 741 mm;
- the height is 848 mm.
There are three modifications of the D-144 engine. The first version of this motor has a power of 60 hp. and the following characteristics:
- crankshaft rotation speed is 2000 rpm;
- maximum torque is 221 newtons per meter;
- fuel consumption is 242 grams per watt per hour.
The 50 horsepower version of the motor has the following features:
- the speed is 1800 rpm;
- torque has a value of 205 newtons per meter;
- the fuel consumption indicator stopped at around 241 grams per watt per hour.
The third version of the motor has a capacity of 37 horsepower. This unit has the following specifications:
- the number of revolutions of the crankshaft per minute - 1500 rpm;
- torque - 192 N × m;
Each of these versions of the D-144 ICE is equipped with four cylinders arranged in a row. The cylinder diameter is 120 mm, in a modification with a power of 37 hp. - 105 mm. Below are the features common to each of the three versions of the diesel:
- the working volume of each of the cylinders is 4.16 liters;
- the weight of the D-144 engine in running order varies from 375 to 390 kg, depending on the configuration;
- the value of oil consumption ranges from 0.3 to 0.5% of the original amount. This value depends on the amount of fuel used.
Engine device
The principle of operation of the D-144 engine does not differ from other internal combustion engines. The power unit is started by means of a starter, and in some models of equipment this device is automatic. The starter voltage can be either 12 or 24 V, while its power varies in various modifications and can be 4 or 5.9 kW. The unit is equipped with spark plugs.
The basis of the motor design is a one-piece body on which the cylinder heads are mounted. At the same time, the cylinder block as such, as well as on other air-cooled internal combustion engines, is not provided in the D-144. There is also a piston group consisting of pistons with a diameter of 105 mm. There is also a combustion chamber.
Fuel pump diagram
Fuel supply is carried out using an in-line injection pump - a high-pressure fuel pump. D-144 is an injection engine with closed nozzles. Also in the design of this motor there are two fuel purification systems. Both of these fuel filters - coarse and fine - are versatile and easily replaceable. In addition to the fuel filter, the D-144 has an inertial oil air filter.
The engine lubrication system consists of an oil pump, a filter and a radiator for cooling the lubricant. The lubrication process in the D-144 occurs by spraying a pressurized liquid onto all surfaces of the motor. The oil filter is easily replaceable, and the cooling radiator is a metal tube.
Early versions of the D-144 had a passive cooling system. However, the latest versions of the motor include a forced cooling system. Its main element is an automatic axial fan with a belt drive that transmits torque.
The design of the engine provides an electric generator that provides alternating current. The generator has a rectifier that converts alternating current to direct current, and a voltage regulator. The voltage of this device is 12 or 24 V, and its power varies from 700 to 1000 watts.
Optional equipment
VMTZ offers customers the installation of additional options for the power unit of its production.
Thus, the new D-144 engine can be equipped with the following units:
- Updated injection pump of domestic or Czech production.
- Pneumatic compressor.
- Hydraulic pump.
- Electrical equipment of increased power.
- Additional sensors for emergency temperature, pressure and other parameters of the motor.
- Additional lever for stopping the injection pump.
The engine is used on various vehicles
Engine Disadvantages
In addition to the advantages, the VMTZ power unit has the following disadvantages:
- the relative unreliability of the steel exhaust manifold, which burns out over time;
- do-it-yourself fuel pump repair is difficult to carry out due to the design features of the motor;
- insufficient efficiency of the air cooling system;
- high oil consumption, including due to leaks through the oil seal located on the crankshaft.
Price and repair
You can buy a used D-144 engine both from individuals and in various workshops and salons. According to various catalogs, in 2018 the minimum price of a used D-144 diesel engine after a major overhaul, which includes a complete disassembly, cleaning and checking of the engine, valve adjustment, repair of the crankshaft, cylinder block, fuel and oil supply systems, as well as systems cooling, starts from 10,000 rubles. Used engines will cost the buyer at least 35,000 rubles, depending on the year of manufacture and the general condition of the motor.
The advantage of the D-144 diesel engine is its versatility. It is installed on at least ten types of specialized equipment, and in each case it effectively performs the assigned functions. Such a unit is distinguished by ease of maintenance, reliability, relatively low cost and excellent technical characteristics. The technical characteristics of the D-144 engine ensured its popularity in the market.
Motor Description
Excellent technical characteristics, long service life and reliability of the D-144 engine are ensured by the presence of various innovative solutions in its design. These units have air cooling, which makes it impossible for breakdowns due to overheating.
The plant that produces such engines offers customers several series with different technical parameters. One of the most popular is the model developed for regions with harsh conditions. D-144, which has all the relevant technical characteristics, in this version is able to operate at extremely low air temperatures.
Considering all the advantages of the engine, it can be argued that it can represent serious competition for domestic and foreign power plants. Another feature of the D-144 engine is the presence of a free intake. Such a unit can be effectively operated in conditions of limited air exchange.
The device and characteristics of the main engine systems
The principle of operation of the D-144 is as simple as possible and is no different from conventional internal combustion engines. The engine is started using a starter (in some devices it is automatic). To facilitate starting, glow plugs are present in the design of the power plant.
Power system - technical parameters
Diesel is supplied by means of a fuel pump (all-mode, in-line). There are many other equipment:
- multi-layer atomizer;
- coarse and fine fuel filters;
- closed nozzles.
Lubricant
The lubrication of the working units of the engine is carried out in combination. Oil splashing occurs under pressure. Lubrication fluid is cooled in a special radiator. This system includes a filter and an oil pump.
Cooling - Key Features
Modern D-144s are equipped with forced air cooling. It comes in the form of a fan. It turns on after the temperature rise sensor in the system is triggered. Air cooling is supplemented by a radiator through which oil passes.
Electrical equipment - technical specifications
The D-144 electrical equipment includes a starter and a generator. The latter produces alternating current. It is converted to DC by a built-in rectifier. There is a voltage regulator that eliminates possible surges. Generator voltage - 12/24 V, power - 700-1000 W.
Specifications
Specifications D-144 are presented in the following table:
Assembly maintenance
Maintenance of the D-144 should be carried out after a certain period of operation and in preparation for the new season (autumn-winter, spring-summer). Oil change is carried out every 500 hours of operation. After 15 hours of operation, the condition of the cylinders and the oil cooler is checked. Filters must be replaced, valve clearances and drive tension checked.
Every 1000 hours of operation, the engine is overhauled and its technical characteristics are checked. To do this, the mechanism is opened, the valve cover is revised, all fluids are replaced.
Modifications
Over the entire period of production of the D-144, the engine underwent some changes in its characteristics, which led to the appearance of a large number of modifications. They are designated as follows:
- 144-XX;
- 144-XXM;
- 144-ХХ.УУ.
In this case, XX indicate a specific model, M - the presence of special characteristics, YU - the region of operation. Each of the modifications has some differences from the basic one, which allows it to be operated more efficiently in specific conditions.
The main feature of the D-144 engine is its versatility. It has been installed in more than 10 different types of equipment. These are tractors, asphalt pavers, and many others. That is why it will not be difficult to find spare parts for it. It has many different benefits. First of all, these are: ease of repair, efficiency and affordability.
Another important feature is air cooling. Which is quite unusual for modern engines. Such a technical solution has both its pros and cons. There are several different types of D-144 - they all differ from each other primarily in power.
The history of the creation of the D-144 engine
The D-144 engine is an air-cooled diesel unit. It is an upgraded version of the D-120 and D-130 engines. Their development and subsequent release was organized at VMTZ. At the moment, the improvement of this motor continues, its constant updating.
LLC "Vladimir Motor Tractor Plant" is a specialized enterprise for the development of such engines. That is why the D-144 is competitive not only in our domestic market, but also in the world. The installation of this unit is practiced in foreign technical means for various purposes.
2. Applicability of D-144, its main characteristics
The versatility of this motor deserves special attention. D-144 at various times was installed in the following equipment:
- tractor: , ;
- track vehicles: PRM, MSSU;
- units for the implementation of welding work - ADD;
- power plants of various types - ED-16-T400, AD-16-T400;
- compressor stations - PKSD;
- much more.
Such prevalence is easily explained by the large number of advantages of using this engine. Ease of use is one of the most important. To perform maintenance and even to replace any parts, a minimum number of tools and skills are required. With all this, the resource of this engine is quite large.
All characteristics can be divided into main groups - basic, which take place in all varieties without exception, and unique, differing.
2.1 Basic characteristics
The main parameters of the D-244 are as follows:
- cylinder size (its diameter) - 105/120 mm;
- working volume of the cylinder - 4.16 l;
- torque reserve value - 15% (nominal);
- oil consumption in the form of waste - 0.3-0.5%, depending on the amount of fuel consumed;
- diesel engine weight, depending on the condition (together with filling tanks / dry) - 375-390 kg.
The parameters indicated above are universal, identical regardless of the specific modification. At the same time, there are a large number of different nuances. One of the main features is the overall dimensions. They are also the same on all types of the D-144 motor:
- length - 919 mm;
- width - 741 mm;
- height - 848 mm.
Also, it is the overall dimensions that determine the possibility of installing the motor in equipment of various types. An important factor is the power of the motor. It allows you to implement a variety of tasks. The engine has proven itself well in various operating conditions - both at extremely low temperatures and vice versa - at high ones.
2.2 The main characteristics of various types of the D-144 engine
All D-144 engines are divided into 3 types according to the output power. So, models with an operating power of 44.1 kW (60 hp), have the following performance characteristics:
- crankshaft rotation speed - 2,000 rpm;
- cylinder volume (working) - 4.16 l;
- number of working cylinders - 4 pcs.;
- torque, maximum - 221 N × m;
- the value of the specific fuel consumption gram / W × h - 242.
There are also 50 and 37 hp models. 50 hp engine have the following operating parameters:
- crankshaft rotation speed - 1,800 rpm;
- working volume of cylinders - 4.16 l .;
- maximum torque, N × m - 205;
- specific fuel consumption, grams / Wh - 241;
- number of working cylinders - 4.
37 hp engine:
- number of working cylinders - 4;
- the working volume of each, l - 4.16;
- the value of the maximum torque, rpm - 1,500;
- cylinder diameter, mm - 105;
- maximum torque, N × m - 192.
Currently, VMTZ is developing a modified version of this type of engine. The reason for this is its demand in various spheres of human activity. Air cooling is important. It is due to this, in part, that a relatively low fuel consumption is achieved with a sufficiently high output power.
3. The device of the main systems, the principle of operation
The operation of the D-144 is as simple as possible, it is similar to conventional diesel-fuelled internal combustion engines. Start of installation is carried out by a starter. Moreover, in some technical means where the D-144 unit is installed, this starter is automatic. Glow plugs act as a starting aid. Their limiting angles of inclination are as follows:
- longitudinal - 200;
- transverse - 200.
3.1 Power system
The engine power system of this type is completely standard, there are simply no significant differences from similar units. The diesel is supplied with the help of an in-line fuel pump, all-powered. Nozzles are installed closed type, there is a multi-layer atomizer.
There are two types of different fuel filters installed:
- fine cleaning;
- rough cleaning.
Both filters are easy and quick to replace. Their main advantage is versatility. Similar consumables are also suitable from other motors. There is an air cleaner. It is a paper element. There is an inertia-oil gasket.
3.2 Lubrication system
Lubrication of all components is carried out in a combined way. Under pressure, spraying occurs on all necessary surfaces. Direct cooling of the lubricating fluid itself takes place in a special radiator. It is due to him that it becomes possible not to use liquid cooling in this motor. Enough air - as part of the heat goes through a special additional radiator.
The engine lubrication system also includes an oil pump and a filter. Gear pump, driven by engine. The oil filter is replaceable. Like paper, it comes from various other types of motors. The oil cooling radiator is made of finned tube.
3.3 Cooling system
Initially, the D-144 was cooled only passively. But the latest modifications are equipped with a special fan for forced air cooling. This fan is axial, turns on automatically when a special sensor is triggered. Torque is transmitted through a belt drive. Operates the HF motor fan.
The regulator of the thermal state of the motor is forced / seasonal. Air cooling of the engine with a radiator is complemented by a radiator through which the oil passes.
3.4 Electrical equipment
The set of electronic equipment of this engine includes only two elements:
- starter;
- generator.
The generator produces alternating current at the output, a rectifier is built into it - it is he who is responsible for converting alternating current to direct current. There is a special voltage regulator - it equalizes the jumps, if any. The rated voltage of the generator is 12/24 V. Its power can vary from 700 to 1,000 watts.
The starter is standard on this type of engine. Its voltage can also be either 12 or 24 V. At the same time, the power varies depending on the type of a particular engine. She may be:
- 4 kW;
- 5.9 kW.
4. Additional equipment, devices
This engine can, if necessary, be equipped with a fairly extensive list of various additional equipment. First of all, it is an air compressor. The reason for this is its demand for construction equipment. It is in it that the D-144 is usually installed. The lubrication system of such a compressor is forced, while the cooling is passive, air.
The hydraulic system can also be mounted on this engine. Since various kinds of attachments are often used. For example, if the D-144 is installed on a tractor for agricultural and other work. Another fairly frequently installed additional equipment is the tachospeedometer drive.
5. Experience in using the D-144, its strengths and weaknesses
For 2016, a lot of reviews have accumulated about the operation of this engine. All the pros and cons of this motor are revealed, depending on the modifications, conditions of use. In part, this is one of its main advantages. Since the owner already knows what to expect from the unit for a certain period of work, mileage.
The most significant pluses include the ease of repair of the engine itself. Many install the D-144 not only on tractors developed at the factory, but also on home-made ones. This is possible precisely because of the versatility of this motor. The generator deserves special attention. It produces a three-phase current, and on one of its windings there is a direct current.
For this reason, there is no need to install an additional current rectifier. At the same time, the presence of a relay-regulator is strictly necessary. Do not forget about this when assembling the tractor yourself and completing its D-144.
Many users highlight the fact that there is a special lever that allows you to turn on / off the hydraulic pump. It is usually dyed in other colors. The picture below is blue. 
The fuel pump is installed single-plunger. It is due to it that quite significant fuel savings take place.
If necessary, it is possible to install additional options on the engine. This is supercharging and autonomous injection.
In addition to a large number of different advantages, there are also certain disadvantages. These should primarily include:
- the exhaust manifold is made of steel, not cast iron - over time it burns out and smoke begins to come out in different directions;
- there is a breather nut on the fuel pump - getting to it without a special key is quite difficult, almost impossible;
- air cooling does not allow to cool the engine quickly enough if necessary;
- every 2-3 months it is necessary to top up the oil;
- oil often seeps through the oil seal on the crankshaft.
6. The price of the D-144 engine
The cost of the D-144 engine depends on its condition, as well as some other important points - this is the year of manufacture, the number of hours worked, as well as the equipment on which it was previously used.
Directly from the factory, a new motor will cost about 150 thousand rubles. At the same time, already used can be purchased for a much smaller amount. For example, engines produced in 2003 in fairly good condition will cost 50-100 thousand rubles apiece.
7. Conclusion
Today, the D-144 has many different advantages. At the same time, it is important to remember about its certain features. First of all, these are some weak points of the motor. This applies to all kinds of sealing gum, otherwise. If possible, before purchasing a used engine, you should carefully examine it for leaks.
If there are extraneous noises in the work - you should refuse to buy. For all the time of its existence, the use of the D-144 has shown itself only on the positive side.
The D144 engine is a four-stroke diesel engine, more advanced and modernized compared to the D120 and D130 diesel engines produced by VMTZ. The widest range of application of the D144 engine in various machines causes a huge demand among consumers, as well as the recognition of specialists.
D144 engines are equipped with:
- tractors T-40, LTZ-55, T28X4M;
- power plants AD-16-T400-1VP, ED-16-T400-1VP;
- lift trucks 4014D, 40811, 40261, 40271, 40816;
- road rollers DU-63-1, DU-93;
- truck mixers SB-92-V1, SB-172-1; DU-47B, DU-94;
- asphalt pavers DS-143, DS-155;
- compressor stations such as ZIF and PKSD;
- welding units of ADD type;
- track machines PRM and MSSHU.
Reliability and efficiency of D 144 engines with air is achieved through the use of modern technologies and the introduction of the latest developments of world manufacturers. offers for sale engines D 144 and in the northern version, the start of which is possible at temperatures up to - 45C. All VMTZ products are covered by a quality guarantee.
The technical parameters of the D 144 allow this engine to become competitive not only in the domestic market, but also among world analogues. Engine dimensions D 144 - length 919 mm, width 741 mm, height 848 mm. The mass of the engine, depending on the configuration, can be from 375 kg to 390 kg. The operational power of the D144 engine is 60 hp, at a nominal crankshaft speed of 2000 rpm. The engine cylinders are arranged in four rows in a vertical position, their working volume is 4.15 liters.
Engines D 144 offered by OAO Vladimir Motor and Tractor Plant, all engine models are certified. D 144 engines have long won trust and have proven themselves among buyers and are distinguished by their efficient operation. D144 have economical fuel consumption and compliance with strict environmental standards.
The principle of operation of the four-stroke D144 consists of sequential operations. In the first stroke, a portion of air is drawn into the cylinder through the intake valve. The second cycle of operation - the intake and exhaust valves are closed, and the air is compressed in volume by about 17 times, as a result of which the air becomes very hot. Before the start of the third stroke, the so-called power stroke, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber through the injector nozzle. During injection, the fuel is atomized into fine particles, which are evenly mixed with compressed air to create a self-igniting mixture. During combustion, energy is released and the engine piston D 144 begins its movement in the stroke of the stroke. The injection continues and causes the combustion fuel to maintain a constant pressure on the piston. On the fourth stroke, the exhaust valve opens and exhaust gases pass through the exhaust valve.
Main technical characteristics of the D144 diesel engine
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brand |
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Operating power, kW (hp) |
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Rated speed, rpm |
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Cylinder diameter and piston stroke, mm. |
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Number and arrangement of cylinders |
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Working volume of cylinders, l. |
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Maximum torque, Nm (kgf.m) |
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Rated torque factor, % |
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Specific fuel consumption, g/kWh (g/l.s.h.) at operating power |
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Relative oil consumption for waste from fuel consumption, % |
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Mass of diesel in the state of delivery, dry, kg |
375-390 (depending on configuration) |
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Overall dimensions, mm. length Width Height |
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