Reverse driving at night will be a real test if the car does not have reversing lights on. Consider why the lamps stopped burning and methods for self-search for the main causes. Chances are, being able to test the reverse light switch will be the most useful skill when troubleshooting.

Main reasons

Instead of a burned-out insert, only a fuse of the same rating should be installed. Installing a fusible link with a higher rating can cause a fire in the car. You can find all the selection rules in the article "" .

The place of the switch in the light switching circuit

On vehicles with manual transmission, the voltage to the lamps when reversing is supplied through the limit switch (the so-called frog), which is screwed directly into the gearbox housing. When you turn on the reverse gear inside the checkpoint, the switch button is pressed. The contacts inside the "frog" are bridged, the current begins to flow to the lamps.

On the circuit diagram for turning on the reversing lights, we can see that on the VAZ 1118 Kalina, the current from the battery through the ignition switch (No. 2) is supplied to the F1 fuse. Passing through the fuse that protects the switching circuit, "+" goes to the limit switch (No. 10). The contacts are in a normally open state and close only when the reverse gear is turned on. Thus, the current begins to flow to the bulbs. The second contact of the lamps is connected to the "-" battery through the common contact of the "mass" of the lamps.

On vehicles with automatic transmission, the role of the limit switch lies on the selector position sensor. Information about changing the location of the gear knob is transmitted to the engine ECU, the light control unit.

How to check the "frog"

If the reversing lights are on, then the problem is in the “frog”. Some drivers disassemble the switches, clean the contacts, after which the device continues to work properly. It is up to you to judge the expediency of such measures. But keep in mind that on many cars (including VAZ models) the limit switch is located below the oil level in the gearbox. We recommend simply replacing the switch on sensor. For minimal oil loss, jack up the car from the side where the limit switch is installed.

On some vehicles, the reversing lights do not light up due to the incomplete engagement of the limit switch. You can solve the problem by installing a thinner washer under the "frog". To make sure that the switch is working, check with a multimeter in ohmmeter mode whether the contacts close when the button is pressed.

Circuit Check

The essence of diagnosing the reason why the reverse lights do not work is to identify the section of the circuit where the voltage is lost. To do this, you can use a conventional control light. Checking the continuity of the circuit is carried out with an ohmmeter, so you need to know.

You can start the test directly from the limit switch connector. Turn on the ignition. Connect one contact of the control light to an unpainted metal part in contact with the body, and the second to the “+” connector.

• If power comes on, check the reverse sensor.
• If, after installing the “jumper” in the connector, the bulbs do not light up, then the problem is in the section of the wire circuit going from the connector to the lights. Ring the wire until the point where it divides into light bulbs on the left and right sides. Most likely, the reason is in the cliff.

To find the pinout of connectors, lamp contacts, wire colors, be sure to study the wiring diagram of your model and vehicle equipment.

Lamps are constantly on

If the lights on your car are constantly on or on regardless of the reverse gear being engaged, the cause will be among the following breakdowns:

• shorting the “+” going to the reverse gear engagement sensor and the light bulb wires from the switch;
• the wire going from the connector to the lights has a short to "+" (it happens if the wires in the bundle are frayed);
• sensor stuck closed.

String(10) "error stat"

Every motorist, most likely, is aware that one of his most important duties when driving on public roads is to notify other road users of the intention to make this or that maneuver. For example, to indicate the desire to turn left or right, special indicators are used, controlled by a special lever.

However, progress does not stand still, and some warning signals are given automatically by the machine. A vivid example of this is the reverse gear of the car, during the implementation of which the taillights of white-moon color light up automatically and in advance. This happens due to the presence of a special sensor in the design of the car. It is about the principles of its operation and repair that we will talk in the article below.

The device and principles of operation of the sensor

Reversing is one of the most important features available for any car. It is the inclusion of reverse gear that allows the car to move back without using a 180-degree turn. Thanks to this possibility, the driver can not only be conveniently located in parking areas while driving, but also significantly save his time when performing a number of maneuvers.

When reversing, it is important for a motorist not only to closely monitor compliance with traffic rules and control the location of objects standing behind, but also to be sure that each third-party traffic participant is aware of the desire on his part to move in reverse. Fortunately for all motorists, the notification process in this regard is fully automated and occurs through the use of a reverse sensor installed directly in the vehicle structure. Given such an important function of this component of the car, each car owner must monitor its good condition and, if necessary, repair it.

The reverse gear sensor works according to a simple principle, the essence of which is as follows:

1. The motorist, wishing to move in the opposite direction, includes a reverse gear;
2. The gearshift lever, reaching a certain place, switches the switch / switch (sensor) of the reverse headlights to the “ON” position and they, respectively, light up;
3. After the maneuver is completed, the driver changes the reverse gear to first or neutral, which turns off the previously turned on headlights.

The electrical circuit of the reverse sensor is quite simple, if not primitive. Its operation, as a rule, is based on the use of a limit switch, which is some kind of button located on the path of the gearshift lever along the path of the reverse speed and is pressed / pressed when it is turned on / off. That is, when wondering how to change the reverse sensor, you should be prepared for a partial disassembly of the gearbox, because this unit is installed in it or within its operation.

Possible malfunctions

Repair of the reverse sensor is perhaps exactly what no one is immune from. It happens that the node needs to be replaced only for the reason that it simply does not work. How to act in such a situation? First of all, it is important to understand why the sensor is faulty or does not work correctly.

To date, it is customary to single out the following possible node malfunctions:

• there was an oxidation of the contacts in some place of the electronic circuit;
• the sensor is “loose” or out of order;
• there was a "breakdown" in the electrical circuit of the identifier;
• the contact of the sensor and the mounting block is broken;
• its fuse has blown;
• burned out taillight bulbs ("stop").

The symptomatology of a malfunction of the reverse sensor is probably clear to everyone - the corresponding headlights are inoperative or function extremely incorrectly. It is simply unacceptable to operate a car in this state, therefore, first of all, if a problem with a node occurs, you should think about where the reverse sensor is located and how to properly repair it. We will talk about this in more detail below.

Sensor repair: replacement and fault diagnosis

A complete replacement of the reverse sensor is definitely not something that should be done first if the “stoppers” do not work properly. Before dismantling the old assembly and installing a new one, it is important to exclude the possibility of manual repair of the chain and only then resort to replacement. In a typical case, the procedure for repairing a sensor looks like this:

Note that in most cases, the repair of the car's reverse sensor ends either at the first or at the second step of the repair. Considering the absolute simplicity of repair measures, it is only necessary to carry them out correctly and in due measure, then there will certainly not be any problems with the discomfort node.

Perhaps the most important information on the subject under consideration has come to an end. We hope that today's material has answered your questions. Good luck on the roads and in the repair!

If you have any questions - leave them in the comments below the article. We or our visitors will be happy to answer them.

A modern car has a large number of electronics and electrics. The systems of older cars have a rather primitive principle of operation, while new technology is available for study only to those who are able to study more documentation and literature. Today we will find out what a reverse sensor is, why it is needed on a car and learn about the scheme for switching it on.

Purpose

Obviously, the reverse mode of the car is designed to accelerate the car in the opposite direction without resorting to a 180-degree turn. This allows you to park more comfortably, maneuver faster and, finally, save time for yourself and other drivers.

The reversing signal is necessary in order to warn surrounding drivers of the upcoming maneuver, in the same way as turn signals or brake lights embedded in taillights do.

Thus, when the reverse gear is activated, the lamp that has a white color lights up. All drivers and pedestrians behind are instantly informed that the driver plans to reverse and make decisions about their further maneuvers.

The reversing indicator is also intended for maneuvering at night and in fog. The lamp, which has a sufficiently powerful light beam, allows the driver to better see what is happening behind the car and avoid annoying accidents and incidents when maneuvering. In any case, it is worth paying attention to the condition and operation of the lights. This will eliminate most problems and save the car from accidental damage.

Operating principle

The reverse sensor is exactly the device that is designed to activate and turn off maneuver indicators in the form of lamps or LEDs. Its task is to instantly respond to the inclusion of reverse gear and turn off just as quickly when moving forward. Moreover, such a functioning scheme does not depend on the type of transmission, whether it be mechanics, automatic or CVT.

Where is the reverse sensor located? Obviously, if the lamp should turn on when the gear lever is moved to a certain position, then the sensor itself should be located in the transmission area.

Thus, this device consists of an electrical circuit that connects the battery to the lamp.

Obviously, there must be some system between the battery and the lamp that is able to respond to the movements of the gear lever and be activated only when the lever is in the reverse or reverse position.

This function is performed by a limit switch, which is located in the direction of the automatic transmission selector or on the backstage of the manual transmission, next to the reverse position point. What is a limit switch? At its core, this is a button that anyone often sees in real life. Only, unlike most household appliances, this button is activated not directly with a finger, but with a lever that presses it down when in a certain position.

When the transmission is shifted into reverse, a battery-powered limit switch is activated. The switch closes the circuit, voltage is applied to the lamp, and it lights up. When the transmission is turned off, in the same way, the button is released and the lamp stops burning.

Summing up

The reverse sensor is one of the most important elements of the electrical system of every modern car. Thanks to this device, the operation of the reverse indicator is carried out, which contributes to improving traffic safety in general and better informing drivers about the intention of further maneuver.

The color scheme of the KAMAZ-5320 electrical equipment is usually used to repair electrical wiring and vehicle devices. Thanks to the electrical circuit, the car owner can find failed or faulty components for their further repair or replacement. You can learn more about the features of electrical equipment, its malfunctions and diagnostics from this material.

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Features of electrical equipment

Let's start with a description - what elements and subsystems includes the removal of electrical wiring KAMAZ-5320:

1. Light signaling and turning lights.
2. Heating system, power supply, as well as windshield cleaning.
3. Exterior lighting, including low and high beams, fog lights, if any.
4. Car interior lighting.
5. Engine start system.
6. Also, the wiring diagram includes a system of control and measuring devices located on the dashboard of the car. On the tidy there is not only, but also a lot of indicators, as well as sensors designed to provide more convenient control of the machine.
7. Sound alarm.
8. Audio system, if available.

The normal operation of the KAMAZ 43118 electrical circuit is possible only with the correct functioning of the two main components:

1. battery. This device provides the ignition system with voltage during engine start, and also allows you to power the main electrical equipment when the engine is off.
2. Generator. This node provides power to all devices and equipment while driving. Also, with the help of the generator, the battery charge is replenished, which he spent on starting the engine.

How to determine the malfunction?

Identification of breakdowns in the operation of equipment is possible with the involvement of a specialist or at home.

In general, there are two vehicle conditions in which a circuit malfunction can be determined:

1. The motor does not start, the operation of the car is impossible. There can be many reasons for failure in this case. Equipment diagnostics should be started with a switchgear, candles, high-voltage wires, a starter assembly and, of course, a battery. In most cases, the cause can be resolved by recharging the battery, cleaning the spark plugs from soot, or replacing the high voltage wires. In addition, the cause may also be a failed generator. Before proceeding with the dismantling and disassembly of the assembly, you should check the quality of the generator belt tension. Perhaps the strap is loose or its tension is very strong, which is also not very good for a car.
2. The engine can be started, but the equipment does not work or works partially. The device group may not be working. For example, in your car, the windshield wipers and wiper blades stopped working at the same time. It would seem, how can these devices be interconnected? But keep in mind that these two systems work from the steering column switch. And if it fails or there is a bad contact on its circuit, then the nodes simply cannot be started. If the engine starts, then some of the nodes do not work, then you should first check the fuses in the block, it is quite possible that one or some of them simply burned out. If the safety elements are working, and you are 100% sure that the electrical equipment is working, then you need to start diagnosing the wiring (the author of the video is the CarEnergy channel).

Possible wiring faults

All malfunctions in the electrical wiring can be divided into several groups:

1. Damage to the equipment itself. This does not happen so often, but a similar problem can still occur.
2. Fuse failure. As you know, safety devices responsible for the safety of KAMAZ wiring are concentrated in the mounting block. If power surges occur in the system, then in order to prevent equipment breakdown, fuses are used that blow out first. If power surges periodically occur in the on-board network, then before replacing the blown fuses, it is necessary to get rid of the cause.
3. Poor contact of the electrical circuit with the equipment. In this case, there may be several reasons. As a rule, poor contact is caused by a wire break somewhere in the circuit. For diagnostics, you will need a multimeter, which, in fact, is always used to detect wiring faults. Also, the reason may be the oxidation or burning of the contacts. If this is the case, then you can solve the problem by cleaning or replacing them.
4. current leakage. In most cases, this problem is due to a breakdown in the wiring. Using a multimeter, a defective wire is determined, which as a result will either need to be replaced or carefully insulated.
5. Wear of generator components. It will be necessary to disassemble the assembly to identify defective parts with their subsequent replacement.
6. The battery is dead or there is not enough electrolyte in it. In this case, you need to check the liquid level in the battery banks, as well as measure its charge parameter.

Wiring diagram

Video "Detailed instructions for repairing lighting and wiring in KAMAZ"

How to properly repair the backlight, as well as the electrical circuits in the truck - see the video below (author - Nikita Vagin).