1.1. These Traffic Rules establish a uniform procedure traffic throughout the territory Russian Federation. Other regulations relating to road traffic must be based on the requirements of the Rules and not contradict them.

1.2. The Rules use the following basic concepts and terms:

"Driver"- a person driving a vehicle, a driver leading pack animals, riding animals or a herd along the road. A driving instructor is treated like a driver.

"Forced stop"- stopping the movement of a vehicle due to its technical malfunction or danger created by the cargo being transported, the condition of the driver (passenger) or the appearance of an obstacle on the road.

"Hybrid car"- a vehicle having at least 2 different energy converters (motors) and 2 different (on-board) energy storage systems for the purpose of propelling the vehicle.

"Pedestrian and bicycle path (pedestrian and bicycle path)"- a road element (or a separate road) structurally separated from the roadway, intended for the separate or joint movement of cyclists with pedestrians and indicated by signs 4.5.2 - 4.5.7.

"Lane"- any of the longitudinal stripes of the roadway, marked or not marked with markings and having a width sufficient for the movement of cars in one row.

A lane of the roadway intended for the movement of bicycles and mopeds, separated from the rest of the roadway horizontal markings and marked with 5.14.2.

"Advantage (priority)"- the right to priority movement in the intended direction in relation to other road users.

"Let"- a stationary object in the traffic lane (faulty or damaged vehicle, defect in the roadway, foreign objects, etc.) that does not allow continued movement along this lane. A traffic jam or a vehicle stopped in this lane in accordance with the requirements of the Rules is not an obstacle.

"Adjacent Territory"- territory directly adjacent to the road and not intended for through traffic Vehicle(yards, residential areas, parking lots, gas stations, enterprises, etc.). Movement in the adjacent territory is carried out in accordance with these Rules.

"Trailer"- a vehicle not equipped with an engine and intended to travel in conjunction with a power-driven vehicle. The term also applies to semi-trailers and trailers.

"Roadway"- a road element intended for the movement of trackless vehicles.

"Divider"- a road element, highlighted structurally and (or) using markings 1.2, separating adjacent roadways, as well as roadway And tram rails and not intended for the movement and stopping of vehicles.

"Allowed maximum weight" - the mass of the equipped vehicle with cargo, driver and passengers, established by the manufacturer as the maximum permissible. The permissible maximum mass of a vehicle composition, that is, coupled and moving as one unit, is taken to be the sum of the permissible maximum masses of the vehicles included in the composition.

"Adjuster"- a person vested with in the prescribed manner powers to regulate traffic with the help of signals established by the Rules, and directly carrying out the said regulation. The traffic controller must be in uniform and (or) have a distinctive sign and equipment. Traffic controllers include police officers and military automobile inspectors, as well as employees of road maintenance services, those on duty at railway crossings and ferry crossings when performing their official duties.
Regulators also include authorized persons from among employees of departments transport security, performing duties for inspection, additional inspection, re-inspection, observation and (or) interview for the purpose of ensuring transport security, in relation to the regulation of traffic on sections of highways determined by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 18, 2016 N 686 “On the determination sections of highways, railways and inland waterways, heliports, landing sites, as well as other buildings, structures, devices and equipment that ensure the functioning of the transport complex and are objects of transport infrastructure.

"Parking"- intentional stopping of the movement of a vehicle for a period of more than 5 minutes for reasons not related to the embarkation or disembarkation of passengers or the loading or unloading of the vehicle.

"Night time"- the period of time from the end of evening twilight to the beginning of morning twilight.

"Vehicle"- a device intended for the transport on roads of people, goods or equipment installed on it.

"Sidewalk"- an element of the road intended for pedestrian traffic and adjacent to the roadway or bicycle path or separated from them by a lawn.

"Give way (do not interfere)"- a requirement meaning that a road user must not start, resume or continue moving, or perform any maneuver if this may force other road users who have priority over him to change direction or speed.

"Road User"- a person directly involved in the movement process as a driver, pedestrian, or passenger of a vehicle.

"School bus"- a specialized vehicle (bus) that meets the requirements for vehicles for transporting children established by the legislation on technical regulation, and owned by right of ownership or on another legal basis to a preschool educational or general education organization.

"Electric car"- a vehicle propelled solely by electric motor and rechargeable with external source electricity.

1.3. Road users are required to know and comply with the relevant requirements of the Rules, traffic lights, signs and markings, as well as comply with the orders of traffic controllers acting within the limits of the rights granted to them and regulating traffic with established signals.

1.4. Right-hand traffic for vehicles is established on the roads.

1.5. Road users must act in such a way as not to create a traffic hazard or cause harm.
It is prohibited to damage or pollute road surfaces, remove, block, damage, or install unauthorized road signs, traffic lights and other technical means of organizing traffic, leave objects on the road that interfere with traffic (). The person causing the interference must accept all possible measures to eliminate it, and if this is not possible, then by available means ensure that traffic participants are informed about the danger and report to the police.

1.6. Persons who violate the Rules are liable in accordance with current legislation.

2. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - General responsibilities of drivers

2.1. The driver of a motor vehicle is obliged to:

2.1.1. Carry with you and, at the request of police officers, hand over to them for verification:
- driver's license or a temporary permit to drive a vehicle of the corresponding category or subcategory;
- registration documents for this vehicle (except for mopeds), and if there is a trailer - also for the trailer (except for trailers for mopeds);
- in established cases, permission to carry out activities for the transportation of passengers and luggage by passenger taxi, waybill, license card and documents for the transported cargo, and when transporting large, heavy and dangerous goods- documents provided for by the rules for the transportation of these goods;
- a document confirming the fact of disability, in the case of driving a vehicle on which an identification mark is installed;

An insurance policy of compulsory civil liability insurance of the owner of a vehicle or information printed on paper about the conclusion of a contract of such compulsory insurance in the form of an electronic document in cases where the obligation to insure one’s civil liability is established by federal law.
In cases directly provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, have and transfer for inspection to authorized officials Federal service for supervision in the field of transport, a vehicle access card for international road transport, waybill and documents for transported cargo, special permissions, if available, in accordance with the legislation on highways and on road activities, it is allowed to drive on roads a heavy and (or) large vehicle, a vehicle transporting dangerous goods, as well as provide a vehicle for weight and dimensional control.

2.1.2. When driving a vehicle equipped with seat belts, be fastened and do not carry passengers who are not wearing seat belts. When driving a motorcycle, wear a fastened motorcycle helmet and do not carry passengers without a fastened motorcycle helmet.

2.2. The driver of a motor vehicle participating in international road traffic is obliged to:
- have with you and, at the request of police officers, hand over to them for verification the registration documents for this vehicle (if there is a trailer - and for the trailer) and a driver’s license that comply with the Convention on Road Traffic, as well as documents provided for by the customs legislation of the Eurasian Economic Union, with marks from customs authorities confirming the temporary import of this vehicle (if there is a trailer - and a trailer);
- have on this vehicle (if there is a trailer - and on the trailer) registration and distinctive signs of the state in which it is registered. Distinctive signs of the state may be placed on registration plates.
A driver engaged in international road transport is required to stop at the request of authorized officials of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport at checkpoints specially designated by road sign 7.14 and present for inspection the vehicle, as well as permits and other documents provided for by international treaties of the Russian Federation.

2.2.1. The driver of a vehicle, including one not engaged in international shipping goods, is obliged to stop and present to the authorized official of the customs authorities the vehicle, the goods and documents on them for carrying out customs control in the customs control zones created along state border of the Russian Federation, and if the curb weight of the specified vehicle is 3.5 tons or more, also in other territories of the Russian Federation determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation on customs regulation, in places specially designated by road sign 7.14.1, at the request of the authorized customs official.

2.3. The driver of the vehicle is obliged to:

2.3.1. Before leaving, check and ensure that the vehicle is in good technical condition on the way in accordance with the Basic Regulations for the admission of vehicles to operation and the responsibilities of officials to ensure road safety.
Movement is prohibited if the operating brake system, steering, coupling device(as part of a road train), headlights and tail lights not burning (absent) in the dark or in conditions of poor visibility, the windshield wiper not operating on the driver's side during rain or snowfall.
If other malfunctions occur along the way, for which the operation of vehicles is prohibited by the appendix to the Basic Provisions, the driver must eliminate them, and if this is not possible, then he can proceed to the place of parking or repair in compliance with the necessary precautions;

2.3.2. At the request of officials authorized to implement federal state supervision in the field of road safety, undergo an examination for alcohol intoxication and a medical examination for intoxication. Driver of a vehicle of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service of the National Guard of the Russian Federation, engineering, technical and road construction military formations under federal executive authorities, rescue military formations of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, emergency situations and liquidation of consequences natural Disasters is obliged to undergo an examination for alcohol intoxication and a medical examination for intoxication, also at the request of officials of the military automobile inspection.
In established cases, undergo a test of knowledge of the Rules and driving skills, as well as a medical examination to confirm the ability to drive vehicles.

2.3.3. Provide a vehicle:
- police officers, state security agencies and federal security service agencies in cases provided for by law;
- medical and pharmaceutical workers to transport citizens to the nearest medical facility in cases that threaten their lives.

Note.
Persons using a vehicle must, at the request of the driver, issue him a certificate of the established form or make an entry in waybill(indicating the duration of the trip, distance traveled, your last name, position, service ID number, name of your organization), and medical and pharmaceutical workers - issue a coupon of the established form.

At the request of vehicle owners, federal state security authorities and federal security service authorities shall compensate them in accordance with the established procedure for losses, expenses or damage in accordance with the law.

2.3.4. In the event of a forced stop of a vehicle or a traffic accident outside populated areas in dark time days or under conditions limited visibility when on the roadway or side of the road, be dressed in a jacket, vest or cape vest with stripes of reflective material that meet the requirements of GOST 12.4.281-2014.

2.4. The right to stop vehicles is granted to traffic controllers, as well as:
- authorized officials of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport in relation to stopping trucks and buses at transport control points specially designated by road sign 7.14;

To authorized officials of customs authorities in relation to stopping vehicles, including those not carrying out international transportation of goods, in customs control zones created along the state border of the Russian Federation, and if the curb weight of said vehicle is 3.5 tons or more, also in other territories of the Russian Federation, determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation on customs regulation, in places specially designated by road sign 7.14.1.

Commissioners officials The Federal Service for Supervision of Transport and customs authorities must wear uniforms and use a disk with a red signal or a reflector to stop the vehicle. To attract the attention of vehicle drivers, these authorized officials may use a whistle signal.
Persons who have the right to stop a vehicle are required to present an official identification card upon the driver’s request.

2.5. In the event of a traffic accident, the driver involved in it is obliged to immediately stop (not move) the vehicle, turn on the hazard warning lights and put up a sign emergency stop in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 7.2 of the Rules, do not move objects related to the incident. When on the roadway, the driver must take precautions.

2.6. If people are killed or injured as a result of a traffic accident, the driver involved in it is obliged to:
- take measures to provide first aid to the victims, call an ambulance medical care and the police;
- V in case of emergency send the victims along the way, and if this is not possible, deliver them in your vehicle to the nearest medical organization, provide your last name, register sign vehicle (with presentation of an identification document or driver's license and registration document for the vehicle) and return to the scene of the incident;
- clear the roadway if the movement of other vehicles is impossible, having previously recorded, including by means of photography or video recording, the position of the vehicles in relation to each other and road infrastructure, traces and objects related to the incident, and take all possible measures to their preservation and organization of a detour to the scene of the incident;
- write down the names and addresses of eyewitnesses and wait for the arrival of police officers.

2.6.1. If, as a result of a traffic accident, damage is caused only to property, the driver involved in it is obliged to vacate the roadway if an obstacle is created to the movement of other vehicles, having previously recorded any possible ways, including by means of photography or video recording, the position of vehicles in relation to each other and road infrastructure, traces and objects related to the incident, and damage to vehicles.
Drivers involved in such an accident are not required to report the incident to the police and may leave the scene of the accident if, in accordance with the law, compulsory insurance civil liability of vehicle owners, paperwork regarding a traffic accident can be carried out without the participation of authorized police officers.
If, in accordance with the legislation on compulsory civil liability insurance of vehicle owners, documents regarding a traffic accident cannot be completed without the participation of authorized police officers, the driver involved in it is obliged to write down the names and addresses of eyewitnesses and report the incident to the police for receiving instructions from a police officer about the location of the registration of a traffic accident.

2.7. The driver is prohibited from:
- drive a vehicle while intoxicated (alcohol, drugs or other), under the influence of medications that impair reaction and attention, in a painful or tired state that jeopardizes traffic safety;
- transfer control of a vehicle to persons who are intoxicated, under the influence of medications, in a sick or tired state, as well as to persons who do not have a driver’s license to drive a vehicle of the appropriate category or subcategory, except for cases of driving training in accordance with section 21 of the Rules;
- cross organized (including foot) columns and take a place in them;
- consume alcoholic beverages, narcotic, psychotropic or other intoxicating substances after a traffic accident in which he is involved, or after the vehicle has been stopped at the request of a police officer, before an examination to establish the state of intoxication or until a decision is made exemption from such examination;
- drive a vehicle in violation of the work and rest regime established by the authorized federal executive body, and when carrying out international road transport - by international treaties of the Russian Federation;
- use a telephone that is not equipped while driving technical device, allowing you to negotiate hands-free;
- dangerous driving, expressed in repeated performance of one or several subsequent actions, consisting of:
failure to comply with the requirement to give way to a vehicle enjoying the right of way when changing lanes,
changing lanes in heavy traffic when all lanes are occupied, except when turning left or right, making a U-turn, stopping or avoiding an obstacle,
failure to maintain a safe distance from the vehicle ahead,
non-compliance with the lateral interval,
sudden braking, if such braking is not required to prevent a traffic accident,
preventing overtaking,
if these actions resulted in the driver creating a situation during road traffic in which his movement and (or) the movement of other road users in the same direction and at the same speed creates a threat of death or injury to people, damage to vehicles, structures, cargo or damage other material damage.

3. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Application of special signals

3.1. Drivers of vehicles with a blue flashing light turned on, when performing an urgent official task, may deviate from the requirements of sections 6 (except for traffic controller signals) and 8-18 of these Rules, appendices and to these Rules, provided that traffic safety is ensured.
To gain an advantage over other road users, drivers of such vehicles must turn on their flashing lights. of blue color and a special sound signal. They can take advantage of priority only by making sure that they are given way.
The same right is enjoyed by drivers of vehicles accompanied by vehicles that have special color graphic schemes applied to the outer surfaces, with flashing beacons blue and red colors and a special sound signal, in the cases established by this paragraph. Accompanied vehicles must have low beam headlights on.
On vehicles of the State Road Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation and the Military Automobile Inspectorate, in addition to the blue flashing light, a red flashing light may be turned on.

3.2. When approaching a vehicle with a blue flashing light and a special sound signal on, drivers are required to give way to ensure unhindered passage of the specified vehicle.
When approaching a vehicle that has special color schemes applied to the outer surfaces, with blue and red flashing lights turned on and a special sound signal, drivers are required to give way to ensure unhindered passage of the specified vehicle, as well as the vehicle (accompanied by it).
It is prohibited to overtake a vehicle that has special color schemes applied to the outer surfaces with a blue flashing light and a special sound signal turned on.
It is prohibited to overtake a vehicle that has special color schemes applied to its external surfaces, with blue and red flashing lights turned on and a special sound signal, as well as the vehicle(s) it is accompanying.

3.3. When approaching a stationary vehicle with a blue flashing light on, the driver should reduce speed to be able to stop immediately if necessary.

3.4. A yellow or orange flashing light must be turned on on vehicles in the following cases:
- performing work on the construction, repair or maintenance of roads, loading damaged, faulty and moving vehicles;
- transportation of large cargo, explosive, flammable, radioactive substances and toxic substances of a high degree of danger;
- escort of vehicles transporting large, heavy and dangerous goods;
- accompanying organized groups of cyclists during training events on public roads;
- organized transportation of a group of children.
An illuminated yellow or orange flashing light does not provide an advantage in traffic and serves to warn other road users of danger.

3.5. Drivers of vehicles with a yellow or orange flashing light turned on when performing work on the construction, repair or maintenance of roads, loading damaged, faulty and moving vehicles may deviate from the requirements of road signs (except for signs 2.2, 2.4-2.6, 3.11-3.14, 3.17 .2, 3.20) and road markings, as well as paragraphs 9.4 - 9.8 and 16.1 of these Rules, subject to ensuring road safety.

Drivers of vehicles when transporting large-sized cargo, as well as when escorting vehicles transporting large-sized and (or) heavy cargo with a yellow or orange flashing light on, may deviate from the requirements of road markings, provided that road safety is ensured.

3.6. Drivers of vehicles of federal postal organizations and vehicles transporting cash proceeds and (or) valuable cargo may turn on a white-moon flashing light and a special sound signal only when attacking these vehicles. A white-lunar flashing light does not provide an advantage in traffic and serves to attract the attention of police officers and other persons.

4. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Responsibilities of pedestrians

4.1. Pedestrians must move on sidewalks, pedestrian paths, bicycle and pedestrian paths, and in their absence, along the roadsides. Pedestrians carrying or carrying bulky objects, as well as people in wheelchairs, may move along the edge of the roadway if their movement on sidewalks or shoulders creates an obstacle for other pedestrians.
If there are no sidewalks, pedestrian paths, bicycle paths or shoulders, and also if it is impossible to move along them, pedestrians can move along a bicycle path or walk in one row along the edge of the roadway (on roads with a dividing strip - along the outer edge of the roadway).
When walking along the edge of the roadway, pedestrians must walk towards the movement of vehicles. Persons moving in wheelchairs, driving a motorcycle, moped, bicycle, in these cases must follow the direction of travel of the vehicles.
When crossing the road and driving along the sides or edge of the roadway in the dark or in conditions insufficient visibility pedestrians are recommended, and outside populated areas, pedestrians are required to carry objects with reflective elements and ensure that these objects are visible to vehicle drivers.

4.2. The movement of organized pedestrian columns along the roadway is permitted only in the direction of movement of vehicles along right side no more than four people in a row. In front and behind the column on the left side there should be escorts with red flags, and in the dark and in conditions of poor visibility - with lights on: in front - white, behind - red.
Groups of children are allowed to drive only on sidewalks and pedestrian paths, and in their absence - on the sidewalks, but only in daylight hours days and only when accompanied by adults.

4.3. Pedestrians must cross the road at pedestrian crossings, including underground and overground ones, and in their absence, at intersections along sidewalks or curbs.
At a controlled intersection, it is allowed to cross the roadway between opposite corners of the intersection (diagonally) only if there are markings 1.14.1 or 1.14.2 indicating such a pedestrian crossing.

If there is no crossing or intersection in the visibility zone, it is allowed to cross the road at right angles to the edge of the roadway in areas without a dividing strip and fences where it is clearly visible in both directions.
The requirements of this paragraph do not apply to bicycle zones.

4.4. In places where traffic is regulated, pedestrians must be guided by the signals of a traffic controller or a pedestrian traffic light, and in its absence, a transport traffic light.

4.5. At unregulated pedestrian crossings, pedestrians can enter the roadway (tram tracks) after assessing the distance to approaching vehicles, their speed and making sure that the crossing will be safe for them. When crossing the road outside a pedestrian crossing, pedestrians, in addition, must not interfere with the movement of vehicles and exit from behind a standing vehicle or other obstacle that limits visibility without making sure that there are no approaching vehicles.

4.6. Once on the roadway (tram tracks), pedestrians should not linger or stop unless this is related to ensuring traffic safety. Pedestrians who do not have time to complete the crossing must stop on a traffic island or on a line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions. You can continue crossing only after making sure that further movement is safe and taking into account the traffic light signal (traffic controller).

4.7. When approaching vehicles with a blue flashing light (blue and red) and a special sound signal on, pedestrians are required to refrain from crossing the road, and pedestrians on the roadway (tram tracks) must immediately vacate the roadway (tram tracks).

4.8. Waiting for a route vehicle and a taxi is only allowed on elevated roadway landing sites, and in their absence - on the sidewalk or roadside. In stopping places for route vehicles that are not equipped with raised landing platforms, it is allowed to enter the roadway to board the vehicle only after it has stopped. After disembarking, it is necessary to clear the roadway without delay.
When moving across the roadway to or from the stopping point of a route vehicle, pedestrians must be guided by the requirements of paragraphs 4.4 - 4.7 of the Rules.

5. Traffic regulations of the Russian Federation - Responsibilities of passengers

5.1. Passengers are obliged to:
- when traveling in a vehicle equipped with seat belts, be wearing them, and when riding a motorcycle, wear a fastened motorcycle helmet;
- boarding and disembarking should be done from the sidewalk or curb and only after the vehicle has completely stopped.
If boarding and alighting is not possible from the sidewalk or curb, it may be carried out from the roadway, provided that it is safe and does not interfere with other road users.

5.2. Passengers are prohibited from:
- distract the driver from driving the vehicle while it is moving;
- when traveling in a truck with onboard platform stand, sit on the sides or on a load above the sides;
- open the doors of the vehicle while it is moving.

6. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Traffic lights and traffic controller signals

6.1. Traffic lights use green, yellow, red and white-lunar light signals.
Depending on the purpose, traffic light signals can be round, in the form of an arrow(s), a silhouette of a pedestrian or a bicycle, or X-shaped.
Traffic lights with round signals may have one or two additional sections with signals in the form of a green arrow (arrows), which are located at the level of the green round signal.

6.2. Round traffic lights have the following meanings:
- GREEN SIGNAL allows movement;
- A GREEN FLASHING SIGNAL allows movement and informs that its time is expiring and a prohibitory signal will soon be turned on (digital displays can be used to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the green signal);
- YELLOW SIGNAL prohibits movement, except as provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns of an upcoming change of signals;
- YELLOW FLASHING SIGNAL allows movement and informs about the presence of an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing, warns of danger;
- A RED SIGNAL, including a flashing one, prohibits movement.
- The combination of red and yellow signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming activation of the green signal.

6.3. Traffic light signals, made in the form of red, yellow and green arrows, have the same meaning as round signals of the corresponding color, but their effect extends only to the direction(s) indicated by the arrows. In this case, the arrow allowing a left turn also allows a U-turn, unless this is prohibited by the corresponding road sign.
The green arrow in the additional section has the same meaning. A switched off signal of an additional section or a switched on red light signal of its outline means that movement in the direction regulated by this section is prohibited.

6.4. If a black contour arrow(s) is applied to the main green traffic light signal, it informs drivers about the presence of an additional section of the traffic light and indicates other permitted directions of movement than the additional section signal.

6.5. If a traffic light signal is made in the form of a silhouette of a pedestrian and (or) a bicycle, then its effect applies only to pedestrians (cyclists). In this case, the green signal allows, and the red signal prohibits, the movement of pedestrians (cyclists).
To regulate the movement of cyclists, a traffic light with round signals of reduced size, complemented by a rectangular white plate measuring 200x200 mm with a picture of a black bicycle, can also be used.

6.6. To inform blind pedestrians about the possibility of crossing the roadway, traffic light signals can be supplemented with an audible signal.

6.7. To regulate the movement of vehicles along lanes of the roadway, in particular along those in which the direction of movement can change to the opposite, reversible traffic lights with a red X-shaped signal and a green signal in the form of an arrow pointing downwards are used. These signals respectively prohibit or allow movement in the lane above which they are located.
Basic reverse traffic light signals can be supplemented yellow signal in the form of an arrow inclined diagonally down to the right or left, the activation of which informs about the upcoming change of signal and the need to change lanes to which the arrow points.
When the signals of the reversing traffic light, which is located above the lane marked on both sides by markings 1.9, are turned off, entry into this lane is prohibited.

6.8. To regulate the movement of trams, as well as other route vehicles moving along the lane allocated for them, single-color traffic lights with four round white-moon colored signals located in the shape of the letter “T” can be used. Movement is permitted only when the lower signal and one or more upper ones are turned on simultaneously, of which the left one allows movement to the left, the middle one allows movement straight, and the right one allows movement to the right. If only the top three signals are on, then movement is prohibited.

6.9. A round white-lunar flashing signal located at a railroad crossing allows vehicles to move through the crossing. When the flashing white-lunar and red signals are turned off, movement is permitted if there is no train (locomotive, handcar) approaching the crossing within sight.

6.10. The traffic controller signals have the following meanings:
HANDS ARE EXTENDED TO THE SIDE OR LOWERED:
- from the left and right sides, the tram is allowed to move straight, trackless vehicles straight and to the right, pedestrians are allowed to cross the roadway;
- from the chest and back, the movement of all vehicles and pedestrians is prohibited.

RIGHT ARMS EXTRACTED FORWARD:
- from the left side, the tram is allowed to move to the left, and trackless vehicles in all directions;
- from the chest side, all vehicles are allowed to move only to the right;
- the movement of all vehicles from the right side and back is prohibited;
- pedestrians are allowed to cross the road behind the traffic controller.

ARM RAISED UP:
- the movement of all vehicles and pedestrians is prohibited in all directions, except as provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules.

The traffic controller can give hand gestures and other signals that are understandable to drivers and pedestrians.
For better visibility signals, the traffic controller can use a rod or disk with a red signal (retroreflector).

6.11. A request to stop a vehicle is made using a loud-speaking device or a hand gesture directed at the vehicle. The driver must stop at the place indicated to him.

6.12. Additional signal A whistle is used to attract the attention of traffic participants.

6.13. When there is a prohibiting signal from a traffic light (except a reversing one) or a traffic controller, drivers must stop in front of the stop line (sign 6.16 “Stop line”), and in its absence:

At an intersection - in front of the roadway being crossed (taking into account clause 13.7 of the Rules), without interfering with pedestrians;
- before a railway crossing - in accordance with clause 15.4 of the Rules;
- in other places - in front of a traffic light or traffic controller, without interfering with vehicles and pedestrians whose movement is permitted.

6.14. Drivers who, when the yellow signal turns on or the traffic controller raises his hand up, cannot stop without resorting to emergency braking in the places determined by paragraph 6.13 of the Rules, are allowed to continue driving.
Pedestrians who were on the roadway when the signal was given must clear it, and if this is not possible, stop on the line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions.

6.15. Drivers and pedestrians must comply with the signals and orders of the traffic controller, even if they contradict traffic light signals, road signs or markings.
If the meanings of traffic light signals contradict the requirements of priority road signs, drivers must be guided by the traffic light signals.

6.16. On railway crossings Simultaneously with the red flashing traffic light, an audible signal may be sounded, additionally informing traffic participants that movement through the crossing is prohibited.

7. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Use of alarm systems and warning triangles

7.1. The hazard warning lights must be turned on:

- when forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited;
- when the driver is blinded by headlights;
- when towing (on a towed motor vehicle);
- when boarding children in a vehicle that has identification marks “Transportation of Children” and disembarking from it.

The driver must turn on the hazard warning lights in other cases to warn road users of the danger that the vehicle may pose.

7.2. When the vehicle stops and the hazard warning lights come on, as well as when they are malfunctioning or missing, an emergency stop sign must be immediately displayed:
- in case of a traffic accident;
- when forced to stop in places where it is prohibited, and where, taking into account visibility conditions, the vehicle cannot be noticed in a timely manner by other drivers.
This sign is installed at a distance that provides timely warning to other drivers of the danger in a particular situation. However, this distance must be at least 15 m from the vehicle in populated areas and 30 m outside populated areas.

7.3. If there is no or faulty hazard warning light on a towed motor vehicle, a warning triangle must be attached to its rear part.

8. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Starting movement, maneuvering

8.1. Before starting to move, change lanes, turn (U-turn) and stop, the driver is required to give signals with light direction indicators in the appropriate direction, and if they are missing or faulty - with his hand. When performing a maneuver, there should be no danger to traffic or interference with other road users.

The signal for a left turn (turn) corresponds to the left arm extended to the side or the right arm extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upward.

The right turn signal corresponds to the right arm extended to the side or the left arm extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upward.

The brake signal is given by raising your left or right hand.

8.2. The turn signal or hand signal must be given well in advance of the maneuver and cease immediately after completion (the hand signal may be terminated immediately before the maneuver). In this case, the signal should not mislead other road users.
Signaling does not give the driver an advantage or relieve him from taking precautions.

8.3. When entering the road from the adjacent territory, the driver must give way to vehicles and pedestrians moving along it, and when leaving the road - to pedestrians and cyclists whose movement path he crosses.

8.4. When changing lanes, the driver must give way to vehicles moving in the same direction without changing direction. When simultaneously changing lanes of vehicles moving in the same direction, the driver must give way to the vehicle on the right.

8.5. Before turning right, left or making a U-turn, the driver is obliged to take in advance the appropriate extreme position on the roadway intended for traffic in this direction, except in cases where a turn is made when entering an intersection where a roundabout is organized.
If there are tram tracks in the same direction on the left, located at the same level as the roadway, a left turn and a U-turn must be made from them, unless signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 or markings 1.18 prescribe a different movement order. In this case, there should be no interference with the tram.

8.6. The turn must be carried out in such a way that when leaving the intersection of roadways the vehicle does not end up on the side of oncoming traffic.
When turning right, the vehicle should move as close as possible to the right edge of the roadway.

8.7. If a vehicle, due to its size or for other reasons, cannot make a turn in compliance with the requirements of paragraph 8.5 of the Rules, it is allowed to retreat from them provided that traffic safety is ensured and if this does not interfere with other vehicles.

8.8. When turning left or making a U-turn outside an intersection, the driver of a trackless vehicle must give way to oncoming vehicles and a tram in the same direction.
If, when turning outside an intersection, the width of the roadway is not sufficient to perform the maneuver from the extreme left position, it is allowed to be made from the right edge of the roadway (from the right shoulder). In this case, the driver must give way to passing and oncoming vehicles.

8.9. In cases where the trajectories of vehicles intersect, and the order of passage is not specified by the Rules, the driver to whom the vehicle is approaching from the right must give way.

8.10. If there is a braking lane, the driver intending to turn must change lanes in a timely manner and reduce speed only in this lane.
If there is an acceleration lane at the entrance to the road, the driver must move along it and change lanes into the adjacent lane, giving way to vehicles moving along this road.

8.11. U-turn is prohibited:
- at pedestrian crossings;
- in tunnels;
- on bridges, overpasses, overpasses and under them;
- at railway crossings;
- in places with visibility of the road in at least one direction less than 100 m;
- in places where route vehicles stop.

8.12. Reversing a vehicle is permitted provided that this maneuver is safe and does not interfere with other road users. If necessary, the driver must seek the help of others.
Reversing is prohibited at intersections and in places where turning around is prohibited in accordance with paragraph 8.11 of the Rules.

9. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Location of vehicles on the roadway

9.1. The number of lanes for trackless vehicles is determined by markings and (or) signs 5.15.1, 5.15.2, 5.15.7, 5.15.8, and if there are none, then by the drivers themselves, taking into account the width of the roadway, vehicle dimensions and required intervals between them.

In this case, the side intended for oncoming traffic on two-way roads without a dividing strip is considered to be half the width of the roadway located on the left, not counting local widenings of the roadway (transition and express lanes, additional lanes on the rise, drive-in pockets of stops for route vehicles ).

9.1.1. On any two-way roads, driving in the lane intended for oncoming traffic is prohibited if it is separated by tram tracks, a dividing strip, markings 1.1, 1.3 or markings 1.11, the broken line of which is located on the left.

1.1

1.3

1.11

9.2. On dual carriageway roads with four or more lanes, it is prohibited to overtake or pass into the lane intended for oncoming traffic. On such roads, left turns or U-turns may be made at intersections and in other places where this is not prohibited by the Rules, signs and (or) markings.

9.3. On two-way roads that have three lanes marked with markings (except for marking 1.9), of which the middle one is used for traffic in both directions, it is allowed to enter this lane only for overtaking, bypassing, turning left or making a U-turn. Go to the extreme left lane intended for oncoming traffic is prohibited.

9.4. Outside populated areas, as well as in populated areas on roads marked with the sign 5.1 "Motorway" or 5.3 "Road for motor vehicles" or where driving at a speed of more than 80 km/h is permitted, vehicle drivers must drive them as close as possible to the right edge of the roadway. It is prohibited to occupy the left lanes when the right lanes are free.

In populated areas, taking into account the requirements of this paragraph and paragraphs 9.5, 16.1 and 24.2 of the Rules, vehicle drivers can use the lane that is most convenient for them. In heavy traffic, when all lanes are occupied, changing lanes is only allowed to turn left or right, make a U-turn, stop, or avoid an obstacle.
However, on any roads that have three or more lanes for traffic in a given direction, the leftmost lane is allowed to occupy only in heavy traffic, when other lanes are occupied, as well as for turning left or making a U-turn, and for trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 2.5 t - only for turning left or making a U-turn. Entering the left lane of one-way roads to stop and park is carried out in accordance with paragraph 12.1 of the Rules.

9.5. Vehicles whose speed should not exceed 40 km/h or which for technical reasons cannot reach such a speed must move in the extreme right lane, except in cases of detour, overtaking or changing lanes before turning left, making a U-turn or stopping in permitted cases on the left side of the road.

9.6. It is permitted to travel on tram tracks in the same direction, located on the left at the same level as the roadway, when all lanes in this direction are occupied, as well as when making a detour, turning left or making a U-turn, taking into account clause 8.5 of the Rules. In this case, there should be no interference with the tram. It is prohibited to drive onto tram tracks in the opposite direction. If road signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 are installed in front of the intersection, driving on tram tracks through the intersection is prohibited.

9.7. If the roadway is divided into stripes by marking lines, the movement of vehicles must be carried out strictly along the designated lanes. It is allowed to drive over broken marking lines only when changing lanes.

9.8. When turning onto a road with reverse traffic, the driver must drive the vehicle in such a way that when leaving the intersection of roadways, the vehicle takes the far right lane. Changing lanes is permitted only after the driver is convinced that traffic in this direction is also permitted in other lanes.

9.9. The movement of vehicles on dividing strips and shoulders, sidewalks and pedestrian paths is prohibited (except for the cases provided for in paragraphs 12.1, 24.2 - 24.4, 24.7, 25.2 of the Rules), as well as the movement of motorized vehicles (except mopeds) along the lanes for cyclists. The movement of motor vehicles on bicycle and bicycle-pedestrian paths is prohibited. The movement of vehicles of road maintenance and utility services is allowed, as well as access along the shortest route for vehicles delivering cargo to trade and other enterprises and facilities located directly next to the roadsides, sidewalks or pedestrian paths, in the absence of other access options. At the same time, traffic safety must be ensured.

9.10. The driver must maintain such a distance from the vehicle in front that would allow him to avoid a collision, as well as the necessary lateral interval to ensure traffic safety.

9.11. Outside populated areas on dual carriageway roads with two lanes, the driver of a vehicle for which a speed limit has been established, as well as the driver of a vehicle (vehicle combination) longer than 7 m, must maintain such a distance between himself and the vehicle moving ahead that overtaking vehicles could move into the lane they previously occupied without interference. This requirement does not apply when driving on sections of roads where overtaking is prohibited, as well as during heavy traffic and movement in an organized transport convoy.

9.12. On two-way roads, in the absence of a dividing strip, traffic islands, bollards and elements of road structures (supports of bridges, overpasses, etc.) located in the middle of the roadway, the driver must drive around on the right, unless signs and markings indicate otherwise.

10. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Driving speed

10.1. The driver must drive the vehicle at a speed not exceeding the established limit, taking into account the intensity of traffic, the characteristics and condition of the vehicle and cargo, road and meteorological conditions, in particular visibility in the direction of travel. The speed must provide the driver with the ability to constantly control the movement of the vehicle to comply with the requirements of the Rules.
If a traffic hazard arises that the driver is able to detect, he must take possible measures to reduce the speed until the vehicle stops.

10.2. In populated areas, vehicle traffic is permitted at a speed of no more than 60 km/h, and in residential areas, bicycle zones and courtyard areas, no more than 20 km/h.

Note.
By decision of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, an increase in speed may be allowed (with the installation of appropriate signs) on sections of roads or lanes for certain types of vehicles, if road conditions provide safe movement With higher speed. In this case, the permitted speed should not exceed the values ​​​​established for the corresponding types of vehicles on highways.

10.3. Movement outside populated areas is permitted:
- motorcycles, cars and trucks with a permissible maximum weight of no more than 3.5 tons on highways - at a speed of no more than 110 km/h, on other roads - no more than 90 km/h;
- intercity and small buses on all roads - no more than 90 km/h:
- other buses, passenger cars when towing a trailer, trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons on highways - no more than 90 km/h, on other roads - no more than 70 km/h;
- trucks carrying people in the back - no more than 60 km/h;
- vehicles carrying out organized transportation of groups of children - no more than 60 km/h.

Note.
By decision of the owners or possessors of highways, an increase in the speed on sections of roads for certain types of vehicles may be allowed if road conditions provide for safe movement at a higher speed. In this case, the permitted speed should not exceed 130 km/h on roads marked with sign 5.1, and 110 km/h on roads marked with sign 5.3.

10.4. Vehicles towing power-driven vehicles are permitted to travel at a speed of no more than 50 km/h.
Vehicles transporting large, heavy and dangerous goods are allowed to move at a speed not exceeding the speed established when agreeing on the terms of transportation.

10.5. The driver is prohibited from:
- exceed the maximum speed determined by the technical characteristics of the vehicle;
- exceed the speed indicated on the “Speed ​​Limit” identification sign installed on the vehicle;
- interfere with other vehicles by driving unnecessarily at too low a speed;
- brake sharply if this is not necessary to prevent a traffic accident.

11. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Overtaking, advancing, oncoming traffic

11.1. Before overtaking, the driver must make sure that the lane he is about to enter is clear at a sufficient distance for overtaking and that in the process of overtaking he will not create a danger to traffic or interfere with other road users.

11.2. The driver is prohibited from overtaking in the following cases:
- the vehicle moving ahead is overtaking or going around an obstacle;
- a vehicle moving ahead in the same lane has given a left turn signal;
- the vehicle following him began to overtake;
- upon completion of overtaking, he will not be able, without creating a danger to traffic and interference with the overtaken vehicle, to return to the previously occupied lane.

11.3. The driver of an overtaken vehicle is prohibited from impeding overtaking by increasing speed or other actions.

11.4. Overtaking is prohibited:
- on controlled intersections, as well as at uncontrolled intersections when driving on a road that is not the main one;
- at pedestrian crossings;
- at railway crossings and closer than 100 meters in front of them;
- on bridges, overpasses, overpasses and under them, as well as in tunnels;
- at the end of the climb, at dangerous turns and in other areas with limited visibility.

11.5. The advance of vehicles when passing pedestrian crossings is carried out taking into account the requirements of paragraph 14.2 of the Rules.

11.6. If outside populated areas overtaking or ahead of a slow-moving vehicle, a vehicle carrying bulky cargo, or a vehicle moving at a speed not exceeding 30 km/h, is obstructed, the driver of such a vehicle must move as far to the right as possible, and, if necessary, stop to let the following vehicles pass.

11.7. If oncoming traffic is difficult to pass, the driver on whose side there is an obstacle must give way. Give way if there is an obstacle on slopes marked with 1.13" signs Steep descent" and 1.14 "Steep ascent", the driver of a vehicle moving downhill must.

12. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Stopping and parking

12.1. Stopping and parking of vehicles is permitted on the right side of the road on the side of the road, and in its absence - on the roadway at its edge and in the cases established by paragraph 12.2 of the Rules - on the sidewalk.
On the left side of the road, stopping and parking are permitted in populated areas on roads with one lane for each direction without tram tracks in the middle and on one-way roads (trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons are allowed on the left side of one-way roads only stopping for loading or unloading).

12.2. It is allowed to park the vehicle in one row parallel to the edge of the roadway. Two-wheeled vehicles without a side trailer may be parked in two rows.
The method of parking a vehicle (parking lot) is determined by sign 6.4 and road marking lines, sign 6.4 with one of the signs 8.6.1 - 8.6.9 and road marking lines or without them.
The combination of sign 6.4 with one of the plates 8.6.4 - 8.6.9, as well as road marking lines, allows the vehicle to be positioned at an angle to the edge of the roadway if the configuration (local widening) of the roadway allows such an arrangement.

Parking on the edge of the sidewalk bordering the roadway is permitted only for cars, motorcycles, mopeds and bicycles in places marked with sign 6.4 "Parking ( Parking space)" with one of the plates 8.4.7 "Type of vehicle", 8.6.2, 8.6.3, 8.6.6 - 8.6.9 "Method of parking the vehicle."

12.3. Parking for the purpose of long-term rest, overnight stay, etc. outside a populated area is permitted only in designated areas or off the road.

12.4. Stopping is prohibited:
- on tram tracks, as well as in the immediate vicinity of them, if this creates interference with the movement of trams;
- at railway crossings, in tunnels, as well as on overpasses, bridges, overpasses (if there are less than three lanes for traffic in a given direction) and under them;
- in places where the distance between the solid marking line (except for the edge of the roadway), the dividing strip or the opposite edge of the roadway and the stopped vehicle is less than 3 m;
- at pedestrian crossings and closer than 5 m in front of them;
- on the roadway near dangerous turns and convex breaks in the longitudinal profile of the road when the visibility of the road is less than 100 m in at least one direction;
- at the intersection of roadways and closer than 5 m from the edge of the crossed roadway, with the exception of the side opposite the side passage of three-way intersections (crossroads) having solid line markings or dividing strip;
- closer than 15 meters from the stopping places of fixed-route vehicles or parking for passenger taxis, marked with marking 1.17, and in its absence - from the sign of the stopping place of fixed-route vehicles or parking for passenger taxis (except for stops for boarding and disembarking passengers, if this does not interfere with traffic route vehicles or vehicles used as passenger taxi);

In places where the vehicle will block traffic lights, road signs from other drivers, or make it impossible for other vehicles to move (enter or exit) (including on bicycle or bicycle-pedestrian paths, as well as closer than 5 m from the intersection of a bicycle or bicycle-pedestrian path with roadway), or will interfere with the movement of pedestrians (including at the junction of the roadway and sidewalk on the same level, intended for the movement of people with limited mobility);
- on the lane for cyclists.

12.5. Parking is prohibited:
- in places where stopping is prohibited;
- outside populated areas on the carriageway of roads marked with sign 2.1

Closer than 50 m from railway crossings.

12.6. If forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited, the driver must take all possible measures to remove the vehicle from these places.

12.7. It is prohibited to open vehicle doors if this will interfere with other road users.

12.8. The driver may leave his seat or leave the vehicle if he is accepted necessary measures, excluding spontaneous movement of the vehicle or its use in the absence of the driver.
It is prohibited to leave a child under 7 years of age in a vehicle while it is parked in the absence of an adult.

13. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Driving through intersections

13.1. When turning right or left, the driver must give way to pedestrians and cyclists crossing the roadway onto which he is turning.

13.2. It is prohibited to drive to an intersection, the intersection of roadways or a section of an intersection marked with markings 1.26 if there is a traffic jam ahead along the route that will force the driver to stop, creating an obstacle to the movement of vehicles in the transverse direction, with the exception of turning right or left in the cases established by these Rules.

13.3. An intersection where the traffic order is determined by traffic lights or traffic controller signals is considered regulated.
When there is a flashing yellow signal, non-functioning traffic lights or the absence of a traffic controller, the intersection is considered unregulated, and drivers are required to follow the rules for driving through uncontrolled intersections and the priority signs installed at the intersection.

Signalized intersections

13.4. When turning left or making a U-turn at a green traffic light, the driver of a trackless vehicle must give way to vehicles moving straight or to the right from the opposite direction. Tram drivers should follow the same rule among themselves.

13.5. When driving in the direction of the arrow turned on in the additional section simultaneously with a yellow or red traffic light, the driver is obliged to give way to vehicles moving from other directions.

13.6. If traffic lights or traffic controller signals allow the movement of a tram and trackless vehicles at the same time, then the tram has priority regardless of the direction of its movement. However, when moving in the direction of the arrow turned on in the additional section simultaneously with a red or yellow traffic light, the tram must give way to vehicles moving from other directions.

13.7. A driver who enters an intersection when the traffic light signal permits must drive in the intended direction regardless of the traffic light signal at the exit from the intersection. However, if at the intersection in front of the traffic lights located on the driver’s route there are stop lines (signs 6.16), the driver must follow the signals of each traffic light.

13.8. When the traffic light turns on, the driver is obliged to give way to vehicles completing their movement through the intersection, and to pedestrians who have not completed crossing the roadway in this direction.

Uncontrolled intersections

13.9. At the intersection of unequal roads, the driver of a vehicle moving on a secondary road must give way to vehicles approaching on the main road, regardless of the direction of their further movement.
At such intersections, a tram has an advantage over trackless vehicles moving in the same or opposite direction on an equivalent road, regardless of the direction of its movement.

13.10. When the main road at an intersection changes direction, drivers moving along main road, must be guided by the rules for driving through intersections of equivalent roads. Drivers driving on secondary roads should follow the same rules.

13.11. At the intersection of equivalent roads, with the exception of the case provided for in paragraph 13.11 1 of the Rules, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to vehicles approaching from the right. Tram drivers should follow the same rule among themselves.
At such intersections, the tram has priority over trackless vehicles, regardless of the direction of its movement.

13.11 1 . When entering an intersection where there is a roundabout and which is marked with sign 4.3, the driver of the vehicle is obliged to give way to vehicles moving along such an intersection.

13.12. When turning left or making a U-turn, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to vehicles moving on an equivalent road from the opposite direction straight or to the right. Tram drivers should follow the same rule among themselves.

13.13. If the driver cannot determine the presence of surface on the road (darkness, mud, snow, etc.), and there are no priority signs, he should assume that he is on a secondary road.

14. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Pedestrian crossings and stopping places for route vehicles

14.1. The driver of a vehicle approaching an unregulated pedestrian crossing ** is obliged to give way to pedestrians crossing the road or entering the roadway (tram tracks) to cross.

** The concepts of a controlled and unregulated pedestrian crossing are similar to the concepts of a controlled and unregulated intersection established in clause 13.3 of the Rules.

14.2. If before unregulated pedestrian crossing If a vehicle stops or reduces speed, then drivers of other vehicles moving in the same direction are also required to stop or reduce speed. It is allowed to continue driving, taking into account the requirements of paragraph 14.1 of the Rules.

14.3. At controlled pedestrian crossings, when the traffic light permits the signal, the driver must allow pedestrians to finish crossing the roadway (tram tracks) in that direction.

14.4. It is prohibited to enter a pedestrian crossing if there is a traffic jam behind it that will force the driver to stop at the pedestrian crossing.

14.5. In all cases, including outside pedestrian crossings, the driver is obliged to give way to blind pedestrians signaling with a white cane.

14.6. The driver must give way to pedestrians walking to or from a fixed-route vehicle standing at the stopping place (from the door side), if boarding and disembarking is carried out from the roadway or from a landing area located on it.

14.7. When approaching a stopped vehicle with hazard warning lights on and with identification signs, the driver must reduce speed, stop if necessary and let children pass.

15. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Traffic across railway tracks

15.1. Drivers of vehicles may cross railways only at railway crossings, giving way to a train (locomotive, handcar).

15.2. When approaching a railway crossing, the driver must follow the requirements of road signs, traffic lights, markings, the position of the barrier and the instructions of the crossing officer and make sure that there is no approaching train (locomotive, railcar).

15.3. It is prohibited to travel:
when the barrier is closed or starting to close (regardless of the traffic light signal);
- when there is a prohibiting traffic light signal (regardless of the position and presence of the barrier);
- when there is a prohibitory signal from the crossing duty officer (the duty officer faces the driver with his chest or back with a baton, red lantern or flag raised above his head, or with his arms extended to the side);
- if there is a traffic jam behind the crossing that will force the driver to stop at the crossing:
- if a train (locomotive, handcar) is approaching the crossing within sight.
In addition, it is prohibited:
- drive around vehicles standing in front of the crossing into oncoming traffic;
- open the barrier without permission;
- transport agricultural, road, construction and other machines and mechanisms through the crossing in a non-transport position;
- without the permission of the head of the railway track, the movement of low-speed vehicles whose speed is less than 8 km/h, as well as tractor drag sleds.

15.4. In cases where movement through the crossing is prohibited, the driver must stop at the stop line, sign 2.5 "Moving without stopping is prohibited" or a traffic light, if there are none - no closer than 5 m from the barrier, and in the absence of the latter - no closer than 10 m to the nearest rail.

15.5. When forced to stop at a crossing, the driver must immediately unload people and take measures to clear the crossing. At the same time, the driver must:
- if possible, send two people along the tracks in both directions from the crossing 1000 m (if one, then in the direction of the worst visibility of the track), explaining to them the rules for giving a stop signal to the driver of an approaching train;
- stay near the vehicle and give general alarm signals;
- when a train appears, run towards it, giving a stop signal.

Note.
The stop signal is a circular movement of the hand (in the daytime with a piece of bright material or some clearly visible object, at night - with a torch or lantern). The general alarm is signaled by a series of one long and three short beeps.

16. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Driving on highways

16.1. On highways it is prohibited:
- movement of pedestrians, pets, bicycles, mopeds, tractors and self-propelled vehicles, other vehicles, the speed of which, according to technical characteristics or their condition, is less than 40 km/h;
- movement of trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons beyond the second lane;
- stopping outside special parking areas marked with sign 6.4 “Parking (Parking space)” or 7.11 “Rest place”;

Turning around and entering technological gaps in the dividing strip;
- reversing;
- training ride.

16.2. When forced to stop on the roadway, the driver must designate the vehicle in accordance with the requirements of Section 7 of the Rules and take measures to move it onto the designated lane (to the right of the line marking the edge of the roadway).

17. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Traffic in residential areas

17.1. In a residential zone, that is, in an area whose entrances and exits are indicated by signs 5.21 “Residential zone” and 5.22 “End of residential zone”, pedestrian movement is permitted both on sidewalks and on the roadway. In residential areas, pedestrians have the right of way, but they must not unreasonably interfere with vehicular traffic.

17.2. In a residential area, the through traffic of motor vehicles, practice driving, parking with the engine running, as well as parking of trucks with a permissible maximum weight of more than 3.5 tons outside specially allocated and marked areas with signs and (or) markings is prohibited.

17.3. When leaving a residential area, drivers must give way to other road users.

17.4. The requirements of this section also apply to courtyard areas.

18. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Priority of route vehicles

18.1. Outside intersections where tram tracks cross the roadway, the tram has priority over trackless vehicles, except when leaving the depot.

18.2. On roads with a lane for route vehicles, marked with signs 5.11.1, 5.13.1, 5.13.2, 5.14 "Road with a lane for route vehicles",

It is prohibited for other vehicles to move or stop on this lane, with the exception of:
- school buses;
- vehicles used as passenger taxis;
- vehicles that are used to transport passengers, have, with the exception of the driver’s seat, more than 8 seats, the technically permissible maximum weight of which exceeds 5 tons, the list of which is approved by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation - gg. Moscow, St. Petersburg and Sevastopol.

Cyclists are allowed on lanes for fixed-route vehicles if such a lane is located on the right.

Drivers of vehicles allowed to drive in lanes for fixed-route vehicles, when entering an intersection from such a lane, may deviate from the requirements of road signs 4.1.1 - 4.1.6, 5.15.1 and 5.15.2 to continue driving along such a lane.

If this lane is separated from the rest of the roadway by a broken marking line, then when turning, vehicles must change lanes to it. It is also permitted in such places to enter this lane when entering the road and for boarding and disembarking passengers at the right edge of the roadway, provided that this does not interfere with route vehicles.

18.3. In populated areas, drivers must give way to trolleybuses and buses starting from the designated stopping place. Drivers of trolleybuses and buses can start moving only after making sure that they are given way.

19. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Use of external lighting devices and sound signals

19.1. At night and in conditions of insufficient visibility, regardless of the road lighting, as well as in tunnels, the following must be turned on on a moving vehicle: lighting devices:
- on all motor vehicles - high or low beam headlights, on bicycles - headlights or lanterns, on horse-drawn carts - lanterns (if equipped);
- on trailers and towed motor vehicles - side lights.

19.2. High beam should be switched to low beam:
- in populated areas, if the road is illuminated;
- when passing oncoming traffic at a distance of at least 150 m from the vehicle, and also at a greater distance, if the driver of the oncoming vehicle periodically switching the headlights indicates the need for this;
- in any other cases to eliminate the possibility of blinding drivers of both oncoming and passing vehicles.
If blinded, the driver must turn on alarm and, without changing lanes, reduce speed and stop.

19.3. When stopping and parking at night on unlit sections of roads, as well as in conditions of insufficient visibility, the side lights on the vehicle must be turned on. In conditions of poor visibility, in addition to side lights low beam headlights may be turned on, fog lights and rear fog lights.

19.4. Fog lights can be used:
- in conditions of insufficient visibility from nearby or high beam headlights;
- at night on unlit sections of roads together with low or high beam headlights;
- instead of low beam headlights in accordance with paragraph 19.5 of the Rules.

19.5. During daylight hours, all moving vehicles must have low beam headlights or daytime running lights to indicate them. running lights.

19.6. The spotlight and searchlight may only be used outside populated areas in the absence of oncoming vehicles. In populated areas, only drivers of vehicles equipped in the prescribed manner with blue flashing lights and special sound signals can use such headlights when performing an urgent official task.

19.7. Rear fog lights can only be used in conditions of poor visibility. Do not connect rear fog lights to brake lights.

19.8. Identification mark The “road train” must be turned on when the road train is moving, and in the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility, in addition, while it is stopped or parked.

19.9. (Excluded by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 16, 2008 No. 84.)

19.10. Sound signals can only be used:
- to warn other drivers about the intention to overtake outside populated areas;
- in cases where it is necessary to prevent a traffic accident.

19.11. To warn of overtaking, instead of a sound signal or in conjunction with it, a light signal may be given, which is a short-term switching of headlights from low to low. high beam.

20. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Towing of motor vehicles

20.1. Towing on a rigid or flexible hitch should be carried out only when there is a driver behind the wheel of the towed vehicle, except in cases where the design of the rigid hitch ensures that the towed vehicle follows the trajectory of the towing vehicle when moving in a straight line.

20.2. When towing with a flexible or rigid hitch, it is prohibited to transport people in a towed bus, trolleybus or in the back of a towed vehicle. truck, and when towing by partial loading- presence of people in the cabin or body of the towed vehicle, as well as in the body of the towing vehicle.

20.2 1 . When towing, driving towing vehicles must be carried out by drivers who have been licensed to drive vehicles for 2 years or more.

20.3. When towing flexible hitch The distance between the towing and towed vehicles must be ensured within 4-6 m, and when towing with a rigid hitch, no more than 4 m.
The flexible link must be marked in accordance with paragraph 9 of the General Provisions.

20.4. Towing is prohibited:
- vehicles that do not have steering** (towing by partial loading is allowed);
- two or more vehicles;
- vehicles with an ineffective braking system **, if their actual weight is more than half the actual weight of the towing vehicle. If the actual weight is lower, towing of such vehicles is allowed only with a rigid coupling or by partial loading;
- two-wheeled motorcycles without side trailer, as well as such motorcycles;
- in icy conditions on a flexible hitch.
** Systems that do not allow the driver to stop the vehicle or perform a maneuver while driving even at minimum speed are considered inoperative.

21. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Training driving

21.1. Initial training in driving vehicles should be carried out in closed areas or race tracks.

21.2. Training driving on the roads is allowed only with a teacher and if the student has initial driving skills. The student is required to know and comply with the requirements of the Rules.

21.3. The teacher must have with him a document for the right to learn to drive a vehicle of this category or subcategory, as well as a certificate for the right to drive a vehicle of the corresponding category or subcategory.

21.4. A student driving a car or motorcycle must be at least 16 years old.

21.5. The mechanical vehicle on which training is carried out must be equipped in accordance with paragraph 5 of the Basic Provisions and have identification marks “Training Vehicle”.

21.6. Driving practice is prohibited on roads, the list of which is announced in the prescribed manner.

22. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Transportation of people

22.1. Transportation of people in the back of a truck must be carried out by drivers who have a driver's license for the right to drive a vehicle of category "C" or subcategory "C1" for 3 or more years.
In the case of transporting people in the back of a truck in the amount of more than 8, but not more than 16 people, including passengers in the cabin, the driver’s license is also required to have an authorization mark confirming the right to drive a vehicle of category “D” or subcategory “D1”, in in case of transportation of more than 16 people, including passengers in the cabin - category "D".
Note. Military drivers are allowed to transport people in trucks in accordance with the established procedure.

22.2. Transporting people in the back of a flatbed truck is permitted if it is equipped in accordance with the Basic Provisions, but transporting children is not permitted.

22.2 1 . Transportation of people on a motorcycle must be carried out by a driver who has a driver's license for the right to drive vehicles of category "A" or subcategory "A1" for 2 or more years, transportation of people on a moped must be carried out by a driver who has a driver's license for the right to drive vehicles of any category or subcategories for 2 or more years.

22.3. The number of people transported in the back of a truck, as well as in the cabin of a bus carrying out transportation on an intercity, mountain, tourist or excursion route, and in the case of organized transportation of a group of children, should not exceed the number of seats equipped for sitting.

22.4. Before the trip, the driver of the truck must instruct passengers on the procedure for boarding, disembarking and placing in the back.
You can start moving only after making sure that the conditions for the safe transportation of passengers are provided.

22.5. Travel in the back of a truck with a flatbed that is not equipped for transporting people is permitted only to persons accompanying the cargo or following its receipt, provided that they are provided with a seat located below the level of the sides.

22.6. Organized transportation groups of children must be carried out in accordance with these Rules, as well as the rules approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, on a bus marked with identification marks “Transportation of Children”.

22.7. The driver is obliged to board and disembark passengers only after the vehicle has come to a complete stop, and to start driving only with the doors closed and not open them until the vehicle has come to a complete stop.

22.8. It is prohibited to transport people:
- outside the cabin of a car (except for cases of transporting people in the back of a flatbed truck or in a van), tractor, other self-propelled vehicles, on cargo trailer, in a caravan trailer, in the back of a cargo motorcycle and outside the seating areas provided for by the design of the motorcycle;
- in excess of the amount provided for by the technical characteristics of the vehicle.

22.9. Transportation of children under 7 years of age in passenger car and the cabin of a truck, the design of which includes seat belts or seat belts and an ISOFIX* child restraint system, must be carried out using child restraint systems (devices) corresponding to the weight and height of the child.
Transportation of children aged 7 to 11 years (inclusive) in a passenger car and truck cab, which are designed with seat belts or seat belts and an ISOFIX child restraint system, must be carried out using child restraint systems (devices) that are appropriate for the weight and height of the child , or using seat belts, and front seat a passenger car - only with the use of child restraint systems (devices) corresponding to the weight and height of the child.
The installation of child restraint systems (devices) in a passenger car and the cabin of a truck and the placement of children in them must be carried out in accordance with the operating instructions for the specified systems (devices).
It is prohibited to transport children under 12 years of age on back seat motorcycle.

*Name of child restraint ISOFIX systems given in accordance with Technical regulations Customs Union TP PC 018/2011 "On the safety of wheeled vehicles"

23. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Transportation of goods

23.1. The weight of the transported cargo and the load distribution along the axles must not exceed the values ​​​​established by the manufacturer for this vehicle.

23.2. Before starting and while driving, the driver is obliged to control the placement, fastening and condition of the load in order to avoid it falling and creating obstacles to movement.

23.3. Transportation of cargo is permitted provided that it:
- does not limit the driver’s visibility;
- does not complicate control and does not affect the stability of the vehicle;
- does not cover external lighting devices and reflectors, registration and identification marks, and does not interfere with the perception of hand signals;
- does not create noise, does not generate dust and does not pollute the road or the environment.
If the condition and placement of the cargo do not meet the specified requirements, the driver is obliged to take measures to eliminate violations of the listed transportation rules or stop further movement.

23.4. A load protruding beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front or behind by more than 1 m or on the side by more than 0.4 m from the outer edge of the side light must be marked with the identification signs “Large load”, and in the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility , in addition, in front - a flashlight or a white reflector, at the rear - a flashlight or a red reflector.

23.5. Transportation of heavy and dangerous goods, movement of a vehicle whose overall dimensions with or without cargo exceed 2.55 m in width (2.6 m for refrigerators and isothermal bodies), in height of 4 m from the surface of the roadway, in length (including one trailer) 20 m, or the movement of a vehicle with a load protruding beyond the rear point of the vehicle's overall dimensions by more than 2 m, as well as the movement of road trains with two or more trailers is carried out in accordance with special rules.
International road transport is carried out in accordance with the requirements for vehicles and transportation rules established by international treaties of the Russian Federation.

24. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Additional requirements for the movement of cyclists and moped drivers

24.1. Cyclists over 14 years of age must use bicycle paths, bicycle pedestrian paths, or bicycle lanes.

24.2. Cyclists over 14 years of age are allowed:

On the right edge of the roadway - in the following cases:
- there are no bicycle and bicycle pedestrian paths, a lane for cyclists, or there is no opportunity to move along them;
- the overall width of the bicycle, its trailer or the cargo being transported exceeds 1 m;
- the movement of cyclists is carried out in columns;
- on the side of the road - if there are no bicycle and bicycle pedestrian paths, a lane for cyclists, or there is no opportunity to move along them or along the right edge of the roadway;
on the sidewalk or pedestrian path - in the following cases:
- there are no bicycle and bicycle pedestrian paths, a lane for cyclists, or there is no opportunity to move along them, as well as along the right edge of the roadway or shoulder;
- a cyclist accompanies a cyclist under the age of 14 years or transports a child under the age of 7 years on an additional seat, in a bicycle stroller or in a trailer intended for use with a bicycle.

24.3. The movement of cyclists aged 7 to 14 years should be carried out only on sidewalks, pedestrian, bicycle and pedestrian paths, as well as within pedestrian zones.

24.4. Cyclists under 7 years of age should only ride on sidewalks, pedestrian and bicycle paths (on the pedestrian side), as well as within pedestrian zones.

24.5. When cyclists move along the right edge of the roadway in the cases provided for by these Rules, cyclists must move only in one row.
A column of cyclists may move in two rows if the overall width of the bicycles does not exceed 0.75 m.
The column of cyclists must be divided into groups of 10 cyclists in the case of single-lane traffic, or into groups of 10 pairs in the case of double-lane traffic. To facilitate overtaking, the distance between groups should be 80 - 100 m.

24.6. If the movement of a cyclist on a sidewalk, pedestrian path, shoulder or within pedestrian zones endangers or interferes with the movement of other persons, the cyclist must dismount and follow the requirements provided for by these Rules for the movement of pedestrians.

24.7. Moped drivers must move along the right edge of the roadway in a single file or in the bicycle lane.
Moped drivers are allowed to move along the side of the road if this does not interfere with pedestrians.

24.8. Cyclists and moped drivers are prohibited from:
- drive a bicycle or moped without holding the handlebars with at least one hand;
- transport cargo that protrudes beyond the dimensions by more than 0.5 m in length or width, or cargo that interferes with control;
- transport passengers if this is not provided for by the design of the vehicle;
- transport children under 7 years of age in the absence of specially equipped places for them;
- turn left or turn around on roads with tram traffic and on roads with more than one lane for traffic in a given direction (except when right lane turn allowed to the left, and with the exception of roads located in bicycle zones);
- move on the road without a fastened motorcycle helmet (for moped drivers);
- cross the road at pedestrian crossings.

24.9. Towing of bicycles and mopeds, as well as towing with bicycles and mopeds, is prohibited, except for towing a trailer intended for use with a bicycle or moped.

24.10. When driving at night or in conditions of insufficient visibility, cyclists and moped drivers are recommended to carry items with reflective elements and ensure that these items are visible to drivers of other vehicles.

24.11. In the bicycle zone:
- cyclists have priority over motor vehicles, and can also move along the entire width of the roadway intended for traffic in a given direction, subject to the requirements of paragraphs 9.1 1 - 9.3 and 9.6 - 9.12 of these Rules;
- pedestrians are allowed to cross the roadway at any place, subject to the requirements of paragraphs 4.4 - 4.7 of these Rules.

25. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation - Additional requirements for the movement of horse-drawn carts, as well as for the passage of animals

25.1. Persons at least 14 years of age are allowed to drive a horse-drawn cart (sleigh), or be a driver of pack animals, riding animals or herds when driving on roads.

25.2. Horse-drawn carts (sleighs), riding and pack animals must move only in one row, as far to the right as possible. Driving on the side of the road is allowed if this does not interfere with pedestrians.
Columns of horse-drawn carts (sleighs), riding and pack animals when moving along the roadway must be divided into groups of 10 riding and pack animals and 5 carts (sleighs). To facilitate overtaking, the distance between groups should be 80 - 100 m.

25.3. The driver of a horse-drawn cart (sleigh), when entering the road from an adjacent territory or from a secondary road in places with limited visibility, must lead the animal by the bridle.

25.4. Animals should be driven along the road, usually during daylight hours. Drivers must guide animals as close to the right edge of the road as possible.

25.5. When driving animals across railway tracks, the herd must be divided into groups of such a size that, taking into account the number of drivers, safe passage of each group is ensured.

25.6. Drivers of horse-drawn carts (sleighs), drivers of pack animals, riding animals and livestock are prohibited from:
- leave animals on the road without supervision;
- drive animals through railway tracks and roads outside specially designated areas, as well as in the dark and in conditions of poor visibility (except for livestock runs at different levels);
- lead animals along roads with asphalt and cement concrete pavement if there are other paths.

19.1. In the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility, regardless of the road lighting, as well as in tunnels, the following lighting devices must be turned on on a moving vehicle:

• on all motor vehicles - high or low beam headlights, on bicycles - headlights or lanterns, on horse-drawn carts - lanterns (if equipped);
• on trailers and towed motor vehicles - side lights.

External lighting devices of cars include side lights, low and high beam headlights, fog lights, daytime running lights, turn indicators, brake signals, lights reverse, rear fog lights, reflectors, license plate lamps.

19.2. High beam should be switched to low beam:

• in populated areas, if the road is illuminated;
• when passing oncoming traffic at a distance of at least 150 m from the vehicle, and also at a greater distance, if the driver of the oncoming vehicle periodically switching the headlights indicates the need for this;
• in any other cases to eliminate the possibility of blinding drivers of both oncoming and passing vehicles.

If blinded, the driver must turn on the hazard warning lights and, without changing lanes, reduce speed and stop.

High beams can blind not only the driver moving towards you, but also those traveling in the same direction, since the reflected light in the rear-view mirrors will prevent you from seeing the road situation normally.

If you are dazzled, you should stop without changing lanes. This is necessary in order not to collide with oncoming traffic, not to run into obstacles, pedestrians, to avoid leaving the road, etc.

19.3. When stopping and parking at night on unlit sections of roads, as well as in conditions of insufficient visibility, the side lights on the vehicle must be turned on. In conditions of poor visibility, low-beam headlights, fog lights and rear fog lights can be turned on in addition to the side lights.

When choosing a place to stop or park, you should take into account the instructions Traffic rules Stop and parking.

19.4. Fog lights can be used:

• in conditions of poor visibility with low or high beam headlights;
• at night on unlit sections of roads together with low or high beam headlights;
• instead of low beam headlights in accordance with paragraph 19.5 of the Rules.

Fog lights, due to their low location and wide beam of light, can illuminate not only the roadway, but also its edge, which is especially important in poor visibility conditions. Headlight lenses can be yellow or colorless.

19.5. During daylight hours, all moving vehicles must have low-beam headlights or daytime running lights on to indicate them.

19.6. The spotlight and searchlight may only be used outside populated areas in the absence of oncoming vehicles. In populated areas, only drivers of vehicles equipped in the prescribed manner with blue flashing lights and special sound signals can use such headlights when performing an urgent official task.

Spotlights and searchlights have a narrow beam of light that is much stronger than that of regular headlight. This risks blinding other road users. Unauthorized installation of headlights and searchlights is prohibited.

19.7. Rear fog lights can only be used in conditions of poor visibility. Do not connect rear fog lights to brake lights.

According to their own design features The rear fog lights are brighter than the tail lights. They cannot be used instead of brake lights, as they can cause dazzling to drivers moving behind in the same direction.

19.8. The identification sign “Road Train” must be turned on when the road train is moving, and in the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility, in addition, while it is stopped or parked.

The “Road Train” identification sign consists of three orange lights located on the roof of the cab with a gap of 15-30 cm between them. It tells you whether a vehicle is moving or stopped on the road long length. It is necessary to take into account its length and be careful when overtaking, passing and oncoming traffic.

19.10. Sound signals can only be used:

• to warn other drivers of the intention to overtake outside populated areas;
• in cases where it is necessary to prevent a traffic accident.

In populated areas, to reduce general noise and not to disorient other road users, a sound signal can be given only to prevent accidents. Drivers of operational and special services can use a special sound signal when performing urgent tasks.

19.11. To warn of overtaking, instead of a sound signal or together with it, a light signal may be given, which is a short-term switching of the headlights from low to high beam.

An overtaking warning by flashing headlights is used if the driver of the vehicle being overtaken for some reason does not hear the sound signal. In any case, overtaking should begin when the driver of the vehicle being overtaken understands that they are about to overtake him.

19.1. In the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility, regardless of the road lighting, as well as in tunnels, the following lighting devices must be turned on on a moving vehicle:

• on all motor vehicles and mopeds - high or low beam headlights, on bicycles - headlights or lanterns, on horse-drawn carts - lanterns (if equipped);
• on trailers and towed motor vehicles - side lights.
  (as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated January 24, 2001 N 67)

19.2. High beam should be switched to low beam:

• in populated areas, if the road is illuminated;
• when passing oncoming traffic at a distance of less than 150 m from the vehicle, as well as at a greater distance, if the driver of the oncoming vehicle periodically switching the headlights indicates the need for this;
• in any other cases to eliminate the possibility of blinding drivers of both oncoming and passing vehicles.

If blinded, the driver must turn on the emergency lights. light alarm and, without changing lanes, reduce speed and stop.

19.3. When stopping and parking at night on unlit sections of roads, as well as in conditions of insufficient visibility, the side lights on the vehicle must be turned on. In conditions of poor visibility, low-beam headlights, fog lights and rear fog lights can be turned on in addition to the side lights.

19.4. Fog lights can be used:

• in conditions of poor visibility with low or high beam headlights;
  
• at night on unlit sections of roads together with low or high beam headlights;
• instead of low beam headlights in accordance with paragraph 19.5 of the Rules.
  (as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 10, 2010 N 316)

19.5. During daylight hours, all moving vehicles must have low-beam headlights or daytime running lights on to indicate them.
(clause 19.5 as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 10, 2010 N 316)

19.6. The spotlight and searchlight may only be used outside populated areas in the absence of oncoming vehicles. In populated areas, only drivers of vehicles equipped in the prescribed manner with blue flashing lights and special sound signals can use such headlights when performing an urgent official task.
(as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 21, 2000 N 370)

19.7. Rear fog lights can only be used in conditions of poor visibility. Do not connect rear fog lights to brake lights.

19.8. The identification sign “Road Train” must be turned on when the road train is moving, and in the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility, in addition, while it is stopped or parked.

19.9. Excluded as of July 1, 2008. - Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 16, 2008 N 84.

19.10. Sound signals can only be used:

• to warn other drivers of the intention to overtake outside populated areas;
• in cases where it is necessary to prevent a traffic accident.

19.11. To warn of overtaking, instead of a sound signal or together with it, a light signal may be given, which is a short-term switching of the headlights from low to high beam.
(clause 19.11 as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 10, 2010 N 316)