Homemade plowing motor winch- one of the units that are very common in our area. Every self-respecting owner tries to have such a thing. Moreover, to use it not only for plowing, but also for other economic needs.
main part homemade motor winch is the engine. The choice of suitable domestic engines is not very wide. Engines from the "Minsk" motorcycle, from the "Electron" scooter have gained sincere recognition, the "Ural" and "Druzhba" motor-saws are used. The choice of such engines is due to their prevalence and cheapness, many engines migrate from the old, already decommissioned equipment, and live out their remaining century well.

Engine power must be at least 2-3 horsepower (Druzhba chainsaw), the engine must be high-torque and must start well.
Electron motors have not been produced for a very long time; they are convenient in that they have forced cooling. But the engines from the "Tourist" scooter are no longer running, the winch turns out to be very heavy.

Minsk engines fit optimally. They are not very heavy, they start, as they say, with a half-shot and are very common in rural areas.
The main homemade winch assemblies are the frame, traction drum and lugs. Usually the frame is welded from steel tube or square steel profile 25 x 25 mm. You can use an old motorcycle frame by cutting and welding it in a different configuration.
The cable drum is often made from the rear wheel hub of a motorcycle. It already has an axle, bearings, drive gears. You can make a drum from a pipe, but it's a little more complicated.
The gas tank is usually used small, usually from a chainsaw. It already has a faucet with a sump and mounting points. Ignition is standard from a motorcycle.

The usual position of the motor winch operator when plowing is standing on the lug, holding the steering wheel, the right hand controls the throttle valve - just like on a motorcycle. The gears are turned on either with a standard foot lever, or a manual lever is welded on.
The plow speed during plowing is 4-8 km per hour, therefore the diameter of the drum and the gear are selected in such a way that there are enough revolutions when working in first gear. With a long section and light soil, you can work in second gear.

With large lengths of the section, the winch is usually muffled while dragging the plow, if the section is small, then the engine does not turn off, but works constantly for some time. This is relevant because Minsk engines do not have forced cooling. Plowing practice shows that the usual intensity of a motor winch allows you to do without additional cooling.

As lugs, paddles or pins are used, welded to the U-shaped lever, on which the footrest is made. The lug is usually spring loaded for ease of use. Practice shows that when installing a motor winch on a boundary overgrown with solid turf, it is much more convenient to use lugs based on metal pins - they easily enter the ground and hold the winch well.
For complete convenience, you can attach a long lever with a saddle handle to the lug, and sit on it while plowing, while pressing down on the lugs with the fifth point.
Electric winches are practiced on their home plots. For electric winches for plowing an electric motor of at least 2 kW is needed, asynchronous motors are quite heavy, and most of them require a three-phase network, which is not very convenient. Lighter single-phase electric motors are collector motors. The most applicable electric motors from an electric saw, they are powerful, lightweight, have a gearbox and mount, and are well adapted to a winch. Engines from the Parma chainsaw are very often used, since it is very dangerous for work and now there are many good imported equipment, and the outdated Parma is used for the winch.

The most common vertical design of a motor winch with an engine from the "Minsk" motorcycle (photo 1a, b) is made by local craftsmen even to order. The winch frame is made of a steel square section (from old tables and desks). The drum is located under the engine at the bottom, the engine along the way, is fixed above the drum.
The high location of the engine makes it difficult to switch gears by foot, therefore, a manual lever is often made in this design (photo 1b). The winch takes up little space and can be carried in the trunk of a car. A similar winch (photo 2a) is made on a frame made of circular steel pipes with an engine from the Voskhod motorcycle, another one is similar (photo 2b) with lugs in the form of blades.

Interesting winch design(photo 3a, b) about the same layout, but with a more spacious frame. For ease of movement during plowing and travel to the plowing site, a wheel is attached to the frame on one side, and a large steel arc on the other. Such a winch takes up more space, but is more convenient for transportation.

Another design of a motor winch (photo 4a, b) is the so-called reverse. It is based on the motorcycle frame, so the engine is located towards the operator, and the drum stands in place of the rear wheel. The standard muffler is also used, the steering wheel in the fork is turned in the opposite direction. Gears are engaged with the right foot. This design is longer and lower, but requires less welding. An interesting feature of this winch is forced cooling using a 12 volt electric fan powered by a standard motorcycle generator (photo 4b - the fan to the right of the gas tank).

For several years, the Kotlass Electromechanical Plant has been producing winches for use with the Druzhba and Ural chainsaws as consumer goods (photo 5a, b). A double chain drive is used as a reducer. The design is small and light. The winch is not very expensive, since it does not contain a standard engine, but each has its own chainsaw, and is popular. As a comment, it was stated that the diameter of the traction drum is too small.

When the Parma electric saw is installed on such a winch (photo 6a, b), the design is even more compact and lighter. The power of the winch is enough for plowing vegetable gardens on light soils. In general, for plowing heavy soils with sod, stubble, virgin areas, it is necessary to reduce the working width and plowing depth by adjusting the plow, and hold the plow with your hands during the passage, otherwise it strives to jump out of the furrow or burrow into the sod. Then either the cable bursts, if it is thin, which is very sad, or turns the winch out of the ground together with the operator, which is much better, the equipment remains intact.

An interesting design of a completely homemade electric winch is shown in photo 7a, b.
The unit is solid, three-phase asynchronous motor 3kW. For ease of movement, the winch is equipped with long handles and a wheel. If it is necessary to plow a plot far from the power grid, there is an adapter for installing a chainsaw (photo 7b).

The main feature of this winch is the presence of a radio remote control system (the antenna connector is visible on the connection box at the top left). The remote control system allows the owner to use the winch for numerous household needs, whether it is hauling timber, lifting weights, etc. The winch is equipped with an easily removable saddle handle (photo 8a), which is inserted into a socket-tube welded to the lug.

There are many original designs of motor winches, our Russian homebrew constructors do not sit idle (the finished frame for the winch is in photo 8b). A low-budget design approach is associated with low rural incomes. Currently, cool units on imported engines began to appear, again mostly semi-handicraft, made in small batches.

Factory motor winches rarely appear on sale, and their consumer qualities leave much to be desired. Usually, the factory unit is altered for themselves, leaving the base and improving some components, or they are used in a non-standard version. For example, there are winch designs based on a walk-behind tractor. The walk-behind tractor is placed on the base; instead of one of the wheels, a traction drum is put on. Moreover, in the transport position, the walk-behind tractor carries itself and the plow is still in the cart.


Another interesting compact design of the electric winch (photo 9a, b) is produced by one of the state of emergency in the city of Kotlas. A very successful design solution for this winch is a planetary gearbox inside the traction drum, which made it possible to minimize the size and weight of the winch. Now the whole unit looks like it consists of two parts: the engine and the drum, mounted on a closed frame with retractable handles. The low weight of the winch allows the easy-to-remove lugs to be attached directly to the main frame.

From a single-phase 2.2 kW motor there is a chain transmission to a gear mounted on the primary shaft of the gearbox, coaxial with the drum shaft, which is the secondary shaft of the gearbox. Such a construction of the power circuit makes it possible to install a 4-stroke imported gasoline engine instead of an electric motor without changing the transmission. The lever (photo 9a) is used to disconnect the drum from the gearbox (cable unwinding mode) ..
The design of a motor winch powered by an engine from a "Tourist" or "Ant" scooter is shown in photo 10a, b.

This engine is very famous, the T-200, with forced cooling. The ignition can be easily converted to a tractor magneto, which allows you to do without a battery. Starts up very well, quite pulling. Often used on homemade caracats. As noted above, its disadvantage for a motor winch is its weight. But the motor winch turned out to be quite technological, although a little heavy.

For better sliding of the cable, this motor winch uses steel vertical rollers on bearings. This prevents the drum cable from rubbing when the motor winch is inaccurately installed.
Pin lugs, the gas tank is taken from an old moped.
The operation of this motor winch with a hiller is demonstrated in the video.
A variant of a motor winch on the Lifan engine is shown in photo 11a, b. The design is almost the same as in photo 9, the frame is slightly enlarged to allow the installation of the engine. The lug with a spatula, rigidly attached to the frame, in the transport position is turned upside down with the spatula.
Throttle control - with a shifter, engine power 5.5 hp. Reducer - planetary inside the drum. The motor winch is configured as much as possible for ease of transportation, it may be somewhat to the detriment of convenience when plowing. Such winches are produced by LLC "Moris" in Kotlas.
Well, finally, recently (September 2012) I saw a factory motor winch for plowing in a shop in Koryazhma (photo 12a, b). The winch is manufactured at a plant in Izhevsk. The layout is excellent, the handlebars are comfortable, move out from the transport position to the working position. Lugs are small shoulder blades. The engine is 4-stroke imported with a capacity of 5-7 hp. Double reducer - belt plus chain. Clutch - by belt tension, as on cultivators, is activated by a pedal. It looks like a decent unit. There are no reviews yet, I have not yet seen this mechanism in practice.
Plows, hillers and various land cultivation devices are the topic of a separate article.

Now the shops sell electric winches for agricultural work,

In particular for plowing the land. The winch is well done and many

for the processing of land plots. There is such a winch about

250 $. The principle of operation is this, one plows, the other manages,

If the plow jumps out of the ground in the process, you need to shout stop

drag it back and shout again turn it on. Simple and funny

if the operator responds slowly. I suggest an alternative:

At cost, if you buy everything, you can invest in $ 150

electric winch

(electric motor 2.2 kW 1500 rpm - $ 30, cable 5 mm, length 30 m - $ 20,

A gearbox with a gear ratio of 15 can be different - $ 30,

Electronic wireless call - $ 10, the rest is about $ 60)

An important indicator is the rotation speed of the winch drum.

It should be approximately, which will allow you to plow not very slowly

And don't run after the plow. Average pedestrian speed is approximately equal

4-5 km / h - rotation speed is selected by three elements

(by the speed of the electric motor, pulleys, gearbox and insignificantly

drum diameter).

An important element in the winch is the clutch, it must

Switch the drum on and off from the gearbox in order to unwind

Cable. You can use a nut from the engine for clutch

A car that has a mustache and is designed to be installed

Into it the so-called (curve starter) crank for cranking

elbows of the engine shaft.

clutch

Shown in the photo with numbers 1 - the shaft of the gearbox on which the movable

clutch part 2 moves along the axis and is connected by a spring

with shaft 3 which is welded to the winch drum.

Lever 4 you can disconnect or connect the winch drum

to the gearbox to unwind the cable.

clutch disengaged

The principle of operation is as follows, turn off the drum with a lever

unwind the rope at the end to the required length,

we attach to the plow or load that is necessary

move. When the winch is turned on, the clutch automatically

snaps into place and drives the drum which

winds the rope and moves the load towards the winch.

It is also possible to use a winch for dragging loads.

an example can be seen in the video.

Here is the wiring diagram for the remote control starter.

Cool thing makes it easier to control the winch, plowing is possible

land without an assistant, hold the button, the plow is moving, let go, stopped.

This device can be connected to any electrical unit,

opening the gate. turning on the lighting. control of a pump, compressor,

fan and other devices. For purchase and

You can contact us for connection advice below in the form

The self-made winch is designed to facilitate heavy manual labor during soil cultivation and can replace any walk-behind tractor or cultivator. With its help, you can plow the land for the beds, plant harrow, huddle, dig up potatoes.

Agricultural winch allows you to carry out a full cycle of soil cultivation when growing potatoes. The machine contributes to the conservation and maintenance of soil fertility, which leads to maximum yield.

In the distant 90s, a winch for plowing was created on the basis of the engine from the Ural, Druzhba chainsaw, it has served faithfully to this day. The changes and improvements were mainly related to the plow. The video below clearly shows these changes. Gradually the idea came to create an electrical analogue. And that's what happened, see the video and photos below.

A winch was made - a walk-behind tractor from scrap materials using standard publicly available parts and conventional materials (electric motor 2.2 kW 1500 rpm, pipes, corners, sprockets and chains from motor vehicles).

Electric plowing winch

The motor is used three-phase and is connected to a single-phase 220 V. This power is enough for plowing, hilling, digging out potatoes. If you buy a motor for a single-phase network, you can plow virgin soil. And in my modification, for plowing virgin lands, I used a block that reduces the plowing speed by half, but also increases the effort.

A single-phase motor costs more than 10,000 rubles. We are talking about the city of Smolensk, therefore a 3-phase one was installed. In addition, people who were faced with rewinding a single-phase motor faced big problems. In practice, a 3-phase motor is more reliable - it can work continuously for years.

The principle of operation of an agricultural hoist consists in sequential plowing of the land with the return of the plow to the beginning of the furrow. It is desirable to carry out the work together, but if necessary, it is possible to do it alone. In this case, it is possible to apply fertilizers (humus) directly into the furrow.

It even plows sod (virgin soil). At first, a classic home-made plow with handles was used, which required the initial skills of a plowman and weighed a couple of kilograms more than the modernized one.

Electric and petrol winch

(the wheels on the winch are used only for transportation on the site)

Parts that need to be turned on a lathe or bought from a motorcycle parts store.

The fact is that serial walk-behind tractors have an extremely insufficient adhesion mass (5-6 times less than the minimum required), so they cannot create sufficient tractive effort for plowing: they slip. In practice, I was convinced that it is possible to plow only if the grip weight is at least "600 kg (like a horse). And for all wheeled tractors it is calculated so that at least 4 tons per meter of plowing strip width. This means that The MB-1 walk-behind tractor with its mass of 100 kg can lift a layer only ... 2.5 cm wide! To plow with a horse plow that lifts a layer with a section of 20X20 cm, the weight of the walk-behind tractor (tractor) must be at least 800 kg.
It is from these considerations that the Main Directorate of the Traffic Police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia made a technically well-grounded requirement to all walk-behind tractors: “It is possible to produce walk-behind tractors with an engine of no more than 5-7 hp. Moreover, for every hundred kilograms of the total mass of the walk-behind tractor, there should not be more than 1 hp. "

Back in 1998, I made a walk-behind tractor. Although he brought his weight to 240 kg, he was convinced that it was impossible for them to plow well: it was hard - he had to push the plow himself. Then I made a milling cutter. She, too, did not live up to my hopes. As soon as a pebble, rhizome, unpereved manure fell under the knives of the cutter, it jumped out to the surface, and on the cutter, like on a wheel, ran away. And if manure was brought to the site, then the knives did not go deep at all and the manure wound up on the cutter.

In 2000 he made the first motor winch. Its adhesion to the soil is completely independent of weight, since it is securely held in place by the anchor, the paws of which, looking like bayonet shovels, are buried in the soil. It is the anchor that gives the motor winch exceptional performance. It allows all the power of the motor to be used for useful work, which is inaccessible to any other technique of this purpose.

The fact is that both the tractor and the walk-behind tractor spend half of the power on self-propelling. The weight of the motor winch with a full filling (10 liters of gasoline) is only 42 kg. This means that it is half the metal consumption compared to the MB-1 walk-behind tractor, and 14 times less than the mini-tractor of the Kutaisi, Gomel or Kharkov plant.

Well, now let's try to compare the performance of a winch, a walk-behind tractor and a horse. It turns out this kind of arithmetic. The horse's rated horsepower when running is about 1 hp. Its weight is 600 kg. Motoblock MB-1 is six times lighter than a horse. This means that it can use no more than "D hp to create tractive effort.

A mini-tractor is comparable in weight to a horse. Accordingly, it can be assumed that to create tractive effort, it can use no more than 1 hp. My own motor winch with an engine from a motor scooter - "Electron" with a capacity of 7.5 hp. uses all the engine power to create thrust. This means that the winch is 7.5 times more productive than a horse and 45 times more powerful than a walk-behind tractor !!! That is why it easily lifts a layer of soil with a section of 30X35 cm and can plow even virgin soil.

I copied the plow for my winch from a two-wheeled horse plow, only as lightweight and simplified as possible. He "holds" the furrow himself, exactly copying the previously traversed one, and there is no need to manage it. Plowing with a winch is so easy and simple that even children can do it, and it is completely safe. Neither strength nor skill is needed for this.

In our city and the surrounding area, a motor winch has long supplanted both motoblocks and mini-tractors.

Many who, believing the advertisements, bought a walk-behind tractor, are now converting to motor winches using their motors. My neighbor, who has a homemade mini-tractor, has already made seven winches for all relatives, two of which he sent to neighboring regions. He gave his first winch to his brother, who lives in Perm, eight years ago. It was the only winch with grousers on the front and rear of the frame. Perhaps she served as a model for the winch of the Perm students, who, by the way, made two big mistakes. The first is that they made the lugs in the front of the frame, forgetting that when the cable is pulled, a tipping moment appears. This does not make it possible to use the full power of the motor, and working on such a winch is unsafe. It happened that when plowing virgin lands with such a winch, a person standing on the back of the frame was lifted and thrown over the winch. Therefore, the lugs need to be installed only on the rear of the frame, it is better to pivotally: it is more convenient to bury them, and working with the winch will be completely safe. The person operating the winch will stand on the lugs, deepening them with his weight, which makes it possible to increase the tractive effort three times.

The second mistake is that they made a one-wheel plow with control sticks. It is inconvenient to roll it to the beginning of the furrow, and it is impossible to start the furrow from the very obstacle (hedges, buildings, greenhouses, etc.): the control knobs interfere. Moreover, such a plow is plowed by two people.

The plow must be made two-wheeled: such a furrow "holds" itself, exactly copying the previously traversed one. There is practically no need to operate it, it is more convenient and easier to roll it to the beginning of the furrow, it allows you to start the furrow from the obstacle itself, and then one person can plow with a winch.
Now I have three motor winches. The latter design is extremely successful: it plows, harrows, spuds potatoes, loosens the aisles even with closed tops, allows you to plant potatoes "under the plow", handle slopes of any steepness, serves as a lifting device, works with any cultivator, and plows the forest.

In addition to all this, it (which is especially valuable) can carry cargo up to 500 kg at a speed of up to 40 km / h. The traffic police allow you to drive it on all roads without restrictions.

My motor winch is arranged very simply. It has two frames - the main one and the additional one. The main fork is the front fork of the motorcycle, on which the engine, gas tank, drum with cable and engine controls are installed. An additional frame serves to stabilize the winch. An anchor with two lug paws, similar to bayonet shovels, is hinged on it. The additional frame is attached to the main frame with four bolts. In front of it there are two restraining rollers for the cable in case the winch is installed at an angle to the furrow line.

To turn the winch into a vehicle, the drum is removed, the additional frame is disconnected together with the anchor, the rear wheel from the scooter ("Tula", "Tourist" or "Tulitsa") is installed in the main fork frame, and then the main frame is attached to the two-wheel trolley: it turns out a three-wheeled front-wheel drive motocar, similar to a cargo scooter.

Since the wheel sprocket of Tula scooters is twice as large as that of the Electron scooter, the trolley speed has decreased by 2 times.
Interestingly, the bogie steering column is offset back from the main frame; the fork frame, together with the motor, rotates in both directions by 100 °, which allows the trolley to turn in place 360 ​​° without going beyond its dimensions (so that it does not need reverse gear).

Note that the motor, tank, driver and passenger are positioned above the drive wheel and the rear wheels of the bogie are offset back from the center of the body. This increases the load on the drive wheel, while its grip on the road is simply excellent. The body of the cart is wooden, with dimensions 1.5X1.3X0.3 m. The frame of the cart is tubular, the wheels are from the "Electron" scooter.

The transformation of a motor carriage into a motor winch is carried out in the reverse order.
Now many professional designers are convinced that walk-behind tractors are not very suitable for plowing. The industry is organizing the production of mini-tractors - their coupling weight is quite sufficient for this. But using them on a personal plot is extremely difficult. The fact is that its area is very small, from all sides it is limited by a hedge and buildings, and on the sites themselves there are always obstacles: greenhouses, hotbeds, trees, perennial plantings, etc. As a rule, it is not possible to leave the site for a U-turn, and the tractor does this on the site, turning it into a road. After all, he has four wheels that roll the soil not only when moving forward, but also in reverse. Moreover, it is fabulously expensive. With this money, you can hire a plowman with a horse without buying fuel and spare parts for 240 years, since it costs a lot to plow the land in this way. The mass of mini-tractors produced in Kutaisi, Kharkov and Gomel is 600 kg with their engine power of 6 hp, and this power is sometimes enough only to move this mountain of metal at a snail's speed.