In order for the motor to work for a long time and correctly, it needs permanent lubrication. Each motor requires a certain amount of lubrication. For each car, an instruction is attached, in which the exact volume of oil in the engine is specified.

Replacement

This maintenance must be carried out at a certain time. You can replace the lubricant both independently and in the car service. In order to change lubricant yourself, only oil and certain knowledge will be required, and a tool is needed.

In order to replace the lubricant, it is not necessary to use a hole or lift. In order to change the lubricant in the car engine, it may take a regular jack. Of course, if the crankcase protection is installed on your car, it must be dismantled, accordingly you will have to use the lift or observation pit.

The main thing during the oil replacement should be put in the parking brake so that it does not roll and did not fall from the jack. It is necessary to make it so that the car does not give a person who will be under it at the time of replacement.

Also need a packaging to work. Best for this is suitable for the usual basin with low sides. If this is not, then it should be purchased in the nearest economic store, it will be useful in the future not only for the drain of working out. You can use the crunch of an old canister.

Dummy liquid, you can either pass, or leave for your needs. Different firms are accessed, as well as garage cooperatives.

Most often, working out is used as lubrication, and also serves as fuel for furnaces.

If the use of a waste oil as mixing with gasoline for push-pull engines, this will lead to a failure of the DVS breakdown, then the warranty repair failure should not be surprised. It is not worth pouring through fuel.

How much is needed

During the replacement of the lubricant, one more question arises as oil in the engine. If pouring as much as it was, how do some drivers make, it can lead to irreparable consequences. For each motor, there is a certain amount of lubricant that is controlled by a special probe. In each car there is an instruction in which it is written how much oil needs to be poured into the engine, if there is no one, then you can buy it in the store or download on the Internet.

If the car is equipped with a motor volume from 1.8 to 2.5 liters, then poured, as a rule, from three to three and a half liters of lubricating fluid. In order to create the desired amount of fluid, it is required to pour about three liters, and then control the volume of oil in the motor, guided by the tops on the dipstick.

3.5 liters are required for the domestic manufacturer, foreign cars will require 4.2 - 4.5 liters of lubrication.

What volume of oil is in a tank for a motor lubricating fluid for a specific car, you can only find out in a practical way.

What to fill

Before pouring the oil you need to know the brand and the type of fluid that was filled before. There are three types of motor lubrication. Synthetic, semi-synthetic and mineral oils, according to the composition they are different. Mixing different types of among themselves can lead to a coagulation of lubricant, which will lead to the encouragement of the most important aggregates, and this in turn - to the overhaul of the motor.

Motor lubricant should be selected from foreign manufacturers and in good stores. It must be done in order not to buy a low-quality product or generally fake. There should be no foreign bodies in high-quality oil. Even small black foreign bodies that are freely floating in liquid, indicate that it is low quality. Lubricating fluid should not be smelling Gary and should have a light shade.

Does the motor consumes lubricant

Each OI consumes a certain amount of lubrication. Regardless of whether it is a new engine or after the fifth overhaul, the oil portion that the engine consume depends on many indicators. For example, a motor capacity of up to one and a half liters consume 200-300 grams per thousand traveled kilometers. More powerful motors, of course, consume more lubrication. It all depends on the structures.

Characteristics

You should pay attention to the viscosity of the engine oil. It must be defined by the owner. This parameter depends on where the car will be used. The temperature and pressure of the environment, the state of the internal parts, as well as the shelf life - all this directly affects viscosity. Each motor can perceive mineral or synthetic lubricant. What liquid to buy directly depends on the owner.

Summary

In order to find out how much the amount of oil into the engine can be deducted from the instruction that is for each car on the Internet or in any car store. Only after you learned which oil you need to pour into the engine, you can purchase it. Also, you should learn how oil it was filled before, and already, based on this data, buy a new one. Do not mix different types of oils.

Motor oil is the main lubricating element of any gasoline or diesel engine of internal combustion. The volume and characteristics of the lubricant liquid depends on the mechanical features of the motor, its power and litter. The filling volume of oil is installed by the manufacturer of the car, taking into account all the technical characteristics, so when replacing the lubricant fluid, it is necessary to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and take into account some features.

1 How to correctly determine the volume of oil in the engine?

There are no universal volumes, each engine requires the amount of oil that is written in its technical specifications. Differences on the filling volume can be both for different engines of the same volume and for units of one manufacturer, but varying degrees of force. Diesel motors, especially some turbocharged options, require 1-1.5 liters more oil than their gasoline analogs.

The most correct way to find out how many liters of oil is included in this or that model of the motor is to read information in the instruction manual. This feature is mandatory prescribed in the documentation by the manufacturer, as well as the recommended brand and the type of liquid used. That is, before the replacement procedure, it is necessary to know exactly not only the required amount of oil, but also its type (synthetics or semi-synthetic), and, if possible, the brand of the manufacturer of lubricant material.

Looking into the technical documentation for the car, it should be understood that the numbers indicated there in volume are presented for filling into the engine in which it has not previously been used. If the car has a mileage exceeds 20-30 thousand, then the required amount of oil will be at least 400-500 g less than declared in the instruction manual.

This is due to the fact that part of the old lubricant in the process of work is settled on the walls of various metal parts, the part remains in the pallet, some amount is in hard-to-reach places inside the power plant. Fully remove traces of the old lubricant in the engine will only be possible after its full cleaning with the analysis of the main parts and structures. If the manual registed the volume of 4 liters, then after a drain, no more than 3.6-3.8 liters should be poured, given the fact that the oil filter takes place (100-200 g).

2 Replacing Oil by car, Step-by-step instructions

For a model range of VAZ cars with gasoline eight or sixteental motors with a volume of 1.5 or 1.6 liters (type 2111,21114,21124, etc.), which the most popular models are equipped, the recommended amount of oil is 3.5 liters. But given that the residue that is available inside the motor after the drain and installing a new oil filter, first it is necessary to pour 300-400 grams into the filter, and after a while 3 complete liters in the engine itself. Next, the level is adjusted by the probe, so that it is on the mark between MIN and MAX. Immediately when replacing, a small increase in volume is allowed (per 100-150 grams of lubricant) so that the level is slightly closer to the maximum.

Replacing the oil for different types of engine is carried out on the same algorithm:

1. drive the car to the observation pit, lift or overpass;
2. drown out motor, give the time of oil drain in the crankcase and cool;
3. prepare a suitable precipitation container (at least 5 liters in volume);
4. open the hood and remove the cover with the neck on the engine;
5. unscrew the drain tube of the pallet on the bottom;
6. give liquid to extort the maximum volume (wait 15-20 minutes).
7. install a new filter (in it pour some oil, 200-300 g);
8. split a drain plug and pour the recommended volume (in our case 3 liters).

After 2-3 minutes, check the level of the oiled oil by PCU, if necessary, fall to the corresponding mark. After that, get the engine, and let it work for 10-15 minutes on the new oil. Mock the motor and re-measure the oil level, if everything is normal, the process is completed. In case of deviations in any side, drain or decide the liquid until the recommended mark is reached on the probe.

3 Removal of lubricant in the engine - Possible consequences

Any modern motor functions under conditions of strong mechanical loads at high temperature. The working process proceeds under the action of high friction and heating, therefore, for lubricating contacting parts, the creation of protective surfaces and partial cooling of the process must be poured into the engine of motor oil, which is sprinkled in detail under very high pressure.

The insufficient amount of lubricant leads to an increase in the "dry" friction sections, therefore, the heating of individual parts and elements of the system increases, the level of wear of the main mechanisms is generated several times, which subsequently leads to the encoding or output of the motor motor.

Critical decrease in the oil level is displayed by a special indicator on the instrument panel. It is even on old cars, along with fluid level sensors in the brake system and battery charge. But a minor level decline, if the engine "eaten" excess 200-300 g, can pass by unnoticed indicator meters, while the engine increases the load, which quickly reduces its resource.

In the event of a malfunction or low sensitivity of the sensor, the correct feature that the level is lowered to the varnish marks, is the noise in the area of \u200b\u200bthe hydrocompenser system and the constant increase in the temperature of the power unit, which is why the cooling system (fan) works more often than the usual, as well as the appearance of other extraneous Or noncharacteric noise in the engine area.

4 Increased level - permissible, but undesirable

Owl overflow is not as critical, as nothing, but also entails additional loads on various systems inside the motor, therefore it should not allow an increased amount of fluid in the system. The high oil level increases the pressure in the engine, increases the load on the oil pump and the filter, which helps to increase the fuel consumption. Excess oil has a negative effect on gaskets, glands and seals, which eventually, they can start leaking, breaking the tightness of the system, the oil will flow out of the engine, while it can be mixed with antifreeze, to allow that it is strictly not recommended.

In turbocharged engines with certain constructive features, the manufacturer allows an increased flow rate during operation, so the topping is carried out more often than in conventional units, and when replacing the level should be close to the maximum mark. Checking the amount of oil on such types of engine is not less common than every 2-3 days.

On the other types of motors, it is recommended to check the level before the trip every 5-7 days of the active operation of the car. Verification is carried out on an immentable motor, in addition to the oil level, pay attention to the change in its color and structure, if it is recommended to diagnose nozzles and valves before the next replacement, and, if necessary, carry out a complex flushing of the unit or even change the type of oil used.

Following the subsided first emotions after the acquisition of the long-awaited car of the newly minted vehicle owner, there are events to maintain the car in order. Replacing the lubricant is one of the regular procedures required during operation. What exactly to choose and what to be guided by? Why most often the motor "eats" lubricating liquid and how to deal with it? We will try to answer these and some other questions in this article.

Engine oil

The main component of the lubricant fluid for the power unit is the oil base that happens:

• mineral;
• semi-synthetic;
• synthetic.

In terms of chemical compositions, all motor oils are divided.

In addition to this characteristic, such parameters are important as viscosity (based on it, oil is classified according to the SAE indicator) and additives (API or AGEA).

Oil base

So, mineral fluids are obtained in the processing of oil, synthetic - by chemical synthesis, and semi-synthetic - by mixing the mineral and synthetic.

Many prefer semi-synthetic, considering it an optimal option in the ratio of "price - quality".

Viscosity indicator

Reducing the friction of the engine parts is a task that is solved especially about the pistons in the cylinder.

This parameter is classified by SAE, which means the condition of the viscosity of the oil at different temperatures. Thus, under it is understood as the minimum and maximum level, within which the motor can work efficiently and safely.

The letter between numbers, for example W, means Winter, that translated from English - "Winter". But in the name of the oil, it means all-season, that is, the possibility of using it both in the winter and in the summer.

Additive

Additives, classified APIs, have different types: API SJ, API CF-4, API SJ / CF-4. In this case, S means the type of fluid for the gasoline unit, and C is for diesel. As can be seen, there are liquids separately for one and other type of motor, as well as suitable by both.

Engine oil in winter time

To the engine easily started in winter, some features should be taken into account. Most of the lubricants used in Russia have all-season. But experts agree that the recommended oil into the engine in the cold time should be special, since the operating conditions in the winter differ from summer.

It should take into account the mass of the parameters, such as the recommendations of the manufacturer of the manufacturer of the TC, power and wear of the engine, the year of production of the machine, systematicity and nature of operation and other.

For example, if the car winter in the warm garage is used only from time to time, it is unlikely that the owner is hard to think about replacing the oil for this period.

At the same time, if the motor is far from being better, then no expensive oil will no longer save it. In this case, only the repair is required.

Well, for modern cars that are in not saving on oil. Then the motor will serve longer and better.

How much oil needs to be poured into the engine

To accurately answer this question, you need to know the brand and model of the car, as the volume may differ for each machine. Information can be learned from the vehicle operation manual, where data is contained on the required quantity. Nevertheless, even possessing this information, in practice, car owners often do not cost without difficulty.

How many oil needs to be poured into the engine? After all, the norm must be strictly defined.

If you take a car of domestic production, then for the volume of the engine from 1.8 to 2.5 liters, three and a half liters of oil will be required. Therefore, three liters are poured first, and then, after a few minutes, after checking the measurement, the rest of the quantity. With a small level, it is gradually fascinated by small portions until the required level is reached.

For automobiles of foreign oil, with the same as a rule, more is required - from 4.2 to 4.4 liters. Take it in the same way as when refilling domestic cars.

VAZ lubrication

The oil in the VAZ engine, as mentioned above, is poured in the amount of three and a half liters. However, the nominal value is higher and is 3.7 liters. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the minimum and maximum marks on the dipstick, depending on which and add the required amount. When replacing it is impossible to drain all the oil. Therefore, a smaller volume is required, which is indicated by the manufacturer.

Mileage oil in the engine

On average for passenger cars, the indicator varies from fifteen to twenty five thousand kilometers. However, in addition to the recommended kilometer, such parameters like driving manners, type and quality of fuel should also be taken into account. If the oil has been used for a long time, overheating should be avoided, because too high the temperature badly affects it.

If the engine "eats" oil

If a constantly decreasing amount of oil is observed in the engine, the reason for this may be hidden either in poor quality or in the emerging motor problems.

When the engine "eats" the oil, on a small portion again and again it can be added. But in this way, the problem is not solved, but only the time is distinguished when it takes a full inspection and repair of the power unit. If such greed consumption is not associated with the quality of the lubricating fluid, then the reason may be hidden in the combustion in cylinders or leakage through a bad seal.

The combustion is easy to identify, observing the color of exhaust gases. If they have a bluish shade, the problem lies in even if drowned the motor and look at the presence or absence of a thick black plaque, this malfunction can be defined. The solution in this case can be only one thing - the complete replacement of both oil surveillance and compression rings.

But in addition, the cause of the malfunction can be, as already mentioned, different seals and gaskets. Usually, it is precisely rubber seals over time lose their properties. In this case, oil is usually flowing in places of crankcase compound and cylinder block or cylinder strip and timing covers.

The biggest consumption is usually caused by damage to the crankshaft and camshaft. Then the oil flows and you can see the traces from it if the car stood for some time in the parking lot.

It is best to immediately contact the technical center as only such problems are detected. Then the repair can do quite inexpensively. And in the event that the problem is running, small malfunctions will entail more serious breakdowns, and then without significant financial investments it will not be possible to do.

But it may happen that it was filled with an oil that does not correspond to the viscosity recommended by a specific vehicle. As a result, even very good engine oil becomes too fluid. Because of this, the necessary protection of the cylinders is not provided, and it itself begins to roast.

Normal is considered such for every fifteen-twenty thousand kilometers from a hundred to two hundred milliliters. If, with a given mileage, you poured a greater amount of fluid, you can talk about possible malfunctions.

Of course, too much lubricating fluid consumption is usually not related to serious faults. But it is impossible to leave the problem without attention. Especially since the wear of the rings leads to loss of power when working, and also affects fuel consumption.

Other causes of lubrication leakage

In addition to those found most often and are described above, there may be other reasons when, knowing how much oil needs to be poured into the engine normally and ensuring such, it is necessary to add it more and more:

• broken the intake manifold control system;
• motor fluid level sensor has lost her tightness;
• filter element is notometric;
• oils are flooded too much, because of which its working pressure increases - due to this, the load on the rings and the gland, which can also come into disrepair;
• non-use of transport for a long period of time when, due to idle, sealing elements with the glands may disappear;
• bad ventilation level - if gases will be assembled in the crankcase, the pressure in the system will be critical and will extrude the consumable material.

So, now it is clear how much oil needs to be in the engine when replacing and topping at normal operation. If during operation it takes more, it says about the emerging problems that best solve, without waiting for the appearance of more global.

The main parameter when the engine oil is selected is the degree of its viscosity. Many car enthusiasts heard this term, they met on the labels of the canister with oil, but what the numbers and letters showed there are, as well as why it is necessary to apply this technological fluid with a certain degree of viscosity on a specific motor, not everyone knows. Today we will reveal the secrets of the viscosity of motor oils.

First of all, we define the significance of the degree of viscosity of the engine oil. In the engine, many details that are in contact with each other during operation. In the "dry" engine, the work of such details will last long, since because of mutual friction, they are configured and relatively quickly fail. Therefore, the engine oil is poured into the engine - the technical fluid that covers all the rubber parts with oil film and protects them from friction and wear. Each oil has its own degree of viscosity - that is, a state in which the oil remains sufficiently liquid to perform its main function (lubricating engine working parts). As is known, in contrast to the coolant, the temperature of which is always stable during the ride and is located at 85-90 degrees, the engine oil is more exposed to external and internal temperatures, whose oscillations are very significant (under certain operating conditions, the engine oil is heated to 150 degrees).

To avoid boiling oil, as a result, the engine can be damaged by the engine, the specialists in the manufacture of this technical fluid determine its viscosity - that is, the ability to remain in working condition when exposed to critical temperatures. For the first time, the oil viscosity was determined by the specialists of the American Association of Automotive Engineers (SAE). It is this abbreviation that occurs on oil packs. Following it there are numbers, separated by the Latin letter W (it means adapting the engine oil to operation at low temperatures) - for example, 10W-40.

In this row, the figures 10W denotes the low-temperature weaviness - the temperature threshold at which the engine of the car refilled by this oil can start "on the cold", and the oil pump is pursuing the technical fluid without the threat of dry friction of the engine parts. In the specified example, the minimum temperature is "-30" (from the figure facing the letter W Turn 40), while, using the figure 10, the figure 35, we get "-25" - this is the so-called critical temperature at which the starter will be able to Turn the motor and start. At this temperature, the oil becomes thick, but its viscosity is still enough to lubricate the rubbing parts of the engine. Thus, the larger the figure in front of the letter W, with the smaller minus temperature the oil can pass through the pump and provide "support" to the starter. If the letter W costs 0, then this means that the oil is pumped by the pump at the temperature "-40", and the starter will scroll through the engine at the lowest temperature of "-35" - naturally, given the viability of the battery and serviceability.

The digit "40", standing after the letter W in the example we given, denotes a high-temperature viscosity - a parameter that determines the minimum and maximum viscosity of the oil at its operating temperatures (from 100 to 150 degrees). It is believed that the number after the letter W is larger, the viscosity of the engine oil is higher at the specified operating temperatures. Accurate information about how high-temperature oil is needed for a specific engine, it has an exclusively car manufacturer. So we recommend to comply with the requirements of the automakeholder I am to motor oils, which are usually indicated in the instruction manual.

The degree of viscosity of the oil according to the SAE J300 international nomenclature is determined, in which oils according to the degree of viscosity are divided into three types: winter, summer and all-season. Winter oils according to the degree of viscosity include liquids with the SAE 0W, SAE 5W, SAE 10W, SAE 15W, SAE 20W parameters. Summer oils according to the degree of viscosity include fluids with parameters SAE 20, SAE 30, SAE 40, SAE 50, SAE 60. Finally, the most common oils according to the degree of viscosity include all-season - SAE 0W-30, SAE 0W-40, SAE 5W-30, SAE 5W-40, SAE 10W-30, SAE 10W-40, SAE 15W-40, SAE 20W-40. They are the most practical of all, since their temperature parameters are optimally balanced for use at different critical temperatures.

To pick up the oil with an optimal degree of viscosity, you need to guide the two rules.

1. Choose the degree of viscosity of oil on climatic conditions.It is no secret that the oil with the same degree of viscosity (for example, SAE 0W-40) will behave in different ways when the car is operated in the country's region with hot or, on the contrary, cold climate. Therefore, when selecting oils, it should be remembered that the higher the air temperature in the region in which the car is operated, the greater the viscosity class of the engine oil, which can be determined by the digit facing the letter W. This is how the temperature modes that are recommended to use Oil with a particular degree of viscosity:

SAE 0W-30 - from -30 ° to + 20 ° C;

SAE 0W-40 - from -30 ° to + 35 ° C;

SAE 5W-30 - from -25 ° to + 20 ° C;

SAE 5W-40 - from -25 ° to + 35 ° C;

SAE 10W-30 - from -20 ° to + 30 ° C;

SAE 10W-40 - from -20 ° to + 35 ° C;

SAE 15W-40 - from -15 ° to + 45 ° C;

SAE 20W-40 - from -10 ° to + 45 ° C.

2. Choosing the degree of viscosity of oil by term.The older the car, the more wearing the rubbing pairs in it - the details that in the process of the power unit are in contact with each other, and the gaps between them increase. Accordingly, that these parts can continue to perform their functions, it is necessary that the oil film on their surfaces is more viscous. That is, for engines that have developed half of their resource, it is necessary to buy oils with a greater degree of viscosity, and for new - with a smaller.

Each car owner must take care of its vehicle. And absolutely no matter, new this car or old. Correct care will extend the service life of the aggregate. In addition to cleaning the cabin, the volume of oil in the engine should be regularly monitored.

How much is required

To determine whether to pay attention to the country where the car was produced. These data can say a lot about the vehicle.

For example, for domestic cars to lubricate all the details of high quality, it will take 4 liters of oil. For foreign cars, another amount of fluid is necessary. At the same time, the average working filling volume of the engine ranges from 1.8 to 2.4 liters. If the motor motor is more powerful, then lubricants will need more.

How to independently determine the volume of oil in the engine

If the vehicle of domestic production, then to determine the volume of oil is required:

• Pour 3.5 liters in the car.
• Determine the level of fluid with the help of the probe. If oil is not enough, you can add another 200-250 grams.
• With the help of the probe, it should check the level of lubricant.

How to check in a foreign car

The volume of oil in the engine foreign cars is determined in the same way as from the domestic vehicle. For this applies probe. At the same time there are maximum and minimum marks. Do not forget that for each car, depending on the manufacturer, requires a certain filling minimum.

As a rule, for 1.8-2.4 liter engines, about 4.3 liters of oil is necessary. At the same time, it is not necessary to buy a large amount of lubricating fluid at once. There will be enough 4 liters. It should be noted that the exhaust oil does not completely merge. It remains on the motor housing, and on its details.

Another way

How to find out what is the volume of oil in the engine? Of course, it is possible to measure it with the help of the probe, and can be determined by the size of the cylinders. You can measure testimony not only in liters, but also in cubic centimeters. The operating volume of the engine is the sum of the working volumes of cylinders. These readings indicate not only the power of the motor, but also on the fuel consumption.

It is worth noting that the working volume of cylinders is indicated in the technical passport of the vehicle. You can also find out the necessary numbers by studying the blocks of cylinders. They can be considered from the pit. They are indicated from behind large characters. However, if the car is used, bought from the hands, the real indicators may not correspond to the designated. This is especially true if the vehicle visited an accident.

In addition to digits on the cylinder blocks, it is possible to determine the volume of oil in the engine using a VIN code that can be seen on the door from the driver side at the bottom. It is possible to decrypt its value using a special table. This is the most reliable way.