It is a compact machine (on a tracked or wheelchair) with installed hardware loading equipment.

They differ in their compactness, are used in construction, for the service of transport companies (car load), are actively used in warehouses.

The first copies of mini loaders appeared in the 50s of the 20th century. The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating belongs to the brothers Merlo. They not only carried out the development of prototypes, but also established the production of mini loaders.

Today, the Russian market presents a huge number of similar machines of MKSM and PUM brands. Mini loaders Bobcat, Mustang, Anat, New Holland gradually conquer a significant market share of this special equipment.

Classification

For carrying capacity, the technique is divided into:

• light (up to 2 ton),
• average (2-4 T),
• heavy (4-10 tons),
• heavy trucks (about 10 tons).

In the direction of unloading there are mini loaders:

• frontal,
• half-turn
• employed.

By type of chassis:

• crawler
• wheel.

The principle of operation of the mini loader

Movement and maneuvers maneuverates has its own characteristics depending on the type of machine.

The mini loader with an on-board turn can be rotated in one place. This feature is explained by the fact that the wheels on different boards of the loader are driven by various motors, they are able to operate in the regime.

A mini loader with a hinged frame has a high maneuverability. There is a folding semi in the horizontal plane. Such a mechanism provides a minimal impact on the surface, so it is used to work on lawns.

The main equipment of the machine includes: hydraulic system, replaceable working body, device for mounting a replaceable working body.

Modern developments make it possible to use the same loader to perform various works. It is only worth replacing the worker to another.

Despite its small size, the mini loader has a comfortable operator cab. The benefits should also be attributed to the fact that the power of new models increases, the loaders are improving.

And soon they will not give way to technical indicators even with their full-size counterparts.

Specifications

Load capacity - 0.5 - 10 tons.

Unloading height - 200-350 cm.

Engine power - 18-50 kW.

The main argument in favor of using additional work equipment for Bobcat mini-loaders is its high performance, achieved due to the installation of high-power hydraulic drives. Installation of hydraulic pumps is carried out at the factory manufacturer, and for some models they are part of the main configuration. The greatest performance is distinguished by such types of hinged equipment for front loaders, like cutters (used for repair and restoration of road surfaces), concrete pumps and Bobcat hydraulic hammers for construction, brush cutters and a jamming for grinding in agriculture, and others.

High performance

Bobcat mini-loaders allow us to repeatedly expand their functionality through the use of a variety of attached equipment (often referred to as trailers), making it possible to use the same machine in various quality. The mini-loader can perform the functions of the excavator, bulldozer, crane and other machines, and used at a considerable height or in a limited space - on a construction site or indoors. Having at its disposal one front loader Bobcat, you can use about 60 types of construction, road, agricultural and municipal attachments.

Features and advantages

Bobcat mini-loaders allow us to expand their functionality to repeatedly through the use of a variety of Bobcat equipment (often referred to as trailers), making it possible to use the same machine in various quality. The mini-loader can perform the functions of the excavator, bulldozer, crane and other machines, and used at a considerable height or in a limited space - on a construction site or indoors. Having at its disposal one front loader Bobcat, you can use about 60 types of construction, road, agricultural and municipal attachments.

The running part of the forklift includes a frame, front and rear axle, transmission.

Frame chassis loader

The chassis frame of the loader - welded, consists of two longitudinal spars made from steel seam interconnected by crossbar. Front to the frames of the frame welded brackets for the installation of a forklift, and behind the frame loader Attached bolts bumper.

Fig. 1. Frame chassis for a lift loader:

1 - beam; 2 - Loading Bracket; 3 - flange; 4 - hydraulic cylinder bracket.

On automatic loaders with the front-loaded arrangement of the frame forklift (Fig. 1) consists of longitudinal beams 1 of the chaser cross section connected by cross. Front frame welded brackets for fastening a forklift pin. In its middle part there are brackets of fastening cylinders of the tilt of the forklift. On the opposite side (behind the front axle), the frames are attached to the frames with bolts with respect (bumper). The bottom of the frame is based on bridges. The front leading bridge is rigidly attached to the flanges (Fig. 1) clamps. Front bridge drunk wheels. The rear axle with controlled single-wheel drives is attached to the frame hinged than the transverse swing of the machine is achieved and the support of all four wheels is ensured on the base. On the frame (see Reris.1) In addition to the forklift, the engine, transmission elements, hydraulic equipment, control panel, cabin, engine hood are placed.

Fig. 2. Rama chassis of a forklift with a lateral location of the forklift:

Forklifts with lateral location of the forklift have a frame of a P-shaped (Fig. 2). In the opening of the frame, guides are provided for which the carriage with work equipment moves. Additional supports are installed directly on the frame, which provide the loader required sustainability when lifting the cargo side. The top of the frame covers the flooring to accommodate the cargo during its transportation.

Front suspension loader

Front loader suspension - a tough, leading bridge is attached to the chassis frame with bolts.

Rear suspension loader

Rear suspension - balancing.

The stick through the bearing relies on the axis, fixed by the screw in the supports. Fields are welded to the plane of the chassis frame.

Such a suspension, while maintaining the equal load, allows wheels loader Move relative to the frame until it stops into the rubber buffer. The difference in the levels of the wheels is 200 mm.

Moving obstacles exceeding 200 mm should be made at the minimum speed, T to. Wheels - frame form a rigid system. The wheels are connected to the beam by means of a car type fist.

Wheels and loader tires

Wheels of loaders - disk, with removable onboard and lock rings, attached to the hubs nuts on the heels.

Front wheel loader dual, non-interchangeable with rear. Tires - pneumatic, chamber.

In order to avoid damage to the tire and rim, the installation and disassembly of the wheel loaders must be made by the mounting tool in the set of the chauffery tool.

Appendix 10.

The mini-loaders are firmly included in the use of building and utilities. In the overwhelming majority, mini-loaders are wheel loaders with an on-board turn. The number of caterpillar cars is small, this type of technology is clearly underestimated. The advantages of mini-loaders are not only in their compactness, but also in the ability to carry a variety of attachments. The loader is already purchased at the purchase of at least latch and pallet forks.

Mini-loaders are leading on a variety of hinged equipment among construction equipment. Snakes can be divided into two large groups - simple mechanical, the same buckets and pallet forks, and hydrainated. Mechanical hits do not require an additional drive, the hitch is attached to the arrow with latches opened and manually closed, for which the operator needs to be exit from the cab. With certain skills, the shift is made about a minute. There are variants of the mechanism of fast shift with hydraulic control. With all the convenience, this option increases and complicates the car and therefore it is rare. Each loader manufacturer develops their mounts. Similar to the principle of operation, they differ in size, and the bucket from the loader of one brand does not fit the other. It is done so from the desire of the supplier to tie the buyer to the equipment of its brand and prevent his care to the competitor. In addition, model ranges of loaders are divided into two or three sizes, and their attachments may also differ. In order to overcome incompatibility between loaders and samples of various brands, intermediate frames are made, or adapters. With such an adapter, you can, for example, to use a set of inherited attachments from the IMM-800 with a new imported loader, somewhat losing in the capacity.

Mechanical jams can also be divided into whole-wardrobe, such as buckets, and composite, for example, pallet palls or a rotary dump, which are installed on the arrows through the fastening frame.

For operation of the hydraulic hoods, additional hydroconuts are needed with the arrow connectors, and for the mechanisms requiring a large flow of working fluid and pressure, such as a mill or excavator, and more powerful than the standard, hydraulic system will be needed. Imported loaders have such hydraulic flow hydraulic systems indicate the High Flow term. Hydraulic connectors are equipped with quick-consuming couplings, and the connection-shutdown of the attachment drive does not represent complexity. On the pressure and drain highways are different couplings, it is impossible to confuse them. When the connectors are bred on the bending of the arrows, they are far from the ground and from the bucket, and the dirt does not fall on them. If the connector is located on the lower crossing of the arrows, then it is exposed to pollution. The craftsmen close them with remedies from the arsenal "crazy handles", otherwise the dirty coupling will dine with the connection, and later it will even fail.

Loader manufacturers are accompanied by their hinged equipment. Someone is wide, like Bobcat, offering about 60 types of hits, someone has a dozen or two. For the most common loader, the IMM-800 is produced about 40 names of the hitch. The Belarusian Amkodor lays the multifunction of the loaders already at the design stage, and for its machines there is a wide selection of replaceable aggregates.

A large number of diverse hits offer third-party suppliers. For popular brands - Bobcat, Gehl, Mustang, New Holland, Case, Locust, UNC, CATERPILLAR - attachments are made with compatible fasteners, adapters are offered for less common brands. Companies that produce mini-loaders and telescopic loaders unify attachment equipment between close size sizes of these types of equipment. So, JCB unified hinged equipment for Robot mini-loaders and compact telescopic loaders.

The list of hinged equipment primarily includes buckets - all-welded different capacity, two-leafy, buckets with grippers, allowing working with bulk materials of different density and piece goods. Fastening elements to arrows are performed on the back of the bucket. To the hits with a fastener frame include rotary dumps that are used mainly for winter maintenance. Similar frame design at sweeping brushes, which allows you to put a brush at an angle to the onboard stone. Complete with the frame offer cutters and concrete rates, cargo forks and mining grips for long cargo, chain trench and single-loving excavators. The hydraulic hammer is hung through a special frame, so that the hydraulic hammer can be removed and used on another machine.

Today, the choice of hydrolyolotov and hydrogenants, supplied as an eminent firms specializing in the production of complex attachments, such as Atlas Copco, Sandvik (swinging Rammer), Montabert and less well-known, but more affordable by the price of brands. Large manufacturers of construction equipment also offer hitch under their brand. Caterpillar in 1998 swallowed a specialized Dutch firm for this purpose. JCB and Volvo offer atlas Copco and Sandvik (Rammer) under their brands.

Lightweight hydraulic windows are used with mini-loaders, usually without a nitrogen battery and in a solid body. Some manufacturers offer light noise reduction hammers. Light hammers do not equip the lubrication system, so fresh lubricant must be laid at each shift change. Working tool hydraulic hammer - peaks and chisels, basic lightly kneaded parts - sleeves and seals.

In addition to the above-listed types of hits, there are concrete mixers, crane beams, trolleys, soil processing devices, disk saws, snowplows, etc. So for any type of work on the construction site and in a communal service there will be its own tool.

Also, a large number of diverse attachments represents GEHL on the Russian market. The highest quality and affordable price are the main components of its production program.