According to the Rules of the Road Traffic of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as traffic rules), the permissible width of a vehicle is 2 meters 60 centimeters for refrigerators and insulated vans and 2 meters 55 centimeters for other vehicles. The maximum vehicle height is 4 meters. The maximum length of a road train including one trailer cannot exceed 20 meters, while the length of the tractor and the length of the trailer cannot exceed 12 meters.

The permissible mass of a two-axle vehicle (hereinafter referred to as vehicle) cannot exceed 18 tons, 25 tons for a 3-axle vehicle and 32 tons for a 4-axle vehicle. The mass of a 3-axle road train must not exceed 28 tons, a 4-axle road train 36 tons and a 5-axle road train 40 tons.

Ultimate axle load at a distance of more than 2 meters between the nearest axles should not exceed 10 tons per axle, at a distance from 1.65 to 2 meters inclusively 9 tons, at a distance from 1.35 to 1.65 m. should not exceed 8 tons, with a distance from 100 to 135 cm, the maximum axle load should not exceed 7 tons and with a distance between the nearest axles, the maximum axle load on 1 axle should not exceed 6 tons.

All vehicles that do not fit into these restrictions are oversized and for their movement on public roads, you need to obtain special permits. For driving a vehicle exceeding these dimensions, the driver is fined or seized by the VU in accordance with the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

The main problem is the lack of understanding by drivers of these norms. So let's break it down into questions and answers.

B: machine width 2.55 + mirrors. Is it oversized?
A: no, it's a size.

Q: let's say a load overhang of 0.4 m in each side and 2 meters at the back?
A: yes, but at the same time, the width of the vehicle with the load cannot be more than 2.55 m, and the length of the road train is no more than 20 meters.

Q: what does the phrase "pierced along the axes" mean.
A: For example, a 3-axle truck is driving onto the scale. The total weight is less than 25 tons, the distance between the rear axles is 135 cm, but the load on the rear bogie is 20 tons, i.e. not 8 tons per axle, but 10. It is little better than if the truck weighed more than 25 tons.

Q: I was driving tires (tires are taken as an example), on the way they fell apart, opened the awning and my license was taken away from me. IDPS right?
A: Yes, IDPS is right as the vehicle dimensions are exceeded, but there is no permission. The driver is responsible for oversizing.

Q: will the walls of the refrigerator, which according to the documents have a width of 2.6 m, are "inflated" even without load, will the license be taken away?
A: yes, they will.

Q: the vehicle height on raised cushions (meaning axle cushions, an analogue of springs) in the transport position is 402 cm, will the license be taken away?
A: yes, the license will be taken away. If in the transport position the vehicle exceeds the size, then these are your problems, they do not bother IDPS. Try to bleed air at stops or look for legal justification that the measurement of your vehicle was not made in accordance with GOST.

Q: according to the documents, the cargo is 20 tons, it fits into the size, it turned out on the scales that there is 25 tons, who is to blame.
A: the shipper is to blame, he will pay for all the "performance", but, often, it is not always possible to immediately prove this, therefore, legal delays are possible.

As you can see, the working conditions are quite tough and the driver almost always has a good chance of being left without documents, but you should not be afraid of this and give money, since giving a bribe is a serious article, and your guilt has yet to be proven in court. According to the stories of those who carry oversized cargo, there are years when they travel 8-10 months a year not with a license, but with a temporary permit. The main thing is to know the laws, and not at the level of "heard somewhere", but the verbatim formulations and, if possible, carry a collection of laws with you.

To prevent a truck from overturning, it is imperative to take into account the seasonal characteristics and the risk of exposure to heavy winds;

due to the size of the object, the driver's view is limited, as a result of which he cannot adequately assess the road situation;
the cargo covers lighting devices, reflectors, identification marks, state registration plate;
environmental pollution occurs during transportation.

Transportation rules A car with oversized cargo moving on roads should not accelerate more than 60 km / h. In this case, bridges should be overcome at a speed of no more than 15 km / h. Particular attention should be paid to the technical condition of the vehicle.

What is considered oversized cargo

Today, the need to transport large loads has grown tremendously. For this, vehicles with increased carrying capacity requirements are used.
Oversized cargo protrudes beyond the dimensions of the car and exceeds the traffic rules. It has certain dimensions:

in length should not exceed 20 meters;
in height 4 m;
in width it should be 2.55 meters.

If these parameters are exceeded, then in order to be able to transport oversized cargo, it is necessary to obtain a special permit regulating its transportation.

If the driver is engaged in transportation without this document, he violates the traffic rules and is liable in the form of a fine established by law, or is deprived of his driving license. Let's consider what the fine will be for incorrect transportation of oversized items.

Transportation of oversized cargo

Info

That is why transportation can take place not along the shortest route, but with the choice of roads with a suitable class of permissible load. Signs Sign used to designate oversized cargo: Sign "Road train-lengthy" Long vehicle.

When transporting dangerous goods, the car must be marked with a sign: Cover car Previously, if the length of the vehicle loaded with oversized cargo was more than 24 m, but less than 30 m, and the width was more than 3.5 m, but less than 4 m, then the proper conditions for transportation could be created by the transport company without the participation of representatives of the traffic police. But since 2014, when transporting heavy and oversized cargo, it is necessary to use a cover car to ensure safety.

What amount of the fine do drivers pay if they transport oversized cargo incorrectly or transport it without a permit in 2018? Has he changed? The fine for oversized cargo is 2,000 - 2,500 rubles for ordinary drivers. For officials who are responsible for transportation, it will be 15,000 rubles, and legal entities are already paying 500,000 rubles.
If the driver is unable to place the load correctly, he needs to stop and fix the problem or stop driving altogether. You need to be careful and comply with all the rules for the transportation of oversized, so as not to fall under the provisions of the Code of Administrative Offenses 12.21 h. 1 and not pay a fine in the amount of 500 rubles.

Large-sized cargo sign dimensions of the sign according to GOST

General requirements for oversized transportation by Jump, transportation of oversized cargo is technically complex, and in some cases dangerous processes, a number of requirements are imposed on it, the observance of which is mandatory:

when placing a cargo in the body, it is necessary to exclude the obstruction of their view;
it is necessary to ensure reliable fastening of the load in the body in order to avoid its own movement and overturning of the truck;
during transportation, the cargo should not hinder or restrict transport control;
it is forbidden to obstruct the light devices of the car with a load.

Gazelkin complies with all requirements for the transportation of bulky goods.

What is the amount of the fine for the transportation of oversized cargo in 2018

Attention

Special rules should be followed when driving a vehicle (with or without cargo) if:

vehicle height is more than 4 m above the level of the roadway;
the width exceeds 2.55 m. The permissible size in width for refrigerated trailers and insulated bodies is 2.6 m;
the length of the road train, including with one trailer, - 20 m;
length of a road train with two or more trailers - 24 m;
the overall dimensions of the cargo exceed the dimensions of the vehicle by more than 2 m.

Heavyweights Also, a special permit from the traffic police is required when transporting heavy cargo.

What matters is the total weight of the vehicle and the transported object. Specific values in different countries may differ, which must be taken into account when intending to cross the border.

Penalty for transporting oversized cargo without permission in 2018

Cargo taxi "Gazelkin" offers transportation of oversized cargo by various types of vehicles. The experience and professionalism of the company's employees is a guarantee of high quality work performance.

What is considered oversized cargo It includes types of cargo, the dimensions and weight of which exceed the values established by the traffic rules applicable to items allowed for transportation. Based on Russian laws, the following can be classified as cargo of this type:

protruding from the front and rear of the vehicle by more than 100 cm;
protruding along the edges of the car by more than 40 cm.

The calculation is carried out regardless of the dimensions of the machine itself.

Thus, if, when transported by a small-tonnage truck, the cargo protruding beyond its limits is defined as oversized, when transporting it by a long length it will belong to the usual type of cargo.

23. carriage of goods

It is important to take into account the correspondence between the mass of the load and the maximum carrying capacity of the vehicle. When the car is overloaded, the wear of the engine, frame, chassis and wheels increases, and the efficiency of the steering system decreases. This creates the risk of an accident.
Maximum attention should also be paid to the quality of fastening and the location of the load in the body. If it is unstable, there is a risk of the load falling or the vehicle overturning.
The transported items during delivery must not pollute the environment and the roadway, be sources of increased noise.
It is unacceptable to cover reflective and light devices, car license plates with a load or its part.

Delivery of oversized cargo should be carried out by specialized companies - only in this case you can be sure of its efficiency and safety.

The main topics of the car portal

In order to guarantee your protection from problems when filling out an application for obtaining a special permit and directly when transporting oversized cargo, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following orders:

# 107: is a regulation for government agencies for issuing permits;
# 258: regulates the rules for issuing permits;
# 7: establishes rules to ensure safety when transporting oversized items.

Resolutions:

No. 125: procedure for weight and size control;
No. 934 + No. 12: the procedure for compensation for damage caused to the road;
No. 125: rules for passing weight control;
# 211: establishes the rules for the introduction of a ban on transportation.

Fines and Punishments For information on the amount of penalties relying on violations of the rules for the transportation of oversized cargo, see article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

Consider how oversized cargo should be transported, traffic rules and vehicle requirements. Regulatory documents As you can see, only a small fraction of the aspects of transporting oversized cargo are covered by the Road Traffic Regulations.

Basic regulation of the transportation of oversized cargo on the roads of the Russian Federation is carried out by Federal Law No. 257-FZ. In Chapter 5 of Article 31 you can find the following points:

transportation of bulky and heavy cargo requires a special permit;
the procedure for obtaining a special permit is established by the government of the Russian Federation;
before transportation, it is necessary to coordinate the route with the owner of the roads;
in the event of damage, the amount of compensation is calculated by the road owner.

On the basis of the rights specified in the aforementioned normative act, the "Rules for the carriage of goods by road" were drawn up.
What are the dimensions of oversized cargo for transportation Guided by the provisions of the traffic rules, transportation of items unaccompanied is possible only with the following dimensions of freight vehicles (both loaded and not):

height no more than 4 meters;
length up to 20 meters;
width up to 2.55 meters.

Taking into account the dimensions of the cab and chassis of trucks, the capacity of a standard vehicle is functionally limited by the following dimensions:

2.55 m high;
in length 13.6 m;
2.55 m wide.

Any type of cargo that exceeds the specified limits by its dimensions is considered oversized. This includes the load protruding by the above values in whole or in separate parts.

When transporting oversized cargo, it is necessary to use a special identification mark "Oversized cargo".

FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE
RUSSIA

VEHICLE,
PUBLIC ROADS

Moscow, 1999

FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE OF RUSSIA
(FDS of Russia)

ORDER

Moscow city

On the approval of the norms "Maximum masses and dimensions of vehicles operated on public roads"

In order to ensure road safety, reliability and safety of public roads and road structures, taking into account their bearing capacity and carrying capacity I ORDER: 1 . To approve the attached norms "Maximum masses and dimensions of vehicles operated on public highways", agreed with the Ministry of Transport of Russia and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2. The department for ensuring the safety of roads of the FDS of Russia (Sorokin S.F.) together with the Legal Department of the FDS of Russia (Yenikeev Sh.S.) shall agree in accordance with the established procedure with the interested ministries and departments and submit by June 1, 1999 for approval to the leadership of the FDS of Russia "Rules the passage of heavy and (or) large-sized vehicles on public roads "and" Instruction on the procedure for compensation for damage caused by heavy vehicles when driving on public roads ". 3. Control over the execution of this order shall be entrusted to the Deputy Head of the FDS of Russia, Urmanov I.A. Head V.G. Artyukhov

FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE
RUSSIA

MAXIMUM WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS
VEHICLE,
CAR OPERATED
PUBLIC ROADS

Moscow, 1999

1 . General Provisions

1.1. The provisions set forth in these standards relate to the mass and dimensions of vehicles permitted for use in the Russian Federation on public highways, established on the basis of the requirements for ensuring road safety, reliability and safety of highways and road structures, taking into account their bearing capacity and carrying capacity. The following restrictions on the mass and dimensions of vehicles do not apply to the production of vehicles, the requirements for which are established by other standards and norms. 1.2. Vehicles or parts thereof that form part of combined vehicles, the dimensions, as well as the total mass and axle load of which do not exceed the values established by Sections 3, 4 and 5 of these standards, are allowed to travel on federal and territorial public roads. For other highways designed and built for loads lower than those specified in Sections 3, 4 and 5, road owners may establish other (lower) limit values for the mass of vehicles, for federal highways - by the Federal Highway Service of Russia, for territorial highways roads - by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, for municipal highways - by local government bodies. Decisions to reduce the dimensions and masses of vehicles below are made based on the results of road surveys and may be permanent or temporary. In this case, the body that made such a decision is obliged, in the prescribed manner, to install appropriate road signs on the road or its section, on which additional restrictions on the mass and size of vehicles have been introduced, and to inform road users about this. 1.3. A vehicle and its part that forms a combined vehicle, the mass and / or axle load of which and / or the size of which exceeds the maximum values established by these standards, may move on roads only with special permits issued in accordance with the established procedure by the competent authorities. The movement of such vehicles on roads is carried out in accordance with the "Instruction for the carriage of bulky and heavy cargo by road on the roads of the Russian Federation", approved by the Ministry of Transport of Russia 27. 05.96 g. 1.4. In addition to the limit values of the total mass and axle loads established by these requirements, the mass of the transported cargo and the distribution of the axle load must not exceed the values established by the manufacturer for a particular vehicle. 1.5. For the purposes of these standards, the following concepts and definitions are used: Vehicle - a device intended for the carriage of goods and passengers by road; Truck - a vehicle designed and built exclusively or primarily for the carriage of goods; Tractor unit - a vehicle designed and built exclusively or primarily for towing a trailer or semi-trailer; Trailer - a vehicle designed for the carriage of goods by towing by a tractor or truck; Semi-trailer - specially equipped for the carriage of goods, designed to be connected to a tractor in such a way that a part of this vehicle is located directly on the tractor and transfers a significant share of its weight to it; Road train - a combined vehicle consisting of a truck and a trailer; Articulated vehicle - a combined vehicle consisting of a tractor articulated with a semitrailer; Bus - a vehicle designed for the carriage of passengers and their luggage, with more than nine seats, including a driver's seat; Articulated bus- a bus consisting of two or more rigid sections, connected to each other and having a passenger compartment in each section, allowing passengers to move freely from one compartment to another; Combined vehicle- a combination of a truck consisting of a truck connected to a semi-trailer; Maximum length, width and height of the vehicle - length, width and height of a vehicle, loaded or unloaded, not exceeding the values specified in Section 3 of these standards; Maximum linear parameters of the vehicle - linear parameters not exceeding the values specified in section 3 of these standards; Maximum vehicle mass- the mass of the vehicle with or without cargo, which does not exceed the values specified in Section 4 of these standards; - the mass transmitted through the axle of the vehicle to the road surface, not exceeding the standard value; Indivisible cargo- cargo that, when transported by road, cannot be divided into two or more parts without excessive costs or risk of damage, and which, when loaded onto a vehicle, will exceed its maximum dimensions and weight; Air suspension- suspension system, in which the shock-absorbing element is air; Cart- two or more axles with a common suspension to the vehicle; Single axis- the axle of the vehicle located more than 1.8 m from the nearest axle of that vehicle; Close axes- axles (two or more) of the vehicle located at a distance between them less than 1.8 m.

2. Measurement of mass and dimensions of vehicles

2.1. The length of the vehicle is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 clause 6.1. In this case, when measuring the length in accordance with the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on a car are not taken into account: a device for cleaning windows and mud flaps; front and side marking plates; sealing devices and protective devices for them; devices for securing the tarpaulin and protective devices for them; equipment for electric lighting; rear view mirrors; devices for viewing the space behind the car; air tubes; length of valves and connectors for connecting to trailers or swap bodies; steps for access to the body; a lift for a note-on car tire; lifting platforms, access steps and similar equipment, not exceeding 200 mm in the working position and designed in such a way that they cannot increase the maximum load weight of the vehicle; coupling devices for towing vehicles or trailers. 2.2. Vehicle height is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 clause 6.3. Moreover, when measuring the height, taking into account the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on the vehicle should not be taken into account: antennas; pantograph in the raised position. For vehicles equipped with an axle lift device, the effect of this device is taken into account. 2.3. Vehicle width is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 clause 6.2. When measuring the width of a vehicle, taking into account the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on a vehicle shall not be taken into account: devices for seals and seals and their protective devices; devices for securing the tarpaulin and protective devices for them; tire damage identification devices ; protruding flexible parts of the mudguards; Lightning equipment; steps in the working position, suspended platforms and similar equipment, which in the working position do not exceed 10 mm on each side of the vehicle and facing forward or backward, the corners of which have curves with a radius of at least 5 mm, and the edges of which have curves with a radius of at least 2 .5 mm; rear-view mirrors; tire pressure indicators; retractable or retractable steps; a curved portion of the tire surface that extends beyond its point of contact with the ground. 2.4. The axle mass of a vehicle is measured with a dynamic vertical load transmitted through a single axle to the road surface from a laden vehicle. The measurement is carried out by special truck scales that have passed the certification in accordance with the established procedure. The axial mass of a bogie located on one suspension, taking into account the design of the vehicle, is determined as the sum of measurements of the mass of each of the axles included in the bogie. 2.5. The gross mass of a vehicle or part thereof forming part of a combination vehicle is defined as the sum of the measured masses of all axles of the vehicle or part thereof.

3. Maximum dimensions and other parameters of vehicles

The maximum dimensions of vehicles, taking into account the dimensions of swap bodies and containers for goods, including containers, must not exceed the values given below. 3.1. Maximum length: of a truck - 12.00 m; trailer - 12.00 m of an articulated vehicle - 16.5 m of an articulated bus - 18.00 m of a road train - 20.00 m 3.2. Maximum width: all vehicles - 2.50 m 3.3. Maximum height - 4.00 m 3.4. The maximum distance between the axle of the coupling device and the rear part of the semitrailer should not exceed 12.00 m. 3.5. The maximum distance measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road train from the outer front point of the body or the platform for placing cargo behind the cab to the rear outer point of the trailer, minus the distance between the rear of the tractor and the front of the trailer, shall not exceed 15.65 m. 3.6. The maximum distance, measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road train, from the outer front point of the body or platform for placing the load behind the cab to the rear outer point of the semitrailer should not exceed 16.40 m. 3.7. The load installed in the body of the vehicle must not protrude beyond the rear outer point of the car or trailer by more than 2.00 m. 3.8. The distance between the rear axle of the truck and the front axle of the trailer must be at least 3.00 m. 3.9. The horizontally measured distance between the pivot axle of the semitrailer and any point of the front of the semitrailer should not exceed 2.04 m. 3.10. Any vehicle in motion must be capable of turning within the space bounded by an outer radius of 12.50 m and an inner radius of 5.30 m. 3.11. The maximum distance between the axle of the hitch latch and the rear of the combination vehicle shall not exceed 12.00 m.

4 . Regulatory total mass of vehicles *

* The standard total weight of vehicles is not allowed to exceed more than 20%.

Table 4.1

Vehicle type		Regulatory total mass of the vehicle, t
	Trucks a) two-axle vehicle
	b) three-axle vehicle
	d) a four-axle vehicle with two driving axles, each of which consists of two pairs of wheels and has an air suspension or an equivalent to it
	Vehicles forming part of a combination vehicle (a) two-axle trailer
	b) three-axle trailer
	Combined vehicles Articulated vehicles
	a) a two-axle tractor with a two-axle semitrailer with a total base of 11.2 m and more
	b) a two-axle tractor with a three-axle semitrailer with a total base of 12.1 m and more
	c) a three-axle tractor with a two-axle semitrailer with a total base of 11.7 m and more
	d) a three-axle tractor with a three-axle semitrailer with a total base of 12.1 and more
	e) a vehicle consisting of an 18-ton truck and a 20-ton semi-trailer if the vehicle has a drive axle consisting of paired wheels and is equipped with an air suspension or an equivalent suspension with a total base of 13.3 m or more
	Road trains a) a two-axle truck with a two-axle trailer with a total base of 12.1 m and more
	b) a two-axle truck with a three-axle trailer with a total base of 14.6 m and more
	c) a two-axle truck with a four-axle trailer with a total base of 16.5 m and more
	d) a three-axle truck with a two-axle trailer with a total base of 14.6 m and more
	e) a three-axle truck with a three-axle trailer with a total base of 15.9 m and more
	f) a three-axle truck with a four-axle trailer with a total base of 18 m or more
	Buses a) two-axle bus
	b) three-axle bus
	c) three-axle articulated bus
	d) four-axle articulated bus

5 . Standard axle loads of vehicles

Table 5.1.

Standard axle loads of vehicles *

* The axle loads of vehicles must not exceed the standard axle loads by more than 40%.

Types of vehicle axles	Estimated axial load for which the road surface is designed, tf


	gable	shed
Single axes
Twin axles of trailers, semi-trailers, driving axles of trucks and buses at the distances between the axles:



d) equal to or more than 1.8 m

Triple axles of trailers and semi-trailers at distances between axles:
a) more than 0.5 m, but less than 1.0 m
b) equal to or more than 1.0 m, but less than 1.3 m
c) equal to or more than 1.3 m, but less than 1.8 m
d) equal to or more than 1.8 m
- the same, when mounted on an air or equivalent suspension

5.8. The weight transferred to the driving or driving axles of the vehicle or the combined vehicle must not be less than 25% of the total weight of the vehicle or the combined vehicle.

1. General Provisions. 2 2. Measurement of the mass and dimensions of vehicles. 3 3. Maximum dimensions and other parameters of vehicles. 4 4. Normative total mass of vehicles. 5 5. Standard axle loads of vehicles. 6

The carriage of goods on the territory of the Russian Federation is regulated by Chapter 23 of the Road Traffic Rules. Transportation of oversized objects is additionally regulated by a number of federal laws and orders. Consider how oversized cargo should be transported, traffic rules and vehicle requirements.

Regulatory documents

As you can see, only a small fraction of the aspects of transporting oversized items are covered by the Road Traffic Regulations. Basic regulation of the transportation of oversized cargo on the roads of the Russian Federation is carried out by Federal Law No. 257-FZ. In Chapter 5 of Article 31 you can find the following points:

transportation of bulky and heavy cargo requires a special permit;
the procedure for obtaining a special permit is established by the government of the Russian Federation;
before transportation, it is necessary to coordinate the route with the owner of the roads;
in the event of damage, the amount of compensation is calculated by the road owner.

On the basis of the rights specified in the aforementioned normative act, the "Rules for the carriage of goods by road" were drawn up. In this document you can find prescriptions regarding the procedure for organizing transportation, ensuring the safety of vehicles and containers, if necessary, the conditions of transportation and the provision of the vehicle for transportation.

Related orders and regulations

# 107: is a regulation for government agencies for issuing permits;
# 258: regulates the rules for issuing permits;
# 7: establishes rules to ensure safety when transporting oversized items.

Resolutions:

No. 125: procedure for weight and size control;
No. 934 + No. 12: the procedure for compensation for damage caused to the road;
No. 125: rules for passing weight control;
# 211: establishes the rules for the introduction of a ban on transportation.

Fines and penalties

For information on the amount of penalties due for violations of the rules for the transportation of oversized cargo, see article 12.21.1 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation. There you will also find out exactly who should be punished for violations. For example, for the absence of a special permit, a driver may receive a fine of 2 thousand rubles, but, even worse, he may lose his driver's license for up to six months.

What cargo is considered oversized

Cargo is considered oversized if its weight and / or size exceeds the value established by the traffic rules of a particular country as permissible during transportation. According to the traffic rules of the Russian Federation, oversized cargo is considered to be:

Traffic rules on transportation

Clause 23.5 of the SDA states that cars transporting such goods must be marked with the sign "Oversized cargo". Additionally, in the dark (remember that this is considered the time from evening twilight to the beginning of twilight in the morning) and in poor visibility conditions, a reflective element or a white light lantern must be installed in the bow of the car, in the aft part - a reflective element or a light source of sufficient power Red. This is quite enough for driving on public roads.

Special Requirements

The transportation of explosive, chemical or other dangerous goods, long objects or heavy goods is regulated by special regulations established by the relevant government agencies. Special rules should be followed when driving a vehicle (with or without cargo) if:

Heavyweights

Also, a special permit from the traffic police is required when transporting heavy cargo. What matters is the total weight of the vehicle and the transported object. Specific values in different countries may differ, which must be taken into account when intending to cross the border. The definition of "heavyweight" in the Russian Federation includes:

Also, do not forget about the strict requirements for the distribution of the axle load. It is not only the distance between the adjacent axles that matters, but also the standard loads of highways. During the design, construction and reconstruction of the roadbed, the permissible axial load is laid down, for example, 6, 10 or 11.5 tons. That is why transportation can take place not along the shortest route, but with the choice of roads with a suitable class of permissible load.

Signs

The sign used to designate oversized cargo:

Long-length road train sign
Long vehicle.

When transporting dangerous goods, the vehicle must be marked with a sign:

Cover car

Previously, if the length of a vehicle loaded with oversized cargo was more than 24 m, but less than 30 m, and a width of more than 3.5 m, but less than 4 m, then the proper conditions for transportation could be created by a transport company without the participation of representatives of the traffic police. But since 2014, when transporting heavy and oversized cargo, it is necessary to use a cover car to ensure safety. Requirements for an accompanying car:

the presence of a yellow-orange stripe;
the presence of yellow and orange flashing beacons;
a reflective or light board must be installed, on which there will be an inscription warning about the peculiarities of the cargo (for example, "Long length").

Departure abroad and interregional transportation

If you intend to cross the border, please note that a car without a special international permit will be detained.

When passing the route through two or more territorial units of the upper level of the Russian Federation, an interregional permit should be obtained. As in the case of an international special permit, you can apply for obtaining through the website of the "State Service". You can fill out an application with a personal visit at the offices of the Road Administration of the Russian Federation or in subsidiaries.

How to get permission

Obtaining a permit for the transportation of oversized cargo is regulated by the so-called Order 258. It is in this document that you can find out:

admission parameters and conditions for refusal to submit an application;
a complete description of the procedure for drawing up and submitting an application;
how the document should look and what information should be indicated in it;
subtleties when coordinating the transportation of heavy objects;
the established deadlines for obtaining a permit;
the procedure for issuing a special permit or receiving a refusal.

Ban on carriage

Consider in what cases the transportation of oversized cargo is prohibited:

the load interferes with driving;
with a load, the car becomes unstable. To prevent a truck from overturning, it is imperative to take into account the seasonal characteristics and the risk of exposure to heavy winds;
due to the size of the object, the driver's view is limited, as a result of which he cannot adequately assess the road situation;
the cargo covers lighting devices, reflectors, identification marks, state registration plate;
environmental pollution occurs during transportation.

Transportation rules

A car with an oversized cargo moving on roads should not accelerate more than 60 km / h. In this case, bridges should be overcome at a speed of no more than 15 km / h. Particular attention should be paid to the technical condition of the vehicle. The trailer must be equipped not only with a working parking brake, but also with a special device that ensures the trailer stops when the air lines of the pneumatic brake system from the tractor breaks. The load must be securely fastened, the integrity of the fastening must be checked periodically.

Often in the process of transportation it is necessary to transport various oversized cargo. There is no clear definition in the SDA for this.

It is generally accepted that cargo is oversized if it does not meet the requirements and exceeds the dimensions of the vehicle itself, as a result of which the risk of accidents increases. Therefore, the oversize must be allocated in such a way that other road users can see it from a long distance and take measures to ensure safety.

There are two main types of this type of cargo:

oversized - exceeds the dimensions of the vehicle, can overlap part of the carriageway;
heavy - its weight is greater than the maximum permissible weight that this machine can carry.

If we are talking about freight transportation, then the oversize exceeds the following parameters:

its height is more than 2.5 m;
weighs from 38 tons;
length starts from 24 m;
width - from 2.55 m.

What is the penalty for non-compliance?

It should also be recalled that the admin code provides for punishment for improper organization of the transportation of oversized items and without the appropriate permission.

In particular, in the article of the Administrative Code 12.12.1 Part 1 it is said that the driver will have to pay a fine of 2,500 rubles.
The official who authorized such transportation will be obliged to pay 15-20 thousand rubles.
And for a legal entity, responsibility is imposed in the form of 400-500 thousand rubles.

Under the same article, the driver may be deprived of his driver's license for up to six months.

Based on all these factors, the driver and the person in charge may not only receive a fine for oversized cargo, but also lose their license. Therefore, it is necessary to study and strictly adhere to the rules for transporting oversized cargo, which are described in the SDA.

Oversized cargo sign

First of all, the vehicle is marked with the special sign "Oversized cargo". It is a metal plaque with diagonal white and red lines. The size of the shield is 40x40 cm. It is also allowed to use stickers of the same size.

The surface of the plate must be retroreflective so that it can be seen both in the daytime and at night.

In addition to this plate, any truck must be marked with the following signs:

road train;
large size;
length (Long Vehicle).

It is necessary to install this sign on those parts of the cargo that protrude above the carriageway. Reflectors are also used. They should be white in the front and red or orange in the back.

Oversized - transportation by light transport

It is often possible to see how oversized cargo protruding above the roadway is transported on passenger cars, similarly to cargo vehicles. For drivers of passenger cars, liability for violation of transportation rules is also provided, so they should be considered.

The following cargo is considered oversized:

protrudes more than one meter behind or in front;
from the side - 40 or more centimeters.

If you are dealing with this type of transportation, then you must use the above plate (sign) and attach it directly to the protruding parts of the oversized cargo. At night, in addition to the sign for oversized cargo, use reflectors - white at the front, red at the back.

It is necessary to place the load in such a way that it does not block the driver's view, there is no risk of it slipping, and does not cause damage to the road surface or auxiliary structures.

Please note that if the cargo protrudes from the back or front by more than 2 meters, and the total width exceeds 2.55 meters, then its transportation by light transport is prohibited without a special permit. If you are stopped by an inspector, then there is a high probability that an appropriate protocol will be issued and you will be deprived of your rights for up to six months.

Organization of transportation of oversized cargo

If massive objects are to be delivered by road, for example, heavy equipment or large agricultural machinery, it is necessary to take care of obtaining permission in advance from the regional department of the Ministry of Transport.

You will need to provide the following information:

metric parameters of the transported equipment;
the route along which the convoy will move;
quality certificates and additional documents confirming the characteristics of the cargo: dangerous, large-sized, not dangerous, and so on.

It may take up to 30 days to agree on routes and obtain a permit. The Ministry of Transport will analyze the route, and if it turns out that there are any communications along this route that interfere with the passage (low bridges, overpasses, overhanging power lines, narrow sections of the road), then the route may be revised. It is possible that you will need to use another mode of transport, such as rail or sea.

In special cases, escort can be distinguished in the form of several patrol cars with orange flashing beacons. They will not give any priority in traffic, but will alert other car owners of a potential threat.

If a convoy consisting of several long vehicles is moving, the following requirements must be met:

accompanying vehicles with flashing beacons in front and behind the column;
the distance between each unit of transport must ensure safety;
if dangerous goods are transported, the presence of one more additional heavy-duty vehicle will be required in order to transfer the cargo to it in case of unforeseen situations.

In conditions of poor visibility, all vehicles must be equipped with signal lights.

There are also such cases when the transportation of oversized cargo may be refused:

it is possible to transport it by other means - railway, air or sea transportation;
the cargo is divisible, that is, it can be disassembled without damage;
100% safety cannot be ensured, for example, if the route runs through populated areas or near dangerous sections of the road.

Well, and the most important point - only technically sound vehicles are allowed to do such work. Therefore, before starting, you must go through a full diagnosis, eliminate any malfunctions. Drivers also undergo a mandatory medical examination and observe work and rest regimes.