An updated version of the Ulyanovsk SUV was subjected to two independent and one factory crash tests using the ARCAP method.

A crash test according to the Russian ARCAP methodology is a frontal impact of a car at a speed of 64 km / h into a deformable barrier made of aluminum honeycombs, imitating the front of a passenger car. Since oncoming collisions rarely occur head-on, during the crash test, the test car crashes only with part of the front end - the overlap is 40%.

According to Autoreview, in order to increase passive safety The Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant has significantly improved the design of the Patriot. Second “mini-spars” appeared under the seats, the left A-pillar was tightened with bolts, the number of body attachment points was increased.

In the cabin - a new safety front panel, mounted on a powerful cross member, new steering column, capable of compensating for up to 140 mm of steering movement, as well as belts equipped with pretensioners and force limiters, plus driver and passenger airbags.

According to the ARCAP methodology, the researchers had to conduct a couple of crash tests at once instead of one. The first - at a speed of 64.9 km / h, when the "Patriot" earned 4.4 points and one star. Although the UAZ people expected that the updated SUV would score eight to ten points out of 16 possible.

UAZ proposed to “recognize the crash test conditions as incorrect and cancel its results”, since the base plate to which the deformable barrier is attached rises 200 mm above it, and the requirements of the Euro NCAP methodology, on the basis of which the ARCAP rating was developed, state that the plate should be no more than 75 mm higher

As a result of the deviations from the methodology, the UAZ “Patriot” received a strong hard blow to the hood line and elements of the upper structure of the body mudguards, after which an unpredictable redistribution of loads occurred on the base of the wind strut, the steering column cross member was fastened, which, in turn, led to increased movements steering wheel that affected the criteria for neck injury

The difference is the following. The first impact (with a high barrier) "can be considered a collision with a crossover or SUV of a similar mass", and the second (with a low barrier) is, for example, an accident with an S-class Mercedes.

According to the results of the second crash test, the updated "Patriot" received 5.3 points, one star and one "cross" on the driver circuit - for a high risk to life. important organs. Thus, the SUV took 21st place out of 38.

A similar result was shown Lada Kalina sample 2005 (without airbags), which earned 5.6 points, and Chinese hatchback Chery QQ rated 4.9: Both cars also "killed" their drivers. True, in the event of an accident, the owner of the Patriot can rely on a considerable - almost 2 tons - mass.

It is important that the broken "UAZ" were on 18-inch wheels. And Takata (a supplier of safety equipment) conducted debugging tests on 16-inch ones. And it seems that two inches of difference "dramatically increased the extent of destruction."

P.S. UAZ, having conducted its own crash test of "16-inch cars" using a similar methodology, stated that the "Patriot" received 11 points. Truth, independent experts alerted that the pillows during the "signature" impact fired eight milliseconds earlier.

The beginning of the development of any modern car begins with computer simulation, but at this stage it is impossible to realistically calculate the safety risks. You can find out exactly how a vehicle will behave in an accident only by creating an artificial accident. To ensure the safety of the driver and passengers, hundreds of new cars are crashed every year in crash tests. Such tests are carried out both by the automakers themselves and by independent organizations.

What are crash tests for?

Testing a car by deliberately colliding with an artificial obstacle is called a crash test. The conditions of a real accident are created in order to empirically determine the nature of the damage to the car and its impact on the safety of the driver and passengers. Until 1965, the role of special dummies was assigned to the corpses of people and animals. A modern mannequin is equipped with dozens of sensors to measure a variety of parameters.

A crash test is carried out before the release of the car into mass production.

Basically, the tests involve frontal and side collisions with obstacles, as they are characterized by the greatest risks to the life and health of everyone in the car. In addition to the level of safety of people, tests help determine the strength of the body, various nodes and hanging parts.

Test Methods

Today, two main methods of vehicle safety testing are used - the European Euro NCAP system and the American NHTSA. The first involves four main steps:

1. Frontal collision of a car with an obstacle at a speed of 64 km/h.
2. Side impact - a cart weighing 950 kg enters the car.
3. clash in reverse- a car at a speed of 29 km / h drives into a metal pole.
4. The fourth stage determines the safety of the car for pedestrians - the test involves a collision with a dummy at a speed of 40 km / h.

Often, the manufacturer additionally checks child safety, for this the reliability of child restraints of a particular model is determined. To obtain a result according to the European methodology, a 16-point system is used, according to the results of the study, an overall assessment is made based on all the tests performed. The American test system differs in some details from the European one. For example, according to this scenario, in a non-cart when head-on collision a car enters, but vice versa - the cart accelerates and hits. The speed is also different American system it is 55 km/h. Side impact is carried out at a speed of 61 km / h, while the mass of the cart is 400 kg more, and both sides are checked for impact.

Grading system

After the tests, based on the results obtained, the experts calculate the points and put one of the ratings:

• poorly;
• weak;
• satisfactorily;
• OK.

In addition to ratings, points are given - stars. Maximum number stars - 5, respectively, the more they get the car, the safer it is. If the car gets a “good” rating, it means that the level of safety is high enough, in case of a serious accident, the driver and passengers receive the least damage possible in such a situation. If the rating is "bad", then the level of security is low. In real emergency this is tantamount to receiving serious injuries, up to incompatible with life.

For recognition vehicle safe must be scored at least three stars, or received a rating of "satisfactory".

Front impact test

The main type of crash test is a test of the damage received in a frontal collision. In real accidents, this is the most life-threatening type of impact. conditioned heightened danger the fact that in such a collision the driver and passengers receive more injuries, in addition, there is a high probability of getting into the passenger compartment through windshield various items. Therefore, for the integrity of the car, the frontal impact should be as less critical as possible, and the deformation should be minimal. According to the European crash test system, the car accelerates to 65 km / h and crashes into an obstacle. Most modern cars pass these tests with good marks.

According to statistics, only 20% of vehicles fail testing.

If the automaker gets over the frontal impact good mark, then he can carry out further checks on his own. Independent organizations also have the right to periodically organize crash tests, regardless of the manufacturer.

Side impact crash test

The next stage of testing involves a collision with an obstacle from the side. Regardless of the type of crash test system, a special trolley is used for this. Usually the point of impact is middle part between the driver's door and rear passenger. At a speed of about 50 km/h, a collision is simulated with a small truck. The test uses an adult dummy in the driver's seat and a smaller dummy in the driver's seat. back seat behind the driver imitating a teenager.

Increasingly, the first imitates a woman. This is due to the fact that the woman behind the wheel in most cases sits down without leaning back in her seat, but on the contrary, closer to the steering wheel. In this case, in a side collision, a head hit on the glass is guaranteed. This is fraught with serious head injuries.

Rear impact crash test

Crash tests are carried out not only from the front, but also from the rear. Attention is also paid to passive safety, for which height-adjustable head restraints serve. For testing driver's seat is installed on a special sled, on which it can easily move back and forth, then a standard mannequin sits in the chair and fastens it with a seat belt.

At a speed of 35 km / h, a shock test is carried out in back car. The timing of the deployment of seat belts and airbags is measured, as well as the performance ABS systems. modern car equipped additional funds prevention of emergencies, for example, emergency braking and avoiding obstacles, controlling the trajectory of movement along road markings. UAZ cars and in general domestic auto industry far from such technologies, but perhaps in the future these systems will be the norm for our machines.

Safety Check for Pedestrians

Previously, the vehicle injury test method for pedestrians was not used. Modern realities dictate their conditions, and tests are now being carried out, the purpose of which is to determine how dangerous a car is for a pedestrian in a collision. Many global manufacturers already take such crash tests into account when developing body elements.

The test is carried out according to a special technique, the modernized body should not inflict serious injuries on a pedestrian in the event of an emergency. According to statistics, in such accidents, pedestrians are injured due to hitting their heads on the hood or windshield. To avoid such injuries, automakers are beginning to equip the front of the body with special hydraulic chucks. Upon impact, they shoot, sharply raise the hood and prevent the pedestrian from hitting, pushing him back.

Such technologies are constantly being refined and improved in order to minimize the occurrence of injuries when hitting a pedestrian to a minimum. All test stages must be taken into account before final marks are given. To obtain maximum points, the manufacturer must pass all stages with good performance.

Ignoring any mandatory requirements vehicle safety leads to a lower overall score in independent crash tests, which are more objective than those organized by the manufacturer.

We are glad to welcome patriots in the topic of safety UAZ Patriot! The topic is actively massaged not only on forums, but also at the most prestigious exhibitions of automotive achievements. UAZ Patriot did not install airbags until last year, but UAZ Patriot 2017 has already got a pair of front airbags. At the present stage, the auto industry is literally fixated on the safety aspect and improving the equipment of the UAZ Patriot cabin. And the close attention of leading manufacturers has its justification despite the fact that many motorists of the old school ignore even belts (familiar, right?).

Regarding the pros and cons - if you put aside the bravado and analyze the capabilities of the Patriot, it turns out that there are indisputable arguments in favor of equipping the security system with airbags. Go:

• Patriot is a heavy machine that is not inferior to the frames in terms of mass. How will it behave when skidding? That's right, equivalent to a steam locomotive on at full speed. The reaction and experience of the driver, adequate tires and ABS do not always give a positive result. Thanks to a mass of under 3 tons, a collision in critical situation will definitely be tough.

• Head-on collisions always invariably touch the steering column of the UAZ Patriot, and, accordingly, head and chest injuries are provided. It is in this case that the pillow for the driver and passenger on front seat can save a life. Notice high speeds in order to cripple the fragile constitution of any person is not needed. A crash test at a total speed of 110 km/h (55 km/h for each participant in the accident) showed that the mannequins imitating the passenger and the driver could not "survive" without pillows.

• Properly tuned and accurate electronics will not allow the airbag to work at speeds up to 20 km / h. This means that if you slowly slipped into a ditch due to distraction due to the lack of a UAZ Patriot multifunction steering wheel, then there will be no airbag deployment. This moment is important not only for comfort, but also from the point of view of safety, because. An improperly opened pillow can also cause injury.

So the presence additional elements security argued. Now about the design of airbags on the UAZ Patriot - they do not fundamentally differ from typical Airbag devices on other cars. On Patrick 2017, the pillow for the driver is located in the steering column, for the passenger who takes the place of the navigator - in the glove compartment. The whole Airbag system consists of: inflatable bag, gas generator, collision sensor and control lamp on the dashboard.

The mechanism of operation is quite simple, but requires precise and professional adjustment by qualified personnel. It’s almost impossible to adjust the UAZ Patriot airbag on your own, and it’s forbidden, so if the red indicator light stubbornly does not want to go out, you will have to contact the service station.

The sensor must respond to any deformations and sharp shocks in order to transmit a signal to the detonator, which destroys the membrane of gas cylinders. The pillow at the moment of opening breaks through the cover of the module. The cushion expands in about 30 ms. At the same time, the pillow should not be filled with gas to the eyeballs all the time, so as not to kill or maim due to the dense structure. The softness of the pillow is achieved through special holes. Impact damping is based on the principle of rapid rise and fall of pressure in the pillow through special calibrated holes, which allows dampening the dynamics of body movement. The Airbag system, due to the accuracy of execution and responsibility of the function, significantly raises the cost of UAZ Patriot 2017, but this rise in price is quite justified when compared to classic equipment, the risk of death in a frontal collision is 30% less.

In December 2016, which was organized and held by the automotive publication "AvtoReview". Then the results, if we consider them in comparison with testing seven years ago, pleasantly surprised the experts. Progress was visible to the naked eye. However, with a more detailed study, it turned out that it’s still the same to rejoice, by modern standards, the SUV looks faded and inexpressive, displacements and overloads during an accident are still extremely high. The percentage of fatal traffic accidents will decrease, but injuries to the driver and passengers may be significant.

Perhaps in order to be rehabilitated in the eyes of the public, the manufacturer domestic SUVs from Ulyanovsk, asked the publication to cancel the results of the testing and recognize them as incorrect due to the mistakes made, according to experts from, in the preparation of the crash test. In particular, the manufacturer complained that certain deviations were made in the placement of the deformable barrier on the base plate, because of which the car received much stronger loads on the structure.

The first ARCAP crash test conducted by AutoReview

UAZ representatives also referred to the tests that were carried out in Germany, at the Takata test site. According to the results of tests conducted abroad, he received from 8 to 10 points.

The auto-edition went to meet the manufacturer and agreed to conduct a second crash test. Changes were taken into account when installing a deformable barrier, which received a low base plate.

Repeated acceleration to 64 km / h, and brand new, shiny unscratched paintwork UAZ rushes to the meeting point with an obstacle. A blow with a 40% overlap of the crushed obstacle and visually the picture practically does not change.

The second ARCAP crash test conducted by AutoReview

During the study broken car it turned out that as a result of a stronger blow to the lower part of the car, the side member that took the hit, in our case, the left one, received a stronger displacement. Because of this, the floor of the car was deformed, the left seat left. But worst of all, the fact that the steering wheel has shifted up more, and this has a direct impact on driver safety. The airbag in such a situation may not perform its function, and the soaring steering wheel can cause significant injury to the driver.

Despite this, the test score was 5.3 points, in the first test "Auto Review" awarded Russian SUV only 4.4 points.

In the first crash test, a new steering column with telescopic fork also went up, which, according to experts, can easily break the neck of the driver, and left wheel flew into the cabin, tearing the floor.

Previously conducted UAZ Patriot crash tests of past years and real ones traffic accidents showed that due to an outdated frame design with an insufficient number of impact absorption zones, the body could continue uncontrollably further movement forward. The consequences were often unpredictable.

Recall that the basis of ARCAP (Russian independent rating of passive safety, which is conducted by the automotive newspaper AvtoReview) is.