2015 UAZ 452 "Loaf" 2.0MT / 90 hp - EXCLUSIVE, HAND-ASSEMBLED

UAZ-452 / UAZ-3741(popularly called "Loaf", "Tablet") - a car produced at the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. Serial production of the UAZ-452 began in 1965. The engine is a variant of the GAZ-21 engine.

UAZ-452 is a special cargo-passenger, four-wheel drive, two-axle off-road vehicle with a 4 × 4 wheel arrangement. The car has been produced by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant since 1965. It is the oldest Russian car in terms of the number of years of production. Due to the external resemblance to a loaf of bread, the people began to be called "Loaf", "Pill", military modifications - "Tablet", as they are used by doctors. Cars produced in the period from 1965 to 1979 were distinguished by the presence of old-style lighting equipment (colorless turn signals, round taillights), stamping of the last side false window going back to the rear doors, more rounded rear corners of the body, a special niche for the license plate on the left rear door ... The car is produced both in a body (wagon) and in an onboard version ("tadpole"). The car body can be equipped with side single-leaf doors and a double-leaf rear door (door configuration depends on the specific modification). In March 2011, this car was upgraded for specific models: 39625, 3962 and 2206. ABS, power steering, Euro-4 seat belts were added, and the engine was also Euro-4 compliant.

Modifications

UAZ-452

• UAZ-452- van, main modification
• UAZ-452A- an ambulance, popularly nicknamed "pill". The car could accommodate up to 4 stretchers or six on benches and one accompanying person in both cases. The nurse did not provide for comfort when moving, the suspension remained from the standard model, but was the only ambulance capable of reaching the most remote places.
• UAZ-452AS- ambulance in northern version
• UAZ-452AE- chassis for the installation of various equipment
• UAZ-452V- ten-seater minibus of wagon layout
• UAZ-452D- a truck with a two-seater cab and a wooden body
• UAZ-452G- ambulance, different from UAZ-452A in capacity
• UAZ-452K- experimental 16-seater three-axle bus, (6 × 4) (1973).
• UAZ-452P- truck tractor

UAZ-3741 and its modifications

In 1985, the modernization was carried out, and the UAZ modifications received new indices:

A car based on the UAZ-452. Bank of Russia

In the period after 1989, the production of bank armored cars for collection services began on the chassis of UAZ minibuses. Collector armored cars were produced in relatively small batches, in various versions

• UAZ-3303- four-wheel drive truck. Cab - all-metal, double, with two side single-leaf doors and a removable engine hood cover. Car modifications have a wooden or metal platform.

• UAZ-3741- an integrated all-metal van. UAZ 3741 (37419) is a cargo all-wheel drive van with three side single-leaf doors and a double-leaf tailgate.

Kotlas municipal rescue vehicle

• UAZ-2206- four-wheel drive minibus (from 8 to 11 seats in the cabin). Frame construction, all-metal body.

From April 1, 2011, the vehicle is equipped with a power steering and anti-lock braking system.

• UAZ-3962- sanitary car.

• UAZ-3909 "farmer"- wagon-type model. All-wheel drive utility vehicle with 3 side single-leaf doors and a double-leaf tailgate.

• UAZ-3909i- military ambulance.

The Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant produces many worthy models that have been popular with consumers for many years. Such is the UAZ-452, which is often called the "Loaf". It began to be produced in the last century, but it can still compete with many modern vehicles.

Loaf car design

The UAZ Bukhanka car was created taking into account the fact that with its help it will be possible to transport heavy loads with a total weight of up to 800 kg. Therefore, the chassis from GAZ-69 was chosen as the basis of the vehicle. But in the process of designing and assembling the car, it turned out that it was too short and could not withstand such loads.

Therefore, the developers decided to slightly re-equip the body, as a result of which two modifications of the UAZ-452 were created. One of them was body or carriage, and the second was onboard.

The designers decided to reinforce the car frame with transverse stiffeners. They were placed in the upper part, which led to the appearance of the name "Loaf". This design was approved in the 50s of the last century, after which the serial production of the car began.

The number of seats and their location in the cabin varies, depending on the modification of the vehicle and its purpose. To get inside, there are stationary steps and side doors with a handle. The rear opening has double swing doors and a folding footrest.

Technical parameters of UAZ-452

The main technical characteristics of the UAZ-452 Loaf are presented in the following table:

front axle

Length	4.44 m
Width	2.1 m
Height	2.101 m
Curb vehicle weight	1720 kg
Full mass	2670 kg
Wheelbase	2300 mm
Wheel formula	4x4
engine's type	Petrol
Motor power	82.4 kW
Engine volume	2.683 l
Number of valves in the cylinder	2
Torque	208 Nm
Transmission type	Mechanical, 4-speed
Brake system	Tympanic
Shock absorbers	Double acting, hydraulic type

UAZ vehicle modifications

UAZ Bukhanka after its creation was constantly modified, which led to the creation of new models with some features. The most popular ones are:

• 452A. The famous ambulance, which can accommodate up to 6 people or four stretchers;
• 452AC. Modification of the famous ambulance vehicle 452A;
• 452AE. It is a chassis suitable for the installation of various auxiliary equipment;
• 452B. It is a minibus capable of transporting up to 10 people;
• 452D (3303). All-wheel drive truck equipped with an all-metal cab for two people;
• 452D. Mainly used as a television machine;
• 452G. It played the role of a medical vehicle, was distinguished by its large volume;
• 452K. The bus is designed to carry 16 people. It was not released into mass production due to its complex design;
• 452P. It is a truck tractor.

The well-known Loaf has many advantages, but there are also some disadvantages.

Advantages of the Loaf car

The main advantage of UAZ Loafs is easy repair and affordable spare parts. This advantage compensates for the lack of comfort in the cabin. The car is also characterized by increased cross-country ability, versatility and spaciousness. In the cabin of the Loaf, in addition to the driver, there can be nine more people and one ton of cargo. The car is able to transfer such weight over long distances without losing its qualities and without significant damage to the main working units.

UAZ-452 can be performed with or without separation of the driver's seat by a partition. If desired, its salon can be equipped with a table, a high-power heating device, which will allow you to use the Loaf for outings or for travel.

Optimal technical and operational parameters of the UAZ-452 are another advantage. It is equipped with a powerful and economical engine. Fuel consumption is 17 liters per 100 km with a fuel tank volume of 50 liters. The motor is very reliable, which is appreciated when transporting goods or people over long distances. If it stalls, the main cause of breakdown is most often damaged spark plugs.

The design of the car is quite simple. Therefore, it is often used by specialized services (medical care, the army) to organize their work. Even if the "Loaf" stalls, most breakdowns can be quickly and effortlessly repaired in the most extreme conditions.

Disadvantages of the UAZ car

The main disadvantage of the UAZ-452 is the poor-quality outer metal cladding. It is susceptible to corrosion, therefore, it constantly requires repair and, over time, replacement. After several years of active operation, the casing is covered with through holes, and after ten years it is completely destroyed. Replacing it is easy, since the Loaf has a frame structure.

After the launch of the UAZ-452, engineers did nothing to improve driving safety. The car does not have airbags, which in the event of an accident leads to serious injury to the driver and crew. But usually, such disadvantages seem like trifles in comparison with the numerous advantages of the vehicle, which have been tested over decades of operation.

Removing the victims from the zone of radioactive contamination - now it seems nothing more than a terrible fiction, but in the 50s of the last century, when the Cold War was in full swing, the famous "Loaf" UAZ-452 was given just such a task. It was later that the UAZ-452 became an indispensable assistant in almost all sectors of the national economy, and the truth about the true purpose of the car was preserved only in historical chronicles.

The "Loaf" owes its appearance to the Ministry of Defense. The military, who had no doubt that a nuclear war between the Soviet Union and America would begin in the near future, set clear tasks for the factory workers. The car had to be adapted to carry five stretchers and have excellent cross-country ability.

It was only by the second half of the 50s that it became clear that a terrible war could most likely be avoided, but the development of the car by this time was already in full swing. As it turned out, the Americans also worked on a car of a similar design. And they even managed to release it two years earlier, which subsequently gave food for criticism of the domestic car. It turned out that the overseas Ford FC and our "Loaf" had a strikingly similar design. But, reasoning sensibly, there is no need to talk about plagiarism in this case.

Both cars were developed in parallel, and the somewhat belated appearance of the "Loaf" is explained, rather, by the specifics of the country of the Soviets, and not by an attempt to spy on something from the Americans.

The first prototypes, called the UAZ-450, were based on the platform from the GAZ-69. This made it possible to load up to 800 kilograms of cargo into a car with a wagon layout and, if necessary, develop a speed of 90 km / h on rough terrain. After a series of tests in 1958, the car was put on the assembly line. For almost seven years, the "Loaf" was produced with a 52-horsepower 2.1-liter engine and a 3-speed gearbox. Only in 1965 the car was modernized.

The curved welded frame was replaced by an original straight design, and the suspension underwent a major revision. "Loaf" received more modern telescopic shock absorbers. It was also decided to abandon the weak engine. The updated car received a 2.5-liter power unit from the GAZ-21, which developed 70 horsepower. There is one more gear shift in the gearbox.

Along with technical changes, a small "facelift" was carried out. The car received the design of the front part familiar to most of us. And at the same time the new name is UAZ-452. Depending on the purpose of the car, this or that letter was added to it. So, for example, ambulance "Loafs" were indexed 452A, a minibus with ten seats - 452B, a truck - 452D.

The variety of modifications of the Ulyanovsk minibus is generally a topic for a separate conversation. The car, designed specifically for the army, turned out to be so successful that during its conveyor life it was repeatedly altered to meet the needs of a particular buyer, not only within the factory walls, but also by the buyers themselves. Numerous auto repair factories have easily cut windows and fitted seats, transforming cargo vans into passenger vans.

UAZ specialists did not sit idly by either. Thanks to them, a tracked all-terrain vehicle, an ambulance with a hydropneumatic suspension, and a 16-seater bus were born on the basis of "Bukhanka". But, unfortunately, there was no talk of mass production of the equipment so demanded in the USSR. Moreover, even the usual versions of the UAZ-452 were not modernized in the 70s. Only during perestroika, the Ulyanovsk all-terrain vehicle received a 90-horsepower engine, modernized bridges and a vacuum brake booster. The name of the car has also been changed to a new one. From now on, a minibus based on the "Loaf" was called UAZ-3962, a van - UAZ-3741, a flatbed truck - UAZ-3303.

Technical characteristics of UAZ-452

The car survived the collapse of the Soviet Union quite confidently. Despite the fact that the opened borders allowed numerous commercial vehicles to pour into the country, the demand for the “Loaf” remained stable. Such an affordable car with such off-road capabilities was simply not produced in Europe. The plant workers, in turn, tried with little blood to modernize the "Loaf".

In 1997, the car was equipped with a 2.9-liter UMP engine with a capacity of 98 horsepower, and 11 years later, the same engine received a modern electronic fuel injection system. This made it possible to fit into the Euro-3 environmental standards. By 2011, UMZ-4213 began to comply with Euro-4 standards, and the car itself finally received an ABS system, power steering and seat belts.

Safety and crash test UAZ-452

Although the "Loaf" has hardly become safer from this. A car designed in the 50s of the last century, by definition, cannot provide the driver and passengers with the level of protection that modern standards require. What can I say, if the "Loaf" simply does not have crumpled zones in front, capable of absorbing the energy of an impact in a frontal collision. Any more or less serious accident for the driver and passenger of a domestic all-terrain vehicle is truly dangerous. And we are not talking about a comfortable trip even now. Stuffiness, shaking, high fuel consumption - these are the realities that everyone who dares to set off on a journey in a domestic car will face.

So why is the "Loaf" still in service? There is simply no adequate replacement for this car. Only the Ulyanovsk all-terrain vehicle is able to easily move on a 30-centimeter snowy soil or ride along the track rolled out by the Urals. At the same time, which is extremely important, the "Loaf" is capable of taking on board 5-6 people and several hundred kilograms of cargo.

Add to this the excellent maintainability and design that has been studied over several decades. In most post-Soviet countries, where there are still more directions than roads, many cannot do without an old "Loaf". At least until the "New Loaf" appears on the conveyor. Drawings of a promising all-terrain vehicle-minibus have been flashed on the network for a long time, but so far this is nothing more than a dream.

P.S. So why was the UAZ-452 nicknamed the "Loaf"? They say that for the first time a car was named so during factory tests. Then, when it began to be mass-produced, the memorable name was replicated. However, on the "Loaf" the light did not converge like a wedge. The UAZ-462D truck was popularly called a "tadpole", and the sanitary version of the UAZ-452A was jokingly called a "pill". Is this not evidence of people's love?

UAZ 452 (Loaf, Tablet) is a special cargo-passenger, four-wheel drive, two-axle off-road vehicle with a 4x4 wheel arrangement. The car has been produced by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant since 1957. The car is produced both in a body (wagon) and in an onboard version (tadpole). The body of the machine can be equipped with side single-leaf doors and a double-leaf door at the rear (door configuration depends on the specific modification).

The main plus of the car is its versatility and cross-country ability. A driver can coexist in a loaf at the same time, from one to 10 passengers and from 450 kg to 1 ton of cargo. The internal space can be made both in the version with an insulated compartment (the passenger compartment is separated by a partition with a window), and in the carriage version. A table installed in the cabin, a heater of high heat output, numerous options for transforming the cabin (including the possibility of cutting a hatch), make the UAZ loaf not only a reliable assistant in work, but also an indispensable companion when going hunting, fishing and just outside: in a word, for those places and conditions where there is nothing to do without all-wheel drive, good geometric cross-country ability and a roomy interior.

UAZ-452 History.

In 1955, the designers of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant were given the task to design a car with a carrying capacity of 800 kg on the GAZ-69 chassis. Since the GAZ-69 had a short base, it was possible to place 800 kg of cargo only with a wagon body layout. The prototype was developed in two versions: a truck with a wooden body and an all-metal van. On the roof of the car, transverse stiffening ribs were made, because of this, it looked like a sliced ​​loaf of bread from above. This is where the name “loaf” came from among the people. In 1958, the car went into mass production.

The first cars had an index and were equipped with GAZ-69 engines, a 3-speed gearbox and a 2-speed transfer case. It was the first domestic car with a cab over the engine. The UAZ-450 series was all-wheel drive. In 1961, a rear-wheel drive modification of the UAZ-451 appeared. It differed from the all-wheel drive version only by the presence of a side door on the vans.

The car underwent major upgrades in 1965. First of all, the car received a new GAZ-21 engine and a 4-speed gearbox. The design of the front end has changed. The new model received the UAZ-452D index (flatbed truck), the van was simply named UAZ-452, and the ambulance van was named UAZ-452A. In addition, a 10-seater minibus UAZ-452V was designed. At the same time, the rear-wheel drive version was also modernized, but there were no changes in the index, except for the addition of the letter "M". The carrying capacity of these machines was increased to 1000 kg.

In 1966, the UAZ-452D car was awarded a gold medal at the Moscow International Exhibition of Agricultural Machinery. And on August 20, 1966, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. In 1974, on February 18, the millionth UAZ rolled off the assembly line. It was a UAZ-452 van. Later, on February 16, 1976, the plant received the second Order of the Red Banner, and in November 1977 the UAZ-452 car received the Quality Mark.
Until the mid-80s, UAZ vehicles were produced unchanged. Another modernization was made in 1985, along with it, the car indices were changed. This is the story of the 452nd model.

Technical characteristics of UAZ-452

Weight of cargo transported on the platform, no more than 700 kg
Weight of cargo transported in the cargo hold: from 400 kg to 1 ton
Number of seating positions: from 2 to 10 Permissible gross weight from 2500 kg to 3000 kg
Gross weight of the towed trailer: with brakes 1500 kg, without brakes 750 kg Maximum speed: from 100 to 130 km / h
Fuel consumption (when driving at a constant speed): from 13 to 18 l / 100 km Maximum climb, overcome by a car with a full weight: about 30 degrees (58%)
Fording depth: 0.5 m
Engine Model: UMZ-4213
Type: 4-stroke, fuel injection
Number of cylinders: four
Arrangement of cylinders: in-line, vertical
Displacement: 2.89 liters
Compression ratio: 8.2
Maximum torque: 201.0 Nm in the frequency range from 3000-3500 min

UAZ 452 modifications

UAZ-452 - van, main modification
UAZ-452A - an ambulance, popularly nicknamed "pill". The car could accommodate up to 4 stretchers or six on benches and one accompanying person in both cases. The nurse did not provide for comfort when moving, the suspension remained from the standard model, but was the only ambulance capable of reaching the most remote places.
UAZ-452AS - northern ambulance

UAZ-452AE - chassis for the installation of various equipment
UAZ-452V - ten-seater minibus of wagon layout
UAZ-452D - a truck with a double cab and a wooden body
UAZ-452G - ambulance, different from UAZ-452A in capacity
UAZ-452K - experimental 16-seater three-axle bus, (6x4) (1973).
UAZ-452P - truck tractor

The versatility and all-pervasiveness of the UAZ 452

Seemingly incompatible features are reflected in a whole line of UAZ modifications: from a farmer to an ambulance or a nurse. The car is equipped with a gasoline engine, manual transmission and front-wheel drive.

Take a look at the video of the UAZ 452:

Pros and cons of UAZ 452

The general pros and cons of UAZs, as well as the details of choosing a new or experienced UAZ, are perfectly described on the UAZbook, and in short, you need a garage, and the ability + desire to turn the nuts yourself: otherwise the car will be quite costly to maintain.

I would like to draw attention to the difference between the Loaf and other UAZs: the engine in the cabin (fresh paint was corny heating up and sticking to the jacket of drivers who drove the loaves from Ulyanovsk) + complete lack of protection for the legs and the driver himself in a head-on collision. These facts must be taken into account when choosing a Loaf.

Reliability of UAZ 452

In general, you need to understand that the UAZ 452 is the brainchild of the domestic auto industry. If you immediately accept this fact and do not try to treat UAZ as a foreign car that does not break and does not flow, then communication with UAZ immediately becomes easier and more honest: UAZ is a fairly simple, utilitarian car, which was created not for comfort and not for records in maintenance-free operation: the task of the UAZ is to escort a tank column on the march. Everything else is just an attempt to dress up an army vehicle in civilian form. Look even at the photo of the UAZ 452:

The maintainability of UAZ vehicles often pays for its low reliability and comfort.

There is also an opinion that Loafs, in comparison with other UAZ models (for example, currently produced by Hunters and Patriots), are much more technically reliable, since they are made for doctors and the Ministry of Emergency Situations, where the requirements for reliability are much higher than in a civilian ... We cannot judge how true this is.