One of the main factors affecting engine life internal combustion, is quality motor oil and the timing of its replacement. To understand which oil is best to pour into a walk-behind tractor engine, you need to have a good understanding of the specifics of its structure and operation.
Specific Requirements
Most modern walk-behind tractors (the rating of walk-behind tractors can be studied in this article) are equipped with four-stroke gasoline engines, which do not have an oil pump in their design.
The lower head of the connecting rod, which is a sliding bearing, is lubricated by scooping up oil with a special protrusion on the lower cover of the connecting rod; the crankshaft main bearings, gas distribution mechanism and cylinder-piston group are lubricated by the resulting splashes.
Also these engines have unstable temperature regime due to air cooling.
For more information about the 4-stroke engine, watch the video:
Thus, engine oil for 4-stroke walk-behind tractor engines must meet the following requirements:
- Low kinematic viscosity over a wide temperature range is necessary to avoid oil starvation when the engine warms up to operating temperature.
- The use of viscous oils in engines that do not have pressure lubrication can lead to scuffing on the surface of the connecting rod journal, followed by envelopment of the metal in this place and jamming of the engine.
- The stable composition of the antifriction and extreme pressure additive package will allow the oil to retain its properties for a long time during regular heating-cooling cycles during the operation of the walk-behind tractor.
- High strength of the oil film is necessary to protect the cylinder-piston group from scuffing when the engine overheats during hard work in hot weather.
- The cleaning properties provided by the appropriate additive package should counteract the formation of sediment and varnish formations in the engine pan and on oil-wet surfaces.
- Low coking is relevant for engines with air cooled, since oil entering the area piston rings, heats up in this place to a temperature of 270-300 degrees.
- The formation of carbon deposits will lead to loss of mobility of the piston rings and a decrease in compression with simultaneous excessive oil consumption.
Based on these requirements it is possible to describe technical requirements, which oil for 4-stroke walk-behind tractor engines must comply with, as follows:
- High-temperature viscosity class according to SAE is no more than 30 in moderate climates, 40 in hot climates. Low-temperature viscosity index – no more than 10W. These requirements are met by common oils of types 10W30, 5W30, 0W30, 5W40, 10W40 (the last two - at temperatures of 30 degrees or more).
- Purely summer options– SAE 30, SAE 40. You should carefully read the characteristics of the oils: a number of specialized oils for garden equipment with a viscosity of 5W30 are intended exclusively for winter use.
- Oil base: synthetic or semi-synthetic, since mineral oils are practically not found in the indicated viscosity ranges. In addition, they have significantly worse stability compared to synthetics and semi-synthetics.
- A number of lubricant manufacturers have special lines of oils for garden equipment. mineral based, in this case the cheapness has reverse side in the form of the need for frequent replacement.
- API quality class (a complex parameter that determines anti-friction, extreme pressure and cleaning properties engine oil, as well as many other parameters) not lower than SG.
You need to understand that all the requirements for motor oils for walk-behind tractors Cayman, Texas, Foreman, Viking, Sadko, Don, Profi, Carver are met by common automobile oils; the only difference may be its consumption and the amount of carbon deposits formed when long-term operation in an air-cooled engine.
For this reason, although this material considers specialized lubricants, if it is not possible to purchase them, you can always use automotive motor oils that meet the described requirements.
Classification of oils
Husqvarna SAE 30, Husqvarna Universal SAE 30
Mineral motor oil produced by a Swedish company both for factory filling of its products and for subsequent maintenance. The use of a specially selected package in the oil is indicated antifriction additives.
Mini tractors are very popular and widely used in housing and communal services, on construction sites, in rural work and in production. Scout mini tractors are very durable, economical and durable equipment.
To effectively clear an area of snowdrifts, there are many models of tireless snowplows. It's all about the manual electric snow blower.
KamAZ 65115 belongs to one of the oldest series of this plant, production of which began back in 1998. By clicking on the link, you will get acquainted with the specifics of work, advantages and disadvantages of KamAZ 65115.
Not suitable for operating motorized equipment at low temperatures. The price of a 0.6 liter package is from 390 to 410 rubles.
PATRIOT Supreme HD SAE 30
This oil, also produced by one of the famous American manufacturers garden equipment, intended for summer use in gasoline and diesel walk-behind tractors, mowers, and mini tractors. For ease of use, the packaging has a long watering can spout. The oil base is mineral. The price of a 0.95 liter package is within 340 rubles.
PATRIOT SPECIFIC HIGH-TECH 5W-30
Semi-synthetic motor oil for year-round operation of garden equipment with four-stroke engines: walk-behind tractors, mini tractors, snow removal equipment
Low-temperature viscosity class 5W guarantees the oil freezing point of at least -38˚ C.
The price of a 0.95 liter package is about 410 rubles. This oil used for the Patriot Ural, Patriot walk-behind tractor.
PATRIOT EXPERT HIGH – TECH SAE 10W40
Synthetic oil for operating garden equipment in hot climates and increased loads, for example, when plowing large areas of land with a plow. The price of a 0.95 liter package is 420 rubles.
Home Garden 4 Stroke Oil HD SAE 30
Affordable summer motor oil on a mineral basis. The price of a liter jar is 240-250 rubles.
ELITECH 4T Premium SAE 10W30
Semi-synthetic motor oil for year-round operation of motor vehicles. Includes antifriction additives based on molybdenum disulfide, which, on the one hand, provides good protection engine from wear, on the other hand, it requires careful attention to the timing of oil changes.
The price of a liter package is 420 rubles, a 0.6 liter package is 340 rubles.
ELITECH 4TD Standard SAE30
Summer mineral oil, which also includes a package of molybdenum-containing additives. A liter package of this oil costs about 300 rubles.
ELITECH 4TDUltraSAE 5W30
4-stroke oil for walk-behind tractor engines used year-round for the most difficult jobs. Has a synthetic base. The price of a 0.6 liter package is 480 rubles.
Anchor SAE 5W30
Affordable synthetic motor oil from domestic manufacturer, which can be used in walk-behind tractors and other equipment with gasoline engines summer and winter. The price of a liter package is 380 rubles.
Anchor SAE30
Cheap summer oil from the group of mineral lubricants. The price of 180 rubles per liter allows you to compensate for its average quality with more frequent replacements.
Anchor SAE 10W40
Unlike most motor oils for garden equipment, this oil is APISJ/CF certified, which allows you to compare its composition and quality with conventional budget automobile oils. Double certification means it can be used not only in gasoline (SJ) but also in diesel (CF) engines.
The relatively high high-temperature viscosity makes the use of this oil undesirable at moderate and low temperatures. The main advantage of this oil is low price: only 200 rubles per liter.
REZOIL PREMIUM SAE 5W30
Domestic semi-synthetic oil for gasoline and diesel garden equipment (meets APISJ/CF specification). Due to its low viscosity wide range temperatures can work perfectly in engines with lubricator lubrication both in summer and winter. A container with a volume of 0.95 liters costs around 210 rubles.
REZOILRancherUniliteSAE 30
Exclusively summer oil for gasoline and diesel walk-behind tractors and mini tractors. The type of base is not indicated on the packaging, but the price of 140 rubles for 0.95 liters suggests that this oil is mineral.
REZOIL TITANIUM SAE 10W-40
This semi-synthetic oil can also be used in gasoline and diesel engines, but the viscosity index directly indicates the undesirability of its use in temperate climates. A 0.95 liter package costs 200 rubles.
MaxCut 4THDSAE 30
Summer mineral oil from a little-known manufacturer in Russia, which promises a higher content of anti-friction additives and the possibility of using the oil in highly loaded gasoline and diesel engines. The price of a liter jar is 240 rubles.
MANNOL Energy SAE 5W30
A well-known manufacturer of auto chemicals from Germany also has a line of motor oils for garden equipment. This semi-synthetic oil can be used in any garden equipment with four-stroke engines all year round. A liter package will cost an average of 420 rubles.
MANNOLMolibdenBenzinSAE 10W40 for air-cooled four-stroke engines
Semi-synthetic oil, the composition of which is improved by using a package of antifriction additives based on molybdenum disulfide. In walk-behind tractors it should be used during heavy work in hot weather. A liter of this oil costs 330 rubles.
Four-stroke oil Champion 4-Cycle SAE 30
This US company also does not need any special introduction. This mineral oil is designed for summer use in walk-behind tractors, trimmers and lawn mowers. Packaged in 0.6 liter (250 rubles) and 1 liter (360 rubles) packaging.
Champion Snowthrower 5W30 for an engine from a walk-behind tractor or cultivator
Mineral based motor oil designed exclusively for winter operation. It is noteworthy that at the time of release it was certified according to the strictest quality standard at that time, APISL. A liter package costs about 380 rubles. This oil is recommended for walk-behind tractors.
Summer mineral oil from a famous Russian-Chinese brand. The quality of the product is described by certification according to the outdated APISG/CD standard, which to some extent is compensated by the low price (180 rubles per liter).
It would be a good option for light work, especially if the engine of a walk-behind tractor or cultivator is noticeably worn out. Use in harsh conditions This oil is not worth the work.
Caliber Semi-synthetic SAE 5W30
Winter oil from the same manufacturer on a semi-synthetic basis. A more advanced base allowed the quality to reach an acceptable APISJ/CF standard. However, the manufacturer indicated sufficient low temperature flashes - 228 ˚С, which means its high volatility and, accordingly, significant waste consumption.
The price is comparable to other oils of this quality group - 240 rubles per liter.
How much to fill
Most of the walk-behind tractors presented on Russian market, are equipped with engines of the HondaGX family, their Chinese clones or similar in design Subaru-Robin engines.
For one-time full refueling such an engine will require no more than 0.6 liters of oil - that is why this packaging volume is popular among manufacturers. More powerful modifications These engines can hold a liter or more of oil.
A number of engines, the design of which includes an additional reduction gearbox, have a separate space for its lubrication.
Table of filling volumes for original Honda engines (Honda) and similar Chinese ones
Subaru engines
If your walk-behind tractor is equipped with a Briggs&Stratton engine
Replacement
The engine oil of a walk-behind tractor is changed at the intervals specified in its instruction manual, usually 60-80 engine hours. The specified interval should be shortened under difficult operating conditions or when using cheap mineral oils.
Before changing the oil on the walk-behind tractor, position it so that the engine is horizontal and warm up the engine so that the oil drains better. Then remove the oil filler plug and drain plug, placing a container of suitable volume under it.
Be careful not to burn yourself with hot oil.
After waiting until the used oil stops dripping, screw the drain plug back into place and pour it into the crankcase through a clean funnel. fresh oil, guided by the nameplate volume and marks on the dipstick of the oil filler neck.
Since the engine is lubricated only by splashing oil from the crankshaft, try to always maintain the oil level at the “maximum” mark. Low filler holes without a dipstick must be filled with oil until it appears on the threads.
If the walk-behind tractor engine is equipped with a reduction gearbox, perform the same operations with it. Most often the gearbox does not have oil dipstick, and in order to measure required quantity oil, use a small container of known volume.
Today you can’t surprise anyone with a walk-behind tractor. He became a faithful assistant in performing work on the site and cleaning the territory. Owners of such units know what they need ongoing care: replacement of some Supplies, checking and tightening nuts, refueling. But you still need to change the oil for the walk-behind tractor.
Classification of oil grades
To increase the service life of a gasoline or diesel engine, you need to do right choice motor oil.
Failure to replace it in a timely manner reduces the service life of the engine. How to choose it, in what quantity, how to pour it into the walk-behind tractor - we’ll talk about this in more detail.
- Each mini-tractor or walk-behind tractor includes instructions and a product data sheet. In the instructions, the manufacturer lists suitable types of fuel and lubricants that can extend the life of the equipment. Engine oil performs the following functions:
- cooling;
- lubricants;
- seals;
. They differ in viscosity, composition and purpose.
By viscosity Viscosity is determined by SAE standard
- J300. For mechanisms it depends on the following characteristics:
- features of work;
- age of the mechanism;
- ambient air temperature.
Motor oils are divided into winter and summer. Winter ones are marked with the letter W. Low-viscosity winter varieties with SAE designations 0W, 25W, as well as with intermediate values 20W, 5W, 15W and 10W. Compositions for use in summer do not have letters in their names. They differ high viscosity and are designated SAE 20, 60, SAE 30 or 40. When using summer brands in winter, problems arise with starting the unit. Winter varieties in summer time are not capable of providing high-quality lubrication.
Scientists have developed all-season compositions that are used for pouring into walk-behind tractors in summer and winter. Their designations are 5W-40, 10W30.
By composition
In addition to seasonal characteristics, lubricants are divided into types based on composition:
- mineral;
- synthetic;
- semi-synthetic.
An air-cooled engine heats up quickly during operation. Motor oil reduces its temperature. The wrong category causes a breakdown in the motor. It is not recommended to use synthetic oil in mixture with mineral oil.
By purpose
If there is a need to replace lubricating fluids, each manufacturing company recommends filling in its own brand. For agricultural machines, Honda uses all-season grades 10W-30 of the SF category. Subaru in its recommendations indicates 10W-30 for operation in moderate climates, and 5W-30 in cold regions. Oil quality category - SE.
For products Lifan company required summer stamp SAE-30, for winter conditions— SAE 10W-30. There are no conditions for quality category. To the company's walk-behind tractors Kaluga engine fill in an all-season compound 10W-30 or 15W-30 of SF or SH quality.
What kind of oil to pour into a walk-behind tractor engine
Manufacturers of walk-behind tractors and mini-tractors prescribe the use of motor oils for both gasoline and diesel products. The motors are being tested at the factory. At this time, lubricants are used that are recommended in the instructions.
For gasoline engines
Category SB has good anti-corrosion properties. The product efficiently lubricates cylinder walls and bearings. SF reduces the amount of oil deposits in 4-stroke and two-stroke engines.
For diesel engines
With the recommended motor oil, owners increase the service life of the unit and reduce consumption diesel fuel For diesel walk-behind tractor. In the instructions for the walk-behind tractor with diesel engine The following categories of lubricants are indicated:
- SV - for working with high-sulfur fuel;
- CC - for a non-turbocharged engine operating under increased loads.
What kind of oil to pour into the walk-behind tractor gearbox
Each walk-behind tractor contains a gearbox. It is also used for this transmission oil, which is regularly replaced. Today there are mechanisms in which there is no need to change the oil. To replace you need to use transmission trains. This will extend the life of the unit. The gearbox of the Neva MB-2 walk-behind tractor requires transmission substance TEP-15. It operates in summer at air temperatures from -5˚С. For winter, fill in TM-5. It can withstand down to -25˚С. Volume - 2.2 l.
For the Neva MB-1 unit you need to prepare TAD-17I or TAP-15 V. The volume of lubricant is 1 liter. Salyut 5 and Belarus 08N-09N uses M-10V2 and M-10G2 in warm weather. IN winter time— M-8G2. The Oka MB-1D1 is filled with the TAD-17I or TAP-15 V transmission. The gearbox of the Tselina MB walk-behind tractor is filled at the factory. No lubricant change required. Tarpan is refueled with TAD-17I or its analogues. The favorite is MS-20 or TAD-17I aviation oil.
Vario requires replacing 80W90 every two years. Best oil for the Patriot Garden unit - 85W90. The recommended composition for the Zubr gearbox is TAP-15.
A few words about the timing of replacement. In the Favorit gearbox, the first replacement is made after 25 hours of operation. Thereafter it is changed every 250 hours. Replacement works better on a hot engine. The hot waste is drained through the oil drain, and fresh is poured in through the fill hole.
In the Tselina device, the contents of the gearbox are first changed after 50 hours of operation, then every 200 hours. Ugra and Oka are replenished daily with a small amount. Complete replacement done after 100 hours of operation.
What kind of oil to fill in Neva walk-behind tractors
The quality of the lubricating fluid in the walk-behind tractor gradually decreases and becomes unusable. Along with this process, engine wear occurs. To prevent wear and tear, you need to change it in a timely manner. lubricating mixtures. The instructions indicate the recommended brand and quantity. When purchasing, you must take into account the level of its viscosity and quality classification. For the Neva walk-behind tractor, you need to purchase oil for the gearbox and engine.
The Neva walk-behind tractor is equipped different motors. They require lubricants different brands and manufacturers. They should be poured into the engine taking into account the viscosity and category.
If for land plot I purchased a device with a Honda engine; it can be filled with SAE 10W-30 in summer and winter. For Lifan engine this will do universal remedy. Subaru produces lubricant for its equipment itself. With a Subaru engine you need to buy lubricant from the same company. Her brand is Ow20. It is suitable for winter and summer conditions operation of the motor. It is permissible to fill in 5w-30 from the same manufacturer instead.
The Briggs & Stratton engine is filled with SAE 10W-30 summer engine oil. For winter conditions, SAE 5W-30 is suitable. Its consumption is higher than that of other engines, so the level needs to be checked more often. If necessary, lubricant is added to the specified level.
The gearbox is an important part of the walk-behind tractor. For proper operation it is necessary to fill the gearbox of the Neva walk-behind tractor with oil good quality, replace it periodically. These oils include TEP-15 and TM-5. Its volume is 2.2 liters. The hot used liquid is drained through a special hole and fresh is poured in. These types are suitable for MB-1 devices. When replacing the unit is installed in vertical position, a container is placed under it to drain the waste.
On a newly purchased unit, the first replacement is made after 30 hours of operation, then every 180-200 hours.
If the walk-behind tractor is rarely used for work, replacement is done at least once every two years. The Neva MB-2 unit needs to be filled with TAP-15V oil; instead, you can use the TAD-17I brand.
You need to know when to change the oil. In a newly purchased unit, you need to check its level. Some walk-behind tractors are sold without lubricants. If necessary, you can add oil and run the device for 20-25 hours. Then replacement is made after 100-250 hours. The deadlines are indicated in the instructions.
How to change the oil in a walk-behind tractor
Change the oil in the cylinders of a walk-behind tractor on a hot engine. This applies to both two-stroke and four-stroke engines. The heated waste mixture flows well into the substituted container. The following actions:
- unscrew the breather plug;
- drain the used oil;
- pour fresh;
- screw in the breather plug;
- The operation of the unit is checked.
Lubrication in the cylinders of walk-behind tractors different designs replaced in the following order:
- the gasoline walk-behind tractor is installed horizontally;
- use a screwdriver to remove the plug on the tank;
- drain the waste;
- the cork is screwed in;
- pour fresh oil into the box;
- The filling hole is closed.
You can drain the oil and add fresh oil in 15-20 minutes. If you replace used oil with low-quality products, problems will arise that lead to equipment repairs. This applies to engine lubrication and gearbox oil. Lubricants are getting old and require timely quality replacement. How many hours later can I fill it? car oil, written in the manufacturer's instructions. You need to read it so that the purchased expensive unit provides assistance for a longer period.
Spent lubricating fluid is disposed of at special points.
Choosing oil for four-stroke engines air-cooled is a separate topic that interests not only car enthusiasts, but also all owners of light equipment. She is treated like motor boats and motorcycles, as well as many options for modern garden equipment.
First, let's talk about the differences between water-cooled and air-cooled engines. Load temperature at piston group The engine in four-stroke air-cooled engines is much higher than their water-cooled counterparts, so the requirements for the quality of oil for “air” increase significantly.
First of all, oils that have the ability to form immediately upon startup are considered. protective film, even provided that the engine has already been properly run-in and put into operation in accordance with all technical standards. For the uninformed, we dare to remind you that oil for two-stroke engines should not be used in four-stroke engines. In the first case, it is mixed with gasoline before work, in the second, on the contrary, initial mixing with fuel is not permissible, since the equipment has a separate system for lubrication and protection of elements that are especially susceptible to friction.
Gradation of oils for four-stroke engines
Choosing oil for 4-stroke air-cooled engines is like making a choice. motor lubricant for auto. The GOST classification has long been adapted to global SAE indicators, so all manufacturers of such lubricants write exactly this characteristic of climatic and temperature use on the packaging.
Despite the fact that in winter period Four-stroke units are used less; oils for them are produced in a fairly wide range. The following are standardized parameters for choosing oil for four-stroke air-cooled engines, on the basis of which you can easily choose your own, guided by the recommendations of the equipment manufacturer, noted in the service book.
- Engine oil for 4TD series– special development for four-stroke air-cooled engines with diesel or gasoline fuel.
The base is based on highly purified polyalphaolefin oils of mineral or fully synthetic nature. Additive packages are applied to a high-quality base complex, which provide increased engine protection against deposits. piston system and the engine crankcase, resist coking of the rings and tend to reduce the energy consumption of the units. A special feature of this group of oils is their high resistance to thermal oxidation, coupled with increased protection against wear, thanks to extreme pressure additives.
Mineral oil 4TD
- Engine oil for 4TD series STANDARD SAE 30– completely natural mineral lubricant for four-stroke air-cooled engines.
Indicated for use by equipment under high operating and temperature loads in summer season. Has prolonged protective properties in the temperature range from -10 to +40 degrees Celsius.
Semi-synthetic oil 4TD
- Engine oil for 4TD series PREMIUM SAE 10W-30– high-quality semi-synthetic oil for four-stroke air-cooled engines with all-season use.
The maximum climatic operating temperatures range from -25 to +40 degrees, which allows you to expand the scope of application. The main difference from mineral oils is the instant formation of a protective oil film between all rubbing engine parts immediately upon startup. The good structure of the base allows it to resist high-temperature deposits and oxidation.
Synthetic oil 4TD
- Engine oil for 4TD series ULTRA SAE 5W-30– fully synthetic lubricant for four-stroke air-cooled engines, made on the basis special oils with frost-resistant formula.
Refers to all-season oils with operating temperatures from -38 to +50 degrees. Distinctive feature synthetic lubricants of this class - easy starting and fast warm-up engine with increased protection (completely eliminates overheating in any weather) in active on/off mode.
All classes of oils for four-stroke air-cooled engines have common feature when used, it is effective protection against jamming of power unit mechanisms due to the stable structure of the original formula.
In addition, they have excellent extreme pressure properties even when working in an aggressive environment and constant overloads. Reduced wear and protection against deposits of various types, allows the use light equipment for a long time, at the same time, oils significantly reduce the energy consumption of the power unit, which is beneficial for the owner.
What oil to fill in 4 stroke engine? Automotive oil poured into this device, has many significant differences from the petroleum product used in two-stroke engines. Oils for two-stroke engines lubricate spare parts after dissolving in fuel.
When the internal combustion engine is operating, the lubricating fluid burns with the fuel. This is the key difference two stroke engine with four stroke.
Four-stroke engines
Oil for four-stroke engines does not enter the combustion chamber. It should lubricate the parts for as long as possible. This is due to the high content of various additive elements in such a lubricant. Difference with motor oil for two-stroke internal combustion engine is approximately thirty percent.
Engine operation in 4 strokes The ash content of motor oil for four-stroke engines can be as high as two percent. That's quite a lot. Also, such petroleum products smoke heavily. They are poured into various equipment: boats, motor cultivators.
To understand how 4-stroke engine oil works, you need to understand how consumables are absorbed and processed. A four-stroke engine has a crankcase that maintains the optimal amount of lubricant. From the crankcase, the oil product enters the oil complex via an oil pump and onto the cylinder walls. Because of this, the piston, when rubbing against the cylinder, slides along the lubricating film.
Scheme of operation of the lubrication system in an internal combustion engine To prevent oil flows from ending up in the fuel combustion chamber, the lubricant is diverted back into the crankcase, equipped with special rings. Sometimes, if the power of the power unit is no more than 5 hp, there is no oil pump. In similar ICE oil engine oil is distributed in the form of oil mist formed when the crankshaft rotates.
The loads in such small engines are small, so the oil we pour is regularly supplied in the required volume. This has a positive effect on the life of the engine. Fresh grease must be added annually. You need to constantly monitor the amount of motor oil. Motors produced today are equipped with special sensors. To check the volume oily liquid, no need to disassemble the internal combustion engine.
Characteristics of motor oils
The lubrication complex of a four-stroke engine has special properties due to the design and operation of the unit. Four-stroke engine lubricant does not penetrate the combustion chamber. This is what distinguishes the unit from a two-stroke power unit. Consequently, the oil in a four-stroke internal combustion engine provides longer-lasting lubrication of engine parts.
Previously, in order to create the motor oil that we pour into internal combustion engines, oil was distilled. Currently, with an increase in speed and certain indicators, it is necessary to use special additives that improve the characteristics of the oil fluid. Now there are such additives:
- cleansing;
- anti-seize;
- reducing oxidation;
- preventing foaming.
In modern synthetic oils, which are poured into the necks of air-cooled four-stroke engines, the volume of filler elements can be thirty percent. Differences in the composition of the lubricant impose restrictions on use. It is not recommended to pour motor oil for a four-stroke internal combustion engine into a two-stroke engine. If you do this, the ash that appears during combustion will settle on the walls of the combustion chamber and the pistons. The remains of burnt petroleum products form an abrasive powder that settles on the cylinder walls. The abrasive simply saws the parts. Because of this they operational period decreases significantly.
Lubricants for four-stroke engines are divided into the following categories:
- mineral oil;
- semi-synthetic;
- synthetic oil.
Petroleum products that are poured into internal combustion engines can be produced either in Russian Federation, and abroad. Russian consumables today are slightly different for the worse from foreign ones, because the latter use higher quality additives. The buyer, when choosing an oil product to pour into the engine, must take into account, first of all, the quality and viscosity index of the lubricant.
Lubricant selection
Currently, the viscosity of lubricants in the Russian Federation is determined according to GOST 17479.1-85. Motor oils are divided into three categories:
- Summer. Such petroleum products can rarely be found on the shelves of Russian stores. This is due to the rather severe climatic conditions. They are marked as “SAE 30”.
- Winter. Used less frequently than summer lubricants. This is due to the fact that the walk-behind tractor engine is not intended for operation in cold conditions. An example of marking is SAE 5w oil.
- Universal. Today these oils are the most common. They are made by adding additives to the base fluid. Additives thin out car oil. This greatly simplifies engine starting in low and high temperature conditions. Additive elements are ideal for air-cooled engines. In addition, additives are good because they provide reliable protection contacting engine parts. The number that is located in the marking SAE oils before the letter "w", denotes low temperature viscosity. The number after the "w" indicates the high temperature viscosity. For example, the marking may be “10w30”.
Four-stroke engine oil Which oil is better? There is no point in pouring a lubricant whose characteristics are much better than required. If the manual indicates one viscosity, and you fill in an oil product with more high rate, then it won’t harm the engine, but it won’t do any good either.
Using motor oil
Motor oil for four-stroke engines is used in various techniques. It can be used effectively in engines produced a long time ago. There is no need to purchase a modern unit that meets the requirements for using consumables.
Synthetics poured into four-stroke engines, unlike mineral water, have increased fluidity. Currently, additives added to consumables can be purchased at every construction and hardware store. There are many different brands for different viscosity levels.
The lubricant purchased must be of high quality. High-quality lubricant for a four-stroke power unit has the following properties:
- motor cooling and protection;
- maintaining own operating indicators for a long period of time;
- compliance with the requirements of the vehicle make and model;
- low kinematic viscosity. Allows you to avoid oil starvation when warming up the power unit to operating temperature;
- the presence of antifriction and anti-seize additive components;
- formation of a durable lubricating film that protects cylinders and pistons from scuffing during vehicle operation;
- engine cleaning. Provided with a special set of additive elements that counteract the formation of sediment and varnish deposits in the engine sump;
- slight coking. Relevant for internal combustion engines with air cooling, because the oil that gets into the piston rings heats up to almost three hundred degrees;
- elimination of carbon deposits leading to a decrease in the mobility of the piston rings, a decrease in pressure, high costs lubricating fluid.
If all these properties are present, then you have chosen the right consumable. He will lubricate everything efficiently motor spare parts, will allow power unit work without failures for a long time.
