As a rule, they select the types of jets for the Solex 21073 carburetor during its adjustment on the engine. Some of the drivers sometimes think that if a dream has come true and Solex is finally installed on the car, then all the problems will be solved at once. But it was not there! The main work only begins after installation. Designed to save you money on fuel resources, Solex needs to be fine-tuned for it to function properly.
It's good if there is a familiar carburetor. And if not? You can try to do it yourself, but for this procedure you need to know at least more information about the carburetor itself.
The selection of types of jets for the Solex 21073 carburetor is one of the components of its tuning for the most reasonable further operation. And before changing one to the other, you need to fundamentally understand: why, and what kind of detail is this?
Theory
(banner_content) The engine sucks air through the diffuser, and a certain amount of gasoline through the fuel jet. The volume of the sucked in air and fuel also depends on the volume of the engine. Therefore, there is a tendency: to put a small jet under a larger volume of the engine. And if you have to install a similar Solex 21073 carburetor on a small-volume engine (for example, 1.5), then the standard jets are poor (that is, they give an unsaturated mixture).
Therefore, we can say that everything starts with the fuel jet - its selection and settings. After that, already in the second head, you need to pick up an air one to it. To start - strictly from the first camera, until you set it up, the second is not recommended in any case.
Rule: we select the jets according to the volume of the engine. And it is best, before starting the setup, to find the factory Solex, corresponding to the volume of the unit on your car, and rearrange (or put the same) jets from it.
Selection basics
If we put, for example, Solex 21041 (volume 1.8) on the engine 1.5. This carburetor with a diffuser 24x26, fuel - 102.5, which is not enough for a 1.5 engine. We are looking for cameras and a diffuser by coincidence. We find the closest of the options: Solex 21073. It has a 24x24 diffuser and a TJ - 107.5. And the first cameras are practically the same. By the way, if the diffusers are almost the same, and the volume of the engine is smaller, then the suction of gasoline will be less (the jet is poor). This means that TJ (fuel jets) from 110 are needed. We collect a few.Next, you need to decide what you want to get: economical leisurely or costly throttle response. Depending on the solution, we also select TZ: to adjust the enrichment or depletion of the air and fuel mixture (a lean one will lead to gasoline savings, but will affect the acceleration dynamics of the car).
A few examples of how to pick up
1.8 liter engine... Carb - Solex 21073 (24x24). In the first chamber there is fuel - 115, air - 165. In the second: TZ - 115, air (VZh) - 125th. idle: 41st. In this situation, the consumption of AI 92 for the urban driving mode is from 8 to 9 liters.
Engine 1.5 D... carb - Solex 21073. In the first - TZh 115, VZh - 155 ZD. In the second - ТЖ 115, ВЖ 135 ZC. XX - 41st. Gasoline AI 80. Consumption - highway 10, city 12.
Additional Information
In general, in addition to the selection of jets, there are also a lot of useful and interesting nuances of setting up Solex, so that it works correctly and is combined with the engine of your carburetor car.
You should always start with setting the levels in the chambers. They are manually set according to the positions of the floats themselves, depending on the unit cover (everything is done according to special templates). And in vain do you think, like many gullible Solex users, that everything has already been exhibited from the factory, they say. In order not to lead to overflows and load on the needle, we make the appropriate settings by bending the tongues of the floats.
After setting the levels, you can do idle. It depends on the position of the screws, the quality and the amount of the mixture (twist with the suction removed).
Outcomes
It goes without saying that there is no limit to improvement. Sometimes they can even turn into excesses: drill, for example, the throttle valve, polish the MD, solder the epulsion tubes on the carburetor. But, as they say, beyond measure, it is unhealthy. But such a procedure, in its own way fascinating, as the selection of types of jets for the Solex 21073 carburetor, for example, is a thing that is quite necessary for the correct adjustment of the unit and its complete compatibility with the engine compartment. As a result, you get an economical car that responds well to gas.
Various modifications of VAZ-2107 carburetors were installed on certain models, namely:
devices of the 2107-1107010-20 series were completed with the latest versions of engines for the VAZ-2103 and, which are equipped with vacuum correctors;
modification of products 2107-1107010 was installed on power units 2103 (2106) of cars VAZ-2107 and VAZ-2105;
carburetors of the 2107-1107010-10 series were used on engines 2106 and 2103, which are equipped with an ignition distributor without vacuum correctors.
The two-chamber carburetor of modification 2107-1107010 is made as an emulsion device with a falling flow. It is equipped with a balanced float chamber, an enrichment device, two main dosing systems, a crankcase suction mechanism, a special supply pipe to the vacuum advance regulator, an autonomous XX (idle) system and other necessary elements. Position control, namely the opening of the DZ () of the camera, is implemented through the drive pedal installed in the cabin. DZ of the second chamber is controlled by a special pneumatic actuator.
Equipped with a diaphragm trigger for starting XX. The accelerating pump is made as a diaphragm device equipped with a mechanical drive. It supplies fuel to the chamber. The carburetor mount is realized through four studs in the intake manifold.
How to adjust the carburetor on a VAZ
The adjustment of any modification, including the tuning of the VAZ-2107 carburetor, is carried out on the basis of calibration parameters, which contain all the necessary data. Experts recommend setting up once every 6 months. In fact, this procedure is the routine maintenance of this device.
Carburetor tuning 2107-1107010 includes the following operations:
cleaning and washing the product from the outside;
control of the state of mechanisms and individual elements;
flushing (cleaning) the strainer;
flushing (cleaning) the float chamber;
flushing (cleaning) fuel and air jets.
It makes no sense to describe in detail all the stages of setting up devices of the 2107-1107010 series, since cleaning or washing, as well as disassembling the VAZ-2107 carburetor, is identical for all modifications. Therefore, we will consider only the most important points.
Video on setting up a Solex carburetor on a VAZ-2107
To check and, if necessary, adjust the preset level of gasoline in the PC (float chamber), you must first prepare a special calibration template measuring 6.5 x 14.0 mm made of cardboard.
First, carefully remove the carburetor cover and place it vertically so that the float lever does not press, but only touches the ball of the loaded valve. We put a template under the float and control the gap between it and the cover gasket. If there is no template, you can measure this distance with a caliper or a regular ruler. The size of the gap should be within 6.25-6.75 mm.
If the distance from the float to the cover gasket does not correspond to the specified value, it should be corrected by carefully bending the IK holder (needle valve).
The next step is to set the maximum opening of the IR, which is determined by the float stroke. To do this, carefully move the float away from the lid body and measure the distance with a template or a ruler (vernier caliper). The valid range for this parameter is 13.5-14.5 mm. If the size of the gap goes beyond the specified limits, we bend a special stop located on the bracket, achieving the desired size.
If the carburetor setting is correct, the float travel will be 8 ± 0.25 mm.
Configuring PU
To proceed to the stage of setting up the PU (starting device), first prepare a piece of wire with a cross section of 0.75 ± 0.05 mm and a cardboard (plastic) template with a width of 5.0-5.5 mm. After that, we dismantle the air filter and clean the outside of the carburetor.
1 - three-arm air damper control lever; 2 - air damper; 3 - thrust of the starting device; 4 - stock; 5 - an adjusting screw; 6 - throttle valve of the first chamber; 7 - thrust of the throttle valve drive
We close the VZ completely, while the end of the thrust, which connects the VZ lever with the PU rod, must be at the end of the groove of this rod. Then we completely push in the PU rod and, using a template or a caliper (ruler), we control the size of the gap between the chamber wall and the edge of the air intake. It should be 5.0 + 0.5mm.
Now we set up the opening gap of the air intake. The adjustment is carried out using a special screw, which is closed with a stopper. Therefore, first unscrew the plug with a slotted screwdriver, and then correct the opening of the air intake.
Remote control opening control
To perform this operation, you must first remove the carburetor. Then we rotate the 3-arm lever counterclockwise and use a wire to check the gap, the value of which should be within 7.5 ± 0.5 mm. If necessary, carefully bend the rod or move its tip to another hole.
Setting XX
A gas analyzer and a multimeter are required for the correct setting of XX. We preheat the engine. RPM in XX mode should be within 860 ± 40 rpm. First, we set up the lead angle.
We switch the multimeter to the speed measurement mode and connect one probe to the primary winding of the short circuit (ignition coil), and connect the second to ground.
Insert the gas analyzer sensor into the exhaust pipe and turn on the device.
If necessary, adjust the amount of the screw to 860 ± 40 rpm.
Using the quality screw, we achieve the carbon dioxide content in the range of 0.85 ± 0.35%. If you do not have a gas analyzer, we control this parameter for stable engine operation.
With the correct setting, if you suddenly press and release the gas pedal, the engine should smoothly increase and then decrease the speed.
VZ drive setting
After dismantling the air filter, we take the damper handle with our hands and move it away from ourselves so that the air intake becomes vertical. If it did not work vertically, proceed to the adjustment.
Using a 7 key, we hold the sleeve and at the same time unscrew the screw that secures the damper rod. Under the action of the spring, the OT should be in a vertical position. Then we tighten the screw.
The power systems of modern cars are becoming more and more complex every year, but a simple, affordable and reliable carburetor will serve the owners of old cars for a long time to come. Now carburetor cars have been discontinued for a long time. But this does not eliminate the need to maintain such machines. For example, the Solex carburetor 21073 produced by the Dimitrovsky Automotive Aggregate Plant is still being manufactured and successfully operates in power systems for engines of classic VAZ models, as well as front-wheel drive VAZ 2108, 2109. It can also be found on early models of the “tenth family”.
Despite its simplicity, this element is in demand and popularity among motorists. Solex 21073 was installed not only on the Niva. The reviews about it are positive, which means that you need to learn more about it and learn how to customize it.
Solex carburetor: modifications
The basic design of these devices was developed by the engineers of the French company Soleks.
At the Dimitrovgrad plant, they later received a production license, and all other modifications were made by specialists here. The popular Solex 21073 was developed at DAAZ. Reviews about him are only positive. The mechanism is easy to configure and highly reliable. DAAZ-2108 is designed to work with a 1.3-liter engine for and 2109. Solex 21083 was modified for 1.5-liter power units. The same mechanisms were equipped with models from the first batches of VAZ 2110 with a microprocessor-based ignition system. The classic VAZ models were equipped with Solex 21053-1107010. The VAZ Niva models were equipped with the Solex 21073-1107010 mechanism. Now it has been replaced by an injector.
Device
Carburetor "Solex" 21073 belongs to the type of emulsion. Its modifications were originally installed on motors with the device is characterized by the presence of two chambers equipped with throttle valves, as well as dosing systems. The device also has adapter systems for the first and second cameras. There is an idle system, but only for the first chamber.
The mechanism is in two halves. The lower one is more massive - and the upper one. This half is directly the body of the device itself, and the upper part is the cover for the carburetor. At the bottom of each of the chambers there are rotary-type dampers with a mechanical drive. At the top, in the first chamber of the carburetor, there is an air damper. It is necessary to start a still cold power unit. This part is activated by a cable that goes into the passenger compartment and is connected to the lever responsible for the suction and to the starting
Operating principle
Solex 21073 works as follows. Gasoline enters the float chamber using the inlet fitting - the fuel also passes through the filter mesh, where it is cleaned, and goes through the needle valve. The chamber with the float is two-section, and the sections are interconnected. They will have the same amount of gasoline. This design allows to significantly reduce the influence of body tilts on the fuel level in a given chamber.
This ensures more stable engine operation. As the chamber fills, the float, pressing part of the needle valve, blocks the access of fuel to the chamber. This maintains a constant level of gasoline in the mechanism. Further, from the float chamber, gasoline enters the mixing wells through the jets. Air enters the same wells through special holes in emulsion tubes or air jets. Further, gasoline and air are mixed in them. The result is a fuel mixture. It will fall into small as well as large diffusers of the device. This is the main dosing chamber. Depending on the operating mode of the engine, certain mechanisms and systems can be started in the carburetor. When the owner tries to start the engine "cold" in order to enrich the fuel mixture, the starting device comes into play. Its driver starts from the passenger compartment - this is a suction.
When the handle is extended to its maximum, the air damper of the first chamber is completely closed. At the same time, the first chamber opens to the distance of the starting gap. It is adjusted using an adjusting screw on the Solex carburetor. Adjusting the gap will allow you to adjust the idle speed.
Starting system
This mechanism is a special cavity that connects to the intake manifold. Also, the device has a diaphragm and a stem, which is connected to the air damper. After the engine is started, a vacuum is generated in the intake manifold. It acts on the diaphragm rod, thereby opening the air damper. Returning the choke handle to its normal position will reduce the starting clearances.
The parameters of the clearances depend on the geometric characteristics of the lever and are not adjustable in any way. As for the throttle valve of the second chamber, when the choke is extended, it is in a locked state.
Idle system
This unit is necessary in order to supply the combustion chambers with a combustible mixture at the lowest speed. Thanks to this system, the power unit will not stall when there is no load. The fuel will enter the system through the main jet into the first chamber. Through the XX nozzle, where it is then mixed with oxygen, the fuel enters the system through the air valve. This mechanism allows to ensure stable operation of the engine at idle without load.
Further, the combustible mixture enters the first chamber through a special channel located under the throttle valve. The fuel mechanism leading to the XX outlet is closed with a quality screw. This is an adjusting screw with which you can adjust and change the characteristics of the carburetor. The operation of the motor in idle mode on the Solex 21073 mechanism is also tuned with this element. Due to it, the value of the gap of the throttle valve of the first chamber in the XX mode is determined.
Other carburetor assemblies
Also, the mechanism has an accelerating pump and an economizer. These assemblies are designed for the fuel mixture of the engine when it is operating under loaded conditions.
Adjusting the level in the float chamber
So, we examined the Solex device. Adjusting the carburetor will help to set the optimal mode when the engine will work as efficiently as possible and at the same time the fuel consumption will not be too high. First you need to start and warm up the engine a little. Then dismantle the fuel hose and carburetor cover. Then disconnect the suction cable and twist the lid from the device.
It must be removed as smoothly and carefully as possible so as not to damage the float. Then the distance in each of the chambers is measured with a ruler or vernier caliper. You need to measure from the mating surfaces to the edge of the gasoline. This dimension should be about 24 mm. If it is more or less, then the parameter is adjusted by bending the float. Then the device is reassembled, the engine is started and warmed up.
Idle setting
Many car owners, namely beginners, most often buy old cars and do not know how to set up the carburetor correctly. The result is power loss, floating revs and other problems. After the level adjustment is successfully completed, adjust the idle speed. Before doing this, it is recommended to turn off the engine. To work, you need a flat-blade screwdriver and time. There is a hole in the sole of the mechanism. There is a screw in it, which is responsible for the quality of the mixture. It is screwed in until it stops. However, you shouldn't be too zealous.
Then, from the most extreme position, the screw is unscrewed by five turns. Next, the engine is started without suction. Unscrew the quality screw - the 21073 carburetor will regulate the engine speed. Then the element is screwed in again. It is necessary to rotate until the operation of the power unit becomes as stable as possible. Rotate the screw slowly. When the operation of the motor becomes quieter, it is unscrewed by no more than one revolution. As a result, idle speed will be about 900. But if the engine stalls, they increase slightly.
Conclusion
These are the most important rules on how to tune the Solex carburetor (it goes to the Niva or to the seven, it doesn't matter). The setting allows you to improve the operation of the motor, stabilize idle speed. The good thing about this carburetor is that it can be adjusted with a minimum set of tools in any conditions. But time goes on, and cars with this type of power system are becoming less and less.
The classic VAZ models should be understood as cars from 2101 to 2107. The owners of such cars with a carburetor often look for more effective solutions to improve dynamic performance and / or reduce fuel consumption. Both acceleration and economy directly depend on the carburetor model under the hood and on the quality of its adjustment. If the owner decides to install a third-party carburetor, then a number of individual characteristics must be taken into account when choosing.
Read in this article
Standard carburetor models
Various carburetor models are focused on the environment, lower consumption or maximum vehicle dynamics. Carburetors have also been designed for different engine sizes. Some carburetor models from one power unit can be easily installed on another, and in some cases alterations will be required.
Carburetor DAAZ / Weber
Carburetors DAAZ (Dmitrovsky Avtoagregatny Plant) 2101, 2103 and 2106 were products that were produced thanks to a license from Weber. For this reason, the models are called both the DAAZ carburetor and the Weber carburetor, but they understand the same device. These carburetor models are characterized by maximum simplicity of design and provide excellent acceleration characteristics.
The disadvantages of these models rightly include high fuel consumption at around 10 to 14 liters per hundred kilometers. Another potential difficulty today is the almost complete absence of these models, even used ones, in an acceptable working condition.
Carburetor Ozone
No less popular is the DAAZ 21053 carburetor model, which is a licensed product from Solex. The carburetor has proven to be an economical and at the same time dynamic solution when installed on classic engines. The design of this model is very different from previous DAAZ carburetors. The Solex carburetor has a fuel return system (return). Thanks to this solution, surplus gasoline goes back to the gas tank. The return line allows you to save about 400-800 grams of gasoline per hundred kilometers traveled.
Individual versions of this model can have a variety of auxiliary electronic systems. The main solutions include an idle system with electric valve adjustment, an automatic cold start system, etc. Such innovations were found on export versions of the car. On the territory of the CIS, the Solex carburetor with an electric idle control valve has become widespread.
The system proved to be problematic in operation. In this type of carburetor, the air and fuel passages are narrow and quickly clog. If the carburetor is not serviced in a timely manner, then the idle system failed first. The Solex carburetor consumes from 6 to 10 liters of fuel in a quiet mode. In terms of dynamics, it is second only to the early development of Weber.
All the carburetors mentioned above are installed on classic VAZ engines without modifications. The only caveat when choosing is the selection of the carburetor relative to the displacement of your engine. In the event that the existing carburetor is designed for a different volume, then selection and replacement of jets will be required, as well as careful adjustment of the carburetor.
Installing a custom carburetor
Owners of "classics" in some cases resort to installing non-standard carburetor models on their cars. Such an installation will require certain alterations and subsequent adjustments. We are talking about Solex 21073 and Solex 21083 carburetor models.
Solex Model 21073
This model is designed for a 1.7-liter engine and was installed on the power unit of a Niva car as standard. The Solex 21073 carburetor differs from others in its large channels and jets. Installing this model on other VAZ cars with a carburetor allows you to achieve an increase in dynamics, but fuel consumption rises to 9-12 liters per hundred.
Solex Model 21083
Solex 21083 was installed on the VAZ 2108-09. If you put it on the "classic" engines, then some improvements will be required. The gas distribution systems of motors 01-07 and 08-09 have a number of differences. The installation of such a carburetor without alterations will lead to the fact that at a speed of about 4000 the speed of the supplied air can reach the sound speed, and the motor cannot be further rotated. To install this carburetor model, it is necessary to ream the diffusers of the primary and secondary chambers to expand them. You also need to install large jets. The revision process is laborious, but the result allows you to get gasoline consumption below the model 21053, and the dynamics will exceed the indicators by 21073.
Summarize
Finally, we add that there are models of foreign-made carburetors. The disadvantages of this choice include the high cost, difficulty in setting up and maintaining, as well as not always the best dynamics and efficiency in comparison with the above models of DAAZ, Solex or Weber carburetors.
Read also
Features of Solex carburetor adjustment. How to set the fuel level in the float chamber, adjust the idle speed, select jets, remove dips.
