Bus of an especially small class of rural (local) traffic, produced by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant since 1989. Off-road bus, body - frame, all-metal, wagon-type, 4-door (two doors in the front compartment, one side for entering the salon and one behind ). The location of the engine is forward. The driver's seat is not adjustable. Heating system - air, using heat from the engine cooling system. It differs from the previously produced analogue of the UAZ-452V (since 1968) in engine power, gear ratios, and brake drive.

Modifications:

UAZ-220606 and UAZ-220607 - export for countries with temperate and tropical climates, respectively; UAZ-3962 - medical,

Engine

Maud. UAZ-4178; petrol, in-line, 4-cyl., 92x92 mm, 2.445L, compression ratio 7.0, operating procedure 1-2-4-3, power 66kW (90 HP) at 4000 rpm, torque 171, 6 Nm (17.5 kgf-m) at 2200-2500 rpm, carburetor K-126GU, oil inertial air filter.

Transmission

The clutch is single-disc, the shutdown drive is hydraulic. Gearbox - 4-speed, gear numbers: I-3.78; II 2.60; III-1.55; IV-1.0; ЗХ-4,1 2. Synchronizers in all forward gears. Transfer case - 2-speed gearbox numbers: I-1.94; II-1.00. Two cardan drives, each consisting of one shaft. The main gear of the front and rear axles is single, bevel with spiral teeth, gear. number 4.625.

Wheels and tires

Wheels - disc, rims 6L-15, mount on 5 studs. Tires 8.40-15 mod. Ya-245, NS-6, tread pattern - universal, tire pressure of front and rear wheels 2.2 kgf / cm. sq., the number of wheels is 4 + 1.

Suspension

Dependent front and rear, on semi-elliptic springs, two shock absorbers on each axle.

Brakes

The working brake system is two-circuit, with a hydraulic drive and a vacuum booster, with drum mechanisms (diameter 280 mm, width of pads 50 mm), cam release. Parking brake - transmission, drum, with a mechanical drive.

Steering

The steering gear is a globoidal worm and a two-ridge roller, transmit. number 20.3. Steering wheel play up to 100.

Electrical equipment

Voltage 12 V, ac. 6ST-60EM battery, G250-P2 generator with PP132-A voltage regulator, 42.3708 starter, 33.3706 distributor, 13.3734 transistor switch, B116 ignition coil, AN plugs. Fuel tanks - 55 and 30 liters, gasoline A-76;
cooling system - 13.4 liters, water or coolant;
lubrication system - 5.8 l, all-season М-8В1, in winter М-6 / 10В;
steering gear case - 0.25 l, TSp-15K, TAP-15V;
transfer case - 0.70 l, TSp-15K, TAP-15V;
drive axle housing 2x0.85 l, TSp-15K, TAP-15V;
hydraulic brakes and clutch - 0.70 l, brake fluid "Tom";
shock absorbers - 4x0.32 l, spindle oil, AU;
windshield washer reservoir - 2.0l, NIISS-4 fluid mixed with water

Unit weight (in kg)

Engine with equipment and clutch - 166;
gearbox - 34;
transfer case - 37;
cardan shafts - 15;
front axle - 133;
rear axle - 101;
body - 768;
complete wheel with tire - 37;
radiator - 10.

SPECIFICATIONS

Capacity:
number of seats	10
total number of seats	10
number of positions	1
Curb weight	1850 kg.
Including:
on the front axle	1020 kg.
on the rear axle	830 kg.
Full mass	2720 ​​kg.
Including:
on the front axle	1300 kg.
on the rear axle	1420 kg.
Max speed	110 kg.
Acceleration time to 60 km / h	20 s.
Max climb climb	30 %
Run-out from 50 km / h	400 m.
Braking distance from 60 km / h	32.1 m.
Control fuel consumption at 60 km / h, l / 100 km	10.6 l.
Turning radius:
on the outer wheel	6.3 m.
overall	6.8 m.

UAZ "Loaf"- car-era, car-legend. The oldest of the current serial production of light commercial vehicles not only in Russia, but also in the world. For 60 years now, without a fundamental change in concept, they have been rolling off the assembly line of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant and, apparently, will be in the series for more than one year. For many decades, the most popular car in the "loaf" family was the "nurse".

Yes Yes! There were more sanitary and medical "loaves" in the Soviet years than basic all-metal vans, more than flatbed "tadpole" trucks and a lot more than minibuses. That is, medical UAZ-450A, UAZ-452A and UAZ-3962 in terms of the number of copies issued, they always surpassed their other relatives in the family, which, by the way, was the first independent development of the Ulyanovsk people.

The nickname "Tablet" is firmly attached to the medical version. About the history of "Tablet" - our story. We are not going deeply into technical details. The emphasis is on the exterior and interior furnishings.

01. The development of the "loaf" began in the first half of the 1950s, and if you count from the first built prototypes, then the "loaves" are even more than 60 years old. This is one of the first experimental "search" UAZ-450A nicknamed "Magpie" was photographed at an exhibition in NAMI in July 1956.


Collection Denis Dementyev

02. And this is the first serial UAZ-450A... In 1958, UAZ built the first 250 of these machines. The body shapes are the same today, but the "face" was different then. Another feature of the earliest UAZ-450A- front doors that opened against the direction of travel.


Collection Denis Dementyev

03. And on the early "loaves" there was no side door to enter the salon. Access there was only through the rear swing doors.


Collection Denis Dementyev

04. Medical salon at UAZ-450A, as you can see, was extremely ascetic.


Collection Denis Dementyev

05. Modernized and changed something in the "loaves" constantly. The front doors that open rather quickly in the opposite direction gave way to the usual classic ones with front hinges. But the side door, even in the modernized UAZ-450A still wasn't there.


Collection Denis Dementyev

06. The last five copies UAZ-450A manufactured in 1966. In total, from 1958 to 1966, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant produced 30,103 serial "nurses" UAZ-450A... One of those cars has been preserved in perfect condition and is an exhibit of the UAZ factory museum.


Photo Nikolay MARKOV

07. All-wheel drive family UAZ-450 there was a non-four-wheel drive "branch" with a 4x2 wheel arrangement - UAZ-451... Very few four-wheel drive UAZs were produced, "nurse" UAZ-451A with a drive only to the rear axle also existed, but only in prototypes. Serially, the sanitary "loaf" 4x2 was not produced.


Photo source: uazbuka.ru

08. In issue 2 for 1962 in the heading "New Soviet Cars" the magazine "Automobile Transport" posted a note about UAZ-452A, "new generation" of Ulyanovsk nurses. The first experienced UAZ-452A The "face" was the same as that of the 450s, but (most importantly) there was finally a side door to enter the salon.

09. In series UAZ-452A went four years after the article in "Automobile Transport", in 1966. Production cars had a different appearance, the main features of which have survived to this day. However, the earliest ones are easily distinguished by their round rearview mirrors and solid white direction indicators. This ad with a doctor wearing trendy glasses and overseas shoes shows just such an option. Around the same time, the nickname "Tablet" was attached to medical "loaves".


Collection Denis Dementyev

10. Gradually, two concepts of the salon were formed - civil and military. The civilian (left) meant one stretcher and three seats for doctors, the military (right) allowed a stretcher for four patients (wounded).


Collection Denis Dementyev

11. The military version had an interesting feature - all windows could be curtained with thick canvas curtains, which were rolled up. Nobody canceled the rules of military blackout even for the "nurses".


Collection Denis Dementyev

12. These blackout curtains can be clearly seen on a perfectly preserved specimen from the factory museum.


A source: uazbuka.ru

13. In fairness, it should be noted that the civilian medical salon from item 10- exhibition, "exemplary". Serial was much simpler. This can be clearly seen in the photo.


Collection Denis Dementyev

One of the main problems of the "tablets" was the smoothness of the movement. At the heart of the units are "Kozlik", which, in turn, was so nicknamed for "jumping ability". And for a medical machine, this is a serious drawback.

14. We worked on the problem of smoothness of the "tablets". In the photo - a prototype UAZ-452AG and its chassis. Experts will immediately see the difference.


Collection Denis Dementyev

15. But just in case, a photo of the chassis from a different angle.


Collection Denis Dementyev

16. The arrow shows the main difference. UAZ-452AG from standard UAZ-452A... This car was equipped with a hydropneumatic suspension. It is curious that the UAZ began to work on the hydropneumatic suspension even before UAZ-452A went into mass production. This prototype UAZ-452AG- built in 1965. And at the level of an idea, hydropneumatics began to be discussed back in 1961. But it never came to the series, despite several years of the most serious tests.


Collection Denis Dementyev

17. Medical facilities across the country continued to receive Rigid Standard Suspension Pills.


Collection Denis Dementyev

18. "Nurse" UAZ-452A serially produced from 1966 to 1985. During this time, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant built a little more than 166,000 base "Tablets" UAZ-452A.


Collection Denis Dementyev

To this number must be added 1849 built export "editions" UAZ-452AE, 1245 manufactured tropical modifications UAZ-452AT and 393 very rare northern cars UAZ-452AS.

19. Northern version UAZ-452AS in the obligatory bright orange color is shown in this photo. Such a "tablet" was equipped with two batteries instead of one, additional foglights, had additional insulation with technical felt and richer medical equipment.


A source: uazbuka.ru

In total, over 19 years of production, almost 170,000 UAZ-452A all modifications.

Work on a major modernization of the entire 452 family was started in the second half of the 1970s. We made constructive changes to the frame, braking system, steering, electrical circuit. The first modernized test specimens were built in 1977.

20. This photo shows a modernized experimental pre-production "tablet" built in 1977. The appearance has also changed slightly. They put new direction indicators in front PF-130, and in the back there are lanterns FP-132... There are new rear-view mirrors.


Collection Denis Dementyev

21. The new lighting technology required changes to the stamps for the front body panel, rear corner panels and even the floor stamps. Due to the installation of the reversing light and the license plate light, the outer panel of the left rear door has also changed. In general, the exterior changes at the rear were the most noticeable.


Collection Denis Dementyev

After modernization, the whole family was assigned new indexes. The ambulance received the designation UAZ-3962.

22. In series UAZ-3962 went only in 1985, 8 years after the construction of prototypes of this generation. In the first year of production UAZ-3962 released in parallel with UAZ-452A... 4035 copies were made that year UAZ-452A and 7496 copies UAZ-3962.


Collection Denis Dementyev

Until the collapse of the USSR, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant produced, on average, a thousand UAZ-3962 monthly, that is, more than 30 cars per day. Simply put, the Soviet state received a new "Tablet" approximately every 45 minutes.

23. Although GOST for the white-red color of all civilian ambulance vehicles was developed back in the mid-1970s, massively Soviet AIPS acquired this color only towards the end of the 1980s. For a promotional brochure published in 1989, UAZ-3962 beautifully painted in accordance with GOST.


Collection Denis Dementyev

24. And they staged an exemplary photo session. I just want to believe that doctors in the USSR really came to a construction site in an elegant UAZ and in model high-heeled shoes :)


Collection Denis Dementyev

25. In reality, civilians UAZ-3962 came off the assembly line in light gray and were hardly painted according to the red and white GOST.


Collection Denis Dementyev

26. And the majority was painted in the classic "military-protective" for UAZ vehicles. Lion's share UAZ-3962 transferred immediately to the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense.

By the way! It was thanks to the military, even under the USSR, that a fundamentally new "Tablet" was almost born. About it Remarochka.

UAZ-39629- off-road vehicle intended for use in the medical service.

A car with a wagon-type body, which is divided by a partition into a cabin for two people and a sanitary salon. It is widely used in servicing ambulance stations in rural areas and in urban settings. It is also used to evacuate victims from hard-to-reach areas.

UAZ-39629 is an ambulance that has no competitors in its segment in terms of price-reliability-cross-country ability ratio. Its advantages:

• Low cost;
• Mobility;
• High cross-country ability;
• Complete set with reliable units;
• Field service capability.

UAZ-39629 is built on the basis of UAZ-3909, has a 4 * 4 wheel arrangement, an all-metal body with three side single-leaf doors and one rear double-leaf swing door. A swivel floodlight is mounted in the front of the roof.

Dimensions:

• Length 4363 mm;
• Width 1940 mm;
• Height 2064 mm;
• Clearance 205 mm.

Loading capacity is 845 kg.

The UAZ 39629 salon is designed for 9 seats, the seats have soft upholstery, and a place for an accompanying person is provided in the sanitary compartment. The basic package includes a heater for the interior space, ABS, power steering.

The car is equipped with a ZMZ-4091 engine with a working volume of 2.7 liters and a power of 112 hp, a 5-speed manual transmission, a 2-speed transfer case. Fuel consumption per 100 to the way is 13.5 liters.

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A cheerful-looking and unpretentious UAZ 3962 car, in fact, has eerie roots, and this is due to the development time of this car.

Today it is hard to believe in it, the car has become familiar and familiar, but hardly anyone would want to get into it if it was used for its intended purpose. Yes, it's an ambulance.

It is not known for certain whether this is true, or fairy tales for thrill-seekers, but those UAZ 452 designers who could give interviews a few years ago spoke of a completely different purpose of all-metal vans based on the GAZ 69. Numerous modifications of the Loaf originate from a single model ...

This is the simplest, most primitive stamped tin body, which was bolted to the frame from a gas car. But the most important thing in the design of this body was that in the cabin, in addition to the driver and front passenger, special mounts for five horizontal stretchers could have been developed.

What is this mass evacuation and why then use an all-wheel drive chassis? It was just that it was like that. The spy mania was over, the public needed a horror story so that they would not be particularly distracted by all sorts of nonsense, and went to the production on a whistle. And they came up with a horror story - nuclear war.

No one knew what a hotbed of nuclear destruction might look like, but judging by the experience of Hiroshima, there was little chance of survival in this hell. Therefore, we have developed this cheerful minibus for removing corpses from the lesion focus. If his designer, V. Aryamov, had known about this, he would have come up with a more restrained design.

UAZ-396295-356 Soft interior, dvig. ZMZ-4091, 112 hp, folding benches, driver's, passenger's and accompanying seats are comfortable.

The sanitary all-wheel drive vehicle UAZ-3962 (39629) is intended for transportation of patients and can be used to service ambulance stations and evacuate victims both in cities and in rural areas. The car body is divided by a partition into a driver's cabin and a sanitary room. The partition has a sliding glass window. The sanitary room is equipped with folding seats and an attachment for installing 4 stretchers, the possibility of placing sanitary equipment is provided. A swivel headlight is installed at the front of the roof.

The use of UAZ-3962 in medicine is not all that it is capable of. The area of ​​use of the "nurse" is much wider. People's ingenuity has long turned it into a utility vehicle: after all, thanks to the folding benches, up to 9 people can be accommodated here or the corresponding equivalent of cargo. Moreover: it will not only help you in your work, but also provide you with relaxation and comfort during the trip. For this, in April 1997, the production of a car with soft upholstery and comfortable seats for the driver, passenger and (note!) An accompanying person in the cabin began.

The car is equipped with gasoline engines:

• with a working volume of 2.445 liters (power - 92 hp) produced by the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant (ZMZ-4104) and the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant (UMZ-4218.10).
• with a working volume of 2.89 liters (power - 98 hp) - UMP-4218, produced by the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant.

Specifications

General characteristics
Wheel formula	4 × 4
Number of seats	8-9
Overall dimensions, mm	4440x2100x2240
Ground clearance, mm	220
The depth of the ford to be overcome, m	0,5
Maximum rise, hail	30
Curb weight, kg	1825
Full weight, kg	2500
Carrying capacity, kg	900
Maximum speed, km / h	110
Fuel consumption at 90 km / h, l / 100 km	15,5
Transmission	mechanical, 4-speed
Transfer case	two-stage
Brake system	double-circuit, with a vacuum amplifier, drum
Tires	215 / 90R15C, 225 / 75R16,225 / R16C

An ambulance, for example, from a nine-seater passenger car, differed only in the presence of a seeker headlight, those same ill-fated stretchers, although one, a place for the accompanying personnel. Sometimes glass could be frosted. Well, the red cross on a white background said that this was a nurse. There were no technical changes. Except for the 451 with mono drive, that is, only with the rear.

The technical characteristics of UAZs changed synchronously, as soon as another new engine came at the disposal of the plant. But in fact, the model of the late 50s 452A differs from the modern model 3962 only in little things, which does not even pull for restyling. Among them:

• vacuum brake booster;
• more comfortable seats;
• the car is more generously decorated with plastic;
• not so long ago, a 5-speed gearbox appeared.

Engine

It is not surprising that, at its core, it is still the same low-speed gasoline engine with a slightly modified timing system. In addition, on most cars produced after 1985, a three-liter engine with a capacity of almost one hundred forces is installed. Why such an approximation is explained simply - the car can be equipped with both the engines of the Ulyanovsk plant UMP, and third-party manufacturers, and the owners of the "nurses" are in no hurry to overhaul the engine, preferring to install completely different motors. The power of the stock engine clearly does not correspond to the heavy body and the purpose of the car.

Engine repairs and malfunctions

Absolutely all malfunctions of the UMZ 421 engine are fully comparable to the Volga GAZ 21 engine. This is exactly the unit that was still on it, even with injection. With engines, too, everything is extremely confusing.

The motors ZMZ and UMP are no different from each other, they have only the difference that the first one was produced at the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant.

This is all the same 1956 engine, on which they were going to evacuate the wounded from the focus of nuclear destruction. The engine does not have hydraulic lifters, so every 10 thousand you need to adjust the thermal clearances of the valves.

There is simply no adequate replacement for this car, there are simply no factories left that could build an all-wheel drive multipurpose minibus, such as the UAZ 3962, the photo of which is posted on the page. In addition to the civilian population, these vehicles will never be abandoned by the army and aviation, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the fire service. Well, the stretcher. So, you never know what ...

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For purchasing this equipment (UAZ-3962 sanitary minibus), terms of credit and leasing, service and warranty services, please contact the plant's dealers or official representative offices. Delivery can be carried out both directly from the manufacturer, and from sites in Moscow and other regions of the Russian Federation.

Modifications of the UAZ-3962 sanitary minibus:

UAZ-396295-356 Soft interior, dvig. ZMZ-4091, 112 hp, folding benches, driver's, passenger's and accompanying seats are comfortable.

The sanitary all-wheel drive vehicle UAZ-3962 (39629) is intended for transportation of patients and can be used to service ambulance stations and evacuate victims both in cities and in rural areas. The car body is divided by a partition into a driver's cabin and a sanitary room. The partition has a sliding glass window. The sanitary room is equipped with folding seats and an attachment for installing 4 stretchers, the possibility of placing sanitary equipment is provided. A swivel headlight is installed at the front of the roof.

The use of UAZ-3962 in medicine is not all that it is capable of. The area of ​​use of the "nurse" is much wider. People's ingenuity has long turned it into a utility vehicle: after all, thanks to the folding benches, up to 9 people can be accommodated here or the corresponding equivalent of cargo. Moreover: it will not only help you in your work, but also provide you with relaxation and comfort during the trip. For this, in April 1997, the production of a car with soft upholstery and comfortable seats for the driver, passenger and (note!) An accompanying person in the cabin began.

The car is equipped with gasoline engines:

• with a working volume of 2.445 liters (power - 92 hp) produced by the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant (ZMZ-4104) and the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant ().
• with a working volume of 2.89 liters (power - 98 hp) - UMP-4218, produced by the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant.

Technical characteristics of UAZ 3962:

General characteristics
Wheel formula	4x4
Number of seats	8-9
Overall dimensions, mm	4440x2100x2240
Ground clearance, mm	220
The depth of the ford to be overcome, m	0,5
Maximum rise, hail	30
Curb weight, kg	1825
Full weight, kg	2500
Carrying capacity, kg	900
Maximum speed, km / h	110
Fuel consumption at 90 km / h, l / 100 km	15,5
Transmission	mechanical, 4-speed
Transfer case	two-stage
Brake system	double-circuit, with a vacuum amplifier, drum
Tires	215 / 90R15C, 225 / 75R16, 225 / R16C