Often car buyers are faced with such concepts as " naturally aspirated engine" or " turbocharged engine"(sometimes there are "boosted engines").

From this article you will learn:

It even happens that the buyer learns about the type of engine immediately before the car itself, not realizing that each engine has its own operating characteristics, which are important to know about even before the buyer gets behind the wheel.

Fundamental differences between engines

An atmospheric engine is a "regular" engine internal combustion, the design of which was developed a very long time ago and over many decades of operation brought to its perfection.

A turbocharged engine is the same as an internal combustion engine, to the design of which a turbine has been added that pumps air into the cylinders under pressure, which significantly increases the power of the engine. A small-volume turbocharged engine (for example, 1.3 liter turbo - 140 hp) can have the same power as a noticeably larger naturally aspirated engine (1.8 liter - 140 hp).

A boosted engine is the same internal combustion engine, but has a rather complex design, often involving the use of racing technologies, expensive materials and all sorts of mechanisms for extracting maximum power. May be equipped with a turbine or not. The design of a forced engine often implies that high engine power comes at the expense of service life (forced engines do not last long).

Each type of engine has pros and cons, which determine a number of requirements for the operation of such an engine.

Atmospheric engines

The disadvantages of atmospheric engines usually include their “outdated” design, low power per unit volume, as well as relatively low efficiency (as a result of which harmful emissions increase).

However, the naturally aspirated engine has one very serious advantage, which is Russian conditions operation, often outweighs all the disadvantages - this is high reliability.

The design of an aspirated engine is quite simple (in comparison with a turbocharged and forced engine); after many decades of modifications and improvements, such an engine has practically no parts left that can break.

The last significant changes in the design of atmospheric engines, which significantly increased power and reduced fuel consumption, occurred in the 80s and 90s of the last century. Since then, almost everything automobile manufacturers make changes to the design of their naturally aspirated engines only for reasons of reducing harmful emissions.

Due to its simplicity and reliability, the naturally aspirated engine has another significant advantage - unpretentiousness. An atmospheric engine can withstand operation on poor gasoline (which is not uncommon in Russia) much easier than a turbocharged or forced engine. This feature is very important for owners who most often install such engines.

Turbocharged engines

As for the engine with a turbine, it has many disadvantages that the dealer does not mention when selling the car.

The disadvantages often include the complexity of the engine design (as a result, breakdowns occur more often), the relatively short service life of the turbine (due to permanent job at high temperatures ah), low resource of the engine itself (due to operation under increased loads).

Disadvantages also include high fuel consumption (during intense driving), demands on its quality, the presence of a “turbo hole” during acceleration, which many models of turbo engines have, a large number of difficulties in operating and maintaining the turbine (installing a turbo timer, using special oils etc.).

Another significant disadvantage is the high oil consumption, which is the norm for many turbo engines.

Among other things, a turbocharged engine requires highly qualified technicians for maintenance and repair. Many car owners neglect this fact, sending the car to “omnivorous” services, after which the engine service life can be reduced very significantly.

The advantages of a turbocharged engine, in turn, include fairly high power with a relatively small volume. This allows manufacturers:

• - firstly - to achieve comparatively low flow fuel in urban driving mode and reducing harmful emissions (which corresponds to environmental standards Euro-4 and Euro-5 and others).
• - secondly - install small engines at relatively heavy vehicles(business sedans and SUVs).

Connoisseurs also consider the advantages of turbo engines to be the unique driving pleasure and characteristic whistling sounds during acceleration.

Uprated engines

The pros and cons of boosted engines are often similar to the pros and cons of turbo engines.

The disadvantages include the complexity of the design (as a result, breakdowns occur more often), demands on fuel quality and a low overall engine life.

Forced engines are also demanding quality repairs and can consume quite a lot of oil.

The advantages of a forced engine also include fairly high power with a relatively small volume, which allows manufacturers to achieve low fuel consumption in the city and reduce harmful emissions. Due to their high power, such engines can also be installed on heavy vehicles.

Exploitation

The cost of operating an engine (and the entire vehicle) generally depends on the complexity of that engine's design.

If the engine has a complex design (turbocharged or forced), then for its normal operation it is necessary quality fuel(risk of flooding bad gasoline great in Russia), high quality (counterfeits) famous brands there are many on the market), as well as qualified service, which is quite expensive.

An engine with a complex design is more likely to break, and spare parts for such an engine are quite expensive.

The opposite is also true - the simpler the engine design, the less money the owner has to spend to maintain its normal operation (cheaper parts, easier service, less likelihood of breakdowns).

Progress and wallet

The recent trend is that almost all automakers, trying to increase engine power and at the same time reduce its consumption, are switching to producing cars with small-volume turbocharged or forced engines.

This approach allows us to produce quite powerful and eco cars, but at the same time it complicates the design quite a lot (which leads to more frequent breakdowns), and also reduces the resource.

For the buyer, such an approach is a plus until he begins to deal directly with the repair - that is, until the end warranty period. After this, a car with a turbocharged or forced engine may well become a headache for its owner.

Of course, most buyers of a new car tend to drive it just until the end of the warranty period, after which they sell it.

However, any buyer of a used car will calculate in advance their possible costs for this car and will not pay a lot of money for a car whose engine life will raise certain doubts.

Therefore, in order to sell used. a car with a small-volume turbocharged or forced-air engine, sellers will most likely have to lose more money than when selling the same car, but with a normal-volume naturally aspirated engine, the resource of which is initially longer.

Thus, technical progress for any car owner in Russia will have its own value - for the owner new car it will amount to the loss on subsequent sales, and for the owner of a used car - the amount of maintenance costs and more expensive repairs.

New cars are less and less often equipped with naturally aspirated engines; fortunately, turbines make it possible to develop more power at low volume. Russian drivers, however, are wary of turbo engines. And in vain.

Turbocharged and naturally aspirated engines - what's the difference?

The difference is how air enters the engine cylinders.

• Atmospheric engine

The air goes on its own to where the pressure is lower. In an atmospheric engine, air flows into the cylinders under the influence of the vacuum created during the intake stroke - the piston lowers and draws in air with it. It couldn't be simpler.

• Supercharged motor

To force more air into the cylinders, forced charging comes to help the pressure difference. Roughly speaking, a “big fan” is installed at the inlet. We’ll talk briefly about the design of such systems below.

Why does an engine need boost?

To increase engine power, you need to burn more fuel in it - the relationship is simple. But in order to burn more fuel, you need to supply a lot of air into the cylinders, almost a cubic meter for every liter of gasoline. The only question is how to make him do it? There are two main ways:

• Increase volume. This suggests itself, and for a long time designers followed this path: they increased the number of cylinders, their volume and configuration. This is how aviation W12 and V16 with a displacement of one hundred liters and a hook and American seven-liter V8 for cars appeared... Now we will not go into details and will only state that this path is difficult. At a certain point big motor becomes too heavy, and further increase is inappropriate.
• Increase the amount of fuel burned without increasing engine volume. Indeed, why not simply force more air into the cylinders so that a lot of gasoline can be burned? This is where boost comes to the rescue.

W12 engine development Volkswagen Group was placed in different years for Audi A8L, Volkswagen Phaeton, Volkswagen Touareg, Bentley Continental Flying Spur and other premium models. Photo: w12cars.com

What are the main types of superchargers?

Basically, two methods are used to increase the inlet pressure above atmospheric pressure.

• Mechanical supercharger. At the inlet there is an air pump - a compressor, which is driven by crankshaft motor. It’s simple, but the engine has to turn it and spend some of its power on it.

• Turbocharger that uses energy exhaust gases. It is a double casing of two metal “snails”, in which two impellers rotate on one shaft. One of them is spun by a stream of exhaust gases escaping from exhaust manifold. The second rotates because it is on the same shaft as the first - it “drives” atmospheric air into the intake manifold.

We will not now go into the advantages and disadvantages of each of the schemes, nor describe the history of their creation and development - this is a topic for a separate material. Here it is important for us to determine how good supercharged engines are.

What are the advantages of a supercharged engine?

High maximum power.

As we already understood, due to supercharging, you can increase the amount of fuel burned, and therefore increase the engine power while maintaining a constant volume. Power can be increased significantly, but the usual figure is 20–100% for production engines.

Stable torque.

In a conventional naturally aspirated engine, the inlet pressure, and therefore the amount of fuel burned, changes depending on the engine speed. At some speeds, the filling is maximum, and the engine works with full efficiency. On others, the filling of the cylinders is worse, and the torque developed by the engine is less.

In a modern turbo engine, a turbine fills the cylinder, and the turbine is controlled electronically. It becomes possible to always supply as much air as is needed for the most efficient combustion of the mixture, and so much so that the engine hardware can withstand the load. This allows you to create the famous torque plateau. This name comes from the type of torque graph, which on turbo engines really looks like a flat shelf.

Low fuel consumption.

It would seem like a paradox. Supercharging allows you to inject more fuel, but at the same time ensures efficiency. How? The fact is that the displacement of turbo engines is smaller, and in general they are lighter. With supercharging, the engine pulls great from the very bottom, and at low speeds there is less energy loss due to friction and higher efficiency. As a result, when driving slowly, a turbo engine is more economical. And with a heavy load, no one considers fuel consumption, it’s not for nothing that there is an expression “drive with all your money,” especially since few people constantly drive in extreme conditions.

On the power and torque measurement graph Skoda Fabia RS TSI visiblethat in the range from 2,000 to 4,500 rpm the engine develops 250 Newton-meters. This is called the “torque shelf”.

Why are people afraid of supercharged engines?

We can say with complete certainty that supercharged engines are at a higher stage of evolution than naturally aspirated engines. And yet, today the majority of cars produced and sold are equipped with classic engines, and not only in “backward” Russia, but also in “enlightened” Europe, not to mention the USA. Why?

The resource of turbines is short.

On average, a turbine on a gasoline engine lasts a maximum of 120–150 thousand kilometers, and repairs are expensive. In theory, a mechanical drive supercharger is “indestructible,” but it is a dying breed, and where it is used, they do not care about the resource.

The engine operates in harsher conditions.

The temperature and pressure in the cylinders of supercharged engines is much higher, which means they wear out more. This is compensated by the fact that turbo engines are initially built with a higher safety margin for all systems.

However, it is quite true that the engine is more complex, it has more sensors, more pipelines, more heating and leaking, and any breakdown in the control system can damage the engine itself or the turbine.

They say that the turbine produces unstable thrust.

Indeed, on old supercharged engines the turbine did not “respond” immediately - it took time to traffic fumes They spun the impeller, and it turned out what was called “turbo lag.” Now, with the introduction of new technologies (we'll talk about them in more detail later), this problem has been solved. “Purists”, advocates of naturally aspirated engines, argue that there is still no ideal connection between the movement of the gas pedal and traction, but for ordinary drivers these subtleties will not be obvious.

They say that turbocharged engines sound less “noble” than atmospheric ones.

Indeed, the turbine makes the exhaust sound not so bright and “thoroughbred”. But this can only be fully attributed to “large” motors - straight sixes or V8. Their sound is recognized as a certain ideal, and adding a turbocharger to them changes the sound dramatically.

According to audiophiles, “from the exhaust” the sound becomes unclear and smeared. The turbine acts as a muffler, smoothing out peaks in exhaust gas pressure and creating its own harmonics. If we are talking about ordinary in-line “fours”, then it cannot be said that the exhaust of such an engine initially sounds particularly good; with the addition of a turbine it becomes quieter, but its uniqueness is unlikely to be lost.

To help the fans good sound exhaust acoustics specialists come to the engine. Exhaust systems modern cars Whether supercharged or not is the fruit of serious work, and the sound features primarily depend on the quality of the system setup and the wishes of the buyer.

Why do some sports car manufacturers still not accept supercharging?

Indeed, such “respected” cars as the Toyota GT86, Renault Clio RS and Honda do just fine without turbines and superchargers Civic Type R. There are several main reasons for this:

• High power can be obtained without a turbine, but on condition that the engine develops it only at very high speeds. For example, 201 hp. on the same Honda Civic The Type R is only available at 7,800 rpm, which is very high for a non-racing engine.
• The supercharging system greatly increases the weight and size of small engines - it cannot be made truly compact. This is important for sports cars.
• Many people like the “torque” nature of naturally aspirated engines, the absence of any possible delays and influence of air temperature, the “purity” of reactions and sound.
• In many racing disciplines, turbocharged engines are prohibited, but there are traditions of boosting naturally aspirated engines.
• On naturally aspirated engines there is more powerful engine braking when releasing the gas, which is noticeable on small engines and, again, important for sports cars.
• In Japan and the USA, where naturally aspirated “lighters” are still mostly used, there are no such strict restrictions on fuel consumption as in Europe. A motor with a turbine is more expensive, but can produce high power at low consumption and at any altitude, even on the tops of the Alps. A motor without a turbine is simpler, less demanding on maintenance, especially when very high power is not needed, and high flow rate fuel and low thrust in the “non-racing” mode can be neglected. And don’t underestimate the power of national automotive traditions.

However, little by little, supercharging is gaining a place under the hood of sports cars. At first, Formula 1 abandoned naturally aspirated engines, and in March 2014 the first one debuted in modern history turbocharged Ferrari model - California T, which received a “snail” after long break since the days of 288 and F40.

Before purchasing a car (it doesn’t matter the first or the next, new or used), each potential buyer is faced with a choice: which engine (if we are talking about a gasoline power unit) to choose - naturally aspirated or turbocharged. In this matter, much depends on personal preferences (that is, driving style), operating conditions and planned maintenance costs. Both varieties car engines have both their undeniable advantages and, naturally, a number of disadvantages. Therefore, it is impossible to give a definite answer which engine is better. In our article we will try to give comparative characteristics the main technical and consumer indicators of both engines.

Let us briefly recall how a gasoline engine works:

• Air-fuel mixture through inlet valve enters the cylinder.
• Then it is compressed and ignited with the help of a spark plug.
• After ignition, the energy of the so-called “micro-explosion” is transferred to the piston.
• Then the gases formed due to the combustion of the mixture are discharged through the exhaust valve.

The main differences between the design of an atmospheric and a turbocharged engine

To say that naturally aspirated (that is, standard) and turbocharged engines is fundamental different motors, it is forbidden. The design and operating principle of both units are largely similar. What is their difference? On a standard engine, air is drawn into the cylinder through the intake valve at atmospheric pressure. In a turbocharged engine, it is pumped under significantly higher pressure, which is created by a special device - a turbine. To rotate it, they use the energy of exhaust gases from the exhaust manifold. Structurally, the turbocharger consists of two isolated impellers mounted on one shaft.

Exhaust gases, coming from the exhaust manifold to the so-called “hot” blades, spin the turbine shaft. The rotating “cold” impeller picks up air and forces it under pressure into the cylinder. Since the turbine housing is heated to significant temperatures by hot exhaust gases, between the compressor and intake manifold install a special radiator - intercooler. Lowering the temperature of the injected air increases its density, which makes it possible to obtain a more enriched air-fuel mixture. With the same cylinder volume, a turbocharged engine burns significantly more in one cycle. fuel mixture, which means more energy is released. It is due to this that they significantly exceed their atmospheric counterparts in power.

For information! Since everything internal parts Turbocharged engines experience significant mechanical and thermal loads during operation; more wear-resistant and heat-resistant materials are used for their manufacture. Because of this, the cost of the entire unit as a whole increases.

Pros and cons of naturally aspirated engines

The undoubted advantages of atmospheric engines include:

• Simplicity of design, which has been proven in practice for many decades. Repair and maintenance of such power units cost the owner much less (compared to similar operations for a turbocharged engine).
• Much greater resource uninterrupted operation before major repairs. At the right conditions operation and proper care, the lifespan of naturally aspirated engines is 2–4 times longer than that of turbocharged engines: 300,000–400,000 km is often not the limit of the “longevity” of such engines.
• Lower oil consumption, which, depending on driving style, usually does not exceed 200÷500 ml per 10,000 km of vehicle mileage. This is due to the absence of additional devices that require lubrication, as well as lower loads experienced by the rotating parts of the motor during operation.
• Unpretentiousness to the quality of the oil used. They work quite satisfactorily on semi-synthetic (and even mineral) motor oils. However, we should not forget that what better oil, the longer the engine life.
• The frequency of oil changes is not as frequent as with turbocharged engines, which must be done after a mileage of 15,000÷20,000 km.
• Less demanding on the quality of the fuel used. As a rule, many naturally aspirated engines can operate quite satisfactorily on AI92 gasoline.
• More fast warm-up in winter.

Naturally, like anyone technical unit, the naturally aspirated engine has its drawbacks (compared to turbocharged counterparts):

• Less (30÷50%) power with the same engine size.
• Large weight and dimensions.
• Lower environmental friendliness.
• Lower dynamic performance.

Advantages and disadvantages of turbocharged engines

The advantages of turbocharged engines (compared to naturally aspirated analogues) include:

• Higher power (usually 30÷50%) with the same working volume.
• Maximum torque in wide range rpm, which has a very positive effect on the dynamics of the car.
• Less weight and size with the same power. A turbocharged engine is much lighter and more compact than a naturally aspirated one. This allows for the most rational placement power unit and reduce the overall weight of the vehicle, which in turn contributes to fuel economy.
• Fast set of operating speeds due to the lower mass of rotating parts.
• High environmental friendliness, which is achieved through more complete combustion fuel in the engine cylinders.

The main disadvantages of turbocharged engines are:

• Less service life compared to naturally aspirated engines, which is due to the greater loads experienced by engine parts.
• Short turbine life. As a rule, after a run of 120,000÷150,000 km, it needs to be replaced (even if all the required operating rules are followed).
• The need to use only high-quality high octane fuel.
• Increased consumption oils, since turbine bearings heat up to very high temperatures during operation.
• The need to use only special high-temperature synthetic oils.
• More frequent oil changes (at least every 10,000 km).
• Long warm-up time in winter.

On a note! This drawback can be easily eliminated by installing a special preheater. However, this leads to additional material costs.

• High cost of repair and maintenance.

About fuel consumption

If you carefully read about the pros and cons of both engines (aspirated and turbocharged), then you were surprised that we didn’t say anything about fuel consumption. It is worth dwelling on this issue in a little more detail. Let's try to figure out which motor is more economical.

First, let's compare two engines with the same volume (for example, 1.4 liters). An atmospheric engine will consume on average about 6÷7 liters per 100 km, while a trumpet engine will require 8÷9 liters. However, at the same time, it develops a power 1.5 times greater than atmospheric. Conclusion: with the same working volume, the naturally aspirated engine is much more economical (after all, it not only “eats” less fuel, but also uses cheaper gasoline), but is significantly inferior in power to the turbocharged one.

Now let’s compare the fuel consumption of engines with the same power (for example, about 140÷150 hp). So many “horses” under the hood usually have a 2.0-liter naturally-aspirated engine or a 1.4-liter turbocharged engine. In the urban cycle, consumption conventional engine will be about 12÷14 liters per 100 km, for a turbocharged one - the same 8÷9 liters. Conclusion: even taking into account the lower cost of gasoline required for normal use naturally aspirated engine, a turbocharged engine is much more economical.

Which engine is better to choose a car with?

Both types of motors have both their advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it is impossible to say for sure which one is better. If you are a fan of aggressive driving, quick start from a standstill, love drive and are ready for significant maintenance costs, then the choice is clear - a car with a turbocharged engine. However, when leaning toward such a choice, you must remember that the engine of your vehicle(and especially the turbine) will “live” significantly less than its atmospheric counterpart. In addition, you must be sure that in your region you can easily purchase fuel High Quality, as well as special synthetic oils.

If your driving style is characterized by calm, forethought and caution, and you are also a practical and frugal person, then the excess power of a turbocharged engine is simply not gentle for you. But the reliability, ease of maintenance and durability of an atmospheric engine will significantly save the cost of its daily operation.

Sooner or later, every motorist will be faced with a choice: a car with which power plant, naturally aspirated or turbocharged, to give preference to. Undoubtedly, each of them has its own disadvantages and advantages. The material in this article will include information about what, in fact, is the difference between turbocharged and turbocharged engines, what are the pros and cons of these two engines, as well as what supercharging systems can be found on the engines.

Turbocharged and naturally aspirated engines - what is their difference?

Before considering the difference between a turbo engine and an “atmospheric” engine, it is necessary to at least superficially familiarize yourself with each of them. So, if we talk about an atmospheric engine, we can say that this is an internal combustion engine in which the following processes occur during operation: air, which is supplied through or, takes part in the formation of a combustible mass (1 part gasoline and 4 parts air), which, in its turn, ignites and creates energy, thanks to which all working parts of the motor are set in motion.

Interesting!First in automotive sector Turbochargers were used by truck manufacturers. In 1938, the first turbo engine for a truck rolled off the production line at Swiss Machine Works Sauer.

Speaking about the turbocharged engine, let's say that it first saw the light of day in 1905, and as an engine for passenger cars it began to be used in the mid-twentieth century. Such an engine operates on a specific principle, which involves the use of exhaust gases by a turbine installed on the engine to create forced air pressure, which is directed into the cylinders. This is where the flammable mixture is formed.

Due to the influence of pressure, fuel consumption in the cylinders occurs an order of magnitude faster than in an atmospheric engine, therefore the turbo engine is more powerful (power indicators are increased by an average of 10%).

The main difference between a turbine and an atmospheric engine is the principle by which air is supplied to the cylinders themselves.

The air mixture in an atmospheric engine passes on its own to where the pressure is lower. In this case, the air is directed into the cylinders when the atmosphere there is rarefied. In such a situation, the cylinder pistons move downwards and air is drawn in behind them. This principle is uncharacteristic for an engine, since it requires additional air flow. Thanks to a powerful fan, this air flow is ensured.

Now let's look at all the advantages and disadvantages of both power plants.

Aspirated engine: advantages

Interesting! Among all the advantages of an atmospheric engine, three of the most significant can be identified. Firstly, the naturally aspirated car boasts a long engine life. The service life of naturally aspirated engines (it doesn’t matter whether they are gasoline or diesel) is usually calculated in hundreds of thousands (!) of kilometers. In history There are some facts that some American-made atmospheric engines could “nurse” for 300-400, or, moreover, 500 thousand kilometers (!) without major repairs.

It is also known that some examples of record-breaking engines were installed on other cars due to the fact that the “native” one was already rotting (after reinstallation, they worked for tens of thousands of kilometers before major repairs!).

Secondly, naturally aspirated engines are quite easy to operate and reliable. Reliability, as well as ease of use, allows naturally aspirated engines to achieve such record-breaking figures. The design of atmospheric engines is quite simple, and they are quite “loyal” to the quality of fuel and motor oil: they are able to “digest” even the lowest quality gasoline. Of course, you shouldn’t abuse low-quality fuel, since in this case the “aspirated” engine can be overtaken by malfunctions, but, again, it can be repaired several times cheaper than the same turbocharged engine, which indicates the good maintainability of the unit.

Aspirated engine: disadvantages

In addition to many significant advantages, the naturally-aspirated power plant is not without its disadvantages. The disadvantages include the large mass of the unit itself and, conversely, less power in comparison with a “turbine” with the same volume.

Important! Among the disadvantages is the fact that when driving in mountainous areas (where the air is thin), such an engine simply will not be able to maintain high power.

In addition to all this, we note that a naturally aspirated car is inferior in dynamics to a turbocharged one.

Types of boost

Today there are several types of supercharging. The most common of them is (supercharging, which is produced by using the energy of exhaust gases), but we will talk about it later.

The second supercharging option is supercharging from a drive supercharger, which is known as SUPERCHARGER. Due to the fact that this blower has a complex supercharger design, and is also not reliable enough, it is very rarely used on modern engines. Although there are moments in which this supercharging can outperform turbocharging: it’s all about more high blood pressure supercharging that occurs at reduced conditions, as well as in the absence of the so-called “turbo lag” (a characteristic “failure” of power at the moment of sharp opening of the throttle valve).

The above defines the area in which the drive blower should be used: in most cases it is used on not very high-speed engines (for example, Ford or GM), although last years There is a tendency to use such supercharging on high-speed engines (for example, Mercedes).

Do you know? The world's first mass-produced passenger cars equipped with turbo engines were the Chevrolet Corvair Monza and Oldsmobile Jetfire. They went out to American market in 1962-1963. Although technical advantages were evident, the low level of reliability became the reason for the rapid disappearance of these models.

On Mazda cars, using diesel as fuel, a Comprex pressure exchanger is installed, thanks to which boost is provided due to the interaction of pressure and rarefaction waves propagating in the channels of the rotating rotor. Thanks to this type supercharging can achieve higher boost than other types of supercharging, but the complexity of the design has not allowed it to become widespread.

Turbocharged engine: advantages

Now let's figure out what advantages a turbo engine has. It is an undeniable fact that turbo engines are more powerful compared to naturally aspirated engines (with a similar displacement), and also have higher torque, due to which their dynamics are better. The advantages of this power plant environmental friendliness can also be attributed, since fuel combustion in the cylinders occurs more efficiently. In addition to all this, the turbo engine operates almost silently.

Turbocharged engine: disadvantages

Like a naturally aspirated engine, a turbocharged unit has its drawbacks. Firstly, it is extremely sensitive to the quality of the fuel, and also (special oil is intended to be used for this type of engine).

In addition, the service life of the oil in such a unit is reduced (by one and a half to two times in comparison with a naturally aspirated engine), since the turbo engine has to operate at higher temperatures. Based on the above, the owner of a car with a turbo engine needs to very carefully monitor the condition of the oil and filter, and also systematically change them, guided by the manufacturer’s recommendations. In addition, it is necessary to constantly monitor the air filter - clogging of the latter can significantly impair the operation of the compressor.

Another rather significant disadvantage in our time is increased (due to the fact that a larger volume of air is used to form the mixture in the cylinders, a larger volume of fuel is supplied there).

Interesting to know! The most fast car nowadays is Bugatti Veyron Super Sport! The maximum speed of this “trotter” reaches 431 km/h! The car accelerates to 100 kilometers in 2.4 seconds, and its power is 1200 horsepower. Such luxury can be purchased at a very “symbolic” price – $2,400,000! Well, what else can I say? high speed needs large investments!

Do not forget also that the turbo engine wears out faster if you immediately turn off the engine when the car is stopped. Based on this, if you do not want to be overtaken by engine repairs ahead of time, do not rush to suddenly turn off the engine, but give it the opportunity to run for a while idle speed so that the turbine cools down a little, and then you can turn it off.

Turbo engine - to buy or not to buy?

When choosing an engine, most motorists are tormented by the question: to take or not to take a turbo engine. Well, let's look at some situations. If you buy new car– pay attention to the one that comes with a turbo engine (it is both more powerful and more environmentally friendly).

If you're set on buying a used car, things get a little more complicated. To make a choice, you need to pay attention to the mileage, as well as the condition of the unit itself. If you notice that the meter of a car with a turbo engine has more than one hundred thousand mileage, you should not choose this option, as soon you will need to resort to repair work

or buy a new engine altogether. In any case, the choice is yours! Good luck with your purchases and smooth roads! What is the resource of a turbocharged engine? of this or that car is a question that is often sought for by drivers who want to buy a car at secondary market

. After all, no one wants to shell out a substantial amount for a major engine overhaul after purchase. Life time turbocharged diesel and gasoline engines quite large, but less than atmospheric. And the turbine, as practice shows, fails before the engine, requiring the most careful care. In this article we will look at what kind of resource turbo engines have modern cars

, and how to maximize it.

Do you want to know the service life of your car's turbo engine? We will diagnose the turbine and tell you in detail about the current state of affairs. If necessary, we will carry out competent maintenance of the turbocharger in full accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Turbocharged engine- a power unit that is equipped with a turbine, its main task is to pump air mass into the engine cylinders. Unlike atmospheric, which independently pumps air. A larger amount leads to better fuel combustion, which increases power. Thus, due to more high efficiency, a turbocharged engine, compared to an atmospheric one of the same volume, will be much more economical.

On this moment Turbochargers are found in almost all modern cars, from small gasoline engines to multi-liter V12 engines.

Advantages:

1. High power compared to atmospheric. Even with a smaller engine volume, higher power is achieved due to the air pumped by the turbine.
2. Fuel consumption is less than atmospheric. If you compare by horsepower, and not by the volume of the power unit.
3. Turbocharged engines are more compact.
4. There are 2 and 3 options cylinder engines, which in terms of power will be no weaker than atmospheric with 4 cylinders.

Flaws:

1. If you look at fuel consumption relative to volume, a turbo engine will “eat” more. For example, a 1.4 liter turbocharged petrol engine will consume more gasoline than a 1.4 liter naturally aspirated one. But at the same time it will be more powerful.
2. It is demanding on fuel quality, which is why there is often a reduction in the service life of a turbocharged engine.
3. Turbo engine resource also depends on the quality of the engine oil. It will not work to fill in mineral or semi-synthetic, only synthetic.
4. As practice shows, the turbine life is less engine, and averages 120-150 thousand km. And replacement is not cheap.
5. In winter, a car with a turbo engine requires mandatory warming up.
6. The need for turbine cooling. For this reason, it is not recommended to immediately turn off the engine after a trip; you need to let it run for a while. Idling.
7. Change oil and filters more often than atmospheric ones.

Turbine life is not very good less engine life, and then only with proper and constant care. The service life of a turbocharged engine is reduced due to ignoring the car manufacturer's recommendations for the care and maintenance of the turbocharger, or due to a malfunction of the power unit.

• Poor quality motor oil;
• Untimely replacement of oil and filters;
• Increased loads on a cold engine;
• Oil starvation.

This four main reasons, due to which the resource of a turbocharged engine is reduced several times.

It is necessary to understand that turbocharged engine, especially if it is small in volume, regularly works at the limit of its capabilities. After all, with a smaller volume, a turbo engine has the same power as an atmospheric one with a larger volume. Due to the fact that it takes on heavy loads, its wear accelerates.

Many car manufacturers assure that the service life of a turbocharged engine is approximately 150-200 thousand km. After this mileage, compression should be checked regularly and, if necessary, engine repairs are required.

However, this is less than 300 thousand km, which an aspirated vehicle travels without problems. And if all operating rules and recommendations are not followed, the service life of a turbo engine may not even reach 100 thousand km.

This resource is due to the fact that the naturally aspirated engine has simpler design and is not so demanding on the quality of engine oil and fuel, which cannot be said about a turbo engine. Moreover, even if it breaks down due to low quality fuel, restoration of atmospheric will cost significantly less than a similar engine with a turbine.

If the power unit is designed correctly, then the presence of turbocharging does not particularly affect the service life of the turbocharged engine. The car owner only needs to know the operating features of a turbo engine and remember a few important rules.

Instead of the required engine oil change interval of 10 thousand km, replace it at a mileage of 7.5 thousand km. Even with this mileage air filter will be very dirty. A dirty filter only increases resistance to air intake, as a result of which the performance of the turbocharger is significantly reduced.

Secondly, you should not skimp on the quality of engine oil. Fill the motor with what the manufacturer recommends in accordance with the tolerances.

Remember, the miser pays twice. And savings here are unacceptable, otherwise you risk reducing the life of the turbocharged engine.

Third, do not overload the motor unnecessarily. A calm and moderate ride is the key to the durability of not only the engine, but the car as a whole.

Fourth, after stopping the car, especially after a long trip, do not turn off the turbocharged engine. It needs to be allowed to idle for 1-2 minutes to allow the turbine to cool down. Because If you turn off the engine immediately, the engine oil pressure will disappear instantly, and the rapidly rotating rotor will be without lubrication for some time. Thus, the operating life of the turbine is greatly reduced.