The main production of which is located in America. It produces not only passenger cars (Mercury, Ford, Lincoln), but also trucks and various agricultural equipment.
Ford's history is uniquely connected with its discoverer, director and simply brilliant man, Henry Ford.
The birth of the company from 1900 to 1920
The company's location is a small factory specializing in the production of carriages. One of Henry Ford's first significant achievements was a sidecar for carrying passengers, called the Model A.
Its work was carried out at the expense of eight horsepower.
The car was considered the most advanced of all those on the market. The ease of its control attracted even the most demanding gentlemen. For the next five years, Henry Ford was constantly increasing the production of this type of transport. This served as a significant impetus. Models of wheelchairs were constantly modernized and improved. However, many of them never crossed the experimental level.
Henry Ford's company made a huge breakthrough in 1911. The “Iron Lizzie” car, newly created by the brilliant designer, became available to a huge number of the population. The second name of the car is “Model T”. In the auto industry, this modification was especially popular. The price component for the Model T fluctuated around two hundred and sixty dollars. During the year, approximately 11 thousand units of equipment were sold. Mass production of cars begins precisely after the appearance of Iron Lizzie on the car market, and the demand for personal vehicles
began to gain incredible momentum.
In parallel with the production of the famous model, some are being developed. These include ambulances, pickup trucks, mini buses and utility vehicles. To meet significant consumer demand, Henry Ford switches to conveyor production . The work of each participant in the process has a narrow focus; forces are not scattered to perform several phases of the process at once..
Second stage of development from 1920 to 1940
The rhythm of people's lives was constantly increasing, as was production capacity companies. Developers worked day and night on new inventions that would meet all the requirements of the population.
1932 was marked by the release of a monolithic eight-cylinder V-shaped power unit. The Ford company became a pioneer in the creation of such equipment. with such an engine have long been a priority for a huge number of Americans.
The video shows the history of the Ford brand:
Two years later, modified power unit appeared on many trucks.
During this same period, buyers begin to think about the safety of the car. This question becomes relevant for Henry Ford as well. The company's factories begin to produce safety glass. Risks of harm to the human body are constantly reduced to a minimum. Most of the company's policy is based on ensuring safety for both the driver and passengers.
People's love for the Ford brand is growing at an exorbitant pace. Cars occupy their own cell in America, as well as in Russia and Europe. are considered truly popular.
Period from forties to sixties
In the early forties, the company invested all its strength and power in creating a specialized military equipment. The production of civilian vehicles was temporarily suspended.
During the war period, the Ford plant produced 57 thousand aircraft engines, 86 thousand B-24 Liberator bombers and 250 thousand tanks.
In 1945, Henry Ford retired from business after long and fruitful years. He transfers all his rights to his grandson Henry Ford Jr. In 1947, the founder famous company dies on his own estate. At that time he was 83 years old.
However, the company, under the leadership of his grandson, is still thriving. was presented in 1949 at the New York car exhibition. It had a number of features:
- independent front suspension;
- smooth side panels;
- rear side windows capable of opening.
The standard of the future automotive design there was an integration of wings and body. The sale of these cars was a colossal breakthrough in the life of the company. The volume of units sold exceeded .
The company's profits began to rise at an accelerated pace. Accordingly, production capacity began to expand: new factories, laboratories, and testing grounds appeared.
The company is introducing itself into financial business, studies the features of insurance. It develops its activities in the fields of electronics and space technology. Today, Ford Corporation has 700 thousand shareholders..
Period from 1960 to 1980
The main direction of the corporation in the sixties was youth. Production is dominated by available sports cars with a modern and creative design.
Period since 1980
During this period, the competitiveness of other manufacturers increases significantly. To stay afloat, the corporation begins to implement latest technologies not only in passenger cars, but also in other industrial areas.
The main goal of the designers is to create a world leader for executive class. Average price segment also did not go unnoticed.
To demonstrate all its capabilities, the Ford company produces two models: Mercury Sable and Ford Taurus. All the details in the cars are absolutely perfect. As a result, the Taurus became the car of 1986. At the end of the eighties, both cars suffered devastating losses. All of America was on its knees before them.
Subsequent innovative models were the Ford Mondeo and the globally restyled Mustang. Galaxy minivans and F-series pickups appeared in Europe.
The main credo of the company: “While reducing production costs, strive for continuous improvement of our products.”
Nowadays, the Ford brand has earned recognition throughout the world. More than seventy factories produce. Among them are the most famous: Lincoln, Ford, Jaguar, Aston-Martin.
The Ford company, in addition to its own numerous production facilities, has a significant amount of shares in the Kia Motors Corporation and Mazda Motor Corporation.
The leaders of the American company do not rest on their laurels and are constantly working to improve their capabilities.
Ford is nothing more than the surname of the founder, Henry Ford. Henry grew up in a simple farming family in Dearborn, Michigan. Apparently this influenced the direction of his future company; he began to produce available cars for everyone, as well as trucks and other agricultural equipment. Subsequently, the company's headquarters were built there, in Dearborn.
IN Ford Motor Company, which was formed in 1903, but the first especially lucky car was coded "T" in 1908. This model was so successful that the company’s endlessly growing factories still could not cope with the flow of orders; by the end of the year, 10 thousand 660 units were sold, which broke all records of that time.
Since 1913, Ford has been the first in the world to introduce such things as standardization of interchangeable parts and assembly line production in its production. The second, by the way, allowed the company to increase productivity by about one and a half times. Wages are also rising, followed by productivity in general. By 1914, half a million cars were already produced popular model“T”, and in 1923 every second car owner in America was driving it. Around the same years, the company was actively expanding its production around the world, and also cooperated with Soviet Russia. And despite the fact that Henry himself had a negative attitude towards the October Revolution, he believed that the Russians had a great future.
The Lincoln company was acquired by the Fords in 1922, and management was entrusted to the elder Edsel Ford. By the end of the 20s, the public would get tired of the monotony of models of one “T” and this allowed other companies to get a little ahead. Ford tries to correct the situation with Model A, but to no avail. And in 1929, the Great Depression completely reduced all sales, and accordingly, wages fell by half. But by 1932, the company managed to assemble the world's first V-shaped monolithic V8 engine, and due to their great reliability, it allowed the company to break ahead for many years.
During the war years (1942-1947), Ford, like many companies, stopped producing cars for the people and began a program to help the front. In less than 3 years, the following were produced: 8,600 Liberator V-24 four-engine heavy bombers; more than 500 thousand tanks; 57 thousand aircraft; anti-tank installations and other military equipment. This grandiose program was launched by Edsel Ford, despite the fact that before the war, under his management, there was some stagnation in the company's affairs. But in 1945, the younger Henry Ford arrived and brought a new twist to the family business. The first thing he does is reorganize the hiring of employees, with the help of system analysts and methods such as “brainstorming”. And by 1949, the company again broke all sales records, having sold 807 thousand of its cars. The company's income almost doubles. The construction of dozens of new factories, testing grounds, warehouses and even research laboratories has begun.
In 1955, the Thunderbird and Mustang models, which became classics, were launched into production. Ten years later, a four-door version of the Mustang appears. This “horse” has simply become an icon for Americans. In just 100 days after the start of sales, more than one hundred thousand pieces were sold.
In 1968, the company announced itself in sports world racing cars, namely its 1.6-liter Escort Twin Cam model. This car has been winning all over the world for several years, including Denmark, Scotland, Ireland, Austria, Finland.
Since the start of production of the Ford Econoline E series utility vehicles, which began in 1976, they began to introduce some elements similar to SUVs.
In the same 1976, the Fiesta series began, which has existed until now. Of course, this became possible only thanks to several restalings, which were carried out, for example, in 1995 and 99.
Also from those years of production is the “workhorse” Crown Victoria, which has been widely used in the police, taxi services and the like for many years. Debuted in 1978, new model 1990, updated appearance in 1998.
Since 1990, the range of models has further increased with the purchase of the Jaguar company, and a year later, together with the Germans from Volkswagen, a multi-purpose model called Ford Galaxy.
In the same year the first one appears Ford Explorer, with sales of over four hundred thousand per year. In 2001, the model was updated.
New safety standards are being introduced with Ford Mondeo in 1993, the following year this car was nominated Car of the Year in Europe and became the best-selling car.
The purchase of shares ends in 1994 Aston Martin-Lagonda.
No less famous model among others, Ford Focus, first appears at an exhibition in Geneva in 1998.
Ford Motor Motor Company), American car company, specializing in the production passenger cars brands "Ford", "Mercury", "Lincoln", trucks, various agricultural equipment. Ford owns Jaguar. The headquarters is located in Dearborn (Michigan), not far from where Henry Ford's parents once farmed.
The company was founded by Henry Ford in 1903 and, according to its creator, was immediately intended to produce a mass-produced cheap car. Initially this was the Model “A”, in 1908 it was replaced by the Model “T”, dubbed “Tin Lizzie” by caricaturists. The success of the new model was so great that Ford's ever-expanding enterprises could not cope with orders. In the first year of production of this model, 10,660 cars were sold, which broke all records in automotive industry that time.
In 1913, Ford Motor, for the first time in the world, introduced a method of standardization of interchangeable parts of products and conveyor technology for assembling cars, which made it possible to increase labor productivity by 40-60% in just one year. At the same time, the wages of workers and office workers increased so much that they were twice the industry average. Enterprises are introducing an eight-hour working day. By mid-1914, 500 thousand Model Ts were produced; by 1923, every second car in America was made at Ford Motor factories.
In the 1920-1930s, Ford Motor actively opened branches in many countries of the world, including cooperation with Soviet Russia (creation of GAZ and AMO plants). Although Henry Ford had a sharply negative attitude towards the October Revolution, he nevertheless believed that Russia had a great future if it took the path of industrial development.
In 1922, Ford Motor acquired the Lincoln Company, the management of which was entrusted to Edsel Ford. The elder Ford's authoritarian management style became a favorite target of the left-wing press, and Ford's refusal to tolerate unions at his plants sparked a campaign of harassment. At the same time, by the end of the 1920s, Americans were tired of the monotonous Model T. Competitors from General Motors are pushing ahead, Ford Motor is responding with the Ford A model, the popularity of which still lags behind Chevrolet and Buick.
The Great Depression of 1929 sharply reduces car sales. Wages are halved.
In 1932, mass production of V-shaped 8-cylinder engines began. Ford Motor Company becomes the first company to produce a monolithic eight-cylinder block. It will be many years before Ford's competitors can launch mass production reliable V-8 engines. Meanwhile, the Ford car and its reliable engine have become favorites of practical Americans. An assembly plant opened in Cologne.
Comparatively successful was the Mercury line of cars, launched in 1938. The company is nominally run by Edsel Ford, but his authority is not comparable to that of his father. Business began to stagnate, which lasted until the start of World War II, when military orders improved matters.
From 1942 to 47, the production of civilian vehicles stopped abruptly, because... the company devoted all its efforts to military needs. The mammoth wartime program started by Edsel Ford produced 8,600 four-engine V-24 Liberator bombers, 57,000 aircraft engines, and more than a quarter of a million tanks, anti-tank guns, and other military equipment in less than three years.
After the brief reign of old man Ford (Edsel died in 1943), power passed to Henry Ford II in 1945, who inspired new life to the company.
Ford Jr. reorganizes the recruitment system, uses brainstorming methods known to him from the war to develop the company's strategy, inviting a group of systems analysts.
In 1949, Ford Motor Company sold approximately 807,000 vehicles, increasing its profits from $94 million (the previous year) to $177 million, its highest sales since 1929. Henry Ford II's postwar reorganization program quickly restored the company to health. The result was the construction of 44 manufacturing plants, 18 assembly plants, 32 parts warehouses, two huge test sites and 13 engineering and research laboratories in the USA.
The launch of the Thunderbird series in 1955 and the now classic Mustang series strengthened Ford Motor's financial position. The attractive 1965 Mustang 4-passenger became America's favorite car. In the first 100 days, 100,000 of these cars were sold. Total sales for the year amounted to 418,812 cars, which brought the company $1 billion in profit.
In 1968, the first 1.6-litre Escort Twin Cam began its racing career, opening the season successfully and winning the Irish circuit, Danish Tulip, Austrian Alps, Acropolis and Rally Scotland over an eight-week period. By the end of its first season, the Escort had won the famous 1000 Lakes Rally in Finland, helping Ford gain a strong position in the World New Car Rally Championship. System implementation electronic control vehicle speed. Models with the Twin Cam Escort design continued to win around the world in 1969 and 1970.
Very common in the 1970-1980s, Western European Ford model Taunus/Cortina. Production of the Ford Taunus/Cortina family of station wagons (Kombi) began back in 1970 (in Germany, models called Taunus existed since 1963). The car was produced in almost all of the then European Ford factories, and the name Cortina was assigned to the English version with right-hand drive. In January 1976, the second generation Taunus/Cortina model, which was significantly redesigned, went into production.
Since 1976, with the start of production of Ford Econoline bonneted cargo-passenger models E-series new generation began to use chassis elements, engines and transmissions similar to F-series SUVs and pickup trucks. In 1992, they introduced new range comfortable 7-, 8-, 12- and 15-seater all-metal minibuses and four-door box vans.
The Fiesta family has existed for over 20 years - the first generation appeared back in 1976. The life path of the current generation models, which began in Geneva Motor Show-89, nearing sunset. Over the course of 11 years, the Fiesta family has undergone major restyling twice (in 1995 and 1999), thanks to which it remains quite modern to this day.
Crown Victoria is one of the popular models in the USA (in the police, taxis, rentals, secondary market). Made in Canada. The model debuted in 1978. The new generation of the car was released in December 1990. Appearance update - 1998.
The 1980 full-size Bgonco station wagon was a four-wheel drive pickup truck with a short wheelbase. The cross-country ability turned out to be quite high, so the model remained popular for a long time (in particular in Alaska), even after the appearance of more modern models. Vgopso became one of the leaders in the first half of the 1990s Russian market among used cars of this type. In 1990, the more practical five-door Ford Explorer station wagons were put on the assembly line to replace the Bropso models.
Ford Escort It is produced in the USA and Europe, as well as in Argentina, in three body styles: a five-seat sedan, a five-door station wagon and a ZX2 coupe. The generation of front-wheel drive European Ford Escort (Mod. 80) with a transverse engine was introduced in August 1980. Production American Ford Escort and Mercury Lynx continued until the summer of 1990. They were replaced by models developed on the platform Japanese Mazda 323. In January 1995, the design of the car was improved, a 4x4 version with a 1.6 liter engine appeared (production of the 4x4 model was discontinued in 1997). A convertible was introduced in 1998.
In September 1982, models of the rear-wheel drive Sierra family with five-door hatchback and station wagon (Kombi) bodies went on sale, and the start of production of the three-door all-wheel drive model(XR4x4) with a 2.8-liter V6 engine was delayed until September 1983.
In November 1986, the 4x4 version of the Ford Scorpio was launched. At the very end of 1991, a presentation took place roomy station wagon Scorpio Turnir. In the summer of 1998, production of Scorpio was stopped, and the European branch of Ford decided to make the Mondeo model the flagship of the company.
Since the mid-1980s, the Taurus has been produced. This model was named Car of the Year 1986, and in 1987 it became a best seller in America. Streamlined cars with a futuristic design with the beautiful names Taurus and Sable became a major milestone in Ford's transition to the production of a new generation of cars of the 80s - economical (in full compliance with the standards established by Congress), high-tech and aesthetically perfect.
In the same year, a 75% stake in Aston Martin-Lagonda was purchased.
The purchase of the Jaguar company in 1990 further increases the range of Ford models, which in terms of comfort are in no way reminiscent of the “Tin Lizzie”, and a year later, for the production of the Ford Galaxy multi-purpose car, it was created joint venture with the German corporation Volkswagen.
The company is open to innovation and change; It’s interesting that Ford Motor, a pioneer in introducing the conveyor belt, was the first among large corporations and abandoned it, since modern workers are more efficient in doing work that has an element of independent creativity.
The Ford Explorer, which debuted in January 1990, is in size between the competing Blazer models and Tahoe and for many years has been the best-selling SUV among all SUVs in the North American market (approximately 400 thousand per year). The debut of the new Explorer generation for the 2001 model year.
In 1993, the Ford Mondeo model was released, which immediately set new safety standards in its class. Already in next year this car was voted Car of the Year in Europe and became a favorite among buyers. The Windstar minibus was also new for 1994. In the same year, the purchase of the remaining shares of Aston Martin-Lagonda took place.
Ford Windstar was first shown in January 1994. In 1998, the model was restyled. Produced in Canada.
The first show of the Ford EUROPE Galaxy model took place in February 1995 in Geneva. Presented at the Geneva Motor Show 2000 modernized model with updated design.
In 1996, the 250 millionth car rolled off the company's assembly line. The implementation of the Ka model has begun.
Ford EUROPE Puma, sports coupe small class, created on the basis Ford Fiesta, was first presented at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1997.
FORD Focus, which, according to a long tradition, bears the name Turnier. The European premiere of the car with a hatchback body took place at the beginning of 1998 in Geneva.
In 1998, Ford Motor Company became the world's second largest manufacturer of passenger cars and trucks according to the total indicator.
In 2000, an international jury of 126 automotive journalists, summing up the results of the unprecedented competition "Car of the Century" ("Car of the Century"), elected the legendary Ford T as "The Car of All Time". Tin Lizzie became the first a car, the assembly of which was carried out on an assembly line on a mass scale. The new method made it possible to begin large-scale production of machines, improve their quality and sharply reduce costs. Exactly conveyor assembly made the car a means of transportation accessible to everyone. And the first in the row really serial cars It was a Ford model.
Compact SUV Ford Escape was first presented as a prototype in January 2000 in Detroit. The development was carried out jointly with Mazda. Car production is carried out at a plant in Kansas City.
Ford EUROPE Maverick, compact all-wheel drive SUV, the European equivalent of the Ford Escape. Since 2000, it has been produced jointly with Mazda on the basis of the Mazda Tribute. New Ford The Maverick combines the characteristics of an SUV and a road car.
2001 - the company represents fundamentally new model Ford Mondeo. Its appearance can be considered a revolutionary event. This car, developed by the European branch of the Ford Motor Company, was created on the basis of fundamentally new design technologies. The essence of this technical revolution is the powerful software product, called SZR, which is a complex of computer design systems, computer-aided design and an extensive information database.
Today, Ford Motor Company has its own production, assembly and shopping centers in 30 countries of the world. The company produces millions of cars, trucks and tractors annually and is a leader car sales outside North America. Ford Motor Company sells more than 70 various models cars around the world, produced under ford brands, Lincoln, Mercury, Jaguar and Aston Martin. The company also has shares in Mazda Motor Corporation and Kia Motors n.Corporatio
In the "Big Three" of the American automobile business Ford Motor takes an honorable second place in terms of sales volumes.
The FORD automobile company was founded in 1903 by Henry Ford and his associates. Henry Ford - engineer, designer, son of an Irish immigrant. At the same time, the first emblem was invented - FORD MOTOR CO.
Henry always dreamed of creating such a car that any simple worker could buy it.
Henry Ford's first car
Henry Ford's first car was a sidecar with gasoline engine, to which he gave the name Model "A".
Stroller - the car was two or four seater, with the ability to cover the top. The speed of this car was 72 kilometers per hour. This car was replaced by the Model C in 1904. The Model C was a little bigger and better looking.
The Model N was released in 1906 and was considered expensive car. Based on the Model N car, another one was released inexpensive car, model R. Model S of the same inexpensive series in 1907. The N series (inexpensive) cars were produced only until the end of 1907.
Model "T"
In 1908 he created another one - model “T”, with a more beautiful name “tin Lizzie” and with inexpensive price. It was “Tin Lizzie” that became the basis of success. The merit of the new model was so great that Ford had to expand the enterprise, but this did not help either.
There were a lot of orders, and the company could not cope. During the year the Tin Lizzie company operated, more than 10,660 cars were sold. This became a record in automotive production those years. The production of Lisi's model pushed him closer to his dream.
Conveyor technology method for assembling cars
FORD Company in 1913, for the first time in the world, she introduced the method of conveyor technology for assembling cars at the enterprise, which made it possible to increase labor productivity by 60 percent per year. The wages of workers and employees could be doubled and the working day could accordingly be increased to eight hours. In 1914, 500 thousand cars were already produced from the assembly line. Model "T" - LIZZY.
Henry Ford and his son bought the company from its partners and became the only owner of FORD MOTOR CO by the end of 1919. In 1927, the company logo became an oval with an inscription.
Cooperate with Russia
From the 1920s to the 30s, the Ford company opened and established production in many countries around the world. And he begins to cooperate closely with Russia. Helps Russia in creating the GAZ plant.
Ford Motor made a profitable acquisition in the form of the Lincoln Company, which was run by Henry Ford's son Adel Ford in 1920.
The beginning of the management of the company by the younger Ford Eidel brought no small merit in this industry.
Since 1932, he created and mass-produced V shaped engine with eight working cylinders. This made the company the first among its competitors. Then he released a new model, Mercury, launching it into production with an eight-cylinder engine in 1938.
In 1942, production of automobiles for civilians abruptly stopped in favor of production for the war. The company began producing military equipment and managed to succeed.
War makes adjustments
For 3 years during the war, the company produced many bombers, aircraft engines and several tens of thousands of tanks and anti-tank installations. In 1943, Adel Ford died and his father, Henry, took over the company again.
Father Ford breathed new life into the company, organized a recruitment system, and invited a group of systems analysts. This improves the company's productivity.
By 1949, car sales had increased, almost 807 000 cars were sold after the company's renewal. Profits also increased from $94 million to $177 million.
Following the war's company renewal program, Henry Ford was able to quickly restore the company's production. During this time, 44 factories, 18 assembly plants, 32 parts warehouses, two test sites and 13 engineering research laboratories were built in the United States.
Production of models began, such as THUNDERBIRD, and in 1955 the MUSTANG car. In 100 days, 100,000 MUSTANG cars were sold.
FORD cars over all the years of existence they have earned worldwide recognition. The development of the company itself continues in our time. Every year new Ford cars are born.
