The legendary "penny" or how the first "Zhiguli" was made. The history of "Zhiguli": a symbol of the past century History of the car VAZ 2101

Engine 1.2l, 8-cl. 1.2l, 8-cl. 1.3l, 8 cl.
Length, mm 4073 4043 4043
Width, mm 1611 1611 1611
Height, mm 1440 1440 1440
Wheelbase, mm 2424 2424 2424
Front track, mm 1349 1349 1349
Back track, mm 1305 1305 1305
Clearance, mm 170 170 170
Minimum trunk volume, l 325 325 325
Body type / number of doors Sedan / 4
Engine location Front, longitudinally
Engine volume, cm 3 1198 1198 1300
Cylinder type Inline
Number of cylinders 4 4 4
Piston stroke, mm 66 66 66
Cylinder diameter, mm 76 76 79
Compression ratio 8,5 8,5 8,5
Number of valves per cylinder 2 2 2
Supply system Carburetor
Power, hp / rev. min. 64/5600 64/5600 70/5600
Torque 89/3400 89/3400 96/3400
Fuel type AI-92 AI-92 AI-92
Drive unit Rear Rear Rear
Gearbox type / number of gears Manual transmission / 4 Manual transmission / 4 Manual transmission / 4
Gear ratio of the main pair 4,3 4,1 4,1
Front suspension type Double wishbone
Rear suspension type Coil spring
Steering type Worm gear
Fuel tank volume, l 39 39 39
Maximum speed, km / h 140 142 145
The equipped mass of the car, kg 955 955 955
Permissible total weight, kg 1355 1355 1355
Tires 155 SR13 165/70 SR13 155 SR13
Acceleration time (0-100 km / h), s 22 20 18
Fuel consumption in the urban cycle, l 9,4 9,4 11
Extra-urban fuel consumption, l 6,9 6,9 8
Combined fuel consumption, l 9,2 9,2 -

Short description and history

It is the VAZ 2101 that is the oldest model of the Volga Automobile Plant, with which the history of the domestic auto industry began. On April 19, 1970, the first compact car rolled off the assembly line of the plant. The model was based on the 1966 Fiat 124 model year. In fact, the first "kopecks" were practically Italian cars, because the technical characteristics of the VAZ 2101 and fait 124 did not differ much from each other: a 1.2-liter engine and an entry-level interior trim. There was practically no difference between the cars.

In the future, domestic auto designers have significantly modified the design of the car for the operating conditions in our country. The ground clearance has been increased because the quality of the road surface did not always allow you to move with convenience and comfort. The body and suspension were significantly strengthened, thereby improving the technical characteristics of the VAZ 2101. Rear disc brakes from fiat were replaced with drum brakes. This was due to their durability and resistance to dust and dirt, which was always enough.

Almost everything has undergone changes, including the design of the engine. The distance between the cylinders was increased (this made it possible to bore the diameter of the cylinders), the camshaft was moved to the cylinder head. In addition to the engine, the clutch, gearbox, and rear suspension have undergone changes. As a result, the vehicle's weight has increased by 90 kg. In total, there were more than 800 changes and differences in the design of the VAZ 2101.

From 1970 to 1986, about three million VAZ 2101 cars were assembled at the plant. 19 years after the car left the assembly line, the first commercial copy took pride of place in the AvtoVAZ museum.

Tuning VAZ 2101

The appearance in the network of spy photos of the new "Kopeyka" VAZ 2101 came as a surprise to many. Modern design, more than worthy technical characteristics, a possible release by the end of 2017 - all this caused the information rush. What can you expect from a domestic manufacturer?

Appearance analysis

The exterior of the new car is in many ways similar to the classic American Mustang models and new developments from Mercedes. The exterior is a harmonious combination of retro style and aerodynamic requirements. It is worth noting the smoothness of the lines, the low stance of the car, the enlarged wheel arches.

When analyzing the photo of the new "Kopeyka" 2101, the following features can be distinguished:

  • recognizability of the classic form;
  • stylish radiator grill;
  • minimalist design of the back - square lights, straight lines;
  • unique body stamping on the sides;
  • new headlights with reflectors;
  • wide air intake;
  • good rear visibility.

Photos of the interior have not yet hit the Web, so it is impossible to evaluate it. If it matches the exterior style of the model, the interior should harmoniously combine classic controls, convenience and new technologies.

Possible characteristics of the new "Penny"

There is little information about the configuration and configuration options of the 2101 "Zhiguli" 2017. Judging by the latest data, this will be the most powerful model of the entire Lada line. How much this corresponds to reality - time will tell.

To date, the following data are known:

  • Power point. Power - 200 HP, turbocharging.
  • Fuel consumption - 6 liters. in the urban cycle.
  • Transmission - mechanics or "automatic".

Body dimensions practically do not differ from the original model. But it will be possible to judge this only after the official release.

Release date and cost

Judging by external data and known characteristics, the price of the new "Kopeyka" VAZ 2101 Zhiguli in 2017 will be above average. According to the available information on the cost and the beginning of the release will be announced only at the end of this year.

The price should depend on the following factors:

  • possible configuration options;
  • the cost of the model;
  • characteristics of the materials used;
  • options installed for a fee.

After the official presentation, the release date of the new model should be announced. Then the first samples will go to car dealerships. And then, on the basis of the available information and real feedback, it will be possible to judge the prospects of the new "Kopeyka".

Exposure

All of the above information, including photos, is nothing more than a free flight of imagination. AvtoVAZ has no plans to resume production of 2101 in any version. This was announced earlier, when the manufacturer was preparing to celebrate the 45th anniversary of the release of the first model.

To expose this news, it is enough to find the source of one of the photographs, compare it and a copy.

The next factor is the technical capabilities of Auto VAZ. The existing equipment is not designed for the mass production of such body elements. The most a manufacturer can do is create a prototype. But there is no information on this on his official website. If the car really existed, there would be an official presentation or news.

For a final refutation, you can analyze the technical nuances of the description:

  • Power plant 200 hp turbocharged. Alas, such units are not produced by the plant. The height of the cylinder blocks will not allow this.
  • Wheelbase. For this model, it is necessary to develop a fundamentally new framework. The existing bases, judging by the photo, will not work.
  • Fuel consumption. Leading European manufacturers cannot achieve such results - 6 liters per 100 km for a 200 hp engine. These values ​​contradict each other.

A similar fake news can be made on the basis of an independent supercar design project from AvtoVAZ "Voron".

In fact, this image and all the ones presented above are nothing more than skillful work in a graphic editor.

Only once the manufacturer showed the project of the new "Kopeyka".

But this car remained only in a draft version. Therefore, talk about the appearance of an updated version 2101 impractical. It is enough to compare the really spy photos of any new model of the European manufacturer with the presented images.

In 1966, an agreement was signed between the Soviet Union and the Italian company Fiat on the joint construction of an automobile plant and the production of a model there. A year later, the construction of a new enterprise began in Togliatti, and in 1970 the first cars came off the assembly line of the plant.

The sedan, called the VAZ-2101 "Zhiguli", had a classic layout typical of those years, and during the preparation for serial production many changes were made to its design. For example, unlike the Fiat, the Soviet car was equipped with an engine not with a lower, but with an upper camshaft. The 1.2-liter engine itself developed 64 liters. with. In addition, the Zhiguli received a reinforced clutch, an upgraded four-speed gearbox, a modified rear dependent suspension, and rear drum brakes instead of disc brakes.

In 1974, the production of the VAZ-21011 modification began with a 1.3-liter engine with a capacity of 69 liters. with. Also, this version was distinguished by the shape of the bumpers, modified rear lights and the presence of a reversing light, steering wheel and seats of a different shape. Since 1977, version 21013 has also been made in Togliatti with the listed external changes, but with the same 1.2-liter engine. In small quantities, mainly for the police, the VAZ-21016 with a 1.5-liter power unit was produced.

In the late seventies - early eighties "kopeck" cost 6600 rubles. "Zhiguli" were sold not only in the USSR, but were also exported under the names Lada 1200 and Lada 1300. For the markets of Great Britain and some other countries, versions with right-hand drive were also made.

On the basis of the "penny" a station wagon and a sedan were created, and subsequently a series of other models of the "classic" family. The production of the VAZ-2101 modification continued until 1982, version 21011 was made until 1983, and 21013 until 1988. A total of 2,710,930 Zhiguli of the first model were produced.

30 years after industrialization, possessing one of the most powerful economies in the world, having created an atomic bomb and launching a man into space, the USSR buys a full production cycle car plant for foreign currency on credit for the production of a foreign small car. How could this happen?

By the end of the 60s, fundamental problems had already emerged in the country's economy, which, 20 years later, brought the largest superpower on the planet to its grave. Many gigantic construction projects and large-scale projects have failed. The economic reform raised food purchase prices and workers' wages. Demands of the population grew, and there were fewer and fewer competitive goods. It was time for scarcity. The opened flow of petrodollars delayed the ending of this drama, but could not influence its natural outcome.

Money is the blood of the economy. Salaries, for which nothing can be bought and which settle under the mattresses of workers, not only force the State Bank to issue the ruble, but also make the political situation unstable. The country was in dire need of a massive, high-quality and expensive consumer goods, which would become visible evidence of an increase in living standards and could attract citizens' savings. The new car was ideally suited to these requirements. Later it became clear that the calculation was correct: even at a price of four annual average salaries of a Soviet citizen, the firstborn of the Volga Automobile Plant instantly became a deficit - the future car enthusiast had to wait several years to buy it.

It was not easy to choose the best candidate for the role of the people's car. European innovations were not suitable for a huge country with different climatic zones, bad roads, undeveloped infrastructure, low production culture, outdated GOST standards and low quality of fuels and lubricants.

Original Fiat 124, as you can see, the car has a lower fit, there are no exterior mirrors, another form of false radiator grille and other door handles. Comparative tests of the applicants were carried out at the Dmitrov test site. Italian Fiat 124 as well as French Renault R16 and . For comparison, we also tested Ford Taunus 12M, Morris 1100 and Skoda MB 1000... The domestic auto industry was represented by Moskvich and Zaporozhets. According to the test results, the French Renault and Peugeot were noticeably ahead of the Italian sedan. But they love some and marry others. It suddenly turned out that the choice does not lie in the technical plane, but is dictated by the foreign policy interests of the state. “Leonid Ilyich personally” intervened with a recommendation to pay attention to Italian cars. Of course, it was impossible not to listen to such a high opinion, and the contract with the Italians was signed in August 1966. The loan rate was reduced to 5.6% per annum. The fact that through the KGB agents they launched disinformation about successful negotiations with the Renault concern played a role.

THE NAME "ZHIGULI" PROVED TO BE SOUND WITH THE FRENCH SOLO "SUTENER", "ALFONSE"

Can be unmistakably distinguished by the bumper with fangs and white sidelights. At the very first modification - 21011 - “the fangs- disappeared and the diffusers turned orange, as prescribed by the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic. The front dimensions (then they were called "sidelights") are equipped with two-filament lamps: weak light - side light, bright - direction indicator. The outside rear-view mirror was installed at the insistence of Soviet designers: it was not on the Fiat 124. The first cars did not have a ring signal button. The Italian designers were convinced that the driver of a reliable European car did not need either a pressure gauge or an ammeter.

Even Renault apologists agreed that Fiat's choice, if not ideal, was at least not a failure. Autumn 1966 Fiat 124 became a laureate of the Paris Motor Show, in 1967 he was awarded the title "Car of the Year".
But the Fiat 124 samples brought to the USSR collapsed at the very beginning of the tests at the test site. The run on the "Belgian" paving stones turned out to be fatal for the front suspension arms. The sand, which was sprinkled with icy roads, rubbed the rear disc brakes 600 kilometers away. For a week of testing, the body cracked, the rear axle broke. It seemed that the runabout from Turin was not destined to conquer the Siberian winter roads and the Kazakh steppes, she could not stand the muddy country road of the Non-Black Earth Region. A long process of strengthening all the weak points of the car began.

At first, Italian engineers were dismissive of the advice of specialists from NAMI. But they quickly realized how valuable the test results and peer recommendations were. In Italy, they even built an analogue of a test cobblestone pavement from the Dmitrovsky proving ground. The changes have affected almost all components of the car. Strengthened front suspension. Changed the attachment points of the rubber bumpers. The rigidity of the body has been drastically increased. The design of the rear axle and suspension has been improved. We did not lose sight of hundreds of details - from the emblem on the radiator grille to the sub-jacks. The real battle unfolded for the engine. The Italians offered a motor with a lower camshaft. Soviet specialists insisted on the launch of a new promising engine with an overhead camshaft into production. At some point, the Italians proposed a compromise: to start with the production of lower-bed engines, and after the end of the tests in Italy of a new motor, to install a technological line for its production at the Volzhsky plant free of charge. But Soviet engineers turned out to be adamant and insisted on an overhead motor as the only one for the new car. All experiments with shields, which were designed to shelter the rear brake discs from dirt flying from under the front wheels, were unsuccessful. Reluctantly, Fiat residents replaced their pride - rear disc brakes with drum brakes. Ultimately, all the comments of the Soviet side were eliminated by the Italians. Designers from Turin even created an emblem for the Volzhsky Automobile Plant, based on the Cyrillic letter "B", stylized as a boat. On the radiator grill of the first cars there was a nameplate with a boat and the signature "TOGLIATTI". Curious fact: the first batch of emblems received from Turin came with an error: the Italians wrote in a hurry “ TOLRTTI ". Later, the name of the city under the boat was removed altogether, so that the first emblems are now highly valued by collectors.

VAZ-2101 "Zhiguli"
Years of issue: 1970-1988 Issued: 4 million 850 thousand pieces.
Body: load-bearing, steel, 4-door 5-seater sedan
Engine: in-line, four-cylinder, displacement 1200 cm3, petrol, OHV, carburetor, compression ratio 8.5: 1
Maximum power: 64 hp at 5600 rpm
Transmission: mechanical four-speed, driving wheels - rear

Front suspension: independent, on wishbones and coil springs, with telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers and torsion bar; rear: dependent, spring on four longitudinal and one transverse levers, with telescopic shock absorbers

Steering: double roller globoid worm
Brakes: hydraulic, two independent circuits, front disc, rear drum
Length: 4073 mm, width: 1611 mm, height: 1440 mm, wheelbase: 2424 mm

Curb weight: 955 kg

Maximum speed: 140 km / h

Price in 1970: 5500 rubles

Price now: 50 thousand - 500 thousand rubles

For a new car, not only a new plant was being built - in parallel, a network of related enterprises was created, equipment from suppliers was updated, and GOSTs were rewritten. Other oils and lubricants appeared, the production of new plastics was mastered. What happened, for which, in fact, bought Fiat: the automotive industry of the USSR entered a new technological level. Even the factory index of the car - VAZ-2101 - laid the foundation for a new system of designation and classification of cars in the Union. VAZ - Volzhsky Automobile Plant. 21 - small car. 01 is the first model in this class.

The name of the new car did not appear immediately either. In November 1968, Za Rulem magazine announced a competition for the name of a new runabout. Readers sent tens of thousands of options, among them were "Directive", "Memorial", "Novorozhets", "VIL 100" (in honor of the centenary of V. I. Lenin). The name "Lada" was immediately suggested by more than one and a half thousand readers of the magazine. Then few knew that the competition was being held in vain: back in 1967 the name "Zhiguli" was approved by the director of the plant Polyakov. And Fiat was tasked with developing a stylized lettering for the car's decoration. Later, when the cars are exported, the Zhiguli will still be replaced by Lada: the name of the Volga cliffs turned out to be consonant with the French nightingale “pimp”, “gigolo”.

The car plant, which took six years to build, was built in three years. The construction was announced as a shock Komsomol construction site. There was no shortage of people or funding. After the completion of construction, the labor collectives of the new enterprise were formed from former builders. They were in a hurry to launch: the first Zhiguli had to be made for the centenary of Lenin - on April 22, 1970. We managed even with a margin: on April 19, the first test batch of cars rolled off the assembly line. Of course, the conveyor did not start working in full force right away. For some time, the cars were assembled from components received from Italy - one and a half thousand car sets were bought together with the plant. The first echelon to Moscow was loaded with finished products only in the fall, by the November holidays.

Car enthusiasts greeted the car with enthusiasm. The magazine "Za Rulem" long before the appearance of "Zhiguli" on the streets told in detail about the new car. It was surprising that a car designed in Italy starts in frost more confidently than domestic cars. The reason for this was the excellent two-barrel carburetor. This "Zhigulevsky" carburetor will then be fitted by motorists on the Volga, the Muscovites, and even the Zaporozhets. Pleased with the resource. The engine had a full support crankshaft, i.e. on both sides of each crank were the main necks. Developed main and connecting rod bearings distributed dynamic loads well. Effective oil purification with a new standard filter (it was immediately called "Zhigulevsky") also contributed to an increase in the resource. The air filter with a replaceable paper element was then a novelty.

It provided finer cleaning and did not sweat with oil like the filters of most other Soviet machines. The engine was designed for the use of antifreeze coolant. In the USSR, there was no adequate quality antifreeze. Scientists from the Research Institute of Organic Chemistry have created antifreeze specifically for the new car. Due to the coefficient of thermal expansion greater than that of water, an expansion tank was added to the cooling system - for the first time in the Soviet Union. With such a cooling system, the stability of the temperature regime of the engine increased, thermal shocks from pouring warm water into the frozen engine were excluded. With a compression ratio similar to that of Moskvich, the Zhiguli engine tolerated low-quality gasoline better. Due to the lower heat load and the better shape of the combustion chamber, detonation began later. The resource increased due to the fact that the designers made the motor 2101 short-stroke: the piston stroke is 66 mm with a cylinder diameter of 76 mm, and the lower the average piston speed in the cylinder, the less wear. All the measures taken together ensured the engine mileage without overhaul of more than one hundred thousand kilometers. They provided exactly. Some "Muscovites" and "Volgas" went even more, but with them - as luck would have it, and the quality of VAZ products was very stable by Soviet standards.

The drivetrain also inspired optimism. The gears turned on perfectly, and those who had just moved from the Moskvich even had to get used to the low speed of the wings. Torsional vibrations of the transmission were absorbed by an elastic rubber coupling on the propeller shaft. Front disc brakes (for the first time on a domestic car) were so effective that drivers were advised not to use their capabilities to the fullest without the need, it was difficult for the car going behind to brake just as quickly. Even the little things were thought out: a place to store the tool in the trunk. Lightweight and comfortable jack, with a little effort on the handle - even a fragile girl could lift the car. Ashtrays, cigarette lighter, sun visor with a mirror for a passenger.

In 1973 the film The Incredible Adventures of Italians in Russia was released. The viewer saw with his own eyes the eternal rivalry between Zhiguli and Moskvich. And the new "treshka" in all the tricks and chases looked much more dynamic than the competitor.

1982 year. The painting "Traffic Inspector" is about the conflict between a principled inspector who honestly does his job (performed by Sergey Nikonenko) and an arrogant director of a service station, who believes that some people are allowed to do anything. His role was organically played by Nikita Mikhalkov. An attentive viewer could notice that the inspector uses the service "one", while the hero Mikhalkov has a hundred cubes more "charged" and prestigious 11th model.

2002 year. Ivan Dykhovichny filmed a real eulogy for the VAZ-2101. The film "Kopeyka" is a chronicle of the life of one of the first cars produced at the Volzhsky Automobile Plant. A grotesque comedy full of passion and farce. A whirlpool of events, in the center of which is the legendary Soviet car. FIAT 124 SAMPLES BROKEN AT THE very BEGINNING OF TESTS AT DMITROVSKY POLYGON

Of course, not everything was perfect: you had to carefully monitor the ball joints. The boot is torn - water and dirt will quickly do their job. Zhigulenki cars with inverted wheels standing on the side of the road were not uncommon. After the "rationalization proposal" in the early 80s, the camshaft manufacturing technology was simplified, and the shafts began to "fly". It turned out that the upper shaft engine was brought in a hurry. Under conditions of oil starvation, the cams of the "rationalized" camshaft ground down very quickly.

And if such a drawback as not quite comfortable seating position of the driver obviously could not be eliminated without rearranging the body, then offensive little things that annoyed drivers for years caused bewilderment. The car factory could not win over all the decades of production of the classic family: when the diaphragm broke, the crane sprinkled hot antifreeze on the front passenger's legs. In frosty winters, the sliding bearings of the stove fan rotor sang. Snow covered the heater air intake grille.

However, many wishes of the drivers were fulfilled. The inconvenient floor gas pedal was quickly replaced with a suspended one. Improved windshield washer. Modernized electrical wiring. Introduced self-adjusting rear brake mechanisms. Fewer and fewer components were brought in from Italy, more and more production facilities were launched on site. This made it possible to quickly upgrade the manufactured machines.

And over time - to expand the model range. The first appeared a modification with a station wagon body, an analogue of the Italian Fiat 124 Familiare... VAZ-2102 went into production since 1971. It was especially appreciated by summer residents and tourists.

The older model of the company, proposed by the Italians for development as a luxury option, looked very much like the 124th, but was slightly larger. Not a big difference, but a high degree of unification was extremely important for Soviet conditions. As a result, it was decided to release a luxury alternative to "one" on its own platform. So there was a "treshka" - BA3 2103... And the Italians sold their license to the Poles for production at the FSO plant.

prototype VAZ 2103

"Edinichka" was destined for a long life on the assembly line - it was produced until 1988. But since the beginning of the eighties, with the advent of more prestigious cars, it has been increasingly called "kopeck". Even after the end of the production of model 2101, cars of the classic family were assembled at VAZ for another 24 years.

Sitting behind the wheel of a "kopeck" today, you get a double impression. On the one hand, the VAZ "classic" is now the most prestigious car. Even the foppish "six" once became a "shah". Such people buy to drive in the country, as the first car, which is not a pity to crash, for one season. It is difficult to admire a car that, with the departure of the now exotic Zaporozhets, has firmly taken the place of the worst choice available. On the other hand, it is ridiculous to approach a car that is older than you by the standards of the modern era. Yes, it is difficult to find a comfortable position for a driver's seat in a “kopeck”: either the pedals are close, or you have to reach for the gear lever. At a speed of more than 100 km / h, the car "prowls". For the non-inertial seat belts to work properly, they must be carefully adjusted to suit you so that your palm does not squeeze between the belt and your chest. But let's not forget that belts became mandatory only in 1979, and in 1970 they were still a novelty.

Fiat 124 finished production in 1974. If the Soviet analogue then gave way to a new generation of cars, now we would have a rare specimen of a car worthy for its time. But the "classic" lived almost 40 years longer (we will not pretend that the VAZ permanent facelift has seriously changed anything) and by the end of production the car was hopelessly outdated.

And yet, a series of facelifts, multiple encores and a protracted farewell to the public for so many years is not the fault of the machine. So people decided. And the car only honestly worked - drove. Then - dudes, artists and store managers. Now - taxi drivers, builders and small traders. And ahead of her is the age of elegance. Retrosals, unhurried car races and car exhibitions. This is probably how it should be with a good car.

Santim ... What could have been a penny in 1970? Here are two main contenders from the land of good wine, cheese and small cars.

In 1965, when the new Renault car first appeared in public, it caused a real sensation: the Renault 16 was a roomy family car, without being neither a respectable sedan nor a practical station wagon. In fact, he laid the foundation for a new class of cars: family front-wheel drive hatchbacks. He has become an object of imitation for many firms. It is not surprising that this particular car won the title of "Car of the Year" in 1966, the trophy went to the French for the first time in history.

The technical details are interesting: the car had a torsion bar suspension. To fit the long torsion bars under the bottom, it was necessary to make a slightly different wheelbase on the left and right: the wheels on the starboard side were 70 mm closer to each other than the wheels on the left side. From the outside, the difference was not noticeable, but it was possible to make a very light, strong and simple suspension, which was distinguished by its softness and long travels. If you try to move in reverse gear with the handbrake tightened, the rear of the car lifted by more than 30 cm.The car was produced for 15 years, and even in 1980, when the company decided to start producing the next generation hatchback, the demand for a hopelessly outdated market inertia is enormous.

Years of issue: 1965-1980

Issued: 1 million 845 thousand pcs.

Body: load-bearing, steel, 5-door 5-seater hatchback

Engine: in-line, four-cylinder, displacement 1600 cm3, petrol, OHV, carburetor, compression ratio 8.0: 1

Maximum power: 83 hp at 5750 rpm

Front suspension: independent, torsion bar; back: independent, torsion bar.
Steering: rack and pinion

Brakes: hydraulic, with a vacuum booster, two independent circuits, front disc, rear drum
Length: 4229mm, Width: 1651mm, Height: 1359mm, Wheelbase: 2720mm Left, 2650mm Right

Curb weight: 1060 kg

Maximum speed: 165 km / h

Price in 1965: 12,992 francs

Price now: 500-3000 EUR

Production began in 1965. The car was produced with a wide range of bodies: there were sedans, hatchbacks, station wagons, two-door coupes, convertibles and vans. The car was very popular: from 1969 to 1971, it was the best-selling car in France. And this is not surprising: the car was distinguished by enviable economy. The engine range from 1.1 to 1.3 liters included diesel options. The transverse arrangement of the engine and the width of the body is greater than that of similar small cars, made the interior unusually spacious for a car of this class.

Exported with success. Derated versions of engines were produced for developing countries. Until 1976, when the production of the car was stopped, 1.6 million cars of all modifications were produced.

Years of issue: 1965-1976 Issued: 1 million 604 thousand pieces.
Body: load-bearing, steel

Engine: in-line, four-cylinder, displacement 1130 cm3, petrol, OHV, carburetor, compression ratio 8.8: 1

Maximum power: 53 hp at 5800 rpm
Transmission: mechanical 4-speed, driving wheels - front
Front suspension: independent, McPherson with stabilizer; rear: independent, spring, with stabilizer

Steering: rack and pinion

Brakes: hydraulic, front disc, rear drum

Length: 3735 mm, width: 1560 mm, height: 1300 mm, wheelbase: 2305 mm.

Curb weight: 851 kg

Maximum speed: 145 km / h

Price in 1965: 13,457 francs

Price now: 400-2800 EUR