The ZMZ-405 engine is a four-cylinder unit with injection system fuel supply. Initially, the motor with modification ZMZ-40525.10 was developed for the GAZ 3111 Volga. During subsequent improvements, engine modifications ZMZ-40522.10, ZMZ-40524, ZMZ-40525 were invented. The modified ZMZ-40524.10 engine was installed on the Gazelle and Fiat Ducato.

In our specific example, the oil was changed on a Gazelle with a ZMZ-40522 engine.

When to change and how many liters of oil will be needed in the GAZelle 405 engine

The engine oil should be changed every 10,000 km if the car was operated on highways 1st, 2nd, 3rd category on flat and weak hilly terrain roads with asphalt pavement.

As operating conditions become more severe, the mileage for oil changes decreases accordingly:

• when driving in a suburban area on gravel and crushed stone surfaces up to 9000 km;
• in small towns with crushed stone and cobblestones and in hilly areas up to 8000 km;
• on the streets of large cities with bitumen-mineral and crushed stone-gravel surfaces, in mountainous and mountainous areas up to 7000 km;
• in rural areas on natural dirt, on-farm, intra-quarry roads, as well as on temporary access roads to various types of construction sites, in places where sand, clay, stone, etc. are mined. before 6000 km.

Deviation from the mileage that determines the frequency of oil changes is allowed within plus or minus 500 km.

For a complete replacement, the ZMZ 405 engine will need to be filled with 6 liters oils, including oil filter.

On new cars, additional oil consumption is allowed for the ZMZ 405 engine. Oil consumption under normal operating conditions should not exceed 0.5 liters per 1000 km.

What kind of oil to fill in the ZMZ 405 engine

To change engine oil, lubricants of both domestic and foreign production are suitable, the main thing is that they comply with the quality standards established by the manufacturer and classifications according to STO (B4/D2) or API (SL/SM, SG/CD, SJ/SH/CF).

Also, when selecting a lubricant, you should take into account its viscosity, minimum and maximum temperature regime for a given area.

At air cooling temperature:

• from -30 to +20°С (SAE 10W-30);
• from -30 to +35°С (SAE 0W-40). The following types of motor oils will be most suitable for our territory:

"Lukoil Artik" 5W-30, 5W-40; "Yar-Marka Super" 5W-30, 5W-40; "Novoil-Sint" 5W-30, 5W-40; "Yukos-Super" 5W-40, 10W-40, 15W-40; "Lukoil Lux" 5W-40, 10W-40, 15W-40; "Consol Forum" 10W-40, 15W-40.

When replacing engine oils, it is prohibited to fill in lubricants from different manufacturers and companies. To switch to another type of lubricant, you must first clean the system flushing oil or liquid.

Tools and materials needed to change the oil

Tools for changing the oil you will need:

• ratchet with a 24" head;
• puller for removing the filter;
• waste containers of less than 6 liters;
• household gloves;
• bedding on the ground;
• clean rags;
• new filter and motor oil.

Suitable accessories: semi-synthetic motor oil “Lukoil Lux 10W-40”, article number - 19299 (5 l). The price of such a canister is about 1080 rubles. Original oil filter for VAZ engine art. 4061012005 costs 260 rubles.

Analogues: BIG Filter GB107 – 150 rubles, Hola SL102 – 190 rubles, Finwhale LF110 – 250 rubles, MANN-FILTER W92021 – 200 rubles.

Prices are valid for the summer of 2017 for the city of Moscow and the region.

The first thing you need to do is unscrew the drain plug, it is better to do this from below - in the photo there is now a key inserted into it.

We substitute the container and begin to slowly unscrew it.

It is better to complete the procedure of removing the plug manually so that you can catch it. After the oil has drained, you need to screw the plug back in.

We open the filler plug - this will allow the oil to drain faster, and immediately insert the funnel.

The ZMZ 405 gasoline engine is an almost 100% repetition of the base ZMZ 406 power unit. The main difference between the engines is the dynamic performance: the 405 is 4.8% stronger (an additional 7 hp) and has a 7.9% larger volume (2.5 liters versus 2.3). The engine was created to complete model range GAZ, in particular its commercial vehicles Gazelle, UAZ and Volga. Structurally, the engine features an improved valve cover, chain drive Timing chain (toothed chain), fine metal gasket cylinder heads in 2 layers (thickness 0.5mm - 1mm less than its predecessor), as well as a ventilation system for supplying crankcase gases to the receiver.

ZMZ 405 is an injection 4-cylinder power plant with liquid system cooling. The first car with such an engine on board was the GAZ-3111 in 2000. Since 2008, the unit has been produced in a modernized version and complies with Euro 3 standards. The technical data remained unchanged, however, the design itself now includes a new cylinder head (system channels idle move no more). Without major repairs, the 405 can withstand about 200-300 thousand mileage, but the timing chain must be replaced periodically (every 100 thousand km). Information about oil and which one to fill is further in the article.

In addition to stretching and jamming of the timing chain, the most common engine problems in practice are: overheating, malfunction of the fuel pump, insufficient traction due to failure of the ignition coil, increased consumption oils, glitches in the operation of sensors, poor-quality electrical equipment, as well as the general poor build quality of the unit. But the release of ZMZ 405 became a kind of leap forward - now it is more or less modern engine, which at proper maintenance will last quite a long time.

Engine ZMZ 4052.10 / 40522.10 / 40524.10 / 40525.10 2.5 l. 152 hp

• What kind of engine oil is filled from the factory (original): Synthetic 5W30
• Oil types (by viscosity): 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-30, 10W-40, 15W-40, 20W-40
• How many liters of oil are in the engine (total volume): 6.0 hp.
• Oil consumption per 1000 km: up to 100 ml.

Gazelle 405 is commercial vehicle, on which an engine from the ZMZ 405 family is installed. Therefore, here we are talking about the type of engine, and not about the name of the car itself.

The 405 engine provides four cylinders for fuel supply. Initially, the 405 engine, which was designated by the index 405.25.10, was developed for the Volga (GAZ 3111).

Subsequent improvements made it possible to obtain 4 versions of this power unit. Currently, Gazelle Business is equipped with a modified version of the engine with index 405.24.10 and continues to use 405.22. Besides domestic car, this installation is found on the Italian Fiat Ducato.

Most classic Gazelles are equipped with versions 405.22.10. When servicing them, questions often arise about what oils to fill in the Gazelle 405 and how often to change the engine fluid. In the case of competent and timely service, a minimum of problems arise with the engine, and its long-term and reliable operation is achieved.

Advantages and disadvantages of the engine

Before we talk about changing the oil in a Gazelle engine, it’s worth finding out how good or bad this engine is. This way you will better understand in which modification it is better to purchase a car.

TO strengths families 405 include:

• the presence of a modified cylinder head using a two-layer metal gasket, supplemented with spring components;
• the total weight of the cylinder block has decreased by 1.35 kilograms compared to its predecessor;
• A catalytic three-component type of converter is used, which allows it to comply with Euro 3 requirements;
• due to modifications, highway consumption decreased to 8.8 liters per 100 kilometers;
• An oil purification system is used.

Some consider the fact of using a microprocessor to control the ignition timing an advantage, while others call it a disadvantage. The system works better and more efficiently, but it is impossible to repair this unit in highway conditions when the car is stuck.

At the same time, hydraulic compensation thermal gap in valves led to a reduction in the cost of maintaining the Gazelle. So, you no longer need to visit a car service center to adjust the valves, as happened before.

This is frankly a good engine that is perfect for the Gazelle car. From him technical characteristics Let's highlight the following:

• compression ratio is 9.4;
• working volume 2.4 liters;
• torque reaches 211 Nm;
• the engine produces 152 horsepower power.

With such an engine, Gazelle feels confident in the city and on the highway. If you use suitable and appropriate ones, it will be possible to minimize engine contamination, reduce friction between contacting surfaces and extend the life of the power unit.

Replacement frequency

The frequency of engine oil changes on the Gazelle 405 is determined based on operating conditions.

The standard recommendation provided by the manufacturer is 10 thousand kilometers. Under normal conditions, such an interval between service to replace the motor lubricating fluid should be followed by car owners.

Normal operating conditions are considered:

• highways from 1 to 3 categories;
• flat road or slightly hilly areas;
• asphalt covering.

Here we are talking about completely urban conditions and the highway.

For drivers who operate the car in more difficult conditions, make special amendments. The worse road surface, the shorter the interval between fluid changes in the oil sump of the Gazelle engine becomes.

1. When driving the Gazelle 405 on gravel and crushed stone roads, visiting suburban areas, it is recommended to change the engine oil every 9 thousand kilometers.
2. In small populated areas where crushed stone, hilly and cobblestone roads predominate, the oil change interval is reduced to 8 thousand kilometers.
3. It is recommended to change motor fluid every 7 thousand kilometers, if the main operating conditions for the Gazelle 405 are large cities with crushed stone, gravel and bitumen-mineral coating, and the terrain is mountainous or with a large number of hilly areas.
4. On-farm, intra-quarry roads, countryside and natural soil wear out the engine more, and the oil loses its characteristics more rapidly. Therefore, when traveling on such roads, you should change the oil at intervals of at least every 6 thousand kilometers.

Nobody forbids you to perform the lubricant replacement procedure earlier. But exceeding the established standards by more than 500 kilometers is strongly not recommended.

At this point, the oil in the Gazelle 405 engine is at the limit of its capabilities, and its physical and chemical properties are practically lost. Increasing the set threshold leads to rapid wear parts, the formation of a large amount of contamination with the subsequent risk of failure of the power unit.

Oil selection

There is no fundamental difference between pouring domestic and imported motor oil into Gazelle 405 engines. Many believe that foreign lubricants are of higher quality and are significantly ahead of their domestic counterparts in this component.

This is not entirely true. It all depends on the manufacturer. Among imported oils there are really high quality solutions with excellent properties and characteristics. And there are also low-grade compounds, pouring which into the Gazelle engine will only harm the engine.

There are two main criteria here:

• domestic service station classification, in this case the selected oil must meet the requirements of B4/D2;
• international API classification relevant for imported oils.

According to API, the following oils are suitable for Gazelle 405:

• SL/SM;
• SJ/CD;
• SJ/SH/CF.

If you find a motor lubricant that meets these requirements, you're already half done.

It is also important that the oil for the Gazelle meets the temperature conditions in which the car is operated. Most adhere to the principle of choice all-season oils. Only for certain regions of the country, where the temperature drops below -30 degrees Celsius, it is necessary to apply strictly winter stamps motor oils.

The most common viscosity solutions for Gazelle 405 are:

In the first case, the oil can withstand operation in temperature range from -30 to +20 degrees Celsius. This is acceptable for some regions of Russia.

But 0W40 is considered more universal. This composition does not lose its properties and fluidity in the temperature range from -30 to +35 degrees Celsius.

Considering climatic features in your region, based on viscosity indicators, you can use the following oils for Gazelle 405:

• 0W30;
• 5W30;
• 5W40;
• 10W40;

If required amount engine oil is filled in a timely manner, and you use high-quality compounds, then problems with premature wear the engine does not threaten you.

If we talk specifically about which oil is best to fill in the Gazelle 405 by manufacturer, then the most popular brands here are:

But under no circumstances should you use oils from different manufacturers when replacing. At independent shift lubricating fluid in the engine, which does not provide for flushing the system, fill only with exactly the same composition.

If you switch to an alternative brand, even if the characteristics between lubricants are completely consistent, you must flush the engine crankcase. This is done by special flushing liquids or oils.

Required quantity

Now to the question of how many liters lubricating oil is poured into the engine of Gazelle cars with the ZMZ 405 internal combustion engine.

Regardless of the modification of this family of power plants, the engine will require 6 liters of oil. AND filling volume no different from how much fluid is poured into the engine when replacing.

The practice and experience of motorists show that if the work is carried out correctly, it is possible to completely remove the old lubricant from the system, making room for new oil.

A total of 6 liters are poured into the Gazelle 405. A certain amount of them will go into the oil filter, which will also need to be replaced.

You need to try to fill the Gazelle 405 with the maximum possible amount of fresh engine oil. To do this, strictly follow the instructions for draining waste. You can figure it out by how much oil comes out of the engine. A similar amount, provided there is no shortage of oil in the crankcase before replacement, you will pour into last stages work.

It is better to buy a canister not for 6 liters of oil, but a little more. This is due to the fact that when operating the Gazelle 405, consumption is allowed lubricant in an amount of no more than 0.5 liters per 1000 kilometers.

If the consumption turns out to be higher after a scheduled check, there is a suspicion that there is a malfunction in the power unit. The engine is subject to mandatory diagnostics in order to identify the reasons that led to increased oil consumption.

Consumables and tools

In Gazelle 405 you will need to assemble a standard set Supplies and tools. Decide for yourself when choosing a lubricant. But there’s no need to save, even though we have an inexpensive domestic Gazelle in front of us.

Most car owners choose Lukoil oil. Suitable brand of lubricant for Gazelle 405 from domestic manufacturer costs about 1,100 rubles for a 5-liter canister. Don't forget to purchase an oil filter.

There are several options for filter elements:

Prices are approximate and may vary depending on the region and store.

Consumables are not very expensive, which makes the Gazelle 405 quite cheap to operate and maintain. In addition to the oil and filter, you need to take:

• ratchet with a size 24 head;
• special puller for oil filters;
• containers for draining waste;
• funnel for pouring fresh oil;
• gloves and safety glasses;
• screwdriver;
• rags.

It is best to work in the presence of a hole, overpass or lift. If there is none of this, then climb under the Gazelle, having first laid some kind of bedding on the floor. The car is quite tall, so working under it is not as difficult as under many passenger cars.

Step-by-step instruction

To change the oil in the Gazelle 405 yourself, you should follow the instructions and follow generally accepted safety rules.

The engine is first warmed up to operating temperatures. This is necessary in order to give the lubricant the desired fluidity. This way it will be able to fully exit the crankcase when drained.

It is enough to drive a few kilometers or run the engine for 5–10 minutes at idle speed. When the car is warmed up, start working.

1. Remove the negative terminal from battery, place stops under the wheels, securely fix the car if you are working with a jack. Personal safety should never be forgotten.
2. The engine oil sump is located under the bottom of the car. It is provided drain plug, for dismantling which you will need a 24 key.
3. Under drainer Place an empty container where the old used oil will be drained. About 6 liters should come out, so initially take a container of a suitable volume. On a warm engine, the oil leaves the system in 5 - 7 minutes. If it is thicker, it is better to wait 10 - 15 minutes. When the oil has drained, screw the drain plug back on. Make sure it is not deformed or worn. Otherwise, replacement is required.
4. The oil filter on the 405 Gazelle is not located in the most convenient place. Therefore, it will be easier for you to work if you remove the engine splash guard. Some try to dismantle the filter through the engine compartment, but to do this you need to have unique dexterity and resourcefulness. Don't create for yourself unnecessary problems, remove the splash guard and remove the filter.
5. Sometimes the filter is tightly tightened, making it impossible to remove it manually. Use a special puller. If it is absent, use a long and strong screwdriver or similar tools and pierce through old filter and turn it using a screwdriver as a lever.
6. Remove the new filter from the box. Pour a small amount of lubricant inside its body. Also lubricate the sealing gasket of the filter device. The filter should be filled with oil to approximately 50% of its volume.
7. The filter can only be tightened by hand. You should not use a puller or other tools. Otherwise, there is a risk of damaging the device. Tighten until the filter gasket makes contact with the cylinder block. After this, hand tighten the element 3/4 turn. This is enough for the device to fit tightly into place and not cause oil leakage.
8. When all work under the car is completed, proceed to engine compartment your Gazelle 405. Unscrew filler plug, insert a funnel into the hole and fill in the required amount of oil.
9. Check the level with a dipstick, waiting a few minutes after filling. Close the filler hole and replace the splash guard.
10. Start the Gazelle 405 engine, let it idle for several minutes. At the same time, check that there is no fresh puddle of oil under the engine oil sump or signs of leakage. If there are any, tighten poorly sealed connections. Oil may be leaking through the drain hole or filter.
11. Stop the engine. Wait 5 - 7 minutes for all the oil to drain back into the crankcase. Now reinsert the dipstick and check the level. If the dipstick shows low oil, add the required amount.

That's it for work self-replacement motor lubricant on the Gazelle 405 car is completed. This is enough simple procedure, which does not require specialized equipment or expensive tools.

Many people call the main difficulties correct selection oil and timely change of fluid in the crankcase power plant. But now you know all the basic recommendations, and therefore without special problems you will be able to purchase high-quality lubricant and maintain the performance of the Gazelle 405 engine.

Engine ZMZ 405 2.5 l.

Characteristics of the ZMZ-405 engine

Production	ZMZ
Engine make	ZMZ-405
Years of manufacture	2000-present day
Cylinder block material	cast iron
Supply system	injector
Type	in-line
Number of cylinders	4
Valves per cylinder	4
Piston stroke, mm	86
Cylinder diameter, mm	95.5
Compression ratio	9.3
Engine capacity, cc	2464
Engine power, hp/rpm	152/5200
Torque, Nm/rpm	211/4200
Fuel	92
Environmental standards	Euro 3
Engine weight, kg	193
Fuel consumption, l/100 km - city - track - mixed.	13.5 8.8 11.0
Oil consumption, g/1000 km	up to 100
Engine oil	5W-30 5W-40 10W-30 10W-40 15W-40 20W-40
How much oil is in the engine	6
When replacing, pour, l	5.4
Oil change carried out, km	7000
Engine operating temperature, degrees.	~90
Engine life, thousand km - according to the plant - on practice	150 300+
Tuning - potential - without loss of resource	n.d. up to 200
The engine was installed	GAZ 3102 GAZ 31105 GAZ Gazelle GAZ Sobol

Malfunctions and repairs of the Volga / Gazelle ZMZ-405 engine

The ZMZ-405 engine was developed on the basis of the 406 engine and differs in piston diameter (increased from 92 to 95.5 mm), the height of the cylinder block is the same, the inter-cylinder jumpers have become thinner, slots for cooling have appeared (there are none on the block of Euro-3 engines), the connecting rods remained the same, Otherwise, the engine remained the same, due to the increased volume, the power increased by 7 hp, the torque increased, the latest engines began to correspond environmental standards Euro-3 and nothing more, still the same ZMZ406.
Another large-volume engine was created on the same block - ZMZ-409.

Modifications of the ZMZ 405 engine

1. ZMZ 4052.10 - main motor. Used on Volga and Gazelle cars.
2. ZMZ 40522.10 - analogue to 4052.10, corresponds environmental standards Euro-2. Used on Gazelle and Volga cars.
3. ZMZ 40524.10 - analogue to 40522.10, complies with Euro-3 environmental standards. Used on passenger cars Volga.
4. ZMZ 40525.10 - analogue to 40522.10, complies with Euro-3 environmental standards. Used on trucks Gazelle.
5. ZMZ 4054.10 - turbo version 405, steel crankshaft, forged piston, intercooler, SZh 7.4, power 195 hp/4500 rpm, torque 343 Nm/rpm. It was produced in small batches and was prohibitively expensive, so tuners preferred to install proven Toyota 1JZ/2JZ.

Malfunctions of ZMZ 405 engines

The malfunctions of the 405th Volga engine absolutely repeat the problems of the ZMZ-406, all the same problems with the oil under the valve cover, because their differences are minimal. We read about the pros and cons of ZMZ-406.

Volga/Gazelle ZMZ-405 engine tuning

Boosting ZMZ 405.Turbine.Compressor

Options for increasing the power of the ZMZ-405 are no different from the ZMZ-406, you can read about them in the “Tuning” tab here. It is worth noting that it is not worth building powerful naturally aspirated engines on a Volgov/Gazelle engine, on evil camshafts, 4 throttles, it is a waste of money and time. The most correct tuning for ZMZ is turbo. A well-assembled turbo 405 will give more (and sometimes much more) 300 hp, which an aspirated engine will not produce under any settings.
It is worth noting that a Euro-2 block is not suitable for the construction of a turbo cramp, it is weakened by the slots between the cylinders, your choice is more recent blocks for Euro-3 (40524.10 and 40525.10).

In the section on the question What kind of oil should I pour into the ZMZ 405? given by the author Bars City the best answer is

Answer from 22 answers[guru]

Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: What kind of oil to pour into the ZMZ 405?

Answer from Murzik99rus[guru]
20w50.

Answer from Dear John[guru]
spindle or nigrol.

Answer from Alexey Zaitsev[active]
MANNOL MOLIBDEN Benzin, Shell - 10W 40, esso 10w40, castrol, mobil.

Answer from Alexei[guru]
it's better to fill it thick oil like they recommended 20W50, well, such an oil will not be cheap and most likely it will be difficult to find. 10W50 can also be found in 10W60 synthetics. But this is expensive and not practical. All that remains is semi-synthetic 10W40 + additive for oil thickness, sold in car dealerships

Answer from Otskarik[guru]
Murzik is right, but I believe that given the weather, 10B40 or 15B50 will be enough. look at the price difference and make the final decision yourself.
"MANNOL MOLIBDEN Benzin, Shell - 10W 40, esso 10w40, castrol, mobil." - and the face of the car won’t crack??)), as far as I understand, you need to DRIVE, NOT DRIVE THEN ANOTHER 20-50 thousand.
I don’t know what 405 is, but 402 - the red lamp is allowed to blink slightly ONLY at idle (as the Primer-Murzilka writes), it’s still 150 thousand. runs through
It is permissible (for the future) to add up to 30% MC20 oil to motor oil (of course, to mineral water), so as not to kill it when you still need to drive.

Answer from Ivan Podzaborny[guru]
GM semi-synthetic or ZIK semi-synthetic 10-40, if you want the oil not to go to waste and the pressure not to drop when heated to operating temperature. By the way, about the pressure, most likely the sensors or connectors in the wiring are faulty. For 90 thousand it’s difficult to shake this engine like that. The sounds of hydraulics in most cases are treated by injecting metal conditioners into the oil, but in general this is not critical. I'm sure this engine is normal oil It will take another hundred thousand.

Answer from Uncle Sanya *VOLGA 3110 SL*[guru]
I have great doubts that this can happen on a 405 engine with 90 thousand miles. With such a mileage, nothing will happen to the hydraulic pushers. Most likely they were just so clogged that the valves didn’t hold, which is why they made the clicking noise. Flushing and changing the oil can solve this problem, but not completely. Low oil pressure is also doubtful at this mileage. 406,405 engines have the disease in unstable work oil pressure sensor (the barrel is like this valve cover) The membrane is pulled out and the pressure indicator is not the same. Replace it first. I am 95% sure that the pressure readings will return to normal.