Mitsubishi in practice studied the use of systems all-wheel drive, in order to decide which technological solution will be most appropriate for this type of car, and most convenient for future owners of this compact crossover.
Engineers turned away from the traditional solution - the use of automatic transmission with all-wheel drive "on demand". Such systems are based on the fact that when the front wheels slip, part of the torque is redistributed to rear wheels. Mitsubishi specialists understood that the consumer was more interested in systems that actively reduce the likelihood of wheel slip.
The previous Outlander had permanent four-wheel drive with center differential, blocked by a viscous coupling, the distribution of the drive along the axes 50:50 This system provides excellent performance in heavy weather conditions, but for everyday operation, fuel consumption was high. Mitsubishi sought to give new Outlander the same, or best qualities when used in difficult conditions, with minimal changes in fuel consumption.
So there was an all-wheel drive system MITSUBISHI transmissions AWC ( All wheel control). FROM of English language All Wheel Control literally translates as control of all wheels. This system provides the driver with a choice of drive type. The system is essentially a combination of special all-wheel drive transmission Multi-Select 4WD and electronic distribution torque, and besides traction control modern system and system exchange rate stability. Thanks to the AWC system, excellent traction of the car's wheels with the road and excellent handling on slippery sections of the track are achieved. To ensure optimal transmission performance, it is enough to select one of the three modes presented on the center console "2WD", "4WD" or "Lock".
| Driving mode | Description | Advantages |
| 2WD | Sends torque to the front wheels | Better fuel economy, reduced vehicle noise, better handling. This also retains the possibility that the control unit directs torque to the rear axle to reduce its noise. |
| 4WD Auto | It doses the direction of the torque to the rear wheels depending on the position of the accelerator pedal and the difference in the speeds of the front and rear wheels | Optimal torque distribution for given driving conditions. Torque distribution between the front and rear axles is automatic electronic unit depending on the vehicle driving parameters (front and rear wheel speeds, accelerator pedal position and vehicle speed). 2 wheel drive mode is preferred. |
| 4WD Lock | 1.5 times more torque is sent to the rear wheels than in 4WD mode | Increases adhesion to the surface, provides stability on high speed and better cross on uneven or slippery surfaces. The LOCK mode is similar to the 4WD mode, but with a modified law of torque distribution between the axles. At low speed for rear axle 1.5 times more torque is supplied, and at high speed the torque is distributed equally between the axles. |
Two drive modes
4WD Auto
When "4WD Auto" is selected, the 4WD system Outlander car 4WD constantly distributes some of the torque to the rear wheels, automatically increasing this ratio when you press the gas pedal. The clutch directs up to 40% of traction to the rear wheels at full throttle and reduces this by up to 25% at speeds over 40mph. At uniform motion at cruising speed, up to 15% of the available torque is sent to the rear wheels. At low speeds in sharp turns force is reduced, providing smooth passage turn.
4WD Lock
For driving in special difficult conditions eg on snow, the driver can select the "4WD Lock" mode. When the lock is on, the system still automatically redistributes torque between the front and rear wheels, but most of the torque is transferred to the rear wheels. For example, when accelerating on a hill, the clutch will immediately transfer most of the torque to the rear wheels to provide all four wheels with traction. On the contrary, automatic four-wheel drive "on demand" will first "wait" for slipping of the front wheels, and only then will transfer torque to the rear wheels, which can interfere with acceleration.
On dry roads, the 4WD Lock mode provides efficient acceleration. More torque is directed to the rear wheels, which ensures more power, better handling when accelerating on snowy or loose roads and improves stability on high speeds. The proportion of rear-wheel torque is increased by 50% compared to 4WD mode, which means that up to 60% of the available torque is directed to the rear wheels when the accelerator pedal is fully depressed on dry roads. In 4WD Lock mode, in tight corners, rear wheel torque is not reduced to the same extent as when driving in 4WD Auto mode.
The ratio of torque to the front / rear wheels in 4WD mode has the following values:
| Driving mode | dry road | snow covered road | ||
| wheels | front | rear | front | rear |
| Acceleration | 69% | 31% | 50% | 50% |
| at 30 km/h | at 30 km/h | at 15 km/h | at 15 km/h | |
| 85% | 15% | 64% | 36% | |
| at 80 km/h | at 80 km/h | at 40 km/h | at 40 km/h | |
| Steady speed | 84% | 16% | 74% | 26% |
| at 80 km/h | at 80 km/h | at 40 km/h | at 40 km/h | |
Structural scheme
System components and functions
|
Component name |
Functioning |
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Transmits the following signals to the required 4WD-ECU via CAN.
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Drive mode switch 2WD/4WD/LOCK |
Transmits drive mode switch position signal for 4WD-ECU. |
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The system evaluates road conditions and based on signals from each ECU, the drive mode switch, directs the required amount of torque to the rear wheels. Calculation of the optimal differential limiting force judging by the condition of the car and the current drive mode based on the signals from each ECU, the drive mode switch, controls the current value delivered to the electronic control link. |
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Performance management (4WD work indicator and lock indicator) in the instrument cluster. |
|
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Controls the self-diagnosis function and failover function. |
|
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Diagnostic function control (compatible with MUT-III). |
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Electronic clutch control |
4WD-ECU sends the torque corresponding to the current value to the rear wheels. |
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Drive mode indicator
|
Embedded in the instrument cluster indicates the selected drive mode switch mode (not displayed in 2WD mode).
|
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Diagnostic connector |
Displays diagnostic codes and establishes communication with MUT-III. |
system configuration
Control scheme
Electronic control wiring diagram 4 WD
Design
Electronic clutch control consists of a front housing (front housing), main clutch (main clutch), main cam mechanism (main cam), ball (ball), controlled cam mechanism (pilot cam), armature (armature), controlled clutch (pilot clutch ), rear housing (rear housing), magnetic coil (magnetic coil), and shaft (shaft).
- The front housing is connected to cardan shaft and rotates with the shaft.
- In front of the housing, the main clutch (main clutch) and the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) are mounted on the shaft (shaft) (the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) is installed through the cam stop (pilot cam)).
- The shaft is meshed through the teeth with the drive pinion of the rear differential.
Functioning
Clutch Disengaged (2WD: Magnetic coil de-energized.)
The driving force from the transfer case through the propeller shaft is transmitted to the front housing (front housing). Because the magnetic coil (magnetic coil) is de-energized, the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) and the main clutch (main clutch) are not engaged and the drive force is not transmitted to the shaft (shaft) and the gear drive (drive pinion) of the rear differential.
Clutch works (4WD: magnetic coils voltage.)
The driving force from the transfer case through the propeller shaft is transmitted to the front housing (front housing). When the magnetic coil is energized, a magnetic field is created between the rear housing, controlled by the pilot clutch, and the armature. The magnetic field acts on the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) and armature (armature) includes the clutch (pilot clutch). When the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) is engaged, the driving force is transferred to the controlled cam mechanism (pilot cam). In response to this force, the ball (ball) in the cam mechanism (main cam) (pilot cam) is retracted and generates a translational impulse. This impulse acts on the main clutch (main clutch) and the torque is transmitted to the rear wheels through the shaft and the rear differential gear drive.
By regulating the current supplied to the magnetic coil, the amount driving force transmitted to the rear wheels can be adjusted in the range from 0 to 100%.
will be released in 2016 with a restyled body and with new characteristics, the new version will combine the off-road features of its relatives, as well as a sporty element. In the previous version, many users complained about the heavy front of the car. Now the designers have taken into account the wishes - the new version gives the impression of an aggressive crossover. In front of the car acquired chrome moldings.
Salon
In Russia, buyers are presented exclusively with a five-seater version of the crossover. Although the Salon also shows signs of three rows. Convenient feature- the ability to change the angle of the back of the sofa. The landing is comfortable, the space is sufficient in any plane. Inner space Salon has not received a global change, only a mirror with an auto-dimming function. From a technical point of view, this car is deeply redone. Tides appeared on the steering wheel and it became even pleasant to hold it. Appeared Feedback steering wheel. They did a good job of soundproofing, now the rumble of rubber and external sounds are not so much audible.
Trunk
In the city, we buy sedans and charged hatchbacks for drive and dynamics, and we buy crossovers for the enjoyment of the soul, where cars cannot pass, our crossover will pass. For a lover of vacation trips out of town along forest roads, the main thing is not only the engine size and its characteristics, but also the volume of the trunk to fit everything for outdoor recreation, but here this volume is enough. The total capacity of the trunk is 591 l / 1754 l, which can be opened in three ways. But also about spare wheel manufacturers have not forgotten, the spare tire is very advantageously located under the bottom of the Mitsubishi Outlander, which will not take up space in Mitsubishi trunk outlander.
Four-wheel drive Mitsubishi Outlander 2016 issued since 3 different engines:
1: 2.0L "DOHC MIVEC"
2: 2.4L DOHC-MIVEC
3. Most powerful for this car 3.0L V.6 DOHC-MIVEC
What is MIVEC? - Technology for automatic control of valve timing (due to this electrical systems regulated optimal power and fuel consumption.)
A car with average performance - 2.4 liters develops 167 hp. Torque 222 Nm at 4100 rpm, top speed 198 km/h. The ground clearance of the car is 215 mm, the wheelbase is 2 m 67 cm, the volume of the gas tank is 63 liters. The working consumption is 13 liters per hundred. The price of this version is 1,619,990 thousand rubles.
Suspension
The car is also equipped with almost all systems that help to manage this transport. This model passed the diagonal hanging exam successfully. The suspension has become more elastic. The geometric characteristics of the Outlander after restyling have changed - the angles of hanging, exit and frames have become equal to 21 degrees, and this is almost ideal for overcoming any obstacles that the car can drive into. A lot can be said about the Mitsubishi Outlander suspension, but in terms of: Mitsu was redone with an electric power steering and the steering settings were changed, new springs were installed, and the most important thing was that the “shock absorbers” were changed - they have become stronger now the suspension can withstand heavy loads.
On the road common use this car reminds that there are no miracles in the world, it experiences excitement and rolls almost critical, but you will like it, because this model will not let you feel insecure on the road and off-road. In order to have better handling and off-road patency, the Mitsubishi Outlander has a built-in all-wheel drive mode 4WD LOCK- after it is turned on, many locks will be used as much as possible disc clutch.
If you look at other cars from the side, you will not immediately guess about their road potential, but about Mitsubishi Outlander you can’t say that, its bold and powerful appearance immediately catches the eye.
Characteristics Options and prices Photo and video
Basic version
Engine type: Petrol
Engine size: 2.0
HP: 146 hp
Torque: 196 Hm at 4200
Drive: full
Transmission: Automatic
Fuel consumption per 100 km: City - 9.5 liters, Highway - 6.1 liters, Mixed - 7.3 liters.
Max Speed: 193 km/h
Acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h: 11.1 seconds
Fuel type: AI-92
Wheel dimensions of: 16 x 6.5 J
Tire sizes off: 215 / 70 R16
Instyle 4WD CVT S08
In Russia from 1,619,990 rubles.
The technical characteristics of the Mitsubishi Outlander are determined by three options for the power plants used. Two gasoline "fours" with a volume of 2.0 and 2.4 liters give 146 and 167 hp. respectively. On the top motor line is a 3.0-liter V6 engine designed for Mitsubishi versions Outlander Sport. He develops maximum power 230 HP and generates a torque of 292 Nm (at 3750 rpm).
The top modification of the Outlander involves installation in pair with power unit 6 speed automatic box gears. Other versions of the crossover are equipped with an eighth-generation Jatco CVT with a torque converter. Tandem V6 230 hp and 6automatic transmission provides sports Outlander versions good dynamics– up to 100 km/h the car accelerates in 8.9 seconds. The crossover option, which hides any of a pair of 4-cylinder units under the hood, cannot boast of such agility, spending more than 10 seconds on a spurt to “hundreds”.
The average fuel consumption of Mitsubishi Outlander varies from 7.3 to 8.9 liters. The most "insatiable", of course, is the 3.0-liter "six", according to passport data, consuming about 12.2 liters of fuel in the urban cycle.
The geometric parameters of the car body are interesting primarily for the equality of the angles of entry and exit, each of which does not exceed 21 degrees. The ramp angle is of the same importance. Ground clearance(clearance) Mitsubishi Outlander is 215 mm.
The Japanese crossover is available in front- and all-wheel drive versions. Front-wheel drive is provided only for versions with a "junior" 2.0-liter engine. Four-wheel drive has two possible configurations: All Wheel Control (AWC) and Super All Wheel Control (S-AWC). The second option, which adds stability in high-speed corners and on slippery surfaces, was developed specifically for the Outlander Sport 3.0.
Technical characteristics Mitsubishi Outlander - pivot table:
| Parameter | Outlander 2.0 CVT 146 HP | Outlander 2.4 CVT 167 HP | Outlander Sport 3.0 AT 230 HP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engine | ||||
| engine's type | petrol | |||
| Injection type | distributed | |||
| Supercharging | No | |||
| Number of cylinders | 4 | 6 | ||
| Cylinder arrangement | row | V-shaped | ||
| Number of valves per cylinder | 4 | |||
| Volume, cu. cm. | 1998 | 2360 | 2998 | |
| Power, hp (at rpm) | 146 (6000) | 167 (6000) | 230 (6250) | |
| 196 (4200) | 222 (4100) | 292 (3750) | ||
| Transmission | ||||
| Drive unit | front | full (AWC) | full (AWC) | full (S-AWC) |
| Transmission | variable speed drive | 6automatic transmission | ||
| Suspension | ||||
| Front suspension type | MacPherson type independent | |||
| Rear suspension type | independent, multi-link | |||
| Brake system | ||||
| Front brakes | disc ventilated | |||
| Rear brakes | disc ventilated | |||
| Steering | ||||
| Amplifier type | electric | |||
| Tires and wheels | ||||
| Tire size | 215/70 R16 | 225/55R18 | ||
| Disc size | 6.5Jx16 | 7.0Jx18 | ||
| Fuel | ||||
| Fuel type | AI-92 | AI-95 | ||
| Tank volume, l | 63 | 60 | 60 | |
| Fuel consumption | ||||
| City cycle, l/100 km | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 12.2 |
| Country cycle, l/100 km | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 7.0 |
| Combined cycle, l/100 km | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 8.9 |
| dimensions | ||||
| Number of seats | 5 | |||
| Length, mm | 4695 | |||
| Width, mm | 1800 | |||
| Height (with roof rails), mm | 1680 | |||
| Wheel base, mm | 2670 | |||
| Front wheel track, mm | 1540 | |||
| Rear wheel track, mm | 1540 | |||
| Trunk volume (min./max.), l | 591/1754 | 477/1640 | ||
| Ground clearance (clearance), mm | 215 | |||
| Weight | ||||
| Equipped, kg | 1425 | 1490 | 1505 | 1580 |
| Full, kg | 1985 | 2210 | 2270 | |
| Maximum trailer weight (with brakes), kg | 1600 | |||
| Dynamic characteristics | ||||
| Maximum speed, km/h | 193 | 188 | 198 | 205 |
| Acceleration time to 100 km/h, s | 11.1 | 11.7 | 10.2 | 8.7 |
Mitsubishi Outlander engines - specifications
All three motors available for the crossover are equipped with the MIVEC valve lift control system. It allows, depending on the speed, to change the operation mode of the valves (opening time, phase overlap), which helps to increase engine power, save fuel, and reduce harmful emissions.
Features of Mitsubishi Outlander engines:
| Parameter | Outlander 2.0 146 hp | Outlander 2.4 167 hp | Outlander 3.0 230 hp |
|---|---|---|---|
| Engine code | 4B11 | 4B12 | 6B31 |
| engine's type | gasoline without turbocharging | ||
| Supply system | distributed injection, electronic system MIVEC valve control, two camshafts (DOHC), timing chain drive | distributed injection, MIVEC electronic valve control system, one camshaft per cylinder bank (SOHC), timing belt drive | |
| Number of cylinders | 4 | 6 | |
| Cylinder arrangement | row | V-shaped | |
| Number of valves | 16 | 24 | |
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 86 | 88 | 87.6 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 86 | 97 | 82.9 |
| Compression ratio | 10:1 | 10.5:1 | |
| Working volume, cu. cm. | 1998 | 2360 | 2998 |
| Power, hp (at rpm) | 146 (6000) | 167 (6000) | 230 (6250) |
| Torque, N*m (at rpm) | 196 (4200) | 222 (4100) | 292 (3750) |
Mitsubishi Outlander all-wheel drive system
The All Wheel Control (AWC) system is a front-wheel drive configuration in which the rear axle is connected using an electronically controlled electromagnetic clutch. Up to 50% of thrust can be directed backwards. There are three modes of operation of the AWC drive - ECO, Auto and Lock. In economy mode, all the torque is transferred to the front axle by default, and the rear is activated only when slipping. The Auto mode distributes the effort in an optimal way, based on the data received by the electronic unit (wheel speed, accelerator pedal position). The lock mode increases the amount of torque transmitted to the rear wheels, which guarantees confident acceleration and more stable behavior on unstable surfaces. The main difference between Lock and Auto is that the rear wheels initially get more traction regardless of whether slip is detected or not. 
The Super All Wheel Control (S-AWC) system is an advanced variation of the conventional AWC, in which an Active Differential (AFD) is installed on the front axle, distributing power between the wheels. Thus, an additional mechanism for controlling the behavior of the car appears. The S-AWC includes a stabilization system, ABS, electric power steering and brake system. Yes, control unit Super system All Wheel Control can, under certain conditions, initiate braking of the wheels, for example, in the event of drift during the passage of a turn.
Full operation mode selector S-AWC drive has four positions: Eco, Normal, Snow and Lock. Snow mode optimizes the system settings for driving on slippery surfaces. 
In an all-wheel drive system with electronic control There are three modes of operation that can be selected by turning the switch depending on road conditions.
The driving modes are as follows.
Control four-wheel drive vehicle requires special driving skills.
Please read the "Using the 4WD" section carefully and maintain a safe driving style.
The choice of the mode is made by rotation of the switch at the included ignition.
- 4WD AUTO
- 4WD LOCK
At the moment of switching the driving mode, the new mode is displayed in the information window of the multifunction display, interrupting the current readings for a while.
After a few seconds, the previous window reappears on the display.
Warning
- It is forbidden to switch the driving mode at the moment when the front wheels are slipping (for example, in snow). This can cause the vehicle to jerk in an unpredictable direction.
- Driving on dry paved roads in 4WD LOCK mode results in increased consumption fuel and increased noise levels.
- It is not recommended to drive in 2WD mode if the wheels are spinning.
This can lead to overheating of transmission units and assemblies.
Note
The driving mode can be switched both in the parking lot and while driving.
The display window appears when the ignition is switched on, then it is displayed for a few seconds after the engine is started. 
The display shows the following driving mode display windows.
| Driving mode | ||
|---|---|---|
| 4WD indicator | LOCK indicator | |
| 2WD | SWITCHED OFF | SWITCHED OFF |
| 4WD AUTO | INCLUDED | SWITCHED OFF |
| 4WD LOCK | INCLUDED | INCLUDED |
Warning
The most common "real" all-wheel drive scheme was used on almost all original front-wheel drive models. There are three differentials here, the center differential (located, depending on the specific scheme, in the gearbox housing or transfer case housing) is blocked, and the moment is evenly distributed between the axles. This principle is similar.
- Pluses - stability on the road, relative predictability of behavior, good cross-country ability and reliability.
- Cons - insufficient coefficient of blocking with a viscous coupling and the speed of its "operation".
| Model | Modifications |
| Lancer-Mirage-Libero | (CCxA*) hatch. 1991-1996, (CDxA) sed. 1991-1996, (CDxW) wag. 1992-1999 |
| Lancer Mirage | (CLxA) 1996-2001 (hatchback), (CMxA) 1996-2000 (sedan) |
| Lancer | Evolution IV (CN9A) 1996.09-1998.02, AYC - option for GSR |
| Lancer | Evolution V (CP9A) 1998.02-1999.01, AYC - option for GSR99, resp. - LSD (RS/GSR99) |
| Lancer | Evolution VI (CP9A) 1999.01-2000.03, AYC for GSR2000 |
| Galant-Emeraude-Eterna | (E7xA, E8xA) 1992-1996 |
| Galant Legnum | (ECxA, ECxW) 1996-2003 |
| Galant Legnum | (EC5A/EC5W) VR-4 (AYC for all) 1996-2002 |
| RVR | (N1xW/N2xW) 1991 - 1997.08 |
| RVR | (N6xW/N7xW) 1997.09 - 2003.01 |
| Chariot/Grandis | (N3xW/N4xW) 1992.06 - 1997.07 |
| Chariot/Grandis | (N8xW/N9xW) 1997.08 - 2002 |
| Diamante Sigma | (F2xA) (sedan) 1990.05-1994.11 |
| Diamante | (F4xA) (sedan) 1994.12-2002.10 |
| GTO/3000GT | (Z1xA) 1990.10-2000.09 |
| Airtrek / Outlander | (CUxW) 2001.03-… |
[hide]
VCU
To uncover...
The gradual move away from full-fledged 4WD was supported by all Japanese automakers, and MMC was no exception.
The scheme with the VCU (Viscous Coupling Unit) is similar to the Toyota V-Flex II - there is no center differential in it, the moment is directed back along the cardan shaft, where it is installed in front of the gearbox, actuating and connecting the cardan shank and input shaft gearbox with significant slippage of the front wheels. The rest of the time the car remains front-wheel drive. An optional rear friction LSD differential was installed.
- Pros - simplicity and cheapness.
- Cons - inadequacy of behavior during active driving, insufficient blocking coefficient, low response speed.
| Model | Modifications |
| Lancer Cedia | (CSxA, CSxW) 2000.05-… |
| Mirage Dingo | (CQxA) 1999.01-2002.12 |
| Dion | (CRxW) 2000.01-… |
| eK Sport-Wagon-Classy | (H81W) 2001.09-… |
| eK Active | (xBA-H81W) 2004.05 -… |
| Minica | (H12V/H15A) 1984-1988 |
| Minica | (H26A/H27A/H27V) 1990.02-1993.08 |
| Minica | (H36A/H37A) 1993.08-1998 |
| Minica | (H46A/H47A) 1998.08-… |
| Minica Toppo | (H27A/H27V) 1990.02-1993.08 |
| Minica Toppo | (H36A/H37V) 1993.08-1997.10 |
| ToppoBJ | (H46A/H47A) 1998.08-2003.08 |
| ToppoBJ Wide | (H48A) 1998.08-2001.06 |
| Colt New | (Z2xA) 2002.11-… |
| Colt Plus New | (Z2xW) 2004.10-… |
[hide]
Multi Select
To uncover...
Of course, the now fashionable scheme with a rear axle connected by an electromechanical clutch, which corresponds, did not stand aside.
In the "2WD" mode, the drive is carried out only on the front wheels. In the "4WD" mode, under normal conditions, the front wheels are involved, but, depending on driving conditions, the control unit can automatically redistribute the moment to the rear axle. In the "LOCK" mode (at low speed), the clutch is completely blocked, while the moment is almost equally divided between the axles.
- Pluses - the connection of the rear wheels is carried out "more reasonably" than in the VCU scheme; it is possible to hard-enable all-wheel drive.
- Cons - not very high survivability; inadequacy of work in the "4WD" mode.
[hide]
ACD+AYC
To uncover...
It must be admitted that the most advanced passenger all-wheel drive system in the world was developed by MMC - for different generations of Lancer Evolution.
There is an interaxle differential, automatically blocked by an electronically controlled hydromechanical clutch (ACD), and the driver can choose the “rigidity” of its blocking independently.
The second most important component is active rear differential(AYC). It allows you to adjust the torque transmitted from the engine to the left and right rear wheels, depending on the surface, the position of the steering wheel and accelerator pedal, wheel speed and vehicle speed. In a turn, the greatest moment is supplied to the outer wheel, which creates an additional turning moment. On slippery or uneven surfaces, AYC replaces the self-locking differential (the most torque goes to the wheel with the best grip). Beginning with Evolution VIII an improved Super-AYC differential is used, which differs instead of a conical and feedback control scheme.
- Pros - cross-country ability, controllability, maximum "intelligence".
- Cons - the complexity and cost of the design.
[hide]
Part Time (EasySelect)
To uncover...
One of the simplest types of 4WD (on some models it is called EasySelect) - with a connected front axle, without a center differential - is used on original rear-wheel drive models.
The scheme provides for direct control of the transfer case using a lever. Initially, the connection of the front drive shafts with the wheels was carried out mechanical clutches freewheel ("hubs") with manual or automatic drive. On more recent models to facilitate the connection process front axle the ADD system is used, which, with the help of a pneumatic drive, disconnects one of the front axle shafts.
- Pros - the relative simplicity of design, the presence of a downshift.
- Cons - 4WD mode can only be used on slippery surface(ice, snow, wet road) and for a limited time - otherwise noise, fuel consumption increase, handling deteriorates, tires and the transmission elements themselves wear out. "Manual" hubs are reliable, but not very convenient to use, and automatic ones are far from ideal in terms of survivability.
| Model | Modifications |
| Pajero III | (V64W/V74W) 1999.06-… (opt. - rear hybrid LSD / DiffLock) |
| Challenger/ Pajero Sport / Montero Sport | (K9xW) 1996.05-… (opt. - rear hybrid LSD) |
| L200 / Strada | (K7xT) 1996.12-… (opt. - rear friction LSD / DiffLock) |
| Delica Space Gear | (PDxW/PExW/PFxW) 1994.03-… (opt. - rear friction LSD / hybrid LSD) |
| Pajero II | (V2xW/V4xW) 1990.10-1999.11 (optional - rear friction LSD / hybrid LSD / DiffLock) |
| L200/Strada | (K3xT) 1991.03-1997.05 (optional - rear friction LSD) |
| Delica Star Wagon/L300 | 1987.09-1999.06 (P2xW/P3xW/P4xW) (optional - rear friction LSD) |
| Pajero Mini | (H56A/H58A) 1996.06-… |
| Pajero junior | (H57A) 1995.10-1998.04 |
| Town Box | (U62W/U62V/U62T/U64W) 1998.11-… (opt. - rear friction LSD) |
| Town Box Wide | (U66W) 1999.04-2001.06 (optional - rear friction LSD) |
Part of the Pajero III received as an option MATC (Mitsubishi Active Traction Control), a dynamic traction control system that, on paved roads, works like traction control, and off-road imitates blocking of the front and rear cross-axle differentials, slowing down the slipping wheel. In 4H mode, off-road capability is thus markedly improved without the need for a central differential lock. This system analyzes driving conditions through sensors that measure speed, vehicle body torque and lateral acceleration, as well as steering angle and longitudinal acceleration. Cons - less efficiency compared to DiffLock, uneven wear of the pads is possible, when the ABS goes into emergency mode, the blocking disappears.
Also with the Super Select transmission, the so-called. multimode ABS. Front and rear brakes are controlled by three independent channels, which allows you to apply exactly the right braking force to each wheel. However, when the center differential lock is engaged, different wheel traction coefficients and correspondingly different braking force can cause the transmission to twist and the vehicle to vibrate. Mitsubishi has solved this problem for the first time in the world by creating a multi-mode ABS, which also works in the locked center differential mode.
The AWC system has three modes controlled by the electronic unit using the knob commands on the center console:
- 2WD(referred to as 4WD ECO in some markets): formally front-wheel drive, this mode involves transferring a small amount of torque to the rear wheels to reduce noise from the rear axle. According to some reports, in this mode, a transfer of torque to the rear axle can also occur with noticeable slippage.
- 4WD Auto: doses up to 40% of the torque to the rear wheels, depending on the position of the accelerator pedal (the more it is pressed, the more the clutch is closed), the difference in the speeds of the front and rear wheels (it closes when slipping and opens when it is absent) and vehicle speed. When the gas pedal is fully pressed, up to 40% of the thrust is sent back, at a speed of more than 64 km / h, the torque transfer is reduced to 25%. At steady cruising speed, up to 15% of the torque is delivered to the rear wheels, and at low speeds in tight corners, the coupling closure is reduced, ensuring smooth cornering.
- 4WD Lock: the clutch closes without waiting for slippage, and at low speed sends up to 60% of the moment to the rear wheels (when the accelerator pedal is fully depressed on a dry road), and at high speed the moment is distributed equally between the axles. In tight corners, the torque at the rear axle in this mode is also not reduced as much as in 4WD Auto.
In all modes, the electronics continues to change the degree of clutch closure, however, structurally it cannot close it completely, i.e. there is always slippage and heat generation in the clutch. The role of interwheel locks is assigned to the stabilization system, which slows down the slipping wheels.
| Driving mode | dry road | snow covered road | ||
| wheels | front | rear | front | rear |
| Acceleration | 69% | 31% | 50% | 50% |
| at 30km/h | at 15km/h | |||
| 85% | 15% | 64% | 36% | |
| at 80km/h | at 40km/h | |||
| Steady speed | 84% | 16% | 74% | 26% |
| at 80 km/h | at 40 km/h | |||
Due to the constant overheating of the clutch and its inability to bear a noticeable load for a long time, this type of drive can only be considered complete with a very large stretch and is only suitable for improving controllability on hard surfaces. It is used, in addition to Outlander XL, ASX, also on the latest Lancer.
To uncover...
Components and functions:
| Component | Function |
| Engine ECU | |
| ABS/ASC-ECU | Transmits via CAN signals required by 4WD-ECU:
|
| Drive mode switch 2WD/4WD/LOCK | Translates the position of the drive mode switch (2WD/4WD/LOCK) for 4WD-ECU. |
| ETACS-ECU |
|
| 4WD-ECU | The system evaluates road conditions and, based on signals from all ECUs and the drive mode switch, directs the required amount of torque to the rear wheels. Calculation of the optimal clutch compression force based on driving conditions and the current drive mode based on signals from all ECUs and the drive mode switch. |
| Management of the 4WD operation indicator and the lock indicator in the instrument cluster. | |
| Management of functions of self-diagnostics and fault tolerance. | |
| Diagnostic function control (compatible with MUT-III). | |
| Electronic clutch control | 4WD-ECU transmits the torque corresponding to the current conditions to the rear wheels via a clutch. |
Drive mode indicator
| A built-in indicator in the instrument cluster indicates the selected drive mode switch mode (not displayed in 2WD mode).
|
| Diagnostic connector | Output of diagnostic codes and communication with MUT-III. |
System configuration:
Control scheme:
AWC electronic control wiring diagram:
Mechanical design:
Electronic clutch control consists of a front housing (front housing), main clutch (main clutch), main cam mechanism (main cam), ball (ball), controlled cam mechanism (pilot cam), armature (armature), controlled clutch (pilot clutch ), rear housing (rear housing), magnetic coil (magnetic coil) and shaft (shaft).
- The front housing is connected to the cardan shaft and rotates with the shaft.
- In front of the housing, the main (main clutch) and controlled clutches (pilot clutch) are mounted on the shaft (shaft), while the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) is installed through the cam stop (pilot cam).
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System operation
To uncover...
Clutch Disengaged (2WD). The moment from the transfer case through the cardan shaft (propeller shaft) is transmitted to the front of the housing (front housing). Because the electromagnetic coil (magnetic coil) is de-energized, the pilot clutch and main clutch are not engaged and the drive force is not transmitted to the shaft (shaft) and the gear drive (drive pinion) of the rear differential.
Clutch engaged (4WD). The moment from the transfer case through the cardan shaft (propeller shaft) is transmitted to the front of the housing (front housing). Because the electromagnetic coil (magnetic coil) is energized, a magnetic field is created between the rear housing (rear housing), controlled friction (pilot clutch) and armature (armature). The magnetic field acts on the controlled clutch and fittings and turns on the clutch. When the controlled clutch is engaged, torque is transmitted to the controlled cam mechanism (pilot cam). In response to this force, the ball (ball) in the cam mechanism (main cam) (pilot cam) is retracted and generates a translational impulse. This impulse acts on the main clutch, and the torque is transmitted to the rear wheels through the shaft and the rear differential gear drive.
The moment transmitted to the rear wheels is controlled by changing the current supplied to the clutch winding.
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S-AWC and Twin Motor 4WD
To uncover...
Along with the update of the Outlander XL (now it's Outlander Sport) and the loss of its aggressive design from Akinori Nakanishi, the flawed AWC drive in the top version of the model was replaced by the so-called Super-AWC, or S-AWC. In fact, this is a modified ACD + AYC drive, discussed above, where the ACD center differential is replaced with an AFD electromagnetic active LSD differential and supplemented with electronic assistants (EPS steering system to smooth out jerks from AFD operation, active ABS and ESP systems). The S-AWC is based on the principle of thrust vector control, when the automatic control of the front differential, rear axle clutch, brakes and power steering distributes the moments transmitted to all wheels. The key factor is that the system takes into account the angular velocities.
The S-AWC system has three configurations (one of which - the original ACD + AYC - is considered as a reference):
The AFD LSD center differential used in the S-AWC transmission is basically an electromagnetic clutch and, like the AYC, is able to control the torques delivered to the front wheels. The locking mechanism is produced by the English company GKN - it also supplies the center clutch. To compress the clutches, the four-wheel drive control unit supplies current to the electromagnet winding - and if there is a difference in the speeds of rotation of the front wheels, the two discs of the ball pressure mechanism rotate relative to each other, creating an axial force that compresses the clutches (just like in the AWC transmission). The degree of differential lock is constantly changed by electronics, but a rigid connection between the axle shafts is not possible. Those. in difficult conditions, AYC on the rear axle will not make the weather, because the right moment will not hit it, and in general the rear axle can turn off due to overheating at any time.
The S-AWC transmission has four operating modes:
- AWC ECO supplies torque only to the front axle (“to save fuel”) and connects the rear axle only when slipping;
- NORMAL optimally distributes torque to all wheels in accordance with road conditions;
- SNOW designed for snow, ice and other slippery surfaces;
- LOCK closes all differentials, providing the greatest off-road potential.
Also, a separate case is the option in which the front and rear axles are not interconnected at all and each is driven independently by its own electric motor:
There is also intrigue here, because. according to various data from the same Mitsubishi, both AYC differentials and conventional open differentials can be used on the axles. Or, for example, on the front axle - open, and on the rear - AYC.
Twin Motors 4WD has only two modes - "NORMAL" for normal conditions and "4WD LOCK" for difficult ones. At the same time, say, Autoreview tests show that the Twin Motor 4WD transmission is unable to overcome any difficult conditions. From the word "absolutely":
First we went to where it is customary to use all-wheel drive in winter - in the snow. Started with a hybrid and... immediately finished: PHEV instantly stuck! ... The algorithm of the power plant is a mystery. Step on the gas and only the front axle rotates. And the next time the rear wheels start spinning, but the front wheels are in place. You release the right pedal - and the rotation continues for some time!
Mitsubishi has been studying the use of all-wheel drive systems in practice in order to determine which technological solution will be most suitable for this type of car, and most convenient for future owners of this compact crossover.
Engineers turned away from the traditional solution - the use of an automatic transmission with an on-demand all-wheel drive connection. Such systems are based on the fact that when the front wheels slip, part of the torque is redistributed to the rear wheels. Mitsubishi specialists understood that the consumer was more interested in systems that actively reduce the likelihood of wheel slip.
The previous Outlander had full-time four-wheel drive with a viscous-locked center differential, a 50:50 drive split providing excellent performance in harsh weather conditions, but fuel consumption was high for everyday use. Mitsubishi aimed to give the new Outlander the same, or better, performance in heavy-duty use, with minimal changes in fuel consumption.
This is how the MITSUBISHI AWC (All Wheel Control) all-wheel drive transmission system appeared. From English, All Wheel Control literally translates as control of all wheels. This system provides the driver with a choice of drive type. The system is essentially a combination of a special all-wheel drive transmission Multi-Select 4WD and electronic torque distribution, and besides this modern traction control and stability control. Thanks to the AWC system, excellent traction of the car's wheels with the road and excellent handling on slippery sections of the track are achieved. To ensure optimal transmission performance, it is enough to select one of the three modes presented on the center console "2WD", "4WD" or "Lock".
| Driving mode | Description | Advantages |
| 2WD | Sends torque to the front wheels | Better fuel economy, reduced vehicle noise, better handling. This also retains the possibility that the control unit directs torque to the rear axle to reduce its noise. |
| 4WD Auto | It doses the direction of the torque to the rear wheels depending on the position of the accelerator pedal and the difference in the speeds of the front and rear wheels | Optimal torque distribution for given driving conditions. The distribution of torque between the front and rear axles is carried out automatically by the electronic unit depending on the vehicle driving parameters (front and rear wheel speeds, accelerator pedal position and vehicle speed). 2 wheel drive mode is preferred. |
| 4WD Lock | 1.5 times more torque is sent to the rear wheels than in 4WD mode | Increases traction, provides stability at high speed and better flotation on uneven or slippery surfaces. The LOCK mode is similar to the 4WD mode, but with a modified law of torque distribution between the axles. At low speed, 1.5 times more torque is supplied to the rear axle, and at high speed, the torque is distributed equally between the axles. |
Two drive modes
4WD Auto
When "4WD Auto" is selected, the Outlander's 4WD all-wheel drive system constantly distributes a portion of the torque to the rear wheels, automatically increasing this ratio when the gas pedal is pressed. The clutch directs up to 40% of traction to the rear wheels at full throttle and reduces this by up to 25% at speeds over 40mph. In steady motion at cruising speed, up to 15% of the available torque is sent to the rear wheels. At low speeds in tight corners, the force is reduced, providing smooth cornering.
4WD Lock
For driving in particularly difficult conditions, such as snow, the driver can select the "4WD Lock" mode. When the lock is on, the system still automatically redistributes torque between the front and rear wheels, but most of the torque is transferred to the rear wheels. For example, when accelerating on a hill, the clutch will immediately transfer most of the torque to the rear wheels to provide all four wheels with traction. On the contrary, automatic four-wheel drive "on demand" will first "wait" for slipping of the front wheels, and only then will transfer torque to the rear wheels, which can interfere with acceleration.
On dry roads, the 4WD Lock mode provides efficient acceleration. More torque is sent to the rear wheels for more power, better handling when accelerating on snowy or loose roads, and improved stability at high speeds. The proportion of rear-wheel torque is increased by 50% compared to 4WD mode, which means that up to 60% of the available torque is directed to the rear wheels when the accelerator pedal is fully depressed on dry roads. In 4WD Lock mode, in tight corners, rear wheel torque is not reduced to the same extent as when driving in 4WD Auto mode.
The ratio of torque to the front / rear wheels in 4WD mode has the following values:
| Driving mode | dry road | snow covered road | ||
| wheels | front | rear | front | rear |
| Acceleration | 69% | 31% | 50% | 50% |
| at 30 km/h | at 30 km/h | at 15 km/h | at 15 km/h | |
| 85% | 15% | 64% | 36% | |
| at 80 km/h | at 80 km/h | at 40 km/h | at 40 km/h | |
| Steady speed | 84% | 16% | 74% | 26% |
| at 80 km/h | at 80 km/h | at 40 km/h | at 40 km/h | |
Structural scheme
System components and functions
|
Component name |
Functioning |
|
|
|
Transmits the following signals to the required 4WD-ECU via CAN.
|
|
|
Drive mode switch 2WD/4WD/LOCK |
Transmits drive mode switch position signal for 4WD-ECU. |
|
|
|
The system evaluates road conditions and, based on signals from each ECU, the drive mode switch, directs the required amount of torque to the rear wheels. Calculation of the optimal differential limiting force judging by the condition of the car and the current drive mode based on the signals from each ECU, the drive mode switch, controls the current value delivered to the electronic control link. |
|
|
Performance management (4WD work indicator and lock indicator) in the instrument cluster. |
|
|
Controls the self-diagnosis function and failover function. |
|
|
Diagnostic function control (compatible with MUT-III). |
|
|
Electronic clutch control |
4WD-ECU sends the torque corresponding to the current value to the rear wheels. |
|
Drive mode indicator
|
Embedded in the instrument cluster indicates the selected drive mode switch mode (not displayed in 2WD mode).
|
|
Diagnostic connector |
Displays diagnostic codes and establishes communication with MUT-III. |
system configuration
Control scheme
Electronic control wiring diagram 4 WD
Design
Electronic clutch control consists of a front housing (front housing), main clutch (main clutch), main cam mechanism (main cam), ball (ball), controlled cam mechanism (pilot cam), armature (armature), controlled clutch (pilot clutch ), rear housing (rear housing), magnetic coil (magnetic coil), and shaft (shaft).
- The front housing is connected to the cardan shaft and rotates with the shaft.
- In front of the housing, the main clutch (main clutch) and the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) are mounted on the shaft (shaft) (the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) is installed through the cam stop (pilot cam)).
- The shaft is meshed through the teeth with the drive pinion of the rear differential.
Functioning
Clutch Disengaged (2WD: Magnetic coil de-energized.)
The driving force from the transfer case through the propeller shaft is transmitted to the front housing (front housing). Because the magnetic coil (magnetic coil) is de-energized, the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) and the main clutch (main clutch) are not engaged and the drive force is not transmitted to the shaft (shaft) and the gear drive (drive pinion) of the rear differential.
Clutch works (4WD: Magnetic coils energized.)
The driving force from the transfer case through the propeller shaft is transmitted to the front housing (front housing). When the magnetic coil is energized, a magnetic field is created between the rear housing, controlled by the pilot clutch, and the armature. The magnetic field acts on the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) and armature (armature) includes the clutch (pilot clutch). When the controlled clutch (pilot clutch) is engaged, the driving force is transferred to the controlled cam mechanism (pilot cam). In response to this force, the ball (ball) in the cam mechanism (main cam) (pilot cam) is retracted and generates a translational impulse. This impulse acts on the main clutch (main clutch) and the torque is transmitted to the rear wheels through the shaft and the rear differential gear drive.
By adjusting the current supplied to the magnetic coil, the amount of driving force transmitted to the rear wheels can be adjusted from 0 to 100%.
