The same question is often asked on the topic "what about diesels in BMW?", or "what kind of diesel should I buy"?
Instead of an answer, accept a short essay on the topic "diesel in BMW".
Diesel engine has more high efficiency in the mode of full return and noticeably higher - in the mode of partial loads and idling. The principles of its operation interfere with the gasoline engine - the presence of a throttle, the formation of a mixture outside the combustion chamber, the inability to work on lean mixtures. Partial load mode for him is uncomfortable and extremely harmful. In this sense, the advantage of the diesel engine is absolute.
- its average temperature is noticeably lower, and in the mode of partial loads and idling, a modern diesel engine may not even warm up to the nominal operating temperature. Thanks to these features, the diesel engine is almost not afraid of traffic jams, and even more so - idling: it’s not so scary to stop it with an everyday plug start-stop. The heat dissipation of a diesel (turbodiesel) is not only lower, but also "smarter" - the presence of a turbine is almost a guarantee that in a traffic jam you do not load the engine with excessive power - it almost does not work at low speeds.
In the bottom line, from the point of view of the load on the oil, which, by the way, in a diesel engine is always about 20% more than in a gasoline counterpart of a similar displacement, a diesel engine qualitatively outperforms a gasoline engine.
It is also possible to recalculate, for example, the power dissipated on average per volume of oil, etc. - in all this, the diesel internal combustion engine wins with a margin and "for a clear advantage." And if we also recall the "traditionalist" conservative manners and fads to change the oil in a diesel engine every 7-10 thousand kilometers (well, we have "dirty diesel fuel" - and advertising is blatantly lying about EURO5, and the oil is already " black" is), then the diesel engine, in terms of the expected resource, is almost eternal even under conditions Russian exploitation. Let's add here a few more possible factors that characterize the likely favorable conditions for the movement of such cars - diesel engines are often bought by those who travel far and at a high average speed ...
Total: a modern diesel engine is significantly different from a modern gasoline engine in terms of the expected resource precisely due to a successful confluence technological features. I'll tell you how much below.
Now questions that are often asked on this topic:
How modern are BMW diesel engines?
BMW makes some of the highest quality and modern diesels- they are economical, high-torque and reliable. In the most modern versions, they are also very quiet, which cannot be said about most competitors. BMW latest For 20 years, he has been doing nothing but turning his successful gasoline engines "into diesels", trying to get "ecology and economy" out of them through monstrous technological tricks. The results, if you do not take into account the victory in the "engine of the year" competition, are actually deplorable. But in the design of a diesel engine, it is deprived of a huge amount of technological and environmental debris: VANOS, Valvetronic, a controlled thermostat, and so on. Diesels are just improving in technology, with minimal environmental troubles. At the time of 2012, in the battle of gasoline / diesel, diesel unconditionally wins.
What can be said about specific models?
M21 - never seen.
M51 - I saw a couple of times, an ordinary tractor.
M57- great option for X5. On a sedan, it seems strange to me, although this is a matter of taste.
The N57 is a quiet, almost "gasoline" diesel engine. If not for the short rev range, it would be difficult to distinguish from a gasoline turbo engine.
N47 / M47 - loud, but very economical motors. There are seemingly already solved problems with the timing, which are not at all easy to solve if you still encounter them. In any case, this is a choice for savings.
Are there any statistics?
Complete measurement and inspection diesel internal combustion engines requires removal of the injectors. This is not a quick or cheap procedure. I do not have measurement statistics for these motors, and there are few requests for them in principle. The reasons are explained in the next paragraph.
Resource?
Even with unsuccessful "recommended" oil and equally unsuccessful analogues of this oil, you run the risk of leaving without problems 200-250 thousand km and even more. And this is practically without oil consumption and on almost any of the BMW diesels. With the condition, of course, that the motor did not overheat and was operated normally. Subsequently, problems will arise about the same as those of gasoline counterparts. The processes in the CPG there are completely similar, they just happen more slowly and the threshold of visibility, thus, is pushed back by guaranteed 5-7 years of completely comfortable operation. The more your annual mileage and the higher average speed- the further the moment of the onset of problems with oil consumption is postponed. What the owner of a gasoline engine should worry about already on a run of 40-60 thousand (!), His diesel counterpart may not be disturbed at all during the entire time of owning a car.
Problems?
I consider the fuel equipment to be the main problem - it is really expensive for a diesel engine. One gas station "with sand" and repair can unpleasantly surprise you with its cost. However, if you use "regular" oil, problems will definitely appear in the above interval, it's just that most will not even consider them problems. The vast majority of owners of gasoline BMWs show no signs of anxiety at all up to an oil consumption of 1 liter per 1000 km.
In the case of a diesel engine, which during the first years of operation, most likely, will not consume oil at all, the owner will not be afraid of even 1, 2 or even 3 liters per 10,000 km. Most likely, the logic “well, thanks for holding out for 5 years, and now you can forgive” will work, instead of the reasonable logic “I didn’t eat at all, why did I start now?”.
BMW N57 engine
N57D30 engine specifications
| Production | Steyr Plant |
| Engine brand | N57 |
| Release years | 2008-present |
| Block material | aluminum |
| engine's type | diesel |
| Configuration | in-line |
| Number of cylinders | 6 |
| Valves per cylinder | 4 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 90 |
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 84 |
| Compression ratio | 16.5 |
| Engine volume, cc | 2993 |
| Engine power, hp / rpm | 204/4000 245/4000 258/4000 306/4400 313/4400 381/4000-4400 |
| Torque, Nm/rpm | 450/1750-2500 540/1750-3000 560/1500-3000 600/1500-2500 630/1500-2500 740/2000-3000 |
| Environmental regulations | Euro 5 Euro 6 |
| Turbocharger | Garrett GTB2260VK Garrett GTB2056VZK BorgWarner K26+BV40 2x BorgWarner BV45+B2 |
| Engine weight, kg | - |
| Fuel consumption, l/100 km (for 530d F10) - city - track - mixed. |
6.4 4.9 5.4 |
| Oil consumption, g/1000 km | up to 700 |
| Engine oil | 5W-30 5W-40 |
| How much oil is in the engine, l | 6.5 7.2 (N57S) |
| Oil change is carried out, km | 7000-8000 |
| Operating temperature of the engine, hail. | - |
| Engine resource, thousand km - according to the plant - on practice |
- 300+ |
| Tuning, HP - potential - no loss of resource |
300+ - |
| The engine was installed | BMW 325d/330d/335d E90/F30 BMW 430d/435d F32 BMW 525d/530d/535d/M550d F10 BMW 640d F13 BMW 730d/740d/750d F01 BMW X3 F25 BMW X4 F26 BMW X5 E70/F15 BMW X6 E71/F16 range rover |
Reliability, problems and repair of the BMW N57 engine
The year 2008 was marked by the release of another in-line 6-cylinder N57 turbodiesel, which was supposed to replace everyone's favorite BMW M57. New engine used closed aluminum block cylinders with cast iron sleeves and with an intercylinder distance of 91 mm, a forged crankshaft is installed inside the block with a piston stroke of 90 mm, a cylinder diameter of 84 mm,and the height of the pistons is 47 mm. As a result, we have a working volume of 3 liters.
They covered the block with an aluminum cylinder head, which is slightly lower than that of the M57 predecessor. Twin-shaft head, 4 valves per cylinder, intake valves diameter 27.2 mm, exhaust valves 24.6 mm, valve stem diameter 5 mm.
To ensure the safety of pedestrians and increase the distance between the engine and the hood, the timing drive has been moved to back engine.
The timing chain on the N57 is single-row and lasts longer than on the 4-cylinder counterpart N47. The chain resource exceeds 200 thousand km.
The N57 uses a 3rd version common rail injection system, a CP 4.2 injection pump and, of course, a turbocharger with an intercooler is installed. The turbine here is a Garrett GTB2260VK with variable geometry, which inflates up to 1.65 bar.
This engine matches environmental standards Euro 5.
Like the M57, it uses a swirl flap intake manifold and an EGR exhaust gas recirculation system.The engine is controlled by a Bosch DDE7.3 ECU.
In September 2009, BMW 740d cars with the N57 TOP engine went on sale. It is equipped with a modified exhaust, piezo injectors and a two-stage turbocharging system, where the second stage has a variable geometry turbine and a boost pressure of 2.05 bar. Turbines here are BorgWarner K26 and BV40. Drives a Bosch DDE 7.31 motor.
Since 2011, the production of modified N57TU diesel engines began, which became a little more economical, received slightly modified combustion chambers, Garrett GTB2056VZK, solenoid injectors, and also began to comply with Euro-6 environmental standards. The control unit here is Bosch DDE7.41.
Released in 2012 top variant from this series - N57TU Super or N57S, which was developed on the basis of N57 TOP. It was distinguished by a reinforced cylinder block, new pistons for a compression ratio of 16, a different crankshaft, an improved cylinder head cooling system, the strength of which was also increased. Inlet and exhaust valves(29.2/26 mm), the camshafts have not changed. Also here is a new short intake system, piezo injectors and a modified fuel system with increased injection pressure, and the exhaust complies with Euro-6 standards. The N57S uses a Bosch DDE7.31 ECU.
The most important thing that distinguishes the N57S is three-stage supercharging: there are two BorgWarner BV45 and one B2 turbines, which allow you to get 381 hp. at 4000-4400 rpm and a torque of 740 Nm at 2000-3000 rpm.
In parallel with the N57, a related 4-cylinder diesel engine N47 was produced, which is a smaller copy of the N57 and, in addition to the absence of two cylinders, differs mainly in turbines, intake and exhaust.
Starting in 2015, the N57 is gradually being replaced by the newer B57 diesels.
BMW N57D30 engine modifications
1. N57D30O0 (2008 - 2014) - the very first N57 diesel. Its power is 245 hp. at 4000 rpm, torque 540 Nm at 1750-3000 rpm. They put this motor on the BMW 530d F10 and F07, 730d F01, X5 E70 and X6 E71.
For the BMW 325d E90, the torque has been reduced to 520 Nm.
2. N57D30U0 (2010 - 2013) - the weakest modification of the N57 with a Garrett GTB2260VK turbine. Engine power 204 hp at 4000 rpm, torque 450 Nm at 1750-2500 rpm. This motor is found on the BMW 325d E90 and 525d F10. This ICE was replaced with a 4-cylinder N47.
3. N57D30T0 (2009 - 2014) - the most powerful N57 engine, which replaced the M57TU2 TOP. It develops 306 hp. at 4400 rpm, torque 600 Nm at 1500-2500 rpm.
They put N57 TOP on BMW X6 E71, X5 E70 and 740d F01. For the 535d F10 and 535d GT F07 cars, power has been reduced to 299 hp.
4. N57D30O1 (2011 - present) - an engine from the N57TU series, which replaced the N57D30O0. Power 258 hp at 4000 rpm, torque 560 Nm at 1500-3000 rpm. There is such a modification on the BMW 530d F10 / F07, 730d F01, 330d GT F34, 330d F30, 430d F32, X3 F25, X4 F26, X5 F15 and X6 F16.
5. N57D30T1 / N57TU (2011 - present) - replacement for the N57D30T0 model. Power reached 313 hp. at 4400 rpm, and a torque of 630 Nm at 1500-2500 rpm. This motor pleases the owners of 335d F30, 335d GT F34, 435d F32, 535d F10, 535d GT F07, 640d F13, 740d F01, X3 F25, X4 F26, X5 F15 and X6 F16.
6. N57D30S1 (2012 - present) - N57 engine with three turbines, which allow you to get 381 hp. at 4000-4400 rpm and a torque of 740 Nm at 2000-3000 rpm. Such an engine can be found in the BMW M550d F10, 750d F01, as well as the X5 F15 / E70, X6 F16 / E71 with the designation M50d.
Problems and disadvantages of BMW N57 engines
1. Swirl flaps. Unlike the M series, here they cannot fly into the engine, but they are able to coke so much that they stop moving, as a result of which the car will start to run unevenly and produce errors. The reason for this is the EGR valve, which needs to be periodically cleaned or programmatically removed, because often already at 100 thousand km the collector can be completely clogged with dirt.
2. Noises, extraneous sounds. As on the N47, the crankshaft damper fails here early (after about 100 thousand km) and needs to be replaced. After 200 thousand km extraneous sound from the back of the motor indicates the need to pay attention to the timing chain, it may need to be replaced.
The turbine resource is normal and is approximately 200 thousand km or more. In order for the motor to serve for an extremely long and trouble-free time, you should not delay changing the oil and use only high-quality engine oils, as well as regularly service your engine and pour good fuel. In this case, the resource N57 can greatly exceed 300 thousand km.
BMW N57 engine tuning
Chip tuning
Simple versions of the engine with one turbine of the N57 series (204 hp and 245 hp) with one block firmware are tuned up to 300 hp, and with a downpipe up to 320 hp. N57TU engines give 10-15 hp. more. These are the most profitable internal combustion engines for tuning.
The power of the N57 diesel with two turbines can be raised to 360+ hp. firmware and downpipe. Models with N57TU allow you to get about 380 hp. with the same set.
The most evil and perfect diesel engine N57S with firmware and downpipe can show 440 hp. and 840 Nm.
List of all BMW engines. Options for 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-, 12- and 16-cylinder power units, their technical characteristics, photos, years of production, models on which were applied.
BMW petrol engines
BMW 1 cylinder gasoline engines
- M240/M241 (1954-1962) 0.2-0.3 l.
Inline 2 cylinder petrol engines BMW
- M102 (1957-1959) 0.6 l.
- M107/M107S (1959-1965) 0.7L
- W20 (since 2014) 0.6 l.
BMW in-line 3-cylinder petrol engines
A new generation of engines installed on MINI and BMW cars:
- B38 (since 2011) 1.2-1.5 liters. (DOHC)
Inline 4-cylinder BMW petrol engines
An inline four-cylinder engine or a straight four-cylinder engine is an engine internal combustion which is mounted in straight or along the plane of the crankcase.
The cylinder block can be oriented in a vertical or inclined plane with all the crankshaft pistons.
An in-line four-cylinder engine is designated I4 or L4. Below is the line BMW engines:
- DA - engine for Dixi (1929-1932) 0.7 l.
- M68 (1932-1936) 0.7-0.8 l.
- M10 (1960-1987) 1.5-2.0 liters. (SOHC)
- S14 (1986-1991) 2.0-2.5 liters. (DOHC)
- M40 (1987-1995) 1.6-1.8 liters. (SOHC)
- M42 (1989-1996) 1.8L (DOHC)
- M43 (1991-2002) 1.6 / 1.8 / 1.9 liters. (SOHC)
- M44 (1996-2001) 1.9L (DOHC)
- N40 (from 2001 to 2004) 1.6 liters.
- N42 (2001-2004) 1.8-2.0 liters. (DOHC, VANOS, Valvetronic) - won the international award "Engine of the Year"
- N43 (2007-2011) 1.6-2.0 liters. (DOHC, direct injection)
- N45 (2004-2011) 1.6-2.0 liters. (DOHC, VANOS)
- N46 (2004-2007) 1.8-2.0 liters. (DOHC, VANOS, Valvetronic)
- N13 (2011) 1.6 l. (turbocharged, DOHC, VANOS, VALVETRONIC, direct injection)
- N20 (2011) 2.0L (turbocharged, DOHC, VANOS, VALVETRONIC, direct injection) - won the international European Engine of the Year Award
- N26 (2012) 2.0L (turbocharged, DOHC, VANOS, VALVETRONIC, direct injection)
- B48 (2013)
- P45 (2.0 l.)
BMW in-line 6-cylinder petrol engines
BMW cars are best known for their in-line six-cylinder engines. The six-cylinder in-line engine is an internal combustion engine.
All six cylinders are arranged in a row, in the following order: 1-5-3-6-2-4. The pistons rotate in one common crankshaft. Designated as R6 - from the German "Reihe" - a row, or I6 (Straight-6) and L6 (In-Line-Six).
The cylinders can be in a vertical position or at a fixed angle relative to the vertical.
With a vertical inclination of the cylinders, the engine is usually called Slant-6.
V-shaped engine - all six cylinders are arranged in two rows of three cylinders in a row, thus forming a V-shaped arrangement. The pistons rotate on one common crankshaft. Designated as V6 (from the English. "Vee-Six"). The V-twin engine is the second most popular after the inline four-cylinder engine. Camber angles are 90, 60 or 120 degrees. There are also options 15°, 45°, 54°, 65° or 75°.
At the moment BMW company produces 6-cylinder engines with an in-line arrangement of cylinders
Below are the modifications of BMW engines:
- M78 (1933) 1.2-1.9 L.
- M328 (1936) 2.0-2.1 L.
- M335 (1939) 3.5 L.
- M337 (1952) 2.0-2.1 L.
- M30 (1968) 2.5-3.5 L.
- M20 (1977) 2.0-2.7 L. (SOHC. Early versions of the M20 are sometimes referred to as the "M60", although the M60 has since been used for the V8 engine first delivered in 1992)
- M88/M90 (1978) 3.5L for M1/M5/M6
- S38 (1986 - 1996) up to 3.8 liters. (DOHC)
- M102 (1980) 3.2 L. (turbo)
- M106 (1982) 3.4L (turbo)
- M50 (1989) 2.0-3.0 L. (DOHC 24V with VANOS on M50TU)
- M52 (1994) 2.0-2.8 L. (DOHC 24V with VANOS/Double-VANOS on M52TU) - two International Engine of the Year awards
- S50 (1995) 3.0L (for BMW M3)
- S52 (1996) 3.2L (for BMW M3)
- M54 (2000) 2.2-3.0 L. (aluminum DOHC 24V with Double-VANOS)
- M56 (2002) 2.5 L.
- S54 (2002) 3.2L (DOHC) - six Engine of the Year awards
- N51 (motor for US cars)
- N52 (2005) 2.5-3.0 liters. (magnesium/aluminum DOHC 24V with Double-VANOS and Valvetronic) -two Engine of the Year awards
- N54 (2006) 3.0L (aluminum DOHC 24V turbocharged) - five International Engine of the Year awards
- N53 (2007) 2.5-3.0 liters. (magnesium/aluminum/DOHC 24V with Double-VANOS and High Precision Injection (Gasoline direct injection))
- N55 (2009) 3.0L ( TwinPower Turbo, Valvetronic and High Precision Injection)
- S55 (2013) 3.0L (TwinPower Turbo, VALVETRONIC and Double-VANOS)
V-shaped 8-cylinder BMW gasoline engines
The 8-cylinder V-engine is an internal combustion engine.
All eight cylinders are arranged in two rows of four cylinders in a row, thus forming a V-shaped arrangement.
The pistons rotate on one common crankshaft. Designated as V8 - (from the English. "Vee-Eight").
Below are the power BMW units with 8 cylinders:
- BMW OHV V8 (1954 - 1965) 2.6-3.2 liters.
- M60 (1992) 3.0-4.0 L.
- M62 - S62 (1994 - 2005) 3.5-4.4 liters.
- N62 (2001) 3.6-4.6 liters. (with fuel injection SFI, Double-VANOS and Valvetronic) - three International awards "Engine of the Year"
- N62 / S (2004-2006) 4.8 liters. for X5 4.8is
- P60B40 (2005) 4.0L
- S65 (2007) 4.0L for E90/92/93 M3 - two International Engine of the Year awards
- N63 (2008) 4.4 l. turbocharged
- S63 (2009) 4.4L turbocharged (TwinPower Turbo)
- P65 (4.0 l.)
V-shaped 10-cylinder petrol engine BMW
The V10 engine is an internal combustion engine with 10 cylinders arranged in two rows of five cylinders. Essentially the V10 is the result of crossing two inline 5 cylinder engines.
- S85 (2005) 5.0L for E60 M5 and E63 M6 four International Engine of the Year awards
V-shaped 12-cylinder BMW power units
V12 engine is V-engine with 12 cylinders mounted in two rows of six cylinders on one crankshaft. Typically, but not always, at 60° to each other. In V12 engines, two rows of six cylinders are arranged at angles of 60°, 120° or 180°.
- M70 (1986) 5.0L
- M72 (4-valve M70 prototype)
- S70 - S70 / 2 - S70 / 3 (since 1992) 5.6 - 6.1 liters.
- M73 (1993) 5.4 L. - won the International Engine of the Year award
- N73 (2003) 6.0L
- N74 (2009) 6.0L turbocharged (TwinPower Turbo, Valvetronic, Double VANOS and high-precision injection)
BMW was the first German manufacturer, which released the V12 engine in 1986, forcing Mercedes-Benz to follow suit in 1991. Only 7 and 8 series cars used V12 engines. While BMW sells far fewer 7-Series V12-powered vehicles than V8 versions, the V12 remains popular in the US, China and Russia, and maintains the prestige of this luxury car brand.
V-shaped 16-cylinder BMW petrol engines
The V16 engine is a 16-cylinder V-engine. This engine are rare in automotive use.
- BMW V16 Goldfish (1987) 6.7 L. (Gold fish)
- Rolls-Royce 100EX (2004) 9.0L (V16 prototype engine)
BMW diesel engines
BMW inline 3 cylinder diesel engines
BMW in-line 4-cylinder diesel engines
- M41 (1994-2000) 1.7L
- M47 (1998-2006) 2.0L
- N47 (2006-2014) 2.0 l.
- B47 (2014) 2.0L
Inline 6 cylinder BMW diesel engines
- M21 (1983-1993) 2.4L
- M51 (1991-1998) 2.5L
- M57 (1998) 2.5-3.0 L.
- N57 (2008) 2.5-3.0 liters.
V-shaped 8 cylinder BMW diesel engines
- M67 (1998-2009) from 3.9 to 4.4 liters - two International Engine of the Year awards
BMW engine number decoding
Explanation and designation of the BMW ICE according to the engine model:
- engine family, mainly denoted by the letter:
- M - engine developed until 2001;
- N is an engine developed after 2001. Beginning in the early 2000s, BMW revised its naming strategy to make it easier to understand and more detailed information about updates in the motor. An innovation for the N Series engines was a new design, material for the manufacture of parts and technology used in the motor itself;
- B - modular engine. Since 2013 the company BMW start introduce a new family of modular engines. The first vehicles to receive the new B-series engines were the hybrid sport car BMW i8 and compact Mini range. Both of these cars were equipped with a 3-cylinder B38 turbocharged - direct injection - Valvetronic engine. The modular B Series engine family includes gasoline and diesel powertrains that share common components and architecture (60% of the parts are identical, for example, a 3-cylinder engine has components from a 4 and 6-cylinder B series engine). Engine capacity increases in 500cc increments - 1.5l - I3, 2.0l - I4, 2.5l - I6, 3.0l - I6, etc.;
- S - BMW Motorsport engine;
- P - BMW Motorsport racing engine;
- W - engine from a "third-party" developer;
- number of cylinders, indicated by a number:
- 1 - in-line 4-cylinder;
- 2 - in-line 4-cylinder;
- 3 - in-line 3-cylinder;
- 4 - in-line 4-cylinder;
- 5 - in-line 6-cylinder;
- 6 - V-shaped 8-cylinder;
- 7 - V-shaped 12-cylinder;
- 8 - V-shaped 10-cylinder;
- change in the basic concept of the engine, where:
- 0 - base engine;
- 1-9 - changes in the original design, such as the combustion process;
- fuel type:
- B - gasoline;
- D - diesel;
- E - electric;
- G- natural gas;
- H - hydrogen (hydrogen);
- engine displacement in 1/10 liters (indicated by two digits), for example:
- 15 - 1.5 liters;
- 20 - 2.0 liters;
- 35 - 3.5 liters;
- 44 - 4.4 liters;
- letter designation
- power class:
- S - "super";
- T - top version;
- O - "upper exit";
- M - "medium output";
- U - "lower output";
- K - "lowest output";
- O- new development;
- TU- given designation indicated only in M-Series engines and indicates a significant upgrade, for example, from one to double VANOS;
- or type test requirement (changes that require new type tests):
- A - standard;
- B-Z - as required, for example, ROZ 87;
- power class:
- technical version to designate in BMW engines, except for M series engines and replaces the previous TU suffix:
BMW also has a different numbering system for domestic production and use. This is the code printed on the side of the cylinder block used on assembly plant BMW and during other service when it comes to the actual engine identity. In most cases, this code is applied to the flat section of the block on the driver's side.
For example "30 6T 2 04N", where:
- 30 - engine size 3.0 liters;
- 6 - six-cylinder engine;
- T - type of engine, in this case a power unit with a turbine;
- 2 - differentiation index;
- 04 - revision number, in this case the 4th;
- N- new engine;
Marking is also found on older models, for example - 408S1, where:
- 40 - engine capacity 4.0 liters;
- 8 - number of cylinders;
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BMW Engines - Buyer's Guide
AT this review showcasing BMW petrol and diesel engines that have been in use for the past 15 years. Due to the huge range of power units of the Bavarian company, we cannot cover all engines and their options. Nevertheless, we will dwell in detail on the most famous and popular motors.
BMW is one of the world's leading manufacturers, offering the most modern and advanced powertrains on the market. Therefore, you need to be prepared for large bills for maintenance and repairs. You don’t have to look far for examples - for many owners it comes as a surprise that the need to periodically replace the timing chain drive used in all modern engines bmw. The chain and tensioner, as a rule, take care of about 200-300 thousand km. This creates noise, and the engine runs unevenly. To replace the timing chain, it is necessary to prepare about 20-30 thousand rubles. In the case of old copies, difficulties arise when trying to overhaul - the materials used to make the cylinder liners do not allow them to be restored.
What expenses await you after buying a used BMW depends on the condition of the car and the version of the engine under the hood. Our review will certainly help you make the right choice.
Gasoline engines
1.8i N42, 2.0i N46
Short description:
Atmospheric
4-cylinder
16 valve
Multipoint fuel injection (ported)
The N42 and N46 engines, produced from 2001 to 2007, are among the most popular four-cylinder BMW units in the aftermarket, mainly due to the E46 trio and the Compact version based on it. These motors can be found in the "ones" E87 and "triples" E90 of the initial production period. It is believed that a BMW with a 4-cylinder engine is not a real BMW. But honestly, these little engines are unique. technical masterpieces. Both are equipped with a timing chain drive, both have the Double VANOS system - a system for adjusting the valve timing of the intake and exhaust valves, as well as the Valvetronic system - an original solution for smoothly changing the height of the intake valves, replacing the usual work throttle valve.
The main advantage of having the Valvetronic system is the significantly lower fuel consumption (1.5 l/100 km on average) compared to conventional engines.
Interestingly, the N42 and N46 engines perfectly perceive the transition to work on liquefied gas. The main thing is the right choice and professional installation of LPG.
Well-maintained 4-cylinder engines are low maintenance. Having picked up a copy with a real mileage of less than 200,000 km, you will be satisfied with your choice.
Faults due to LPG
Despite the fact that motors perceive the transition to liquefied gas operation without consequences, an unprofessional approach to selection and installation leads to sad consequences. Valvetronic does not tolerate amateurism, the result of which is damage to the cylinder head and burnt valve seats. Before buying a car with LPG, you need to visit a car service and check the condition of the engine.
Specifications 1.8i N42, 2.0i N46
Application:
BMW 1 Series E87 11.2003- 11.2007
BMW 3 Series E46
BMW 3 Series E90 11.2005-11.2008
Rating: ☆☆☆☆☆
Highly successful engine- one of the few BMWs suitable for the average car enthusiast with modest financial capabilities.
Alternative
An alternative for the N42 and N46 engines is the M47 diesel, but it is not easy to find it in good condition.
1.6i N43 B16, 2.0i N43 B20
Short description:
Atmospheric
4-cylinder
16 valve
Multipoint fuel injection (direct)
Compact and middle class models
In 2006 and 2007 for BMW lovers began new era. It was then that the German manufacturer updated the line of engines by introducing completely new motors into it. One of them is two modified engines: a 1.6-liter with 122 hp. - N43 B16 and 2-liter with 143 and 170 hp (N43 B20). Both engines received direct fuel injection. This means lower fuel consumption while maintaining high performance. But on the other hand, it means more high cost possible repair and complexity of LPG installation.
Operation and typical faults
N43 series engines are considered one of the most reliable among modern BMW engines. They are ideal for those who have their eye on the BMW E90 and usually don't do many miles in a year. But still problems occur.
There are cases of premature wear of the timing chain. The problem concerns, first of all, cars assembled before 2009.
uneven work
Failure of the ignition system due to failure of the coils. Symptoms are accompanied by the illumination of the engine malfunction indicator.
Fuel pump failure
This malfunction often worries 6-cylinder engines, which will be described below. But sometimes fuel pump failure is encountered in earlier instances of 4-cylinder engines. Warning symptoms are starting problems and lack of traction in the upper rev range.
Specifications 1.6i N43 B16, 2.0i N43 B20
Application
N43 series engines were used in all BMW models small and middle class. The 1.6-liter engine was also used in Mini and Peugeot.
BMW 1 Series E87: 09.2006-09-2012
BMW 1 Series F20: from 11.2010
BMW 3 Series E90: 02.2006-12.2011
BMW 3 Series F30: from 10.2011
Mini: from 10.2006
Peugeot 207: 02.2006-03.2012
Peugeot 208: from 03.2012
Peugeot 308: from 09.2007
Rating: ☆☆☆
If someone plans to install on this motor gas equipment, then it is better to pay attention to the older N42 and N46 engines. In other cases, it is very a good choice.
Alternative
A direct alternative to this engine can be a 4-cylinder diesel N47.
2.0i - 2.8i M52
Short description:
Atmospheric
6-cylinder
24 valve
Models of the middle, upper class and sports
Engines of the M52 family debuted in 1994 on BMW 3 series E36 cars. M52 is a further development of the reliable and powerful M50. The main difference is the use of an aluminum block, which reduced the weight by almost 20 kg. Together with lightweight connecting rods, chain tensioner and exhaust manifold the new engine has become lighter than its predecessor by almost 30 kg.
The M52 engine family is represented by engines with a working volume of 2.0, 2.5 and 2.8 liters, developing 150, 170 and 193 hp. respectively. S52 with 243 hp 3.2-liter, installed on the M3 and intended for the North American market, is closely related to the M52.
In the BMW 3 Series E46, released in 1998, appeared updated engine M52TU. It is distinguished by the use of a variable valve timing system for intake and exhaust valves (Double Vanos system). In the first engines, the valve timing was changed only on the intake shaft. Engine power has not changed, but performance at low and medium speeds has improved.
Operation and typical faults
Engines of the M52 family are classics of the genre. It enjoys a good reputation for being durable and reliable, but does not tolerate harsh use and careless maintenance.
Breakdown of the cylinder head gasket and cracks in the cylinder head
Inline six-cylinder engines are sensitive to overheating: the long head can burst. AT best case pierce the head gasket. Frequent problems with the cooling system pump and the radiator fan drive contribute to trouble. Ignoring the symptoms of overheating can lead to disastrous results when the most effective and cost-effective profitable way repair will be the acquisition of another motor in working condition.
Position Sensor Faults camshaft
The defect is manifested by uneven operation of the engine and sluggish unwinding of the engine after warming up. Failure can also be accompanied by difficult starting - you have to turn the starter for a long time. Inexpensive analogues will cost less than 1,500 rubles, Siemens products are more expensive - about 3,000 rubles. Replacement is not difficult even for a non-specialized mechanic.
High oil consumption
In old age, the degree of wear of most engine elements increases. A considerable contribution to the oil consumption is made by exhausted valve stem seals.
Ignition coils
One coil for the M52 engine costs about 2000 rubles.
Application
Engines of the M52 family were installed both in small cars of the 3 and Z3 series, and in the flagship BMW 7 series.
BMW 3 Series E36: 04.1994-08.2000
BMW 7 Series E38: 08.1995-11.2001
BMW 5 Series E39: 11.1995-09.2000
BMW Z3: 04.1997-01.2003
BMW 3 Series E46: 02.1998-05.2002
Rating: ☆☆☆☆
In principle, each of the M52 engines is worthy of recommendations. Most wanted uses a 2.8-liter version of the engine. It is considered the most reliable and guarantees satisfaction from operation. However, finding a well-groomed specimen is becoming more and more difficult every day.
Alternative
In the case of older generation models, in particular the BMW 3 E36 series, you can choose the M50.
2.2, 2.5 and 3.0 M54
Short description:
Atmospheric
6-cylinder
24 valve
Multipoint fuel injection
M54 series gasoline engines are some of the best BMW inline-sixes. They got under the hood of many Bavarian models.
The R6 M54 debuted in 2000 in three versions: 2.2, 2.5 and 3.0. All variants received a variable valve timing system for intake and exhaust valves (Double Vanos).
Owners praise not only the pleasant sound and good performance of engines (especially 2.5 and 3.0), but also reliability. However, don't rely on fuel economy.
The M54 engine disappeared from the list of proposals in 2007, along with BMW convertible E46.
Operation and typical faults
Serious malfunctions are rare and most often due to very high mileage, careless maintenance and unprofessional repairs.
The only problem is excessively high oil consumption. Losses occur as a result of oil waste and due to the specific design of the oil separator, which leads to clogging of the ventilation valve crankcase gases. As a result, excess pressure in the engine increases, which contributes to even higher oil losses.
Application
BMW 5 Series E60
BMW X3 E83 series: 2.5 (2004-2006) and 3.0 (2003-2006)
BMW X5 E53 series
Rating: ☆☆☆☆
M54 is characterized by high strength and durability. Simple construction and great popularity guarantee reasonable repair costs. The main thing is to avoid instances with high mileage.
Short description:
Atmospheric
6-cylinder
24 valve
Multipoint fuel injection
Models of the middle, upper class, SUVs and sports
The N52 engine family debuted in 2004 with a 3-litre engine in the BMW 630i E63. In 2005, its modification appeared with a working volume of 2.5 liters. To save weight, the engine block is made of an aluminum-magnesium alloy. The Valvetronic valve stroke control system and the Double Vanos valve timing system are also used here. The engine that replaced it in 2011 is a direct successor to the N52, but with a turbocharger and 4-cylinders - a typical example of downsizing.
Operation and typical faults
Noise of hydraulic lifters
The problem primarily concerns engines manufactured at the initial stage of production - before November 2008. Subsequent engines received a redesigned cylinder head.
Coolant pump failure
There are failures in the operation of the electric pump of the cooling system, leading to serious consequences. Replacement costs about 15,000 rubles.
Application
BMW 1 Series E87: 03.2005-09.2011
BMW 3 Series E90: 01.2005-12.2011
BMW 5 Series E60: 07.2005-03.2010
BMW 6 Series E63: 04.2004-07.2007
BMW 7 Series E65: 03.2005-03.2008
BMW X1 E84: 10.2009-10.2010
BMW X3 E83: 04.2009-09-2011
BMW X5 E70: 02.2007-03.2010
Rating: ☆☆☆
The use of a system for smoothly changing the stroke of the valves can significantly reduce fuel consumption. High power and excellent sound are other advantages of BMW six-cylinder engines.
Alternative
Slightly older M54 2000-2006 production.
Diesel engines
Short description:
Turbocharging
4-cylinder
16 valve
injection system common rail
The power unit with the code designation M47 is a 2-liter diesel engine used from 1998 to 2007. It is interesting that two generations of 2-liter diesel engines are hidden under the M47 code: the first generation - until 2003 with a working volume of 1951 cm3, and since 2001 a new generation with a working volume of 1995 cm3. The first M47 was with a high-pressure fuel pump, and the second with a Bosch Common Rail injection system.
The 2-liter M47 can be found both in models marked "18", for example, the BMW 318d, and marked "20", for example, the BMW 320d. With the same working volume, they differ in equipment and developed power. M47 1951 cm3 was also used by the English Rover in Land Rover Freelander, MG ZT and Rover 75.
Along with the increase in capacity, the engine received balancer shafts. The turbocharger, instead of vacuum control, acquired a more accurate electric one. A good torque curve was obtained thanks to the use of variable intake manifold geometry: flaps regulate air flow depending on engine speed. Each version of the M47 has a timing chain drive, and in this series of engines, unlike the N47 receiver, it is placed in an easily accessible place - in front of the engine. All M47s have a dual mass flywheel, and the latest examples can be equipped with a DPF filter.
Operation and typical faults
The M47 engine is technically advanced and sometimes causes difficulties for mechanics with correct conclusions when diagnosing. However, compared to the N47's successor, it should be seen as less problematic and more successful motor. Versions with power from 143 hp provide excellent performance, and at the same time quite economical. For example, a 163-horsepower 320d consumes an average of about 6.6 l / 100 km.
Destruction of the intake manifold flaps
This is a typical failure of many BMW diesel engines, including those with six cylinders. The dampers responsible for changing the geometry of the intake manifold can become loose and fly off the axles, hitting directly into the engine. This leads to damage to the cylinder head (destruction of the combustion chambers), the turbocharger, and sometimes the pistons.
Premature failure of the turbocharger
Longer oil change times are often blamed for low turbocharger life. To prolong its life, it is better to shorten the prescribed oil change intervals. Since the turbocharger is electrically controlled, not all turbine remanufacturers can adjust it correctly after repair. However, it is technically possible.
Pulley wear
The source of suspicious knocks from the engine is often a delaminated damper pulley responsible for the drive attachments. However, sometimes a dual-mass flywheel located on the other side of the engine makes a similar noise.
Application
In view of the large power range, the M47 series engine was installed in compact bmw 1 series, X3 crossover and even in the BMW 5 series.
BMW 120d E87: 11.2003-03.2007
BMW 320d E46: 04.1998-02.2005
BMW 320d E90: 01.2005-03.2007
BMW 520d E39: 02.2000-06.2003
BMW 520d E60: 07.2005-03.2010
BMW X3 E83: 10.2004-12.2006
Land Rover Freelander: 11.2001-10.2006
MG ZT: 2001-2005
Rover 75: 02.1999-05.2005
Rating: ☆☆☆
Among similar turbodiesels of its age, the M47 excelled technically and in terms of performance. This is a very successful engine, although you should not count on the cheap cost of operation. He has whole line technical solutions that require high maintenance costs. However, the engine cannot be described as very problematic.
Alternative
Among BMW diesel engines, in principle, there is not much choice, except perhaps for the 2-liter M47. The rest of the engines are much more powerful.
Short description:
Turbocharging
4-cylinder
16 valve
Common rail injection system
Compact, mid-range and SUV models
In March 2007, BMW launched a new generation of two-liter N47 diesel engines on the market. The design of the engine has changed fundamentally: the cylinder block is made of aluminum alloy, which saved 17 kg, the timing drive was moved from the front of the engine to the rear - to the flywheel. Most of the engines in this series were equipped with a braking energy recovery system, the so-called Efficient Dynamics.
All N47 series engines from 163 hp have a piezoelectric Common Rail injection system with an operating pressure of 1800 - 2000 bar. More weak engines equipped with electromagnetic nozzles with a working pressure of 1600 bar. Since the new engine has more torque than the M47, the crankshaft had to be reinforced. Very interesting versions with a capacity of 204-218 hp, which are sequentially boosted using two turbochargers various sizes. This is the most powerful 2-liter turbodiesel in the world. In 2013, the N47 appeared with a working volume of 1598 cm3 with a reduced pitch and cylinder diameter and a different block design. He received the designation 14d, and his power is 95 hp.
Operation and typical faults
The N47 diesel, in terms of performance, is very economical engine. Performance, minimal vibration and pleasant sound deserve high marks. Powerful torque already available from low speed, suggests that even large and heavy vehicles such as the 520d and X3 will not experience any problems with dynamics. The BMW 520d F10, weighing over 1600 kg, is content with an average of just over 7 l/100 km, which is very good result. N47 in terms of fuel consumption is more economical than its predecessor M47.
Timing imperfection
Located in an inconvenient place for maintenance, the timing chain drive proved to be extremely unreliable. A poor-quality lower sprocket quickly wore out the teeth, which led to chain damage. Noise from worn parts could appear after 60,000 km. AT extreme cases it came to jumping the chain or breaking it. Theoretically, the manufacturer resolved the issue in 2010, but opinions about achieving a positive result are contradictory. There are cases when, after a warranty replacement of the timing chain, the alarming noise reappeared - approximately after 150,000 km.
intake manifold flaps
The problem is similar to the one that exists in the M47: the flaps become loose, fly off and fall into the engine, damaging it and the turbocharger.
Piezoelectric nozzles
They are used in high power engines. Nozzles of this type cannot be restored, therefore, in the event of a malfunction, the owner will face high costs. Under normal operating conditions, the nozzles confidently go more than 200,000 km.
Application
Since March 2007, the engine has gradually replaced its predecessor. In the new version of the “five”, a 2-liter biturbo replaced the 6-cylinder diesel 525d.
BMW 1 Series E81: 03.2007-09.2012
BMW 1 Series F20: from 11.2010
BMW 3 Series E90: 03.2007-12.2011
BMW 3 Series F30: from 10.2011
BMW 5 Series E60: 09.2007-03.2010
BMW 5 Series F10: from 03.2010
BMW X1 E84: from 10.2009
BMW X3 E83: 09.2007-08.2010
BMW X3 F25: from 09.2010
Rating: ☆☆
The N47 is the most technically advanced 2-litre diesel in the world. Thanks to progressive solutions, high power and low fuel consumption are achieved. But on the other hand, diesel is too complicated and expensive to maintain.
Alternative
M47 engine with corrected deficiencies.
Short description:
6-cylinder
24 valve
Common rail injection system
Turbo or biturbo
Models of the middle class and above, and SUVs
The M57 engine family with common rail injection system debuted in 1998, i.e. less than a year after the introduction of the first diesel engine with a CR system for stock car Alfa Romeo 156. Diesel BMW received numerous engine of the year awards in its category. Other manufacturers also used this power unit: the 2.5-liter version of the M57D25 fell into Opel Omega, and a more powerful version in the Range Rover.
Diesel with the designation M57 has a cast iron block, 6 cylinders in a row and an aluminum head with two overhead camshafts. Power supply pump high pressure, fuel rail and nozzles - depending on the year of manufacture, electromagnetic or piezoelectric.
During the production process, its design changed several times: in later models, designated M57N and M57N2, the timing chain drives only one camshaft, and the moment is transmitted to the other camshaft through gear reducer. Modifications were also sequentially introduced with electric control turbine blades, a new generation common rail injection system with higher operating pressure and a particulate filter. The top version M57TU2D30 has two turbochargers and 286 hp.
Operation and typical faults
The first versions of the M57 engine are considered not to be killed. There are cases when a BMW 5 Series with this engine drove 1,000,000 km without a major overhaul.
flaps in the intake manifold
More powerful versions M57 engines are equipped with a system for changing the length of the intake manifold. Weakening of the dampers and their "spanking" is the most common ailment of the M57. An experienced mechanic will determine the presence of a defect by ear. Many resort to the removal of dampers, but this is not recommended. The prevailing opinion of the majority that after the removal of the shutters the engine works the same way is not entirely accurate. The engine reacts worse to gas in the lower rpm range. The cost of restoration of dampers is from 5000 rubles and more.
M57N pulley damage
AT upgraded version engine with index N, the attachment drive pulley mounted on the crankshaft fails relatively quickly. This may cause damage to units such as the air conditioning compressor.
Common rail fuel injectors
In early versions of the engine, they were durable, but later, from about 2003, the resource was significantly reduced and amounted to just over 100,000 km. In older versions, Bosch solenoid injectors are remanufactured. In later ones, especially biturbo, only a replacement. The price of 12,000 rubles apiece is quite reasonable, especially since we are talking about a car of an expensive and prestigious brand.
Intake manifold rupture
Met only in the engines of the very first batches.
Application
The M57 engine is installed longitudinally in front, and the torque is transmitted to rear wheels or two axles in xDrive versions, where the front wheels receive the necessary traction through cardan shaft.
BMW 3 Series E46: 10.1999-02.2005
BMW 3 Series E90: 09.2005-12.2011
BMW 5 Series E39: 08.1998-06.2003
BMW 5 Series E60: 07.2003-03.2010
BMW 5 Series F10: from 03.2010
BMW 7 Series E38: 08.1998-11.2001
BMW 7 Series E65: 10.2002-06.2008
BMW 7 Series F01: from 06.2008
BMW X3 E83: 01.2004-09.2010
BMW X5 E53: 05.2001-02.2007
BMW X5 E70: from 02.2007
BMW 5 GT: from 10.2009
Opel Omega B: 09.2001-07.2003
Range Rover Sport: from 09.2009
Range Rover: 03.2002-08.2012
Rating: ☆☆☆☆☆
Each engine has its own drawbacks, but in the M57 they are not too significant, and malfunctions can be detected and eliminated at the very beginning of their development. Six-cylinder BMW diesel guarantees sporty dynamics with reasonable fuel consumption. The older the engine, the more reliable it is. Recommended versions 184 and 218 hp
Alternative
The naturally aspirated 3.0-litre petrol engine also has excellent dynamic characteristics, is exceptionally reliable, but consumes 15% more fuel.
Short description:
6-cylinder
24 valve
Common rail injection system
Turbo, biturbo or triturbo
High end models and SUVs
The advanced N57 engine debuted in 2008. The new letter designation is fully justified, since the power unit was completely developed from scratch. Its block is made of aluminum, which is likely to affect its durability in the future. The common rail injection system operates at pressures up to 2000 bar. The N57 is the first production triple supercharged engine: this version of the engine, developing 381 hp, was designated N57S. After such a supercharged biturbo engine, you will not surprise anyone. N57 engines are very often combined with all-wheel drive. Only an 8-speed "automatic" is installed in a pair of the motor. All N57 have particulate filter.
Operation and typical faults
chain rattle
This problem is becoming more and more acute, and BMW does not cover the costs in the post-warranty period. Long intervals between oil changes adversely affect the condition of the tensioner and the chain itself.
The appearance of soot
Owners report that the N57 engine is prone to carbon deposits in the intake ducts. In some cases, already at 70-80 thousand kilometers, it was necessary to disassemble the engine to clean it.
Application
Aluminum N57s are gradually replacing the old M57s. The engine is not used in cars of other brands.
BMW 3 Series E90: from 01.2010
BMW 3 Series F30: from 10.2011
BMW 5 Series F10: from 03.2010 r.
BMW 5 GT: from 07.2010
BMW 7 Series F01: from 10.2008
BMW 4 Series: from 09.2013
BMW 6 Series: from 11.2010
BMW X3 F25: from 09.2010
BMW X5 E70: from 09.2010
BMW X6: from 09.2010
Rating: ☆☆☆
The N57 is not an engine to save money on. He has excellent performance characteristics but its maintenance costs a fortune.
Alternative
Such characteristics are provided only by the 4.4 Turbo V8 engine, designated N63.
Conclusion
General rule for engines BMW simple: all engines, both gasoline and diesel, are quite durable and have relatively few weak points. However, if a malfunction occurs, then it is necessary to prepare for the high costs of its elimination. You should avoid buying a cheap car with a dubious past. Such savings will quickly go sideways. Also, regular checks should not be neglected. technical condition engine.
vvm-auto.ru
Engine BMW N57 (N57D30) | Problems, differences and resource
| Production | Steyr Plant |
| Engine brand | N57 |
| Release years | 2008-present |
| Block material | aluminum |
| engine's type | diesel |
| Configuration | in-line |
| Number of cylinders | 6 |
| Valves per cylinder | 4 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 90 |
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 84 |
| Compression ratio | 16.5 |
| Engine volume, cc | 2993 |
| Engine power, hp / rpm | 204/4000 245/4000 258/4000 306/4400 313/4400 |
| Torque, Nm/rpm | 450/1750-2500 540/1750-3000 560/1500-3000 600/1500-2500 630/1500-2500 |
| Environmental regulations | Euro 5 Euro 6 |
| Turbocharger | Garrett GTB2260VK Garrett GTB2056VZK BorgWarner K26 + BV40 2x BorgWarner BV45 + B2 |
| Engine weight, kg | - |
| Fuel consumption, l / 100 km (for 530d F10) - city - highway - mixed. | 4.95.4 |
| Oil consumption, g/1000 km | up to 700 |
| Engine oil | 5W-30 5W-40 |
| How much oil is in the engine, l | 6.5 7.2 (N57S) |
| Oil change is carried out, km | 7000-8000 |
| Operating temperature of the engine, hail. | - |
| Engine resource, thousand km - according to the plant - in practice | -300+ |
| Tuning, HP - potential - without loss of resource | 300+- |
| The engine was installed | F10BMW 640d |
The year 2008 was marked by the release of another inline 6-cylinder N57 turbodiesel, which was supposed to replace everyone's favorite BMW M57. The new engine used a closed aluminum cylinder block with cast-iron liners and 91 mm cylinder spacing, inside the block is a forged crankshaft with a piston stroke of 90 mm, a cylinder diameter of 84 mm, and a piston height of 47 mm. As a result, we have a working volume of 3 liters.
They covered the block with an aluminum cylinder head, which is slightly lower than that of the M57 predecessor. The head is twin-shaft, 4 valves per cylinder, intake valves 27.2 mm, exhaust 24.6 mm, valve stem diameter 5 mm. To ensure the safety of pedestrians and increase the distance between the engine and the hood, the timing drive was moved to the rear of the engine. The timing chain on the N57 is single-row and lasts longer than on the 4-cylinder counterpart N47. The chain resource exceeds 200 thousand km. The N57 uses a 3rd version common rail injection system, a CP 4.2 injection pump and, of course, a turbocharger with an intercooler is installed. The turbine here is a Garrett GTB2260VK with variable geometry that inflates to 1.65 bar.
This engine complies with Euro-5 environmental standards.
Like the M57, it uses a swirl flap intake manifold and an EGR exhaust gas recirculation system. The engine is controlled by a Bosch DDE7.3 ECU.
In September 2009, BMW 740d cars with the N57 TOP engine went on sale. It is equipped with a modified exhaust, piezo injectors and a two-stage turbocharging system, where the second stage has a variable geometry turbine and a boost pressure of 2.05 bar. Turbines here are BorgWarner K26 and BV40. Drives a Bosch DDE 7.31 motor.
Since 2011, the production of modified N57TU diesel engines began, which became a little more economical, received slightly modified combustion chambers, Garrett GTB2056VZK, solenoid injectors, and also began to comply with Euro-6 environmental standards. The control unit here is Bosch DDE7.41. In 2012, the top version of this series was released - N57TU Super or N57S, which was developed based on the N57 TOP. It was distinguished by a reinforced cylinder block, new pistons for a compression ratio of 16, a different crankshaft, an improved cylinder head cooling system, the strength of which was also increased. Inlet and outlet valves have been added in size (29.2 / 26 mm), camshafts have not changed. There is also a new short intake system, piezo injectors and a modified fuel system with increased injection pressure, and the exhaust complies with Euro-6 standards. The N57S uses a Bosch DDE7.31 ECU. The most important thing that distinguishes the N57S is three-stage supercharging: there are two BorgWarner BV45 and one B2 turbines, which allow you to get 381 hp. at 4000-4400 rpm and a torque of 740 Nm at 2000-3000 rpm.
In parallel with the N57, a related 4-cylinder diesel N47 was produced, which is a smaller copy of the N57 and, in addition to the absence of two cylinders, differs mainly in turbines, intake and exhaust.
Starting in 2015, the N57 is gradually being replaced by the newer B57 diesels.
BMW N57D30 engine modifications
1. N57D30O0 (2008 - 2014) - the very first N57 diesel. Its power is 245 hp. at 4000 rpm, torque 540 Nm at 1750-3000 rpm. They put this motor on the BMW 530d F10 and F07, 730d F01, X5 E70 and X6 E71. For the BMW 325d E90, the torque has been reduced to 520 Nm. 2. N57D30U0 (2010 - 2013) - the weakest modification of the N57 with a Garrett GTB2260VK turbine. Engine power 204 hp at 4000 rpm, torque 450 Nm at 1750-2500 rpm. This motor is found on the BMW 325d E90 and 525d F10. This internal combustion engine was replaced with a 4-cylinder N47.3. N57D30T0 (2009 - 2014) - the most powerful N57 engine, which replaced the M57TU2 TOP. It develops 306 hp. at 4400 rpm, torque 600 Nm at 1500-2500 rpm. They put N57 TOP on BMW X6 E71, X5 E70 and 740d F01. For the 535d F10 and 535d GT F07 vehicles, power has been reduced to 299 hp4. N57D30O1 (2011 - present) - an engine from the N57TU series, which replaced the N57D30O0. Power 258 hp at 4000 rpm, torque 560 Nm at 1500-3000 rpm. There is such a modification on the BMW 530d F10 / F07, 730d F01, 330d GT F34, 330d F30, 430d F32, X3 F25, X4 F26, X5 F15 and X6 F16. 5. N57D30T1 / N57TU (2011 - present) - replacement for the N57D30T0 model. Power reached 313 hp. at 4400 rpm, and a torque of 630 Nm at 1500-2500 rpm. This motor pleases the owners of 335d F30, 335d GT F34, 435d F32, 535d F10, 535d GT F07, 640d F13, 740d F01, X3 F25, X4 F26, X5 F15 and X6 F16. 6. N57D30S1 (2012 - present) - N57 engine with three turbines, which allow you to get 381 hp. at 4000-4400 rpm and a torque of 740 Nm at 2000-3000 rpm. Such an engine can be found in the BMW M550d F10, 750d F01, as well as the X5 F15 / E70, X6 F16 / E71 with the designation M50d.
Problems and disadvantages of BMW N57 engines
1. Swirl flaps. Unlike the M series, here they cannot fly into the engine, but they are able to coke so much that they stop moving, as a result of which the car will start to run unevenly and produce errors. The reason for this is the EGR valve, which needs to be periodically cleaned or programmatically removed, because often already at 100 thousand km the collector can be completely clogged with dirt. 2. Noises, extraneous sounds. As on the N47, the crankshaft damper fails here early (after about 100 thousand km) and needs to be replaced. After 200 thousand km, an extraneous sound from the back of the engine indicates the need to pay attention to the timing chain, it may need to be replaced.
The turbine resource is normal and is approximately 200 thousand km or more. In order for the engine to serve as long and trouble-free as possible, you should not delay changing the oil and use only high-quality engine oils, as well as regularly service your engine and pour good fuel. In this case, the resource N57 can greatly exceed 300 thousand km.
BMW N57 engine tuning
Chip tuning
Simple versions of the engine with one turbine of the N57 series (204 hp and 245 hp) with one block firmware are tuned up to 300 hp, and with a downpipe up to 320 hp. N57TU engines give 10-15 hp. more. These are the most profitable internal combustion engines for tuning. The power of the N57 diesel with two turbines can be raised to 360+ hp. firmware and downpipe. Models with N57TU allow you to get about 380 hp. with the same set.
The most evil and perfect diesel engine N57S with firmware and downpipe can show 440 hp. and 840 Nm.
wikimotors.ru
History of BMW diesel engines
Mechanical components and parts of a BMW diesel engine
Strong foundation
Even today, mechanical components and parts form the basis of any engine operating on the Diesel principle. The task is to convert the chemical energy present in the fuel into motion using a thermodynamic process. As a result of the combustion of the fuel-air mixture, the piston receives acceleration. This rectilinear up and down movement of the piston is converted by the crank mechanism into rotational movement. The block crankcase limits the combustion chamber and it also houses the crank mechanism. In the cylinder head, gas exchange is exclusively controlled by valves and channels. The physical principle of operation does not differ from the gasoline engine. The main difference from a gasoline engine operating on the Otto principle is the combustion process. In a diesel engine, fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber (internal mixture formation). Due to the high degree of compression fuel-air mixture becomes very hot and its temperature reaches the ignition temperature. Combustion starts without the aid of a spark plug (self-ignition). Rudolf Diesel and his engine Rudolf Diesel patented his first self-ignition internal combustion engine in 1892. This large, slow-running engine was originally conceived only for stationary operation. The labor-intensive design of the engine, the complex injection system resulted in a high production cost. The first simple engines were not very comfortable and high-speed units. The harsh combustion process made the diesel engine, especially when cold, quite loud (due to knocking). Compared to a gasoline engine, it had poor power density and dynamics, and, in addition, a low liter power. Only after use on trucks and a number of improvements in the properties of materials and the manufacturing process was it possible to miniaturize it. Although the first car with a diesel engine was made already in 1936, it was necessary to wait until the 70s, until the diesel engine began to be used as a real basis for a car drive. The breakthrough came in the 80s when it was finally fully developed. The diesel engine has become an alternative to gasoline. At this time, BMW also decided to use it on its production car models due to the improvement of its dynamics and acoustics.BMW has been producing cars since 1929, and since then the demands on engines have been constantly increasing. BMW has always been innovative and technical details who were unparalleled in the world. This tradition continues in the field of diesel engines. The era of diesel engines began with the first production BMW engine in 1963.
First introduced on the E28, the M21D24 was turbocharged on the 524td and had a displacement of 2.4 liters. Its prototype was the M20 gasoline 6-cylinder engine, and it developed a power of 85 kW / 115 hp. With. In this case, both engines could be assembled on the same conveyor. Dynamic performance with a top speed of 180 km/h and acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in 13.5 seconds set new standards for diesel vehicle dynamics at the time. Therefore, the 524td received the title of "Sport Diesel". Since September 1985, they began to assemble the M21, an atmospheric diesel engine. This made it possible to offer a cheaper "base engine". This engine on the 324d (E30) has made a name for itself as the smoothest running self-ignition engine. BMW becomes the first car manufacturer to offer electronic system engine management, the so-called Digital Diesel Elektronik (DDE). Electronics is faster and more accurate than mechanical control, adjusts
- operation of the exhaust system
- fuel consumption
- acoustics
- running quality
BMW 525tds with M51 engine
engine Introduction of the all-new M51D25 engine, turbo-cooled with 105 kW/143 hp. s, debuting as the most powerful diesel engine in its class. At the same time, he replaced the M21 engine and received a completely new block crankcase. The engine was offered in 115 hp variants. With. and 143 l. With. Thanks to the V-shaped main combustion chamber in the piston, it is possible to improve exhaust emissions and smoke at full load. The M41 engine was the first 4-cylinder diesel engine in a BMW car. It was developed on the basis of the M51D25 engine and had 56% of common parts with it, only 14% of the parts had to be created anew. Innovations included, for example, a hollow cast camshaft on 5 bearings, as well as a soundproofed cylinder head. This engine was installed in various models E36 series. BMW 320d with M47 engine The M47 direct injection engine, created by BMW in 1998, was the most powerful 4-cylinder diesel engine. 100 kW from 2 liters of displacement became the peak value, which until then was common only for gasoline engines. This corresponded to a liter power of 50 kW or 68 hp. With. BMW 320d with M47 engineMotorsport provides the best proof of the power and reliability of new diesel engines. And BMW is celebrating a historic success at the Nürburgring. The diesel-powered 320d in 1998 wins the 24-hour race for the first time in motorsport history. And not only because it needs to fill up less often, but also because BMW has best time circle.
BMW 740d with M67 engine
The first V8 diesel engine, the M67D40 engine, with a displacement of 4 liters, is introduced on the E38 model and has a power of 175 kW. The world's most powerful passenger car diesel engine at the time, with common rail injection and 2 exhaust gas turbochargers, proves BMW's technical prestige. The engine has a ductile graphite gray iron (GGV) crankcase, an aluminum cylinder head and a two-piece oil pan. BMW 530 with M57 engineThe M47TU engine with the second generation common-rail injection system and DDE5 control system achieved an output of 110 kW/150 hp. With. A further upgrade of the M51D25 engine is the M57D30 engine, it has a gray cast iron crankcase, light alloy cylinder head with 4 valves per cylinder. M57 was the world's first diesel inline 6-cylinder engine for passenger cars, equipped with a promising common rail injection system. This new sophisticated injection system with electronic control perfectly fulfills the requirement of high and constant fuel pressure throughout the entire injection time. At any time, a noticeable reduction in fuel consumption is provided compared to engines with swirl-chamber mixture formation, high driving performance and flawless operation of the engine in extreme conditions.
BMW X5 3.0d with M57TU TOP engine
The production of the most powerful diesel engine - M57TU TOP with 2-stage turbocharging (E60 and E61) has begun. For 2-stage turbocharging, 1 small and 1 large turbochargers are used. The diesel engine on the 535d delivers 40 kW/54 hp. With. larger than an engine of the same displacement (3.0 liters) on the 530d. Power is 200 kW / 272 hp. With. The maximum torque of 560 Nm is reached at 2000 rpm. This outstanding engine brought Luc Alphand victory in the Paris-Dakar Rally not only in the diesel car class, but also placed him in fourth place in the overall classification.
BMW 730d with M57TU2 engine
On the E65 model, the M57TU2 engine is installed. Along with the increase in power and torque, the following should be noted: technical features:
- less weight due to aluminum block crankcase;
- 3rd generation Common-Rail injection system with piezo injectors and a pressure of 1600 bar;
- compliance with EURO 4 emission standards and standard diesel particulate filter;
- Optimized electric boost pressure regulator for exhaust turbocharger with variable turbine geometry.
BMW 745d with M67TU engine
The M67 engine on the E65 model in the same 2005 underwent a significant upgrade. Its goal was a noticeable improvement in dynamic performance by increasing power and reducing weight. Power has been increased by as much as 16% while reducing engine weight by 14%, and that's without increasing fuel consumption.
This was achieved, among other things, thanks to a new lightweight aluminum crankcase, as well as an increase in displacement to 4.4 liters.
History of diesel engines
Historical facts from the world of BMW, the history of BMW AG, its model divisions and much more.
List of all BMW engines. Options for 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-, 12- and 16-cylinder power units, their technical characteristics, photos, years of production, models on which were applied.
BMW petrol engines
- M240/M241 (1954-1962) 0.2-0.3 l.
- M102 (1957-1959) 0.6 l.
- M107/M107S (1959-1965) 0.7L
- W20 (since 2014) 0.6 l.
A new generation of engines installed on MINI and BMW cars:
- B38 (since 2011) 1.2-1.5 liters. (DOHC)
Inline 4-cylinder BMW petrol engines
An in-line four-cylinder engine or straight four-cylinder engine is an internal combustion engine that is mounted in a straight line or along the plane of the crankcase.
The cylinder block can be oriented in a vertical or inclined plane with all the crankshaft pistons.
An in-line four-cylinder engine is designated I4 or L4. Below is the BMW engine range:
- DA - engine for Dixi (1929-1932) 0.7 l.
- M68 (1932-1936) 0.7-0.8 l.
- M10 (1960-1987) 1.5-2.0 liters. (SOHC)
- S14 (1986-1991) 2.0-2.5 liters. (DOHC)
- M40 (1987-1995) 1.6-1.8 liters. (SOHC)
- M42 (1989-1996) 1.8L (DOHC)
- M43 (1991-2002) 1.6 / 1.8 / 1.9 liters. (SOHC)
- M44 (1996-2001) 1.9L (DOHC)
- N40 (from 2001 to 2004) 1.6 liters.
- N42 (2001-2004) 1.8-2.0 liters. (DOHC, VANOS, Valvetronic) - won the international award ""
- N43 (2007-2011) 1.6-2.0 liters. (DOHC, direct injection)
- N45 (2004-2011) 1.6-2.0 liters. (DOHC, VANOS)
- N46 (2004-2007) 1.8-2.0 liters. (DOHC, VANOS, Valvetronic)
- N13 (2011) 1.6 l. (turbocharged, DOHC, VANOS, VALVETRONIC, direct injection)
- N20 (2011) 2.0L (turbocharged, DOHC, VANOS, VALVETRONIC, direct injection) - won the international award "Engine of the Year in Europe"
- N26 (2012) 2.0L (turbocharged, DOHC, VANOS, VALVETRONIC, direct injection)
- B48 (2013)
- P45 (2.0 l.)
BMW in-line 6-cylinder petrol engines
They are best known for their inline six-cylinder engines. The six-cylinder in-line engine is an internal combustion engine.
All six cylinders are arranged in a row, in the following order: 1-5-3-6-2-4. The pistons are rotated by one common crankshaft. It is designated as R6 - from the German "Reihe" - a row, or I6 (Straight-6) and L6 (In-Line-Six).
The cylinders can be in a vertical position or at a fixed angle relative to the vertical.
With a vertical inclination of the cylinders, the engine is usually called Slant-6.
V-shaped engine - all six cylinders are arranged in two rows of three cylinders in a row, thus forming a V-shaped arrangement. The pistons rotate on one common crankshaft. Designated as V6 (from the English. "Vee-Six"). The V-twin engine is the second most popular after the inline four-cylinder engine. Camber angles are 90, 60 or 120 degrees. There are also options 15°, 45°, 54°, 65° or 75°.
At the moment, BMW produces 6-cylinder engines with an in-line arrangement of cylinders.
Below are the modifications of BMW engines:
- M78 (1933) 1.2-1.9 L.
- M328 (1936) 2.0-2.1 L.
- M335 (1939) 3.5 L.
- M337 (1952) 2.0-2.1 L.
- M30 (1968) 2.5-3.5 L.
- M20 (1977) 2.0-2.7 L. (SOHC. Early versions of the M20 are sometimes referred to as the "M60", although the M60 has since been used for the V8 engine first delivered in 1992)
- M88/M90 (1978) 3.5L for M1/M5/M6
- S38 (1986 - 1996) up to 3.8 liters. (DOHC)
- M102 (1980) 3.2 L. (turbo)
- M106 (1982) 3.4L (turbo)
- M50 (1989) 2.0-3.0 L. (DOHC 24V with VANOS on M50TU)
- M52 (1994) 2.0-2.8 L. (DOHC 24V with VANOS/Double-VANOS on M52TU) - two International Engine of the Year awards
- S50 (1995) 3.0L (for BMW M3)
- S52 (1996) 3.2L (for BMW M3)
- M54 (2000) 2.2-3.0 L. (aluminum DOHC 24V with Double-VANOS)
- M56 (2002) 2.5 L.
- S54 (2002) 3.2L (DOHC) - six Engine of the Year awards
- N51 (motor for US cars)
- N52 (2005) 2.5-3.0 liters. (magnesium/aluminum DOHC 24V with Double-VANOS and Valvetronic) -two Engine of the Year awards
- N54 (2006) 3.0L (aluminum DOHC 24V turbocharged) - five International Engine of the Year awards
- N53 (2007) 2.5-3.0 liters. (magnesium/aluminum/DOHC 24V with Double-VANOS and High Precision Injection (Gasoline Direct Injection))
- N55 (2009) 3.0L (TwinPower Turbo, Valvetronic and High Precision Injection)
- S55 (2013) 3.0L (TwinPower Turbo, VALVETRONIC and Double-VANOS)
V-shaped 8-cylinder BMW gasoline engines
The 8-cylinder V-engine is an internal combustion engine.
All eight cylinders are arranged in two rows of four cylinders in a row, thus forming a V-shaped arrangement.
The pistons rotate on one common crankshaft. Designated as V8 - (from the English. "Vee-Eight").
Below are BMW 8-cylinder powertrains:
- BMW OHV V8 (1954 - 1965) 2.6-3.2 liters.
- M60 (1992) 3.0-4.0 L.
- M62 - S62 (1994 - 2005) 3.5-4.4 liters.
- N62 (2001) 3.6-4.6 liters. (with fuel injection SFI, Double-VANOS and Valvetronic) - three International awards "Engine of the Year"
- N62 / S (2004-2006) 4.8 liters. for X5 4.8is
- P60B40 (2005) 4.0L
- S65 (2007) 4.0L for E90/92/93 M3 two International Engine of the Year awards
- N63 (2008) 4.4 l. turbocharged
- S63 (2009) 4.4L turbocharged (TwinPower Turbo)
- P65 (4.0 l.)
V-shaped 10-cylinder petrol engine BMW
The V10 engine is an internal combustion engine with 10 cylinders arranged in two rows of five cylinders. Essentially the V10 is the result of crossing two inline 5-cylinder engines.
- S85 (2005) 5.0L for E60 M5 and E63 M6 four International Engine of the Year awards
V-shaped 12-cylinder BMW power units
The V12 engine is a 12-cylinder V-engine mounted in two rows of six cylinders on a single crankshaft. Typically, but not always, at 60° to each other. In V12 engines, two rows of six cylinders are arranged at angles of 60°, 120° or 180°.
- M70 (1986) 5.0L
- M72 (4-valve M70 prototype)
- S70 - S70 / 2 - S70 / 3 (since 1992) 5.6 - 6.1 liters.
- M73 (1993) 5.4 L. - Won International Engine of the Year Award
- N73 (2003) 6.0L
- N74 (2009) 6.0L turbocharged (TwinPower Turbo, Valvetronic, Double VANOS and high-precision injection)
BMW was the first German manufacturer to release a V12 engine in 1986, forcing Mercedes-Benz to follow suit in 1991. Only 7 and 8 series cars used V12 engines. While BMW sells far fewer 7-Series V12-powered vehicles than V8 versions, the V12 remains popular in the US, China and Russia, and maintains the prestige of this luxury car brand.
V-shaped 16-cylinder BMW petrol engines
The V16 engine is a 16-cylinder V-engine. This engine is a rarity in automotive use.
- BMW V16 Goldfish (1987) 6.7 L. (Gold fish)
- Rolls-Royce 100EX (2004) 9.0L (V16 prototype engine)
BMW diesel engines
- B37 (since 2011) 1.5 l.
BMW in-line 4-cylinder diesel engines
- M41 (1994-2000) 1.7L
- M47 (1998-2006) 2.0L
- N47 (2006-2014) 2.0 l.
- B47 (2014) 2.0L
Inline 6 cylinder BMW diesel engines
- M21 (1983-1993) 2.4L
- M51 (1991-1998) 2.5L
- M57 (1998) 2.5-3.0 L.
- N57 (2008) 2.5-3.0 liters.
V-shaped 8 cylinder BMW diesel engines
- M67 (1998-2009) from 3.9 to 4.4 liters - two International Engine of the Year awards
BMW engine number decoding
Explanation and designation of the BMW ICE according to the engine model:
- engine family, mainly denoted by the letter:
- M - engine developed until 2001;
- N - engine developed after 2001. Starting in the early 2000s, BMW revised its naming strategy to make it easier to understand and get more information about engine upgrades. An innovation for the N Series engines was a new design, material for the manufacture of parts and technology used in the motor itself;
- B - modular engine. Since 2013 BMW company began to introduce a new family of modular engines. The first vehicles to receive the new "B" series engines were a hybrid sports car and a range of compact Minis. Both of these cars were equipped with a 3-cylinder turbocharged B38 engine - direct injection - Valvetronic. The modular B Series engine family includes gasoline and diesel powertrains that share common components and architecture (60% of the parts are identical, for example, a 3-cylinder engine has components from a 4 and 6-cylinder B series engine). Engine displacement increases in 500 cc increments - 1.5l - I3, 2.0l - I4, 2.5l - I6, 3.0l - I6, etc.;
- S - BMW Motorsport engine;
- P - BMW Motorsport racing engine;
- W - engine from a "third-party" developer;
- number of cylinders, indicated by a number:
- 1 - in-line 4-cylinder;
- 2 - in-line 4-cylinder;
- 3 - in-line 3-cylinder;
- 4 - in-line 4-cylinder;
- 5 - in-line 6-cylinder;
- 6 - V-shaped 8-cylinder;
- 7 - V-shaped 12-cylinder;
- 8 - V-shaped 10-cylinder;
- change in the basic concept of the engine, where:
- 0 - base engine;
- 1-9 - changes in the original design, such as the combustion process;
- fuel type:
- B - gasoline;
- D - diesel;
- E - electric;
- G is natural gas;
- H - hydrogen (hydrogen);
- engine displacement in 1/10 liters (indicated by two digits), for example:
- 15 - 1.5 liters;
- 20 - 2.0 liters;
- 35 - 3.5 liters;
- 44 - 4.4 liters;
- letter designation
- power class:
- S - "super";
- T - top version;
- O - "upper exit";
- M - "medium output";
- U - "lower output";
- K - "lowest output";
- O - new development;
- TU - this designation is indicated only in M-Series engines and indicates a significant upgrade, for example, from one to double VANOS;
- or type test requirement (changes that require new type tests):
- A - standard;
- B-Z - as required, for example, ROZ 87;
- power class:
- technical version for designation in BMW engines, except for M series engines and replaces the previous TU suffix:
- from 0 to 9;
BMW also has a different numbering system for domestic production and use. This is the code stamped on the side of the cylinder block used at the BMW assembly plant and during other service when it comes to the actual engine identity. In most cases, this code is applied to the flat section of the block on the driver's side.
For example "30 6T 2 04N", where:
- 30 - engine size 3.0 liters;
- 6 - six-cylinder engine;
- T is the type of engine, in this case a power unit with a turbine;
- 2 - index of differentiation;
- 04 - revision number, in this case the 4th;
- N - new engine;
Marking is also found on older models, for example - 408S1, where:
- 40 - engine size 4.0 liters;
- 8 - the number of cylinders;
