Establishment and study of signs characterizing the state of building structures of buildings and structures to determine possible deviations and prevent violations of the normal mode of their operation. Source: SP 13 102 2003: Rules ... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

- (by this, see the previous word). Generally defining the distinguishing features of objects; in particular, a part of medicine, which has as a subject the definition of the genus and signs of diseases. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Testing, checking, testing, recognizing, testing, testing Dictionary of Russian synonyms. diagnostics noun, number of synonyms: 42 autodiagnostics (1) ... Synonym dictionary

diagnostics- Procedures and systems for detecting and isolating errors and malfunctioning devices, networks and systems. diagnostics (ITIL Service Operation) A stage in the life cycle of an incident or problem. ... ... Technical translator's guide

Diagnostics- - the establishment and study of signs characterizing the state of building structures of buildings and structures to determine possible deviations and prevent violations of the normal mode of their operation. [SP 13 102 2003] Diagnostics ... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

The science of disease recognition and diagnosis. Dictionary of business terms. Academic.ru. 2001 ... Business glossary

- (from the Greek diagnostikos capable of recognizing) the doctrine of the methods and principles of recognizing diseases and making a diagnosis; diagnosis process ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

DIAGNOSTICS, diagnostics, women. (honey.). The branch of medicine, the doctrine of the methods of diagnosis. Ushakov's explanatory dictionary. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

DIAGNOSTICS, and, wives. 1. see diagnose. 2. Teaching about the methods of diagnosis. 3. Establishing a diagnosis. Laboratory D. Early D. disease. | adj. diagnostic, oh, oh. D. analysis. Diagnostic service. Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

Female, Greek recognition, recognition; determination of signs and mutual reflections of works of nature; knowledge will take: recognition of diseases, by seizures and phenomena. Diagnostic, related to diagnosis, recognition. Diagnostic husband. ... ... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

Books

• Diagnostics and healing of soul and body, V. V. Pukhov. This book is for those who strive for the physical and spiritual improvement of their personality, realizing that only a healthy and spiritually advanced person can intelligently work for the common good for ...
• Diagnostics of the soul Shamanic gift Compass of healing Soul on fire set of 4 books,. Diagnostics of the soul in the horoscope. From Self-Knowledge to Healing Book 1. The main difficulty of self-knowledge lies in the fact that we inevitably have to discover in ourselves not only the beautiful sides ...

Many people have come across the word "diagnostics". Diagnostics means viewing either a person or a situation in order to make a diagnosis and develop an action plan to eliminate deficiencies and extraneous interfering influences. In magic, this means viewing a person or viewing the situation thereof for different directions. To translate into ordinary familiar language, I will explain that diagnostics are mainly used when examining for the presence of alien influences, mandalas, magical techniques and rituals. If we diagnose a situation, this will first of all mean that the situation is straining and there is a danger of any plan, both magical and physical. Otherwise, there is no need for us to diagnose this situation. When a person has everything in chocolate, he will not even bother to diagnose "why is everything so good with me."

Usually this word is common in many forums, where you will be advised not to ask a "professional" of runic art with questions, but to make it yourself. Although this is a dubious matter. If you begin to comprehend magical knowledge, then there is still a lot you do not know. You have no experience in interpreting the images of this very diagnosis.

Let's look at this word from the point of view of a doctor. Before making a diagnosis, the doctor sends the patient for tests, ultrasound, X-ray or tomography. And if the doctor interprets the usual tests (blood and urine) himself, that is, having looked at the form, he understands whether this is a norm or a pathology and under what disease this can occur. But as for ultrasound, X-ray and even more so tomography - here the result of the study is already described in the form by the doctor who specializes in these studies. And an ordinary therapist does not interpret such analyzes. At the same time, the therapist does not feel torment about his inferiority as a doctor and calmly reads the research described by the specialist, from which he draws conclusions about the further diagnosis.

So in any case, until you begin to understand it, your knowledge leaves much to be desired and there can be no question of any normal diagnostics. And do not bother with forum magicians, they are quite a bit different from you, all just for a few months or a year of knowledge. And this is not enough for real magic.

For a beginner, astrological analysis can provide the most complete diagnosis of the state of his affairs. There are computer programs that give out and interpret the information received. I remember in the nineties a computer with an astro program was installed in one of the shops on Krasnaya Street. This is how people earned their daily bread. Out of pure curiosity, I used this service. and over the years, I can say that the main points that the computer expressed in the printout have come true in my life. So don't underestimate such programs.

In second place in terms of information content, you can put such a system as ordinary cards that can be laid out for a day, a week, a month or three. It's usually pretty easy to get used to interpreting card combinations and start seeing them yourself. Moreover, it is possible to compare the dropped combination and the event that occurred after this. I've been using ordinary cards since I was 16. My friend and I took a break from studying at a medical college (after that we graduated from the medical university). They laid out playing cards on themselves and their friends, and everything came true. Gradually, we learned to see the general picture of the situation, and individual moments, and interfering moments. The main thing here is experience and perseverance. Gradually, their own combination of images is being developed, and all book truths fade into the background.

There are very good systems for playing cards, like Robert Kemp's system. There is a system for calculating birth charts and based on such calculations, an analysis of the current situation is made. By the way, there are computer programs for these systems, in which only the dates you need to enter, and you get a ready-made interpretation of the situation. In general, it is convenient and at first you can start to see the very same rake that you step on all the time. The main thing is to treat everything with a certain amount of skepticism and include common sense, then everything will work out.

It is very difficult for a beginner to guess by Tarot cards. The main thing here is the selection of the Tarot deck that would visually and figuratively suit you and there would be no internal rejection. And the very decoding of various combinations, layouts and others can be found in so many quantities both on sale and freely available on the network, and on various tarot fortune telling forums. And again, analysis - what combination fell out and what happened next. Don't be fooled by the clearly spelled out meanings of tarot cards. It is a flexible system and provides information in different volumes depending on the level of the user.

There are also various systems of divination cards, such as, for example, Lenormand cards, Tarot Symbolon, various picture cards and others. I don't like Lenormand cards, I can see them, but I really don't like working with them. I prefer an ordinary deck of cards, on it you can see everyday affairs and even draw a conclusion about outside interference in the situation for some combinations of cards in the layout. Moreover, I have one alignment, it was even described in Klyuev's book on Tarot. And I have been doing it since the age of 16.

Runic divination is always situational. They show how this or that situation will develop, how we are threatened by this or that action. And it must be remembered that the runes have such an extremely unpleasant consequence - when divining, they prescribe just such a course of the situation, removing other options.

What are the types of magical diagnostics?

1. General diagnostics.
The person as a whole is viewed, his life, affairs, personal life, health, etc. Thus, the magician evaluates who this person is and what he is. Such diagnostics help to identify problem areas, the root of the problem and determine what the magician will have to work with. This is a very energy consuming action, especially when the client asks to see his future. Given the frequent multivariance of the future and the forks, this cannot be seen in just five minutes. It takes several hours or more ...

2. Diagnostics of the negative.
Perhaps the most popular today. People are so arranged that you can pick up the negative anywhere and in any way. There is a lot of envy, it eats away at our reality like mold. Out of envy, a person begins to do rituals or run on others. There is also "universal evil", this is when it is simply advised to be able to tune in to "pure evil." Those. harm a person not because he is so bad, but you are so offended at him, take revenge, etc. You have to do evil because you want to do evil. Not "for the fact that ...", but just so now you want. This is "pure evil" - just your desire for evil without any background and nothing more. Here the term "vrazhina" is very popular. These are the inventions of forum magicians of our time. "Rabbits", "foes" are from the category of magical heresy and delusion. If a person envies the whole world, then these terms are always present in his vocabulary, as well as "universal evil." The trouble is that there are a lot of them, that's why there are so many damages, storages, transfers and other negativity.

Diagnostics of the negative is done by the magician when viewing. And damage is never diagnosed, and even more so different rituals for cards, Tarot, runes.

Diagnostics helps to identify the type of negative, the features of its manifestation, where it came from, who did it, how it threatens and how to remove it.
3. Diagnostics of human chakras.
Such viewing allows you to determine the state of a person's chakras, to identify blocks. If a practitioner sees problems, he can offer to cleanse, charge or open the chakras, because our successful existence on all planes of existence depends on their functioning.

4. Diagnostics of health.
Allows you to identify the general state of health, the causes of the disease (which, by the way, are very different ... from karmic to return and kickbacks for various magic pranks, depending on the severity of the deed) and ways to restore health and energy.

There are times when a person comes to diagnose damage, and he has an accumulation of negative energy in the abdomen, for example. Then you say that he needs to pay attention to his health and go to the surgeon for a consultation, since the physical body itself can no longer cope with recovery without the help of a doctor.

Those who attended DEIR classes always focus on diagnostics of health and state of chakras, fields, and auras. It seems to me that wasting energy on viewing the state of health is very irrational. There is a well-developed medicine, diagnostic techniques, laboratories, apparatus. Let them do diagnostics. But when it is clearly visible that the problem is concentrated in a certain area of ​​the body and it must be treated with medical methods, and not magical, then we can say, advise a person.

Yet again. using maps and runes to say what hurts and where, what state of energy is - is very problematic. You should not waste time on this, and if it hurts, you have to go to the clinic and not lay out cards, tarot or runes.

5. Diagnostics of human energy / dwelling.
First, it is nevertheless necessary to divide diagnostics into diagnostics of a person and diagnostics of a person's dwelling.

Energy diagnostics are generally not done separately. Separately, this is only if the magical abilities of a person are checked, the level of energy, a spontaneous shift and other professional terms explaining the diagnosis of a person as a magician.

In other cases, the energy is assessed when looking at other people's magical influences, damage and other byaki. Some damage and rituals, after a clearly specified period, threaten a person with health problems and shorten his life. Therefore, we have to restore this very energy. And the energy diagnostics itself is very well done using hardware techniques, using the Kirlian effect. Therefore, no one will tell you specifically about this pimp in this chakra and one poorly functioning chakra petal. The straightening of such a chakra petal has no practical application.

So we diagnose the energy of a person if we evaluate his magical potential. The use of my boards, which raise the level, energy and potential of the magician, requires such a review and determination of the elemental shift. And without any extraneous bookmarks, kradnikov and copiers, you are quite successfully raising your own potential as a magician.

Diagnostics of the energy of the dwelling also implies viewing for hostile influences. There are also extraneous astral entities, spirits, souls of deceased people, there are also all sorts of magical and witchcraft influences on a house with the aim of causing harm to those living in it. And on illness, and on poverty, and on dying, and much more can be seen when viewing living quarters.

With business premises, the situation is even more depressing. What can you not find with such a diagnosis. And lining is the most harmless thing. Once my client asked to see what kind of inscription they wrote on the door of her salon. It turned out that a group of guys had developed a technology for a magic tug on cash flows. A rune inscription was written, but the meaning is not in it, but in the paint and the composition of this paint, which was used for this writing. It was the paint that tied the office to the hauling channel system. I advised the client to just carefully peel off the inscription from the wall so that this paint would not remain. As a result, the drag did not work. This is how it happens in our reality.

The Feng Shui system can provide some assistance to a beginner in diagnosing the state of the energy of a dwelling. Especially calculations for flying stars. With due diligence, the calculations are obtained and the negative energy of the home can be compensated to some extent.

It is impossible to diagnose the state of the energy of the dwelling with runes. As well as writing rune formulas and staves on the walls and photographs of the premises. Such magic requires a completely different approach and the use of figures of graphic magic and calculation formulas for rooms. Therefore, do not fill your head with the revelations of forum practitioners, study magic books and gain your experience.

6. Diagnostics of relations.
One of the most popular, along with negative diagnostics. This is a very good way to plan actions to keep the relationship going and take it to the next level. To diagnose a relationship, you always need a photo of both partners. Although diagnostics are done for one of them.

Using various methods, you can identify what their relationship is like, what they really crave and what they need to do in order for both to live in peace and harmony.
This also includes the diagnosis of any kind of relationship - business, partnership, family. It will help to develop tactics of influencing a partner and adjust the relationship itself. In business, he helps with the conclusion of transactions, contracts and agreements.

And again, it is difficult to carry out such diagnostics with runes. Particularly puzzling are the lengthy statements for a specific rune or a combination of runes. It just doesn't happen. The rune gives a direction, a vector, a hint, but does not speak the words of the human language for three or four sentences. Everything else from the crafty and forum practitioners.

7. Diagnostics of the financial condition.

The state of a person's finances can be understood simply by seeing him on the street, in a store or in the market. There are many signs, these are clothes, behavior, habits, purchased goods and other little things. You just have to be observant.

And the reasons for monetary problems - basically, the work goes with a specifically stated problem of a person. The only trouble is that a person is very rarely able to understand the cause of his problems, no matter how he explains it to him. And some things are better not to say at all. How can you tell a woman in love that her prince just wants to throw her on a loan? How can you tell a business woman that her project is doomed simply because she has not aimed at her level and will simply be thrown for money? And there is much more to say.
And basically, monetary diagnostics helps to identify the cause of monetary problems and suggest ways to get rich.

And again, we will not diagnose this with runes. We can say that this project is dangerous, this situation is bad, here you can be thrown, here you will have the opportunity to earn money. No more.

8. Diagnostics of the magic ritual.

This, in the form in which it is promoted by the practitioners of forum magic, is a very large magical falsehood. If you are told that in this way you can determine whether a ritual that has caught your eye is a worker, whether it will work for you personally, what the consequences will be, what are the results, in general, everything that you want to know, you should think carefully about the qualifications of this magician. Although this is not surprising, on the forums there are a lot of all sorts of pseudo-rituals, in which mistakes and bloopers and complete ignorance of the basics of magical actions are visible even at a glance.

Real magic rituals are not published on the Internet. There are books of witchcraft that describe such rituals. And these books are not copied, otherwise the ritual loses its power. Therefore, they are chasing grandmothers, many books were stolen. The same situation applies to magic books and spell books. There, too, the number of copies is sharply limited. This must be taken into account.

There are common rituals, techniques, and iconic techniques. Here in them you can make a working ritual, technique and figure. But at the same time it is necessary to know the basics of magical actions, magical correspondences, planetary, zodiacal, elemental correspondences and much more. Then, when you look at the leaflet with the record of the ritual, you will immediately say whether he is a worker.

Any fortune-telling techniques will never tell you for sure whether this is a working ritual, whether you can use it and what will happen as a result. In order to begin to understand the rituals, you need to read a certain amount of good literature, try to perform some educational rituals, and only then you will be able to understand what you need to do.

At first, you need to think well when using kradnikov, copiers, traps and other nasty things, why do you want to take revenge on this rabbit or this foe, and whether they really are in relation to you ...

9. Diagnostics of the runic stave.

First of all, you need to have common sense and not apply all these advanced patterns of knitted runes of modern Runet. Basically, they are dangerous to apply and use, since at their core they have a chaotic structure.

Well, if you nevertheless decide to use such staves, then see if it contains only runes or is there a jumble of runes, glyphs, symbols. Some magic signs do not work at all with runes in one stave. Glyphs and runes are often incompatible, since glyphs were used by those peoples who were unable to conduct runes and work with runic magic.

Next, you need to check this by becoming a worker. This is done like this - draw this creation on paper, then try to move your hand over it, the palm is sensitive to flows and you can feel what flows are felt above the surface of the paper. Then put the paper aside for a day in a plastic file and then again try to encourage flows over the stave. If you become a worker, then after a day has passed you will feel a light breeze over the surface of the paper with the staff. But if there are no sensations, then the creation called cool becoming a runologist does not work. If there is an imbalance, unpleasant sensations from the paper with the stave, then it is better to throw this creation into the trash and not spoil your aura, being next to such a creation.

And try not to use works at all without describing the direction of the stav. I remember how long ago I met one page from a magic book on the Internet, used it, and a banner channel was formed to you. And all the chocolate buns go from you to the layout of this page. So either read the reviews about the stakes or draw yourself. The staves are often made according to technology, my left leg does not know how the right leg works, and therefore have a chaotic structure.

When you use rune fortune telling, trying to get an answer to the question of whether this becoming can be used, you need to formulate the question well. Otherwise, you will not understand the answer. And if you did not like the rune that fell out, then as usual MINRUN warned you, and only you can decide to follow his advice or not ....

To be continued…

Significant expenses for the maintenance of equipment are primarily due to the low quality of its maintenance and premature repairs. To reduce labor costs and funds for maintenance and repair, it is necessary to increase productivity and improve the quality of these works by increasing the reliability and operational adaptability (maintainability) of manufactured units, development and better use of the production and technical base of enterprises, mechanization and automation of technological processes, implementation diagnostic tools and elements of the scientific organization of labor.

Under reliability understand the property of the components of the machine to perform the specified functions, keeping in time the values ​​of the established operational within the specified limits, corresponding to the specified modes and conditions of use, maintenance, repairs, storage and transportation.

Reliability during operation depends on a number of factors: the nature and volume of work performed by the machine; natural and climatic conditions; the adopted system of technical maintenance and repair of equipment; quality and availability of normative and technical documentation and means of maintenance, storage and transportation of machines; qualifications of service personnel.

Reliability is a complex property, which includes, depending on the purpose of the object or the conditions of its operation, a number of simple properties:

1. Reliability - the property of an object to continuously maintain operability for some operating time or for some time.

2. Durability - the property of the object to remain operational until the onset of the limiting state with the established system of maintenance and repairs.

3. Maintainability - property of an object, which consists in its adaptability to preventing and detecting the causes of failures, maintaining and restoring operability through repairs and maintenance.

4. Persistence - the property of the object to continuously maintain the required performance indicators during (and after) the period of storage and transportation.

Depending on the object, reliability can be determined by all of the listed properties or some of them. For example, the reliability of a gear wheel and bearings is determined by their durability, and the reliability of a machine tool - by durability, reliability and maintainability.

A car is a complex system made up of thousands of parts with varying manufacturing and operational tolerances. The work is carried out in different conditions, therefore, the service life of the same type of objects is different - depending on the operating conditions, operating modes and the quality of the elements. Therefore, each unit must be sent for repairs in accordance with its actual condition.

An individual examination (control, diagnostics, forecasting) establishes the True technical condition of each unit. Here the influence of the whole variety of working conditions, operator qualifications and other factors, on which the technical condition of the object depends, can be taken into account.

The lack of special monitoring and diagnostic equipment makes it difficult to detect many malfunctions. Old (mostly subjective) methods can only identify significant and obvious failures and deviations. The cost of checking basic systems with such methods is about 70-75% higher than when using modern diagnostic methods.

Technical diagnostics method - a set of technological and organizational rules for performing technical diagnostics operations.

Diagnostics (from the Greek diagnostikós - capable of recognizing) is a branch of knowledge that studies the technical condition of objects to be diagnosed (machines, mechanisms, equipment, structures and other technical objects) and the manifestation of technical conditions, develops methods for their determination, with the help of which a conclusion is given (a diagnosis is made) , as well as the principles of construction and organization of the use of diagnostic systems. When the objects of diagnostics are objects of a technical nature, they speak of technical diagnostics.

Diagnostics is a set of methods and means for determining the main indicators of the technical condition of individual mechanisms and the machine as a whole without disassembling them or with partial disassembly.

The result of the diagnosis is diagnosis - conclusion on the technical condition of the object, indicating, if necessary, the place, type and cause of the defect.

Diagnostic reliability- the likelihood that the diagnosis determines the technical state in which the object of diagnosis is actually located.

Technical condition- a set of object properties subject to change in the production or operation process, characterized at a certain point in time by the signs and parameters of the state established by the technical documentation for this object.

Status parameter- a physical quantity characterizing the operability or serviceability of the object being diagnosed and changing during operation.

Diagnostic operation - part of the diagnostic process, the implementation of which allows you to determine one or more diagnostic parameters of the object.

Diagnostic technology - a set of methods, parameters and diagnostic operations performed systematically and sequentially in accordance with the technological documentation to obtain the final diagnosis.

In fig. 1 shows the structure of technical diagnostics. It is characterized by two interpenetrating and interconnected directions: the theory of recognition and the theory of controllability. Recognition theory contains sections related to the construction of recognition algorithms, decision rules and diagnostic models. The theory of controllability includes the development of means and methods for obtaining diagnostic information, automated control and troubleshooting. Technical diagnostics should be considered as a section of the general theory of reliability.

Diagnosis includes three main stages:

· obtaining information about the technical condition of the diagnostic object;

· processing and analysis of the information received;

· diagnosis and decision making.

The first stage consists in determining the parameters of the state of the object, establishing qualitative indicators of the state and obtaining data on the operating time; the second - in processing and comparing the obtained values ​​of the state parameters with the nominal, permissible and limiting values, as well as using the obtained data to predict the residual life; the third - in the analysis of the results of forecasting and the establishment of the scope and timing of maintenance and repair of machine components.

Diagnostic object- the product and its components to be diagnosed.

The following objects are considered in technical diagnostics.

Element- the simplest component part of the product for this consideration, in reliability problems it can consist of many parts.

Product- a unit of products for a specific purpose, considered during the periods of design, production, testing and operation.

System- a set of jointly acting elements, designed to independently perform the assigned functions.

The concepts of an element, product and system are transformed depending on the task at hand. For example, when establishing its own reliability, the machine is considered as a system consisting of separate elements - mechanisms, parts, etc., and when studying the reliability of a technological line - as an element.

Object structure - a conditional diagram of its structure, formed by the sequential division of the object into structural elements (component parts, assembly units, etc.).

When diagnosing, distinguish work impacts, arriving at the facility during its operation, and test influences, which are supplied to the facility only for diagnostic purposes. Diagnostics, in which only working influences are applied to the object, is called functional, and diagnostics, in which test influences are applied to the object, - test technical diagnostics.

The set of tools, performers and objects of diagnostics, prepared for checking the state parameters or carrying it out according to the rules established by the relevant documentation, is called system of technical diagnostics.

Diagnostics allows: to reduce machine downtime due to technical malfunctions by preventing failures by timely adjustment, replacement or repair of individual mechanisms and assemblies; eliminate unnecessary disassembly of individual mechanisms and assemblies and reduce the rate of wear of parts; correctly establish the type and volume of repairs and reduce the labor intensity of current repairs by reducing disassembly, assembly and repair work; make fuller use of the resources of individual units and the machine as a whole, and, consequently, reduce the total number of repairs and the consumption of spare parts.

The experience of implementing diagnostics shows that the overhaul life increases by 1.5 ... 2 times, the number of failures and malfunctions is reduced by 2 ... 2.5 times, and the cost of repair and maintenance is reduced by 25 ... 30%.

In addition, the system of technical services for a fixed resource (average system) does not provide high reliability and minimal costs. This system is gradually dying out, a new and more economical method of maintenance and repair based on the actual technical condition (diagnostic system) is being introduced more and more. This makes it possible to make fuller use of the overhaul life of machines, eliminate unreasonable disassembly of mechanisms, reduce downtime due to technical malfunctions, and reduce the labor intensity of maintenance and repair. Condition-Based Operation can bring benefits equivalent to 30% of the total fleet.

In some cases, it is advisable to use a combined (mixed) diagnosis - representing a set of regulated technical diagnostics and diagnostics based on technical condition.

For diagnostic and combined systems, new research methods, a different mathematical apparatus are required. The theory of reliability should be the basis. It is necessary to study more deeply and take into account changes in the physical laws of failures, wear and aging of parts in mechanical systems. An important role in improving the management of the reliability of rolling stock belongs to the development and implementation of methods for predicting the technical condition of vehicle units.

Goals and objectives of technical diagnostics. The link between diagnostics and reliability

The purpose of technical diagnostics is to increase the reliability and service life of technical systems. Measures to maintain the reliability of machines are aimed at reducing the rate of change of state parameters (mainly the rate of wear) of their components and preventing failures. As you know, the most important indicator of reliability is the absence of failures during the operation (operation) of a technical system.

Technical diagnostics, thanks to early detection of defects and malfunctions, allows to eliminate failures in the process of maintenance, which increases the reliability and efficiency of operation.

The main condition for the long-term and trouble-free operation of the car is the timely elimination of problems as they arise. And if earlier the determination of the malfunction took a lot of time and had low accuracy, then the use of new technologies made it possible to quickly diagnose and.
What is car computer diagnostics?

Motorists often do not understand the essence and features of such checks. But everything is simple here. This is a test of electronic components and actuators of the car, which affect the functioning of the on-board system and the car as a whole. With the help of computer diagnostics, malfunctions of units are determined for further processing of a special error card and correction of current malfunctions.

Self-diagnosis systems are provided in the on-board systems. They carry out continuous testing of the main systems during the start of the motor and during the operation of the power unit. Thanks to the information received, the driver will timely learn about the current malfunctions and defects of the car.
There is a diagnostic socket in the car for checking and reading the ECU. Special diagnostic and control devices are connected to it. The use of products is the ability to accurately diagnose a malfunction and eliminate it.

When to get diagnosed?

Car enthusiasts avoid costs, so diagnostics often boils down to using "old-fashioned" methods or ignoring the problem. This approach leads to even more damage and costs in the future. To avoid problems, it is worth responding to the following malfunction symptoms:

• an increase in the consumption of gasoline (diesel fuel) by cars;
• malfunctions of the accelerator pedal. When pressed, instead of gaining speed, it slows down;
• the appearance of black and white exhausts;
• the occurrence of noises and knocks;
• an increase in the warm-up time of the power unit (in comparison with previous indicators);
• reduction of power loss of the power unit.

The symptoms described above signal obvious malfunctions of the engine or other components of the car, which are determined by computer diagnostics. The check will not be superfluous in the following cases:

1. when buying from a private owner;
2. when self-preparing a car for sale. Carrying out diagnostics is a chance to accurately calculate the cost of the car;
3. in a situation where the machine is operated for a long time without repair;
4. in cases where the car is used in extreme conditions (trips out of town, long trip, difficult weather conditions, and so on).

Diagnostic methods

Video: How computer diagnostics are used for cars

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Before starting the repair, the master determines which mechanism is faulty. This requirement is relevant for all investigated mechanisms, be it an engine or a suspension. Today, diagnostics is carried out in three ways:

1. using the human senses such as smell, hearing and sight;
2. inspection of the car, application of instruments and measurement of basic parameters;
3. carrying out electronic (computer) diagnostics.

In practice, all of the above methods are applied. The only difference is in the duration and accuracy of the procedure. The first method is the simplest, but not very precise. The second is accurate, but it is time consuming. The ideal option is computer diagnostics of the car. Its essence is in scanning nodes controlled by a microprocessor.

Check features

New models of cars have an ECU (electronic control unit), which records current errors and notifies the driver about the presence of problems with a particular unit. All malfunctions are identified using special complexes. The service carries out:

1. car engine diagnostics, checking the operation of all sensors, controllers and systems;
2. diagnostics of the correct operation of the crankset and ECU.

Auto diagnostic program

As soon as all checks are completed, current faults appear on the monitor screen. Further, the program reconfigures the ECU (if there are violations). If the problem is a fuel system failure, then the program determines the repair option.
In addition to the engine, the fuel system and the cooling system, other systems are checked - the gearbox and the chassis of the car. When the probability of missing something is minimal. The specialist accurately identifies the malfunction, which saves time to find the problem and money to repair serviceable parts.

Nuances of diagnosis

Video: Computer diagnostics of the ELM327 car (Part 1)

A popular test is engine diagnostics, for which a scanner and a motor tester are used. First, the nodes are scanned - electronic diagnostics. A personal computer (or laptop) acts as a scanner, which is connected through the diagnostic connector and reads error codes. A feature of such a device is assistance in controlling mechanisms and decoding signals sent from microprocessor sensors.
In practice, scanning is not enough to identify a problem. To obtain accurate results, a motor tester is used - a multichannel oscilloscope. The task of the device is to measure signals coming from the on-board computer, display oscillograms and other data on the screen. Additional information allows you to draw accurate conclusions about the problem and decide what to do next.
The equipment described above is available in two types:

• stationary motor testers are devices designed for versatile vehicle diagnostics. In such OBD-II systems - only a small part of the gas analyzer system, reading the compression parameters, pressure in the fuel system, and so on;
• dealer scanners (specialized devices) - digital products that are multifunctional. Basically, it is a combination of a small computer, an oscilloscope, and a multimeter. The cost of a specialized device exceeds 2-3 thousand dollars, so you can find it only at a specialized service station.

Despite the accuracy and simplicity, computer diagnostics of a car takes a certain amount of time. The problem is not immediately apparent. The average duration of the tests is 20-30 minutes, because the specialists at the service station not only read the error codes, but also decipher the ECU readings.

Stages of work on computer diagnostics of a car

Computer diagnostics of a car engine

Computer diagnostics includes testing the electronics of the car and the units responsible for the operation of the main components of the vehicle - the engine, suspension, cruise control, transmission, navigation, dashboard, and so on. The work takes place in several stages:

1. The components of the car are checked using the available diagnostic tools, basic data are taken from the components of the car, errors are read. At this stage, the workshop worker must correctly decipher the scanner readings and draw preliminary conclusions about the malfunction;
2. At the second stage, additional analog testing is done. The electrical part of the car is checked - wires, batteries, contact connections, generator. The master determines whether the system is in good order or not. Otherwise, the rest of the data will be irrelevant;
3. Car parameters are checked online. The option name is "Data Strea". Information on the flow - a chance to check signals from executive bodies and other elements. In this mode, the main parameters are visible on the screen of the testing device - fuel injection, sensors, XX mode, and so on;
4. The analysis of the data obtained during the verification process is carried out. As already mentioned, the scanner produces basic waveforms that are worth comparing with the typical ones for each of the vehicles. Usually a skilled craftsman has all this information at hand;
5. Errors written to the controller are cleared. This is followed by reinitialization. In some cases, it is necessary to perform repeated initialization work (if the main parameters were lost).

Conclusion

Computer diagnostics of a car - the ability to identify a malfunction (at an early stage) and eliminate it. Saving in this business often leads to the failure of expensive units and, as a result, high costs.

Like any repair, it starts with a diagnosis. It is necessary to establish whether there are organic violations? What emotion underlies the disorder: guilt, resentment, fear? In addition, you should find out if there are signs of psychopathy? If we get a positive answer to all questions, then hypnosis, as doctors say, is "indicated." Further - preparation for work.

As Suvorov said, "every warrior must understand his maneuver" - the patient has to be cured with the help of a hypnotherapist, so he has to take my instructions as a guide to action. This, by the way, is the most important part of the process of getting rid of the ailment, because many people think that they paid for the fact that they will be "treated". Sometimes you can die with laughter. In fact, the hypnotherapist is no more than Virgil leading Dante through the circles of hell. In the end, each patient begins to understand this, and silent composure comes to replace the sybaritic expectation. That's it, "the client is ready"! Let's start diving.

For therapeutic purposes, “light somnambulism” is usually used - the middle stage of hypnosis (two points according to Katkov, the level of eyelid catalepsy in Elman's induction), but even this level of immersion will require courage for you. It will be necessary to abandon everyday fears about hypnosis (“they will turn into zombies, break the psyche”) and think why the two-century practice of using hypnosis in medicine did not lead to licensing of hypnotherapeutic activity? After answering this question in yourself, think about the purpose of immersion in the somnambulist. Do you want to get rid of a psychosomatic illness or just experience the sensation of hypnotic nirvana? Both are good, but in the first case, you need to be prepared for the fact that at some stage familiar symptoms will arise. Do you want to get rid of them? Then, while listening to the recording, you will not only have to put up with them, but also hold onto and even savor them. This is necessary for the process of therapy to begin in the free layers of the psyche that you have opened.

Treat audio recordings at ease. You can turn on any of them from the place where you can surrender to the surging experiences: and sob excitedly, and laugh convulsively, and throw tantrums, and express thoughts aloud. You can use both tracks in turn, switching from the first to the second, or vice versa, as soon as any obstacle arises. The main thing is not to forget that this is not a treatment, but a "probe" - a game of hypnotherapy. The hypnostimulator is designed to create an advertising and promotional effect to make you more serious about the possibilities of hypnotherapy. Therefore, the smoothing out or even the complete disappearance of painful symptoms should not mislead you - you just got the opportunity to make sure that hypnotherapy is indicated for you. Now you know for sure that you should make an appointment with a live specialist in order to undergo a full course of treatment.

Good luck! Hypnotherapist Gennady Ivanov.

Educational program on hypnosis

Ready to dial, stop. Be clear about your request. Please look at the articles on hypnosis in advance in order to have a clear idea of ​​the phenomenon and perhaps dispel fears and myths:

Reviews, articles about hypnosis on medbooking.com

Hypnosis: a review on the treatment of fear of riding the metro & psoriasis & social phobia

Treatment of deep caries under hypnosis. Hypnoanesthesia & Self-hypnosis.

Anesthesia in hypnosis. Super deep hypnosis. Hypnoanesthesia. Dental treatment under hypnosis

Hypnosis: a review on the treatment of ophidiophobia (fear of snakes).