Starting from 07/28/2017, in Russian Federation the law "On OSAGO" is in force. The document regulates the List of the most serious technical breakdowns of components and assemblies of all Vehicle operating on the country's highways.
We bring to the attention of readers a list of malfunctions in which the operation of the vehicle is prohibited in 2019.
The need to ban the operation of the vehicle
The list provides for critical failures of nodes, mechanisms of all self-propelled vehicles, tractors, cars, buses, mopeds, motorcycles, trailers, road trains, other vehicles and the conditions under which their operation on the roads is prohibited.
Fault checking in Russia is regulated by GOST R 51709-2001. The list covers systems, components, mechanisms that most affect traffic safety and the safety of people: brakes, lighting, steering, engine, windshield wipers, windshield washers.
For the braking system, restrictions when driving on motorways and roads general purpose are installed if the efficiency of the brakes does not comply with GOST R 51709-2001, leaks have occurred hydraulic system brake actuator, non-tightness of pneumohydraulic and pneumatic brake actuators.
The movement of vehicles in 2019 is prohibited if the reduction air pressure when the engine is stopped is 0.05 MPa or more for 15 minutes after pressing the pedal, if the compressed air comes out of brake cylinders on wheels, the pressure gauge of the pneumohydraulic or pneumatic brake drive is out of order.
You can not operate all types of vehicles if the handbrake does not allow you to hold motionless:
- fully loaded vehicles on the plane of inclination 16%;
- buses, cars on the plane of inclination 23%;
- trucks, road trains on the plane of inclination 31%.
It is forbidden to release on the tracks and roads vehicles whose total steering play exceeds:
- trucks 25mm;
- buses 20 mm;
- passenger cars 10 mm.
It is strictly forbidden to operate vehicles of any categories and versions, in which:
- The installation of parts and assemblies not provided for by the design documentation was completed.
- There is their movement as part of the vehicle.
- Thread not tightened to correct torque.
- Fasteners are not fixed in the manner prescribed by the TD.
- The position of the steering column is not fixed.
- There is no or broken power steering or steering damper for motorcycles.
The Federal Law and the List prohibit the operation of vehicles on motorways and all types of motorways if they do not comply with the DD:
- mode of operation;
- location;
- color spectrum;
- construction type;
- the number of external lights.
On previously discontinued vehicles, it is permissible to install lighting devices from other models and configurations.
The law does not allow the movement of cars, motorcycles and all other vehicles on highways, in which: the headlights are adjusted with a discrepancy with GOST R 51709-2001, external devices lights are covered with a layer of dirt or do not perform their functions, there are no diffusers, lamps and diffusers do not correspond to the type of lighting device, the location of the flashing beacon, visibility light signal, the method of fastening does not meet the established standards.
Malfunction of windshield washers and wipers
The operation of all motor vehicles is prohibited if the windshield wiper in the moving vehicle is not working, the windshield washer is not working.
It is forbidden to operate vehicles whose tires have a residual tread for vehicle categories of not more than:
- category M2, M3 - 2 mm;
- category M1, N1, O1, O2 - 1.6 mm;
- category N2, N3, O3, O4 - 1 mm;
- category L - 0.8 mm.
Vehicles that have:
- Available external damage tires, holes, deep scratches, cuts, breaks. Outside, you can see the cord, carcass delamination, tread delamination.
- One or more nuts or bolts are missing. Cracked disc, wheel rim.
- Violations of the configuration and dimensions of the holes for attaching the wheels are visible.
- The tires of the vehicle model do not correspond in size or to the parameters of the permissible axle loads.
- Tires of various dimensions, types, designs are installed on one axle. It can be: new and restored, winter and summer. It is forbidden to use on the same axle tires with different pattern tread, tubeless with chamber, diagonal with radial.
Engine
It is not allowed to operate a mobile vehicle with an excess of the content of harmful and toxic substances in the exhaust gases, as well as exhaust smoke exceeding the norms according to GOST R 52033-2003 and GOST R 52160-2003, with leaking fuel lines, faulty system disposal of waste exhaust gases, lack of crankcase ventilation, excess acceptable level noise and vibration in accordance with GOST R 52231-2004.
Conclusion
The article deals with cases in which malfunctions are prohibited from operating a car and other high-speed vehicles.
The entire list approved by the Federal Law contains many more items that cover malfunctions that in one way or another affect the safety during the operation of vehicles.
This applies to beeps, windshield tinting that is too tight, the quality of trailer locks, towing hitch.
Readers, no doubt, are interested in the question, at what malfunction is the operation of the vehicle allowed?
Legislators give a simple answer: any malfunctions not included in the federal list give the full right to operate the vehicle on all highways of the Russian Federation.
Appendix to the Basic Provisions for the admission of vehicles to operation and duties officials security traffic.
In red. Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation of 21.02.2002 N 127, of 14.12.2005 N 767, of 28.02.2006 N 109, of 16.02.2008 N 84, of 24.02.2010 N 87, of 10.05.2010 N 316
This List establishes malfunctions of cars, buses, road trains, trailers, motorcycles, mopeds, tractors, other self-propelled machines and the conditions under which their operation is prohibited. Methods for checking the given parameters are regulated by GOST R 51709-2001 " Vehicles. Safety requirements for technical condition and methods of verification.
1. Brake systems
1.1
The braking efficiency standards of the service brake system do not comply with GOST R 51709-2001.
(clause 1.1 as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 14, 2005 N 767)
1.2 The tightness of the hydraulic brake drive is broken.
1.3 Violation of the tightness of the pneumatic and pneumohydraulic brake drives causes a drop in air pressure with the engine off by 0.05 MPa or more in 15 minutes after they are fully activated. A leak compressed air from wheel brake chambers.
1.4 The pressure gauge of the pneumatic or pneumohydraulic brake drives does not work.
1.5 Parking lot brake system does not provide a stationary state:
- vehicles with a full load - on a slope of up to 16 percent inclusive;
- cars and buses in running order - on a slope of up to 23 percent inclusive;
- trucks and road trains in running order - on a slope of up to 31 percent inclusive.
2. Steering
2.1 The total steering play exceeds the following values:
2.2 There are movements of parts and assemblies not provided for by the design. Threaded connections not tightened or not fixed established way. The device for fixing the position of the steering column is inoperative.
2.3 The power steering or steering damper (for motorcycles) provided for by the design is faulty or missing.
3. External lights
3.1 The number, type, color, location and mode of operation of external lighting devices do not meet the requirements of the vehicle design.
Note
On vehicles discontinued from production, it is allowed to install external lighting devices from vehicles of other makes and models.
3.2 Headlight adjustment does not comply with GOST R 51709-2001.
3.3 Do not work in the set mode or external lighting devices and retroreflectors are dirty.
3.4 There are no diffusers on the lighting devices or diffusers and lamps are used that do not correspond to the type of this lighting device.
3.5 The installation of flashing beacons, the methods of their attachment and the visibility of the light signal do not correspond established requirements.
3.6 Installed on the vehicle:
- in front - lighting devices with lights of any color other than white, yellow or orange, and retroreflective devices of any color other than white;
- behind - lights reversing and lighting of the state registration plate with lights of any color other than white, and other lighting devices with lights of any color other than red, yellow or orange, as well as retroreflective devices of any color other than red.
(clause 3.6 as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 28, 2006 N 109)
Note
The provisions of this paragraph do not apply to state registration, distinctive and identification marks installed on vehicles.
(note introduced by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 28, 2006 N 109)
4. Windshield wipers and windshield washers
4.1 Windshield wipers do not work in the set mode.
4.2 Windshield washers provided for by the design of the vehicle do not work.
5. Wheels and tires
5.1 Passenger car tires have a residual tread height of less than 1.6 mm, trucks - 1 mm, buses - 2 mm, motorcycles and mopeds - 0.8 mm.
Note
For trailers, standards are set residual height tire tread pattern, similar to the norms for tires of vehicles - tractors.
5.2 Tires have external damage (punctures, cuts, ruptures), exposing the cord, as well as delamination of the carcass, delamination of the tread and sidewall.
5.3 There is no mounting bolt (nut) or there are cracks in the disk and wheel rims, there are visible violations of the shape and size of the mounting holes.
5.4 Tires by size or permissible load do not match the vehicle model.
5.5
Tires are installed on one axle of the vehicle various sizes, designs (radial, diagonal, chamber, tubeless), models with different tread patterns, frost-resistant and non-frost-resistant, new and restored, new and with deep tread pattern. The vehicle is equipped with studded and non-studded tires.
(clause 5.5 as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 10.05.2010 N 316)
6. Engine
6.1
Content harmful substances in exhaust gases and their opacity exceed the values established by GOST R 52033-2003 and GOST R 52160-2003.
6.2 The tightness of the power supply system is broken.
6.3
The system of release of the fulfilled gases is faulty.
(as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 14, 2005 N 767)
6.4 The tightness of the crankcase ventilation system is broken.
6.5
The permissible level of external noise exceeds the values established by GOST R 52231-2004.
(clause 6.5 was introduced by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 14, 2005 N 767)
7. Other structural elements
7.1 The number, location and class of rear-view mirrors do not comply with GOST R 51709-2001, there are no glasses provided for by the vehicle design.
7.2 Sound signal does not work.
7.3 Additional items are installed or coatings are applied that limit visibility from the driver's seat.
Note
Transparent colored films can be attached to the top of the windshield of cars and buses. It is allowed to use tinted glass (except mirror glass), the light transmission of which corresponds to GOST 5727-88. It is allowed to use curtains on the windows of tourist buses, as well as blinds and curtains on rear windows passenger cars with external rear-view mirrors on both sides.
7.4 The locks of the doors of the body or cab, locks of the sides, provided for by the design, do not work cargo platform, tank caps and fuel tank caps, driver's seat adjustment mechanism, emergency door stop switch and signal to stop on the bus, interior lighting devices of the bus interior, emergency exits and devices for actuating them, door control drive, speedometer, tachograph, anti-theft devices, glass heating and blowing devices.
7.5 The rear protective device, mudguards and mudguards provided for by the design are missing.
7.6 The towing and coupling devices of the tractor and the trailer link are faulty, and the safety cables (chains) provided for by their design are missing or faulty. There are backlashes in the connections of the motorcycle frame with the frame of the side trailer.
7.7 Missing:
- by bus, car and truck, wheeled tractors- first aid kit, fire extinguisher, sign emergency stop according to GOST R 41.27-99;
(as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 14, 2005 N 767) - on trucks with permission maximum weight over 3.5 tons and buses with a maximum permitted weight over 5 tons - wheel chocks(must be at least two);
- on a motorcycle with a side trailer - a first-aid kit, an emergency stop sign in accordance with GOST R 41.27-99.
(as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 14, 2005 N 767)
7.8
Illegal equipment of vehicles with the identification sign " federal Service protection of the Russian Federation", flashing beacons and/or special sound signals or the presence on the outer surfaces of vehicles of special color schemes, inscriptions and designations that do not correspond to state standards Russian Federation.
(as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2008 N 84)
7.9
There are no seat belts and (or) seat head restraints if their installation is provided for by the vehicle design or the Basic Provisions for the Authorization of Vehicles for Operation and the Duties of Road Safety Officials.
(clause 7.9 as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 24, 2010 N 87)
7.10 The seat belts are inoperable or have visible tears in the webbing.
7.11 Spare wheel holder, winch and spare wheel raising and lowering mechanism do not work. The ratchet device of the winch does not fix the drum with the fastening rope.
7.12 The semi-trailer is missing or defective support device, clamps transport position supports, mechanisms for raising and lowering supports.
7.13 The tightness of the seals and connections of the engine, gearbox, final drives, rear axle, clutch, battery, cooling and air conditioning systems and additionally installed on the vehicle hydraulic devices.
7.14 Technical parameters indicated on the outer surface gas cylinders cars and buses equipped with gas system nutrition do not match the data technical passport, there are no dates of the last and planned survey.
7.15 State register sign vehicle or the method of its installation does not comply with GOST R 50577-93.
7.15.1 There are no identification marks that must be installed in accordance with clause 8 of the Basic Provisions for the admission of vehicles to operation and the duties of officials to ensure road safety, approved by the Decree of the Council of Ministers - the Government of the Russian Federation dated October 23, 1993 No. 1090 "On the rules road traffic".
7.16 Motorcycles do not have built-in safety bars.
7.17 On motorcycles and mopeds there are no footrests provided for by the design, transverse handles for passengers on the saddle.
7.18 Changes have been made to the design of the vehicle without the permission of the State Road Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation or other bodies determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.
Malfunctions of the brake system, in which the Rules of the Road prohibit the operation of vehicles
1.1. The braking efficiency standards of the service brake system do not comply with GOST R 51709-2001.
The effectiveness of the vehicle's braking system is evaluated by checking the brakes on special stands or during road tests.
IN road conditions when braking with a service brake system with an initial braking speed of 40 km / h, a passenger car (including with a trailer) must not leave any of its parts outside the normative traffic corridor 3 m wide, braking distances must not exceed 14.7 m, and the steady-state deceleration is 5.8 m/s².
Road tests are carried out on a straight, level, horizontal dry clean road with cement or asphalt concrete pavement.
Braking by the service brake system is carried out in the emergency full braking mode by a single action on the brake pedal, while the time of bringing the brake system into action should not exceed 0.2 s.
Everything is clear here, except for one thing. What is a "steady slowdown"?
The traffic police is armed with a device that, when testing brakes, is rigidly attached to the car body. It shows the braking intensity in the same units as regular acceleration and deceleration. When carrying out the so-called "instrumental control" of the technical condition of vehicles, the above parameters are taken from the readings of the test brake stand.
1.2. The tightness of the hydraulic brake drive is broken.
Leakage of pipes, hoses and cylinders is one of the reasons for the appearance of air bubbles in the system, and you already know what this threatens. In addition, initially insignificant leakage can lead to a “dam break” in a particular place of the hydraulic brake drive. This usually happens when you press the brake pedal hard and hard. The pedal falls to the floor, and then no one knows who or what will help stop the car.
1.5. The parking brake system does not provide a stationary state:
- vehicles with a full load - on a slope up to 16 percent inclusive,
- cars in running order - on a slope of up to 23 percent inclusive.
Why do you need a parking brake, you recently learned. The safety of your vehicle, as well as the safety of other road users, depends on the performance of the parking brake.
Imagine a mass of about a ton, which, without the participation of the driver, begins spontaneous movement. There will probably be a lot of trouble! That is why the driver must apply the parking brake when stopping on a slope. And when long-term parking with the engine off, the "experienced" driver also includes the first (or reverse) gear. Engine not running through the connected transmission units, it reliably keeps the wheels and the car itself from spontaneous movement in the absence of the owner.
Now let's deal with the terminology of the official text.
Automobile in running order this is a fully loaded car operating fluids and materials, equipped with standard tools and a spare wheel, and in the car at that time there is only one driver without passengers.
Automobile with full load - This is an equipped car, in which there are not only the driver, but also all passengers in accordance with the number of seats intended for them, as well as 50 kg of cargo in the trunk.
Since road science and mathematics are not exactly the same, road slope expressed as a percentage, not degrees.
"And how is that?" – must ask nine out of ten readers.
Figure 59 explains the answer to the question. A road on a slope can have sections with a variable angle of elevation, so the total slope of the road (from the bottom to the top) is calculated as the ratio of the height of the slope to its length and is expressed as a percentage.
Rice. 59. Slope of the road
It is forbidden to move in case of malfunction of the service brake system.
In the event of failure of the brake system, as in the event of a malfunction of the steering, further movement car is strictly prohibited! And hardly anyone will have a desire to continue the trip "without brakes."
Each of us knows the mocking phrase that the brakes were invented by cowards. However, many of the daredevils who did not use the brakes or operated the car without them are no longer able to read these lines ... Yes, here is such a somewhat unambiguous and black humor.
However, any sane person will never doubt the opposite, that it is not worth driving onto the road without brakes. Even when carrying out maintenance for the brakes, drivers are asked strictly. Separately for the hydraulic brake system and for the parking brake. Well, we already somehow talked about the parking brake in one of our articles. But about the malfunction of the hydraulic system and what kind of fine awaits the driver in the event of a malfunction, let's talk in this one!
SDA on the health of the brakes before leaving the road
Before scolding violators, it is necessary to decide who they are. That is, to argue that they are. And since the "bible" for any motorist is traffic rules, let's start by studying them. They say
|
2.3. The driver of the vehicle must: |
In principle, if you have read everything that is written in the SDA (above), it becomes clear. That with faulty brakes it is impossible to leave! And if they break on the road, then the movement will be prohibited.
What brake malfunctions require a vehicle ban
Here it is worth referring to the mentioned Basic Provisions, or rather to the application for them. In fact, this is a List of malfunctions in which operation is prohibited.
The requirements of GOST are checked for maintenance, it will be quite problematic to do it yourself. Basically, this is the ratio of effort on the pedals and the operation of the brakes. That is, a certain test of the effectiveness of the braking system.
And what about leaks, gaps, faulty control devices, then it is not difficult to control the driver himself.
Of course for any traffic violation have their own article of the Code of Administrative Offenses The Russian Federation, which just prescribes punishment for actions related to traffic violations.
What article regulates the fine for the brake system
For the brake system, a fairly common article of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation is used, namely 12.5. However, if for most cases this is part 1, then even a special part was allocated for the brake system, namely 2.
There is a very interesting word here - DEFINITELY. That is, if the driver drove, drove, and everything was fine. And then suddenly it broke down once, while he was not in the know until the last, until the inspector himself stopped him and discovered a malfunction along with the driver, it seems like there is no violation. But who would believe in such a combination of circumstances ...
In general, we can say that it is almost impossible to get behind the wheel of a car and not understand that there was a malfunction in the brake system. And this means that the trip was with a deliberately faulty brake system.
So, the fine here, in principle, is not large, minimal. However, this is not the worst thing that can threaten.
Detention of the car for faulty brakes
Part 2, Article 12.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation provides for the detention of a car, on the basis of Article 27.13 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. Let's quote a piece:
That is, the car is simply simply taken to the impound and from there they will either leave after repair, or on a tow truck. In addition, in most cases, an additional fee is also charged for guarded parking lots, that is, the amount for finding a car in such a parking lot will have to be added to the fine. In general, the hassle and the money spent in this case will be much more than just the minimum fine.
Is it possible to pay a fine for a brake system at a discount
In 2016, Article 32.2 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation was supplemented with a clause on the possibility of paying a fine at a discount. This does not apply to all articles, but article 12.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. Allows the use of indulgence by Article 32.2. Simply put, it is possible to pay a fine for brakes at a discount. The main thing here is to pay the fine within 20 days from the date of the decision.
Question-answer on the topic "Penalty for a faulty brake system"
Question: What is the penalty for faulty brakes?
Answer: 500 rubles. In this case, if the malfunction concerns the brake hydraulic system, then the vehicle will be detained. For faults hand brake does not apply.
Each of us knows the mocking phrase that the brakes were invented by cowards. However, many of the daredevils who did not use the brakes or operated the car without them are no longer able to read these lines ... Yes, here is such a somewhat unambiguous and black humor.
However, any sane person will never doubt the opposite, that it is not worth driving onto the road without brakes. Even when carrying out maintenance for the brakes, drivers are asked strictly. Separately for the hydraulic brake system and for the parking brake. Well, we already somehow talked about the parking brake in one of our articles. But about the malfunction of the hydraulic system and what kind of fine awaits the driver in the event of a malfunction, let's talk in this one!
SDA on the health of the brakes before leaving the road
Before scolding violators, it is necessary to decide who they are. That is, to argue that they are. And since the "bible" for any motorist is traffic rules, let's start by studying them. They say
|
2.3. The driver of the vehicle must: |
In principle, if you have read everything that is written in the SDA (above), it becomes clear. That with faulty brakes it is impossible to leave! And if they break on the road, then the movement will be prohibited.
What brake malfunctions require a vehicle ban
Here it is worth referring to the mentioned Basic Provisions, or rather to the application for them. In fact, this is a List of malfunctions in which operation is prohibited.
The requirements of GOST are checked for maintenance, it will be quite problematic to do it yourself. Basically, this is the ratio of effort on the pedals and the operation of the brakes. That is, a certain test of the effectiveness of the braking system.
And what about leaks, gaps, faulty control devices, it is not difficult to control the driver himself.
Of course, any violation of traffic rules has its own article of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, which just prescribes punishment for actions related to violations of traffic rules.
What article regulates the fine for the brake system
For the brake system, a fairly common article of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation is used, namely 12.5. However, if for most cases this is part 1, then even a special part was allocated for the brake system, namely 2.
There is a very interesting word here - DEFINITELY. That is, if the driver drove, drove, and everything was fine. And then suddenly it broke down once, while he was not in the know until the last, until the inspector himself stopped him and discovered a malfunction along with the driver, it seems like there is no violation. But who would believe in such a combination of circumstances ...
In general, we can say that it is almost impossible to get behind the wheel of a car and not understand that there was a malfunction in the brake system. And this means that the trip was with a deliberately faulty brake system.
So, the fine here, in principle, is not large, minimal. However, this is not the worst thing that can threaten.
Detention of the car for faulty brakes
Part 2, Article 12.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation provides for the detention of a car, on the basis of Article 27.13 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. Let's quote a piece:
That is, the car is simply simply taken to the impound and from there they will either leave after repair, or on a tow truck. In addition, in most cases, an additional fee is also charged for guarded parking lots, that is, the amount for finding a car in such a parking lot will have to be added to the fine. In general, the hassle and the money spent in this case will be much more than just the minimum fine.
Is it possible to pay a fine for a brake system at a discount
In 2016, Article 32.2 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation was supplemented with a clause on the possibility of paying a fine at a discount. This does not apply to all articles, but article 12.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. Allows the use of indulgence by Article 32.2. Simply put, it is possible to pay a fine for brakes at a discount. The main thing here is to pay the fine within 20 days from the date of the decision.
Question-answer on the topic "Penalty for a faulty brake system"
Question: What is the penalty for faulty brakes?
Answer: 500 rubles. In this case, if the malfunction concerns the brake hydraulic system, then the vehicle will be detained. Not applicable for handbrake faults.
