How is 1 and 2 carried out. Types and frequency of vehicle maintenance

Car maintenance (MOT) is a set of measures aimed at monitoring the technical condition of a car, preventing the occurrence of malfunctions or their timely elimination.

Periodic Maintenance - Warranty reliable work your car. Recommended passage period Maintenance and the list necessary work set by the car manufacturer and ranges from 10,000 km to 15,000 km of run, but at least once a year, while the operating conditions of the car must also be taken into account, if you have to drive on dusty roads, it is recommended to shorten the maintenance periods.

List of works included in TO

When carrying out maintenance, our car service is guided by the requirements of car manufacturers and carries out the following work:

  • control;
  • diagnostic;
  • adjusting;
  • lubricating;
  • filling stations;
  • electrical;
  • fasteners.

Based on the frequency of execution, the volume and complexity of the work, there are 3 types of maintenance:

  • TO-1 is carried out after 10,000 km of run. The purpose of the first maintenance is to prevent minor faults which can subsequently bring big problems and require serious and expensive repairs. It includes a replacement engine oil, oil filter and adjustment of various units.
  • TO-2 after 30,000 km. The second service is distinguished by the large number and complexity of works in comparison with TO-1, which in in this case carried out with the removal of individual parts of the car. Car diagnostics and maintenance are carried out using specialized equipment.
  • TO-3 is the most complex and expensive service. It includes the replacement of engine oil, oil filter, fuel filter, air filter, if provided by the design of the car, then the cabin filter, spark plugs, timing belt complete with rollers, drive belts with rollers, brake fluid, the vehicle is also inspected on a lift and computer diagnostics, the wheel alignment is checked. Maintenance of TO-3 is recommended to be performed every 60,000 km of the vehicle's run.

Depending on the condition of the vehicle, it total mileage, as well as from previously performed work, part of the work may be postponed to a later time, while it must be remembered that wear and tear of the timing belt will entail a complex, expensive repairs engine cylinder head, and possibly lead to the need to replace piston group engine and overhaul engine.

  • Seasonal maintenance. Such maintenance is carried out twice a year, in spring and autumn, in order to prepare the car for the summer or winter season operation, this includes, for example, replacement winter tires for summer, anti-corrosion treatment of the body and so on.

Maintenance regulations

Regulations service the vehicle is installed at the factory and contains a list of engineers' recommendations. All the necessary data on the passage of MOT are indicated in service book, which is included in the set of mandatory documents for any car.

The frequency of maintenance can be determined by time interval, mileage, or both.

Service station "Abasheva 100" offers comprehensive maintenance of vehicles. Our highly qualified specialists will diagnose, identify possible malfunctions and give recommendations on how to eliminate them. Our car service station in Bryansk is equipped with the most modern equipment, allowing you to get accurate data on the operation of car systems. In addition, we carry out maintenance on favorable prices, which you can find in the "Prices" section.

If you want to sign up for maintenance or get answers to your questions, call us at the numbers listed on the website. Our experts are always ready to help you.

Car maintenance is a necessity due to which the car is in good technical condition. Car repair and car maintenance are different concepts. Repair is carried out in the event of a vehicle breakdown, which can easily happen due to non-fulfillment preventive measures which are described in the maintenance schedules.

If the vehicle is not serviced, it is guaranteed to fail in a relatively short period of time, and repairs can be costly.

All car maintenance work can be divided into types of work performed, these include: lubrication work, adjustment work, diagnostic work(control of components, assemblies and elements of the car), fastening work, refueling work, electrical work, replacement work and others.

There are 4 types of vehicle maintenance, they are performed at regular intervals. The number and complexity of the actions performed at each maintenance are different. Seasonal maintenance (CO), daily maintenance (EO), first maintenance (TO-1), second maintenance (TO-2) are distinguished.

Daily maintenance (EO) is performed to maintain the vehicle in proper condition, control working fluids (oil, fuel, brake fluid, etc.) and ensure the safety of the vehicle while driving.

Before driving a car, the driver needs to check the following points:

  • Completeness of the car (presence and safety of side mirrors, license plates, wheels, etc.);
  • Car body condition (availability mechanical damage on the body, the condition of the paintwork);
  • Readability of license plates, cleanliness of car mirrors and glass;
  • The operability of doors, trunk, hood and locks;
  • Serviceability of electrical equipment (glass cleaner, lighting devices, car alarms);
  • The tightness of the cooling system, fuel system, brake system, engine lubrication systems;
  • Check the presence of working fluids and the level of working fluids (oil, brake fluid, coolant, power steering fluid, gasoline);
  • Check the serviceability of the brake system (the brake pedal should not "fail");
  • Estimate free run steering wheel;
  • Check the accuracy of the information control measuring instruments car;
  • Assess the air pressure in the tires of the car;
  • Check the parking place of the car (there should be no traces of oil, gasoline or coolant);

After your trip by car, there are 3 things to check: oil level engine, coolant level, fuel availability in the tank of the car.

Shouldn't be taken daily service as a joke or optional part of car maintenance. Daily maintenance helps to identify important malfunctions and shortcomings that can lead to an accident, car malfunction on the road and other unpleasant and undesirable consequences. The air pressure in the tires greatly affects the vehicle's handling during dynamic driving. Lack of brake fluid or leakage of the brake system makes the brake system malfunctioning. The culprit of an accident in case of brake failure is the driver of the faulty vehicle. A fine is issued for unreadable license plates, and poor visibility roads due to contamination of glass and mirrors increases the possibility of a car accident.

First and second maintenance

The first and second maintenance (TO-1, TO-2) is carried out when the vehicle reaches a certain mileage (mileage). The mileage, after which the maintenance is carried out, is displayed in the instructions that come with the car. TO-1 and 2 include fastening, cleaning, lubrication, diagnostic and adjustment work. Also, the periods and maintenance and the frequency of certain operations may depend on the operating conditions of the car. The air filter changes more often when driving on dusty roads and in off-road conditions, the frequency of oil changes varies greatly depending on the operating conditions of the car (you can read here).

Twice a year, drivers prepare the car for driving in cold and warm seasons. The set of measures is called seasonal maintenance (SO). A striking example CO - replacement car tires... In areas with a harsh winter climate, the engine oil may change from summer to winter and vice versa. Some drivers may provide anti-corrosion treatments to the body.

Car maintenance is carried out regularly. It should include regular inspections, annual inspections, seasonal inspections. The age of the car, its technical condition and mileage affects the regularity of maintenance.

Next, we will describe the maintenance procedures based on the mileage traveled and the age of the car. Maintenance services include more than visual inspection, control of systems and elements of the car. Works on lubrication, adjustment and replacement of parts are carried out. You should also take into account the individual characteristics of the car and the recommendations of the manufacturer, some operations may be performed more often or less often. In general, if you follow these regulations, the vast majority of cars should not have problems.

Mileage 10-15 thousand kilometers

  • Changing the engine oil, together with oil filter;
  • Check the transmission oil level in the gearbox;
  • Check the belt additional equipment(generator drive), visually assess the condition and tension of the belt;
  • Check the condition of the battery;
  • Check lighting devices(headlights, dimensions, turn signals), check the serviceability of the indicators on the instrument panel;
  • Check the ignition timing (incorrect ignition timing increases fuel consumption);
  • Replace the wiper blades if necessary;
  • Check the performance of the spark plugs, in case of malfunction, replace the spark plugs;
  • Assess the condition of the paintwork (chips, corrosion, scratches, cracks);
  • Check the condition of the bottom, sills, wheel arches;
  • If necessary, lubricate the trunk lock, door hinges, bonnet;
  • Check the condition of the car's suspension (silent blocks, bushings, pillows, bearings, levers, etc.). Diagnose the suspension;
  • Assess the condition of the tires. Replace them if necessary;
  • Evaluate by ear the operation of the engine, gearbox, clutch system. Should be absent extraneous noise when the nodes are working;
  • Check the operation of the braking system, evaluate its effectiveness. Check brake pads for wear;
  • Check the handbrake, evaluate the brake pedal travel;
  • Check the brake fluid level;
  • Check the condition of the timing belt ( toothed belt gas distribution mechanism). The timing chain can stand;
  • Replace the air filter;
  • Check fuel system, for tightness;
  • Remove water from the fuel filter (for a diesel engine);

Mileage 20 - 30 thousand kilometers

  • Replace spark plugs. The candles could have changed earlier. Iridium candles ignition changes 2-3 times less often;
  • Replace fuel filter;
  • Check the tightness of components and assemblies, seals, oil seals;
  • Clean the terminals and terminals of the battery;
  • Replace the fuel filter;
  • Measure toxicity exhaust gases, if necessary adjust idle speed engine;
  • Check the fuel injection system
  • Evaluate clutch pedal travel
  • Adjust valve
  • Treat the body with an anti-corrosion compound
  • On the diesel engine replace the fuel filter
  • Check status brake pads

Mileage 30 - 45 thousand kilometers

  • Change the oil in the automatic transmission;
  • Diagnose and service the starter;
  • Flush the engine lubrication system;
  • Check work vacuum booster brakes;
  • Adjust the headlights (direction of light);

Mileage 50-60 thousand kilometers

  • Change coolant
  • Diagnose and service the generator
  • Replace brake fluid (Especially with ABS system)

Mileage 60 - 75 thousand kilometers

  • Change the oil in the manual transmission;
  • Replace the timing belt (together with the tensioner pulley);

With a further increase in the mileage or age of the car, most likely the car will need to be repaired. The above types of maintenance work are not done in order, but are performed regularly after passing the declared mileage or service life. For example, the engine oil is changed every 10,000 - 15,000 km. mileage, transmission oil v automatic box gear changes every 30,000 - 45,000 km., the timing belt changes every 60,000 - 75,000 km., mileage. All other work is also carried out based on the regularity measured by mileage or service life.

This material lists all the main work that should be periodically performed during maintenance based on the general regulations. Periods of work on those. service may vary up or down depending on the car brand and the manufacturer's recommendations. The list of work performed and the time of their implementation may vary depending on those. regulations specific car... Many maintenance work is performed by technicians who have the necessary skills and equipment.

Everyone knows that it is necessary to carry out maintenance (MOT) of the vehicle. Consider what is included in TO. Maintenance is a certain series of actions aimed at maintaining the good condition of the vehicle and at preventing damage and failures in operation. Maintenance is a preventive measure and is carried out in a planned manner. By type and frequency, the following maintenance is distinguished:

daily;

Seasonal.

Daily Maintenance (EO)

The main task of the EO is to secure the operation of transport by monitoring the state of its systems and components and to bring its appearance into conformity. Daily maintenance is carried out immediately before the start of operation or after the end of work. With daily maintenance, the following types of work are performed:

control examination;

Adjustment work;

Refueling with fuel, antifreeze, oil, checking for leaks of fuel, oil, brake, shock absorber and coolant;

Cleaning work;

Lubrication work;

Fastening work.

From the above, it becomes clear that the concept of "daily maintenance" speaks for itself. But what is TO-1 and TO-2?

Did you know? TO-1 and TO-2 of the vehicle are performed in accordance with technical documentation after a specified mileage or time interval, depending on the category of operating conditions.

Maintenance-1 (TO-1)

When carrying out the first TO-1, they perform all the actions performed during daily maintenance, as well as a set of additional measures, but do not remove and disassemble components and mechanisms. With TO-1, the following will be relevant:

broaching the most important connections;

Checking the condition of the steering gear, oil seals, wheels, brake pads, spark plugs, etc.;

Zero-load adjustment of the crankshaft speed;

Monitoring the condition of exhaust gases.

Important! TO-1 and TO-2 complement each other, not exclude each other. Therefore, you need to strictly follow the maintenance schedule.

During subsequent maintenance-1, check the battery operation, the condition of the muffler and suspension mountings, the tightness of the cooling system, cleaning the air and replacing oil filters, headlight adjustment.

Maintenance-2 (TO-2)

During the second maintenance, all types of work are performed as in the first, but in a larger volume and with partial dismantling of units and mechanisms. The purpose of TO-2 is to identify worn parts, adjustment failures and possible malfunctions.

Did you know? Regulations on maintenance and repair by manufacturers approved the frequency of maintenance-1 and maintenance-2 of cars domestic production... For the first category of operating conditions and a temperate climate, the period of TO-1, depending on the brand of the vehicle, is in the range from 4,000 to 10,000 km of run, TO-2 - from 12,000 to 24,000.

To identify these shortcomings, more experience is required than when carrying out TO-1, a special tool is required, and vehicle diagnostics using special equipment is also required. It might look like this:

Mileage: 10 000; 20 000; 30 000; 40 000; 50 000; 60 000; 70 000; 80 000.

TO type: TO-1; TO-2; TO-1 (extended); TO-2; TO-1; TO-2; TO-1 (extended); TO-2.

Important!The worse the operating conditions of the transport, the more often the maintenance is carried out.

Seasonal service (CO)

In connection with the transition from winter to summer and vice versa, seasonal service transport. At the same time, the cooling system is flushed, the oil and grease are changed corresponding to the next season, the fuel supply system is checked and flushed fuel tank, change of rubber. Before the start of the cold autumn-winter period, check the work preheater and heating systems. Seasonal maintenance can be combined with TO-2.

By diligently performing and adhering to the maintenance intervals, you will be assured of trouble-free operation and long term services of your transport.

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What is the difference between TO 1 and TO 2?

Here, as with human health - it is better to carry out prevention than to be treated later. The same is with the car - by regularly carrying out maintenance, you can avoid many problems. All, of course, will not work, but many malfunctions can be prevented at an early (read - less costly) stage. With a regular inspection of the car, nodes and parts with an early stage of defect will be visible in time.

During maintenance, such works are carried out as:

Lubricants

Adjusting

Control and diagnostic

Fasteners

Electrotechnical

In the same way THEN may be:

EO (daily maintenance)

TO-1 (maintenance-1)

TO-2 (maintenance-2)

CO (seasonal service)

Daily maintenance.

Quite a simple, but necessary duty of every self-respecting driver. It is not superfluous to carry out daily maintenance before each departure of the car. It's simple, check the following:

Serviceability of light signaling

Tire pressure

Engine oil level

Brake and coolant level

And although in modern cars for the driver, practically everything, these operations are carried out by the control unit before starting, and in the event of a malfunction of one of the nodes, it lights up the corresponding indication on the instrument panel, yet at least once a week it is worth conducting an independent, visual inspection of the car. Of course, do not forget that the car must be kept clean.

TO-1 is carried out approximately every 10,000 km the vehicle runs. More precise terms can be specified in the technical documentation for your car issued by the manufacturer. But still, we do not recommend delaying the timing of this MOT. And then, this is the rule for "moderate" vehicle operation. With constant overload, aggressive driving, operation in harsh weather conditions- it is better to shorten the interval for carrying out this maintenance, in view of the more accelerated wear of parts and mechanisms.

What is included in TO-1:

The entire list of work carried out during daily maintenance.

Checking the reliability of the fastenings of the steering, wheels, braking and other systems

Checking the tension of the alternator belt and other mounted units

Mandatory replacement oil and oil filter.

TO-2 is recommended to be carried out every 20,000 km of run, but at least once a year. TO-2 includes complete list works included in TO-1, in addition, a thorough diagnostics all units of the chassis of the car, steering, brake system. If necessary, the valve clearances can be adjusted if it is indicated in the service book by the manufacturer of your car.

Seasonal service.

It is not difficult to guess from the name that seasonal car maintenance is something other than preparing a car for a change of season.

If winters are sparing in the middle zone of our Motherland, then the above-mentioned service held together with TO-1 or TO-2. As a rule, seasonal examination does not cause much trouble. Such regions may include:

Change of tires to seasonal

Replacing the wiper fluid

Anti-corrosion treatment body (if necessary)

Residents of regions with severe winters are added (to the above list of works) engine oil change, since the usual "everything seasonal oil"in severe frosts it thickens strongly and makes it difficult for the engine to operate in such difficult conditions.

When to carry out maintenance?

Each maintenance should be carried out in accordance with its own regulations. It will not be superfluous to carry out daily maintenance before each departure from garage box, seasonal maintenance is carried out twice a year, and the terms of TO-1 and TO-2 will be indicated by the manufacturer.

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