Over the past twenty years, auto industry designers have created many new body types, for example, in the 90s there were half as many of them. Increasingly, we see bodies that combine the most best qualities several common types. After all, it is the type of vehicle body that most often determines its cost and dimensions.

To date, experts have about 15 types of car bodies. And not every motorist can boast of knowing their names, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of one or another variety. And when purchasing a car - whoever has the information will make a successful purchase. More on this later in the article.

The body is the main part of the car, something like a certain shape that allows you to move goods, people and so on in it. It is the shape of this integral part of the vehicle that determines its functionality, the number of passengers who can sit in the cabin, and so on.

Bodies in the automotive industry are classified according to the following parameters:

• Design.
• Appointment.
• Layout.
• The degree of loading.

According to the layout, there are three types of bodies:

• One-volume - the engine, cargo and passengers are located in the same spatial structure.
• Two-volume - power unit located under the hood, and the cargo and passengers are located in the cabin.
• Three-volume - passengers are located in the cabin, the power unit is located in engine compartment, and the cargo is in the luggage compartment.

Classification of bodies according to the degree of loading:

• Semi-supporting - perceives the loads that fall on the frame.
• Carrier - can take all loads.
• Unloaded - takes the weight of passengers and cargo.

Three-volume

The main characteristic of three-volume bodies is the protruding trunk and hood. It is as a result limited transformation they are the least versatile of the other types. The most popular in this group are convertibles, sedans, pickups and coupes.

body sedan

Sedan

Sedans are present in virtually all model lines most car manufacturers. They are common among motorists, as the classics always find their fans. Sedans are still the most prestigious cars. This type of body is equipped with four doors and two rows of seats, and is also equipped with a hard top, the level of which does not change along the entire length of the car. A special place among sedans is occupied by cars with an extended base, related to executive class. They are marked with the letter L.

coupe body

coupe

Such cars produce both four-door and two-door. The salon can be equipped with only one row of seats. Outwardly, such cars look like sports cars due to the sloping shape of the rear of the roof. Coupe doors are not like sedan doors, they are slightly larger. Of course, the coupe is elegant and prestigious, but because of the tightness it is difficult to call them comfortable.

convertible, brogue, roadster and targa

Cabriolet

The only difference between the coupe and the convertible is the latter's soft top. Usually it can be folded and lifted as needed. This type of body refers to open bodies. During roof folding side windows and the door frames remain motionless. There are also coupe-convertibles - cars with a hard metal roof that can be folded into the trunk.

Roadster

The roadster is equipped with a soft opening roof and one row of seats. Most common in southern countries.

Brougham

The main difference between the brogue body is the closed rear part of the roof for passengers and the open front part of the roof for the driver. To date, there are only a few such cars, but if desired, they can be made to order.

Targa

Targa - given type bodies are extremely rare on the roads. It only opens middle part roof, folded into the luggage compartment. As for the rear of the roof, it is completely covered with glass.

pickup truck

Pickup

Pickups include bodies that have an open cargo area. It is separated from the salon by a rigid partition. Pickup trucks are especially popular among New Zealanders, Australians and Americans. It is worth noting that they have excellent cross-country ability. Modern car manufacturers usually build pickup trucks based on SUVs.

auto limousine

Limousine

This body type can be an extended modification of a hatchback, sedan or SUV. The limousine differs from other types of bodies in the presence of a glass partition that separates the front seats from the rest of the cabin. They are produced with four doors and several rows of seats. Limousines belong to the highest class cars. They usually talk about high status oh the holder or apply in a special celebration.

Two-volume body

Two-volume body types are crossover, SUV, hatchback and station wagon. They are characterized roomy trunks, compact size and the absence of a protruding trunk. The latter is opened along with the glass by means of a lid, which is considered to be another door.

station wagon

station wagon

This body is characterized by the presence of two rows of seats, five or three doors, as well as a constant roof level. The station wagon differs from the hatchback in the angle of inclination and the length of the rear door glass. Often it is the manufacturers who decide how to position the released model.

The station wagon is able to turn from a passenger vehicle into a passenger-and-freight vehicle. To do this, you simply need to add rear seats. A car with a similar body is more expensive than a sedan. The station wagon was first produced by Ford in 1928.

hatchback body

hatchback

The rear door of this type of body is tilted along with the glass at a slight angle. Hatchbacks are the most common among Europeans. Nowadays, you can find a car of any class with a similar type of body. It is less bulky than a station wagon and more compact than a sedan. By folding the rear seats and dismantling the shelf that covers the trunk, you can get additional space for cargo.

liftback body

liftback

This type includes cars, the trunk lid of which is equipped with a small protrusion and opens along with the glass.

car suv

SUV

Such a body is equipped with six or five large doors, of which two or one are rear. The car has two or three rows of seats. In principle, this is a station wagon, characterized by the presence of all-wheel drive, high ground clearance and large dimensions.

car crossover

crossover

This type of closed body differs from an SUV in its compactness and height. ground clearance. Crossovers are becoming more and more popular with city dwellers, as they make it possible to move on our poor quality roads with minimal losses.

One volume body

Single volume bodies include compact vans, microvans and minivans.

auto minivan

Minivan

It is characterized by large dimensions and three rows of seats. Quite often they are equipped with sliding side doors. They are considered very common among American and European family men. First launched in the 80s.

microvan

Microvan

It is an enlarged copy of the hatchback. Characterized spacious interior, in which there is no third row of passenger seats.

compact van

compact van

It is something between a microvan and a minivan. In some cases, equipped with a third row of seats. They look more neat than minivans. They started making them in the 90s.

Now in the production of vehicles are made different types car bodies. This parameter largely determines the cost of the machine, as well as target audience its customers, operating conditions and physical capabilities.

Car body types

Therefore, from a design point of view, the body type is one of the most important nuances when designing.

Different types of bodies are differentiated depending on the layout, the level of loading of a particular part, or the structure itself. If we talk about the body of a passenger car, then it will most likely be passenger or cargo-passenger with a semi-frame or, in general, frameless layout.

According to the layout, the following types of cars are differentiated:

• One-volume. Here, the engine, and all the people who are inside, as well as the cargo transported in the car, are inside a single spatial system.
• Two-volume. Power devices are located separately (as a rule - under the hood), and all passengers, along with the driver and the goods transported in the car, are together.
• Three-volume. This type of body is characterized by the separation of power devices, as well as luggage compartment- they are in different spatial systems, and all passengers are in their own.

Two-dimensional view of the car

According to the principle of load distribution inside the vehicle, all bodies are classified as follows:

• Carriers. They take on all the burden at once.
• Semi-bearing. They take only part of the load, and the frame takes care of the rest.
• Unloaded. They accept only the weight that is the total of all passengers and transported goods.

Today, each body type of a car or truck has its own unique name. However, not all of them are understood all over the world. For example, in certain states, certain types of car bodies have their own endemic names. The list below will focus on the most popular types of car or truck body.

Sedan

Bodies of this type are a system with a three-volume layout. They all imply the presence of 4 doors and 2 rows of seats. In this case, the height of the roof should not change along its entire length.

It should be noted that cars with a body type sedan on this moment are the most popular model in the world. Therefore, they have many subtypes and subspecies from various automakers. The sedan also has alternative names in some states. For example, in the British Isles it is called "saloon", in Italy - "Berlina", and in France - simply "Berlin". Attention deserves the fact that some cars with a sedan body type have an extended base. Most often these are business category cars. You can also find the Latin letter L in their name. This is an abbreviation for the word Long.

Car body type - sedan

coupe

Such a body implies the presence of 2 or 4 seats located in 1 or in a pair of rows. At the same time, the rear seats are used quite rarely (this is the reason for their extremely small dimensions).

The layout of such cars is 3-volume, but the rear roof is quite sloping, which makes this type of body more sporty compared to the above-described sedan. In everyday life, such cars are often referred to as "two plus two" due to the rare use of the rear seats. There is also a special kind this body, which is called hardopkupe. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that there is no pillar between the front and rear side windows, and therefore, when they open, one large car window is formed. The name of the "Coupe" type is relevant in all countries of the world, with the exception of Italian-speaking countries - the name "Berlinetta" is used there.

Car body type - coupe

Limousine

Initially this type car body, like a limousine, was a closed model with a three-volume layout. Also classically limousines have several rows of seats (3, 4, 5 or more).

One of the notable features of this variety is the presence of a transparent or opaque partition that separates the driver from the rest of the cabin, where passengers are during the ride. It is also worth noting that a limousine can be both independent type car body, as well as a greatly elongated and modified version of such popular types as a sedan, SUV or hatchback. In most countries it is customary to call this model French word for limousine. However, the Portuguese prefer their own name - "Espada".

Car body view - limousine

hatchback

The main feature of a car body called a hatchback is the presence of 1 or 2 pairs of doors with one additional one. All hatchbacks have a two-volume layout and are equipped with one row of seats or a pair (in the first case, there are 3 doors, and in the second, 5).

The additional door is a modified cover luggage compartment, which, by the way, in some cases can be made in a curved shape and resemble the trunk lid of the most ordinary sedans (in the United States of America, such bodies are called "nightback"). Today, hatchback type cars are the most popular in Europe and are presented in categories −"Hey", "B", "C" and "D" of the standard European classification. It is not surprising, because the hatchback is incredible comfortable model car and perfect for family trips. It's a cross between station wagon and sedan body styles - more practical than a sedan and smaller than a station wagon. It is also worth noting that the body structure of hatchback vehicles can be easily converted and turned into its cargo-passenger version - for this you just need to remove the partition between the trunk and the rear seats and lay it on the floor of a car.

Car body type - hatchback

station wagon

Station wagons are quite similar to the hatchbacks described in the previous paragraph. They also have a two-volume layout, 2 rows of seats, and the number of doors is 3 or 5.

However, there are several nuances due to which they can be distinguished from hatchbacks. For example, comparable to vehicles sedan-type length, as well as a larger tailgate window angle. Nevertheless, in many cases, these parameters for station wagons of one brand do not differ from identical indicators for hatchbacks from another manufacturer. So in any case, the privilege to choose the body type of a particular model remains with the designer who developed this model. It is worth noting that the station wagon (like the hatchback) can also be turned into utility vehicle. To do this, you just need to fold the seats from the rear row.

Station wagons have different names depending on the location. For example, in the UK they are called "Estate Car", in France - "Brick", in Portugal - "Carinha", in Italy - "Giadinetta", in Germany - "Combi", and in Denmark - "Stationcar". A version of this model common in the United States, in which the rear seats are dismantled and there are no rear side windows, is called the "Delivery Sedan". Among automakers, it is also quite fashionable to call station wagons by their proper names. For example, the station wagons of the following brands are called so:

• "Audi" - "Avant";
• BMW - "Touring";
• "Opel" - "Caravan";
• "Peugeot" - "SV";
• "Rover" - "Tourer";
• "Siat" - "Vario";
• "Skoda" - "Combi";
• "Volkswagen" - "Option".

"Audi" - "Avant"

Cabriolet

Convertible (bagtop) is a 3-volume body model with a folding roof (solid or fabric). At the same time, convertibles with a removable roof are given name- hardtop.

In addition, there is a separate type of convertible called a roadster. It is a shortened version of the convertible model with 1 row of seats and a soft top. In Italy (unlike all other states), this sports version of the convertible is called the Barchetta.

There are also two types of car bodies that are very similar in design to convertibles, namely: targa (a car with 1 or 2 rows of seats, in which part of the roof is dismantled), as well as brogues (a car with 2 rows of seats, in which the roof folds down just above driver's seat and those next to it).

Car body type - cabriolet

Minivan

A minivan (or as it is called in Europe - "People Carrier") is a special type of car body that has a one-volume layout and is designed to carry 6 (or even more) people. It is distinguished by a higher roof, as well as the presence of 3 or 4 rows of seats in the cabin, which accommodate passengers.

There is also a common type of minivan, which was developed on the basis of van-type bodies. She got her own name - "Minibus" and is intended to transport 10-16 (or even more) people. As a rule, all passengers enter the minibus through a side-opening door (especially in those models that are used as units public transport).

Car body type - minivan

Van

They do not have side windows at the rear, but there is a special transparent or opaque partition that separates the cab in which the driver sits and the compartment where the goods are located. The North American version of the van is called the Van. In fact, the same hatchbacks or station wagons, in which the rear seats were dismantled or folded, and there are no side windows near these seats, can be attributed to the category of cars with a “van” body type.

Car body type - van

Pickup

Pickups are cars with a 3-volume layout, in which instead of the trunk and passenger seats there is big platform for the transportation of goods (in the vast majority of cases - open). At the same time, the driver's cabin is separated from this platform by a partition.

As a rule, all pickup models that are assembled today were created on the basis of standard types of passenger cars or SUVs. Pickups distinguishes high permeability, big wheels and a decent height of the bottom above the ground. Largely due to these features, pickup trucks have gained great popularity in the United States of America, Australia and other countries, whose residents often have to move impressive loads in off-road or country roads. dirt roads.

Type of car body - pickup

SUV

Off-road vehicles (jeeps) are cars with a 2-volume layout with passenger type body. At the same time, inside an SUV, as a rule, there can be 3 or even 4 rows of seats, as well as 3 pairs of doors (less often - 5).

The main difference between an SUV and all other body types is large sizes and the ability to travel almost anywhere. All his systems are configured accordingly. Because off-road vehicles, as a rule, are purchased by those motorists who often have to drive through the wilderness, through forests, fields and swamps. In fact, an SUV is a station wagon equipped with off-road over rough terrain. Along with pickups and vans, the off-road passenger car has a fully unloaded body - most of the weight has to be taken by the frame of the car.

Car body type - SUV

crossover

Crossovers are a smaller version of SUVs.

In addition to their dimensions, they are distinguished by a redistributed load (in this case most of it falls on the body, and not on the frame of the car), as well as reduced ground clearance. Basically, all crossovers that are now produced by automakers are based on golf cars. In the people, crossover-type cars are often called SUVs.

Car body type - crossover

The car has long been considered not only as a means of transportation, at the present time it has become an integral part of civilization. That is why the types of car production have become so diverse, offering cars with all sorts of equipment designed to meet the most diverse needs of customers. In the modern car market, there is a huge variety of models that differ in body type, all varieties of which are unlikely to be able to name even the most advanced motorist.

The main purposes of the car body

In the field of mechanical engineering, over the past couple of decades, a large number of modifications of vehicle bodies have been developed and produced, among which, according to the most conservative estimates of experts, only types passenger cars There are more than 15 types of mobiles by body type. And here the question is brewing: why do we need so many body types? If you had to buy a car, then in the salon the consultant will ask for what purposes the transport is needed, do you have a large family, in what area do you plan to travel? In other words, it will reveal your needs, and people associated with vehicles actually have a lot of them. Thus the body modern car able to satisfy different requirements consumers: the capacity of the passenger compartment and trunk, the shape and height of the car, individual functional features.

Modern and their classification

The mass automotive industry dates back to the 20th century. The first models were more like an open wagon, which was not driven by horses, but by an internal combustion engine.

With the growing demand for self-propelled vehicles, the production technology was being finalized, the manufacturers had the goal of producing types of vehicles that could not only transport people, but also provide protection and comfort to passengers. This is how closed bodies appeared, inside which people were protected from negative influences. weather conditions(rain, snow, wind, sun, cold).

At the present stage, the classification of bodies is carried out depending on many criteria:

1. Purpose (bodies of passenger, cargo-passenger and passenger cars).
2. According to the degree of workload.
3. By layout.
4. By design features(open, closed bodies).

Body types by layout

This classification criterion divides the bodies according to the number of visually visible volumes (parts) of the car silhouette:

1. One-volume bodies suggest the location of passengers, engine and possible cargo in one visually integral part.
2. In two-volume bodies, the engine is located in one part of the structure (under the hood), and passengers and cargo are in the other (cabin)
3. The three-volume body consists of a hood, under which there is an internal combustion engine, a passenger compartment, and a separate compartment for luggage (trunk).

Bodies according to the degree of load

Car bodies may be structurally different depending on the expected degree of load on them:

1. have many common ones (including VAZ). The exception is premium cars. Functional feature of this body type is that all weight loads belong to the body part.
2. The semi-supporting body is applicable for the production of buses in which the load is distributed between the body and the frame.
3. The unloaded body is mounted on the frame using special rubber pads. Such a body takes on the load only from the transported people and goods.

Types of cars with an open body

In the category of cars with open top includes several models, including not only the world-famous convertible, but also a roadster, brogue, targa, phaeton, spider and others. Let's describe the most common:

Category of passenger cars with a closed body type

The main types of cars by type of closed body are as follows:

Truck bodies

Global automakers produce not only passenger types cars, trucks by body type, there is also a huge variety today. Trucks differ primarily from cars in that the former have without fail a frame is provided, which takes on part of the load.

Car enthusiasts often speak in a language incomprehensible to an amateur. They have their own "troubles" and, as a rule, incomprehensible slang for many. And to be as if in another world among people, "excitedly" discussing the next automotive history or collectively problem solving someone's breakdown iron horse, cozy far away few.

Naturally, not everyone gets into the company of ardent car fans and not at every turn. But there are moments when people get lost in the seemingly very basics of automotive theory. We will conduct an educational program on one of these points.

So, you must have heard a lot about the fact that there are sedan, hatchback, station wagon, cabriolet cars ... maybe you can name a couple more, but not everyone is able to describe them all with confidence and accuracy. And even if I'm wrong here, then I'm still almost sure that you won't be able to name 10 car body types. By the way, this is not at all surprising, because in life many of them we may not even meet. But it's still worth knowing that they exist.

So let's look at what types of bodies cars exist today.

So, the classification of cars by body type.

1. Sedan.

One of the most popular types of closed body with two rows of seats. The trunk in such a car is structurally separated from passenger cabin and does not have an opening door in the rear wall. The sedan can be found with both four doors and two (Volga; Zhiguli 1,3,5,7th models; Zaporozhets; Volkswagen Polo, Jetta; Peugeot 406, 607, BMW 3, 5, 7 series; Audi 80, A4, A6; Opel Vectra, etc.).

2. Station wagon.

If the body cover of the sedan is extended to its rear bumper, while making the hatch in its rear part openable, then the sedan will just turn out to be a station wagon, which is most often chosen by those who need large trunk or a place for the transportation of certain goods.

The station wagon most often has 2 rows of seats (VAZ-2102,2104), but sometimes you can also find 3 (Volga GAZ-24). At the same time, a car with this type of body (Volkswagen Passat, Golf; Opel Astra, Vectra; Citroen Khantia, Fort Escort; Peugeot 307, etc.) will be 10 percent more expensive than its sedan counterpart.

3. Van.

Outwardly, this body may resemble a station wagon, but at the same time it will lack side doors and windows (Moskvich -412 "heeled"; Volkswagen Transporter, Grafter, Cady; Peugeot Boxer; Ford Transit Custom, etc.).

4. Hatchback.

A car with this body will be able to cope with the tasks of a station wagon for transporting luggage, but at the same time it will remain smaller and more attractive.

The hatchback (Toyota Yaris; Opel Astra; Peugeot 206; Kia Kid, etc.) has an open rear hatch and a short rear overhang. It can be both three-door (VAZ-2108) and five-door (VAZ-2109). In this case, the rear hatch is taken into account as a door.

5. Coupe.

Coupe - a closed car body with 2 doors and two rows of seats (Honda Civic, Ford Mustang, Audi A5, Fiat Coupe, etc.). At the same time, the front row has a normal appearance, and the rear row, due to the falling roof, is decently narrow and, in practice, uncomfortable for an adult. For this, the coupe is often referred to as "2 + 2", i.e. two adults and two children.

I note that in such a car it is very convenient to just go to work, but without fellow travelers. And for a family, of course, it will be more comfortable to buy a car with a sedan or station wagon body type.

6. Phaeton.

Body type with two rows of seats, as well as a soft folding top in the absence of side windows. For movement in bad weather, instead of the latter, celluloid sidewalls are fastened to the car.

With us, most likely, you will not be able to meet a similar car, but in the West at one time cars of this kind were very popular.

7. Roadster.

This type of car body is distinguished by one row of seats and a soft opening top. You can meet him (for example, Smart Roadster) only in a country with a hot climate.

8. Convertible.

It has open view: the soft roof of the car easily folds back, while the windows and door frames remain motionless. Unlike the phaeton, this type of body has a supporting structure due to rigid door frames.

Examples of convertibles: Pobeda, Opel Cascada, Audi A3, BMW 2 and 4 series, Ford Mustang, etc.

9. Limousine.

This type of body, as a rule, have cars upper class. It is characterized by:

• a rigid partition between the driver and passengers,
• at least two rows of seats;
• and long design.

Examples: "Seagull" ZIS-110, Mercedes-Benz W100, etc.

10. Pickup.

Body having a cropped back intended for the carriage of passengers and goods. This is something similar either to a small truck, or to a large passenger car.

Examples: Nissan Navara, Titan, Dodge Ram, Ford F-150, etc.

11. Minivan.

It can be described as a "wagon with increased capacity", which includes a maximum payload("Austin-mini", Volkswagen Multivan, Sharan, Caddy, Opel Meriva, Zafira, etc.).

The minivan has 3 rows of seats with a more upright position (than the same station wagon).

12. Crossover.

Body type, which includes in its characteristics a high seating position, high ground clearance and high ceiling. Such cars (Kia Sportage, Volkswagen Tiguan, BMW X5, Toyota Rav 4, etc.) usually have four-wheel drive, but they are not intended for difficult places. For this, the people call him "SUV".

13. Liftback.

The body type, which has a rear overhang, is about the same as a car with a sedan body type, but its rear hatch rises like a hatchback.

Examples: Volkswagen Golf, Toyota Yaris, Citroen C5, Fiat Stilo, Opel Astra, etc.

14. Fastback.

This is the so-called "mixture" of body types. The fastback has a sloping roof, a rear hatch similar to a hatchback, but without a door in the rear wall and with a fixed rear window.

Examples: Fort Mustang Fastback, Honda Civic Fastback, etc.

The classification of passenger cars by body type is based on overall dimensions and cannot claim to be unique. Despite the clear principles, confusion in the names exists.

The most obvious criterion for the classification of body types is the spatial composition, a combination of three volumes: the passenger compartment, engine and luggage compartment. The presence of a roof and a central pillar, the number of seats and doors are also important.

Types of body structures

Closed bodies are called bodies with a fixed roof. There are nine main types in this group.

	- three-volume passenger body with two or three rows of seats, two, four or six side doors.
	- two-volume or three-volume passenger body with two side doors and two rows of seats. back row may have tight fitting dimensions.
	- a two-volume or three-volume passenger body without a central side pillar, with two (hardtop coupe) or four (hardtop sedan) side doors and two rows of seats.
	- a two-volume passenger body with a roof smoothly descending back. Trunk lid starts from bottom edge rear window. Bodies of this type were common in the thirties of the last century. Currently, they are practically not used.
	COMBI(hatchback) - a two-volume cargo-passenger body with a roof smoothly descending back and a large back door. The rear row of seats and the shelf behind them, as a rule, can be folded, increasing the usable volume of the cargo compartment. A liftback can be seen as a kind of hatchback, which differs in the shape of the rear end, made like a sedan, only much shorter.
	- a two-volume cargo-passenger body with a door in the rear wall of the body, having a permanent cargo space not separated from the passenger compartment by a stationary partition.
	- a three-volume passenger body with four to six side doors, having a partition behind the front row of seats. With a three-row interior layout, the second row of seats is either foldable or turned back in the direction of travel.
	- two-volume cargo-passenger body with one or two rows of seats. Side doors - two or three. One of them is for access cargo compartment separated from the driver's seat by a stationary partition. In the back of the body is another door. The part of the body reserved for the cargo space may be higher than the cab.
	SINGLE-VOLUME(wagon) - a one-volume cargo-passenger body. As a rule, the center of the steering wheel is in front of the front axle of the car.
	- a passenger body without a roof with one row of seats and two side doors. In some designs, side doors may be absent. Windshield it is performed with a minimum height, folding or may not be installed at all.
	ROADSTER(spider) - a passenger double body with a folding cab top. There are options with two rows of seats (2 + 2) and a removable hard top.

Passenger cars without a roof, with a folding top or a removable hard top are called open. This group includes four types of bodies.

	- a passenger body with a folding top and lowering side windows. Modifications are possible: cabriolet limousine - with a partition behind the first row of seats, cabriolet - with a retractable pillar between the side windows.
	- passenger body with folding top and removable side windows.
	- a passenger body with a folding or removable part of the roof over the front row of seats. Has four or six side doors.

Cars with a partially folding or partially removable top are called combined. These include four body types.

	- a passenger body with a folding or removable part of the roof above back row seats. Reduced version with back seat for two is called landole.
	- a coupe-type passenger body with a folding or removable part of the roof over the first row of seats.
	PICKUP - a cargo-passenger body with a closed cabin for the driver and passengers and an open platform for cargo. The cabin can be single or double row. cargo platform has a folding tailgate, soft or hard top.

The above classification by body type is understandable and quite simple, but cannot be considered universal, if only because in other countries these types of bodies may have their own names.