Among all-wheel drive vehicles of the “European Seven”, the first place in Russia is occupied by MAN products. Basically this is, of course, construction equipment, dump trucks and tractors 6x6 and 8x8. Their main habitat is gas and oil development in Siberia. The history of their use in our country goes back more than forty years.

Why do 72% of all new European dump trucks, and almost half of 6x6 tractors, carry this particular brand? To understand, you need to plunge into history.

01 . The fact is that MAN has always been an active supplier military equipment. Back in 1937, he developed a standardized series of 2.5-ton 6x6 trucks Einheitsdiesel LKW(single diesel truck). They were equipped own engines 80 hp Almost 12,000 of these machines were assembled both at MAN itself and at the companies Borgward, Büssing-NAG, FAUN, Henschel, Krupp, Magirus, VOMAG.


Photo by Evgeny Bagdasarov

02 . With the onset of the Cold War, the importance of military equipment increased again. And in 1956, the company won the competition of the still young Bundeswehr for the supply of the main tactical truck. It became a hood biaxial MAN 630L. In addition to simplified external forms, it featured a multi-fuel engine, a 6-speed ZF gearbox and solid axles on leaf springs.

03. Almost 30,000 cars were built until 1972 different models and generations. Such trucks also found their way into our latitudes. This onboard MAN 630L2A after perestroika, he “registered” in Belarus as a gift. His body is not original, but rearranged from ZIL-130.

04 . MAN gained even more experience in designing all-terrain vehicles in the mid-1970s. Then he again won the competition, but this time to NATO, for the supply of a whole family of 4x4, 6x6 and 8x8 vehicles under the code CAT1. Cabover cars were distinguished by angular cabins and spring suspension with shock absorbers. The engine, at the customer's choice, was not native, but a 12.8-liter Deutz air cooling, transmission – hydromechanical “automatic”. As befits a serious off-road truck, MAN N had a two-stage transfer case with a built-in differential and planetary wheel drives.

05. The first generation alone was produced in quantities of almost 10,000 units, and their improved descendants in the third generation are still being produced.

06. A whole batch of these N4540 after being written off, it was sold, converted into tractors with a living compartment, and went to our Siberia.

It is not surprising that the technologies honed on military orders were useful to the concern in peaceful life. Since the early 1970s, export models, especially bonnet ones, have also been actively used four-wheel drive, almost unnecessary in Europe.

07 . Produced until 1987 MAN DHA was very popular in the Middle East, like this “nosy” one, filmed last year in the UAE.


Photo by Yaroslav Wortsekhovsky

The brand's interest in our country has been traced since approximately that time. The famous “contract of the century” played a big role in this - the supply of a huge batch of Magirus dump trucks for the construction of the BAM. Naturally, the unprecedented success of competitors spurred all German auto industry.

08. MAN did not stand aside either. An all-wheel drive dump truck was developed there specifically for Siberian fields. MAN 34.240 "Ermak". The machine with a lifting capacity of 20 tons was equipped... air diesel Deutz F10L (240 hp) - this was the condition of the Soviet side.

09 . The company prospectus clearly shows the ease of access to air engine « Ermak", as well as its features - high ground clearance(390 mm), steering rods retracted behind the front axle, simplified round headlights behind grilles. Of course, the car had reinforced “military” axles with differential locks and planetary gearboxes.

10 . Within a year, two at once " Ermak"(6x4 and 6x6) were tested in real Siberian conditions. The mileage of each during this time was about 120,000 km. Operators highly appreciated the quality of the car, but the matter never came to a purchase - for political reasons, supplies of competitors continued - the Czech Tatras, which are exactly visible in the picture.

11 . Victory awaited MAN ten years later - in 1994, two hundred dump trucks at once 36.330 DFAK generations F90 were purchased by Gazprom. Improvements were made to the design, already tested on Ermak, including frost-resistant wiring, stainless steel tubes instead of plastic. But the main difference was the installation of the same Deutz air blowers, this time 330-horsepower BF8. Because of him, the cabin was planted higher, and again head optics was round, simplified.

12 . Since then, all-wheel drive MANs have become increasingly common in Russia, mainly beyond the Urals. This is the main workhorse of the late 1990s, MAN F2000 "Evolution" models 41.410 . By that time, a standard specification for local conditions had been developed - 40 tons total weight, “native” diesel, manual transmission gears, middle cabin with one berth, leaf spring suspension, north package, tube tires, 15 cc bodies from different manufacturers.

13 . In parallel with the emergence of new generations, all-wheel drive models, who immediately acquired a dumping profession. In a generation TGA modification appeared for the first time on huge off-road tires Michelin 14.00/R20 XML.

Thus, the history of MAN all-wheel drive in our latitudes is richer and longer than perhaps many people imagine. At the same time, it is part of an even more impressive development history technical solutions, which have been carefully developed and evolved over decades.

The version of the mod for the Industry DLC is completely completed. Added downloads for new products. I added pictures at the end of the feed (you can see what was added from the visual uploads). In this version, trucks transport all cargo in the game (all cargo is fully animated). For those who use the mod for “New Industry”: sell all existing cars (Urals and UAZs), save the game, deactivate the mod in the game mod manager, exit the game, delete the old mod, install the mod “Truck_Ural375_Industry_DLC_1”, continue playing with the full range cargo. This will be our third link from the top.

The second link from the top is a simple version of the mod, but tailored for the PostMod mail mod. In my opinion, it is in the postal version that it is much more interesting than the postal branch in Industry. And by the way (the mod), it is fully compatible with the Industry. The only thing is that our mail trucks pack will not work with this mod... it requires a small edit. I have a pack of our postal equipment, the trucks in which are adapted for PostMod. I also have PostMod itself. I translated it thoroughly and corrected minor bugs. It works great, but to post it here, you need to ask the author for permission. If you are interested, we will move this issue forward.

All Urals model 4320 have been available in the game since 1977.

Simple version

Version for the PostMod mod

Version for Industry DLC

Stand-alone asset UAZ “Safari”

Note!!! The "DLC Industry" mod is not suitable for the " New industry"because in the "DLC Industry" there are much more cargoes than in the "New Industry", which means that if you install the "Ural for DLC Industry" mod with only the "New Industry" mod in your game, the game will crash, since the mod will request loads in the game that are not in it.

Installation:

there is no need to delete anything. Roll on top ( new version to the old one... if you update the mod and don’t install it again), we agree to replace the files, go to the garage to buy new cars. Third link from top.

Screenshots of version 1.4 update

Screenshots of version 1.5 update.

Ural 4320 (apparently the last one for this mod):

Update version 1.6

Errors and minor bugs have been fixed in all three versions of the mod. Two vehicles of the 4320 model were added to the industry DLC and the PostMod version: a flatbed with a tarpaulin postman, and tractor unit with a healthy tank. Only the tractor was added to the simple version. This time, before installation final version, you need to delete the old mod (having sold all the trucks and UAZs before that... so that the game save does not break).

Screenshots of version 1.6:

And one more thing: the UAZs that drive on the street instead of Trabants will now come in all sorts of different colors (in all versions of the mod).

Update version 1.7

In combination with a modern trailer from version 1.6, the same (modern) container semi-trailer was added, plus the files for these two modern trailers were adjusted in such a way that when turning corners the trailer began to go into them much smoother, and also the front the car's wheels began to turn quite adequately (without the fanaticism that the wheels almost turned across the road... on very sharp turns).

If you are upgrading from version 1.6, you do not need to delete anything. Just roll the new version onto the old one, agreeing to replace the files. If you are updating from an earlier version, you must first remove old version fashion, and only then install this one.

Screenshots of version 1.7

Popularity – normal condition. These powerful cars have always been and remain in demand, especially in those regions where it is better not to go by regular transport. It is pleasant to note that in Russian auto industry The production of such cars is well established. Those. At each of the factories that produce trucks (KAMAZ, GAZ, ZIL, Ural, etc.), they also produce all-wheel drive truck models.

Today, car enthusiasts honor large and “skillful” SUVs, but for those who are particularly interested in such vehicle characteristics as load capacity, cross-country ability, road aggressiveness, the description of Russian all-wheel drive trucks will be to their liking.

On modern market commercial automotive technology Trucks from foreign manufacturers are trying to dominate. However, it is trying quite successfully to compete with imported trucks. Proof of this is the brand maintaining its position as a leader in sales of these cars in Russia. Onboard four wheel drive vehicle KAMAZ (4x4) is one of the leading models in sales of equipment from the Kama Automobile Plant. This machine harmoniously combines advanced innovative design solutions with many years of technology experience in the global automotive industry.

But still, the most legendary all-wheel drive truck is the GAZ-66, which represents the family trucks off-road. Its main purpose is to use in heavy road conditions for confident off-road driving. Availability of self-locking differential rear axle and high ground clearance of the all-wheel drive GAZ-66 truck make it possible to quickly and unhinderedly overcome the most difficult sections of the route, absolutely regardless of environmental conditions.

We cannot ignore Turkish manufacturers, who have launched the production of good multifunctional light all-wheel drive SUV trucks. For example, the company Hisar Group, which previously produced components for buses and working equipment, today produces the Turkar SUV, which was originally developed for the needs of fire and rescue services, as well as for the army. Turcar belongs to the N1G category, 4x4, equipped with 116 horsepower turbo diesel engine F1A. Many European, American and Middle Eastern mining and oil companies are showing interest in this truck.


There are many on the market and Chinese trucks Howo who represent new branch development model range famous cargo vehicles association CNHTC Sinotruk. The CNHTC Sinotruk Howo cabin owes its comfort to the world famous company Volvo: Manufactured in China under license from this company. These trucks are distinguished from the standard version by an updated, recognizable design. Equipped with a WD615 series engine that meets Euro-2 and Euro-3 standards.

The car was developed by the Thomas B. Jeffery Company, a small Wisconsin company founded by Thomas Jeffery in 1902. This was Jeffery’s second plant - five years earlier he founded the Rambler brand. True, Thomas himself died in 1910, and at the time of the creation of the Quad model, the company was led by his son Charles.

Charles began developing an all-wheel drive truck in 1912 and produced the first small batch in 1913. The machine did not promise to be revolutionary, although it had at least one innovation that had not previously been used in automotive industry — rear wheels turned when the steering wheel moved, that is, all four wheels received not only drive, but also control. But then I struck World War. Although the United States entered relatively late, Charles saw gold mine from the first days of battles in Europe.

To France Jeffery Quad were delivered in the thousands - they became one of the most common trucks of World War I. First of all, this was due to the fact that the Quad turned out to be exceptionally passable with a high payload capacity; it could take on board 1.8 tons of cargo. Having seen the success of the truck in Europe, the American ones began to order Quad. armed forces- in particular, the Corps Marine Corps USA, and later personally by General John Pershing for a number of units. On the wave of success, the company developed a very successful armored car based on the truck. The first example, Jeffery Armored Car No.1, was personally driven by Pershing in the 1916 Mexican Expedition against Pancho Villa.

But chance intervened. On May 7, 1915, the German submarine U-20 successfully torpedoed the British passenger liner Lusitania. One of the passengers was Charles Jeffery. He survived, having escaped on one of the boats, but received severe psychological trauma and practically retired from the company. At the end of 1916, Jeffery decided that he would never have anything to do with the war - and sold the successful company to another automobile magnate - Charles Nash, who had just left GM and was organizing own business. The famous model was renamed Nash Quad.

The Quad was produced virtually unchanged until 1928 and was produced in 41,674 units. All this time it was equipped with a 29-horsepower Buda Engine Co. engine. volume 4.87 l. The car became the first in history serial model with four steered wheels and one of the most successful - with four drive wheels.

GAZ-63 - soviet truck with a 4x4 wheel arrangement, the history of which began in 1938. During all this time serial production More than 450 thousand copies were produced. The main feature at the end of the 30s of the twentieth century was the carrying capacity of the machine, which was 2 thousand kilograms.

History of creation

Design of the car began in 1938. The engineers assembled the first prototype a year later, after which they immediately sent it for numerous tests. There was no time to create a unique design. The specialists were faced with the task of creating a car capable of going off-road to any corner of the country. The cabin was taken from other GAZ cars, chassis developed from scratch. In the company's line, it became the first vehicle with all-wheel drive and single-pitch tires.

Along with the 63rd model, the development of a civilian truck, which received the index “51,” was underway. It was based on the military option, technical units unified by 80%. This reduced costs and reduced the load on production lines, since civilian and military trucks were assembled on the same conveyor belt.

Some technical components were unique; they became an innovative breakthrough of their time. The motor was placed above the front axle. Thanks to this, the size of the car was reduced and the load capacity was increased. The basis braking system installed a hydraulic drive.

Both versions passed all tests successfully. The plant management recommended that management soon launch mass production. This was prevented by the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War. The project began in 1943, which became a turning point in the war.

The problem was the scientific progress that occurred in 4 years. By this time, Soviet manufacturers had become acquainted with American vehicles, which were assembled at Gorky automobile plant. Engineers took some technical components from American products, and some were improved from existing models.

Design Features

Design solutions for the cabin were taken from foreign analogues. The hood became shorter, the fenders received an L-shape, and the headlights were protected from damage by a grille. At first glance, it was difficult to distinguish which was a Soviet development and which was an American one. Final version also received design changes. It was based on the GAZ-51 cabin - it was built into the wings lighting, their shape has become more rounded. Despite this, common features in appearance remained.

The first assembled GAZ-63 transport received cabins made of wood. In those years, the Union experienced a shortage of sheet metal. In 1950, the cabin became wood-metal (the doors were made of wood). It became all-metal in 1956, when the country's economy began to emerge from the post-war crisis. The interior design of the cabin corresponded to military purposes: few free space, the driver's seat is hard, heating system appeared 4 years after the start of mass production.

The body was intended for transporting various cargoes and soldiers. The boats had high wooden sides. Folding wooden benches were used for planting. The package included an awning, which was installed on a frame consisting of four metal arches. Maximum load capacity on asphalt roads - 2 tons; when traveling off-road, it dropped to one and a half tons. Adding versatility was the ability to transport trailers whose weight did not exceed 2 tons.

Technical characteristics of GAZ-63

Carburetor power point equipped with six cylinders. Fluid system cooling coped with the tasks assigned to it. The GAZ-63 engine is a mixture of GAZ-11 and Dodge D5. Developed until 70 Horse power, which was an acceptable indicator in those days. Maximum speed is 65 kilometers per hour, and the power reserve is 650 kilometers.

Maximum filling capacity is 195 liters. This volume contained the main and additional tanks. A-66 gasoline was used for refueling. Average consumption per 100 kilometers is 25-30 liters. A few years after the start of production, independent designers assembled diesel unit for a car.

The GAZ-63 manual gearbox had 4 speeds, the GAZ-63 transfer case had two speeds and a range. The clutch is made of a dry type and has one disc. At the core front axle laid ball joints equal angular velocities. Both axles were suspended by semi-elliptical leaf springs.

The characteristics of the GAZ-63 made it possible to use the chassis to create transport special purpose. The manufacturer installed military and civilian equipment for various purposes. The pearls were the mobile workshop and fire engine. The bulk of the issued copies went to government orders for military needs. Thermal and sound insulation are made using high level, communication equipment worked without interruption.

General technical characteristics:

• Total length - 5,525 meters;
• Total width - 2.2 meters;
• The total height of the cabin is 2.25 meters;
• Ground clearance - 27 centimeters;
• Weight - 3.2 tons;
• Loaded machine weight - 5.35 tons;
• Maximum speed - 65 km/h.

The issue ended in 1968. More than 450 thousand copies were produced, which went to the needs of not only Russia, but also countries Soviet Union. Exports to Asia, Africa and the Middle East were also established. Some GAZ-63 are in use today. Sometimes you can find offers for secondary market. Cars are offered in different quality. There are good ones. These are the specimens that have been preserved for many years. average price ranges from 20 to 150 thousand rubles.

Scope of application

An experimental batch for final testing was created in 1945, after which it received approval from I.V. Stalin and the entire party leadership. Mass production was established in 1948, two years after the civilian model. The car received high marks and good feedback from thousands of consumers across the country.

GAZ-63 is capable of overcoming various obstacles. Off-road conditions, ditches, water obstacles no more than 80 centimeters deep, loose snow and many others. Wide Application received for the delivery of goods, equipment and people to remote and inaccessible regions of the Union.

Military vehicles have gained demand among the civilian population. Application was not as widespread as in the army. Most often, small series were purchased for service Agriculture. Transport was overloaded, so it quickly became unusable and required frequent repairs. All-wheel drive was considered an undeniable advantage for rural areas, but many were not satisfied with the single slope. Based on customer feedback, the plant has developed modifications with dual-pitch tires for the rear axle wheels.

The car showed poor stability on the road. This was reflected in the narrow width of the wheels and the large ground clearance. It is not often that a structural failure causes a vehicle to overturn. Particular care when entering a turn was required from drivers who drove special-purpose vehicles. The problem of self-pulling was solved in the model with index “A”, which was equipped with a winch.

Modifications

Many models have been developed based on the standard version.

The truck with the index “A” was considered the most popular. He got a winch. The designers placed it behind the front buffer, located in the front of the frame. The winch worked due to cardan shaft from power take-off. The length of the cable is 65 meters, its carrying capacity was 4.5 thousand kilograms. A towing device appeared on the rear frame. The cabin and body structures have not been changed.

Other models

In addition to the GAZ-63A, there are other versions:

• “E” - received shielded electrical equipment;
• “AE” - combined the innovations of the two previous modifications;
• “U” - version was developed for export to other countries;
• “AU” - export model with a winch;
• “EU” - model for delivery to other countries with shielded electrical equipment;
• “Yu” - a car for use in tropical climates;
• "EYU" - similar previous model machine with shielded electrical equipment;
• “P” is a tractor unit with dual-pitch tires.

There are several more less common options, which are firefighting vehicles, tank trucks, etc.

Which one can be done?

GAZ-63 - legendary car with a rich history. It brought a lot of benefits not only to our country, but also to foreign countries to which it was exported. High quality The car is confirmed by the fact that some copies are in use today, almost 50 years after the completion of production.

If you have any questions, leave them in the comments below the article. We or our visitors will be happy to answer them