Purchasing the right engine oil for a particular car is fairly easy, given some of the vehicle's characteristics (e.g. mileage, total technical condition), the climate of the region in which it is operated, as well as the instructions of the manufacturer, since most often the engine is produced for any specific type of motor oil.

It is also worth considering the symbols related to some classification systems for motor oils, for example, SAE, API. The marking can be seen on any packaging with lubricating fluid - 0w, SL, A5 / B5. Each classification distinguishes types of lubricants based on their compliance with standards. So API divides oils based on what type of engine they are intended for - gasoline or diesel. Given the markings, you can choose the right engine oil.

General information about the ACEA classification

The combination of letters itself is an abbreviation of the French name of the European Association of Automotive Engineers. This organization is the European counterpart of the Society of Automotive Engineers in the US. Also, the classification itself is a European version of the API motor oil specification.

The acea classification is valid in the latest version, which was adopted in 2004. In this edition, lubricants for engines cars those running on gasoline and diesel were combined into one category. But due to the fact that some of the modern motor oils cannot be used in power units manufactured before 2004, most manufacturing companies label their lubricants according to the old 2002 edition.

Each company that advertises its oils and applies symbols related to this classification to packages must conduct product quality tests according to the requirements of EELQMS (this organization was created to establish the compliance of lubricants with this classification - it is she who conducts and registers such examinations).

Engine oil, its specifications and designations

Explanation of symbols

The 2004 edition subdivides engine lubricants into three classes:

• A|B is a category of lubricants intended for use in passenger car engines running on gasoline or diesel fuel. This class includes the previously existing categories A and B (the first - for engines on gasoline, the second - on diesel). Now there are four types of lubricants: A1 / B1, A3 / B3, A3 / B4, ACEA A5 / B5;
• C- new category, which combined lubricating fluids for both diesels and gasoline engines, which meet the requirements for environmental friendliness of exhaust. Lubricants in this category can be used in engines with particulate filters. By the way, it was the tightening of environmental requirements that influenced the revision of the old classification as amended in 2002. Now there are three types of oils: C1, C2, C3;
• E - a category that combines lubricating fluids for loaded heavy diesel engines trucks. The oldest category, existing since 1995. IN new edition minor changes were made - two types of motor oils were added: E6, E7. Also 2 obsolete ones were excluded.

Example: ACEA A5 / B5 - the letter indicates that the lubricant belongs to a particular class, and the number indicates the quality level.

Characteristics of the types of motor oils according to this classification

• A1 - oil with low level viscosity, at high temperature operation can reduce fuel consumption. Used only when recommended by the vehicle manufacturer;
• A2 - lubricant with medium operational characteristics. It is used in engines running on gasoline. The usual frequency of substance replacement;
• A3 - have excellent working properties. They are used as universal seasonal lubricants with low viscosity. Does not require frequent replacement substances;
• B1 - the oil has a low viscosity, at high temperature operation it can reduce fuel consumption. Used only when recommended by the vehicle manufacturer;
• B2 - mainly used in diesel engines with indirect injection;
• B3 - mainly used in diesel engines with indirect injection, does not require frequent replacement of the substance, has a low viscosity level, can be used as a universal all-weather lubricant;
• B4 - used in diesel engines with direct injection, if there is a manufacturer's recommendation;
• E1 - are used in diesel engines with and without supercharging with operation not above the average level;
• E2 - used in diesel engines with and without supercharging with a high level of operation;
• E3 - have excellent anti-burn and cleaning properties, protect against wear, do not require frequent changes;
• E4 - used in high-speed diesel engines with a very high level of operation. It has improved properties compared to the previous class.

This classification of motor oils imposes higher requirements on products than the classification API specifications.

The 2004 edition includes the following classes engine oil:

• A1 / B1 - used in passenger cars with gasoline or diesel engines, allowing the use of low viscosity lubricants that reduce friction. Used according to the manufacturer's recommendation;
• A3 / B3 - have a set of properties that help to reliably protect the engine from wear, corrosion and acidity. It is used in passenger cars running on gasoline or diesel;
• A3 / B4 - have the same properties as the previous class, but are intended for gasoline engines and diesel engines with direct injection;
• A5 / B5 - used in gasoline and diesel engines cars. A5 / B5 are used on the recommendation of the powertrain manufacturer. A5 / B5 has increased resistance to aging, therefore, it will not be necessary to change the lubricant often;
• C1 - used in gasoline and diesel engines equipped with filter systems. Used according to the manufacturer's recommendation;
• C2 - have the same properties as the previous class. They also help reduce fuel consumption and clean filtration systems;
• C3 - resistant to mechanical stress, have properties similar to the previous class, can increase the service life of filtration systems;
• E6 - used in diesel engines that meet the latest environmental requirements, which means they are used with fuel with a sulfur content of about 0.005%;
• E7 - used in diesel engines that meet the latest environmental requirements, resistant to mechanical stress, protect against wear, incompatible with particulate filters.

Amendments as amended in 2004

• Combining engine oils for engines running on gasoline and diesel into one group (ACEA A5 / B5);
• The emergence of a new class of lubricants - C - for engines with filtration systems (ACEA C3);
• Two new types of E greases have appeared and two have been retired (E6, E7 and E2, E4).

Comparison of this classification and specification of oils according to API

As mentioned above, the API is significantly inferior in the severity of engine oil certification. So, API classes correspond only to early editions of the classification of motor acea oils. For example, ACEA A3 -98 corresponds to SJ, but there is no longer an analogue of A3-02. B5 -01 corresponds to the CH-4 class, but B5 -02 does not have a similar oil according to API either.

Thus, we can say that the classification of oils according to the API specification imposes lower requirements on the quality of the product, which means that it significantly loses to this classification.

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What does ACEA - classification of oils mean? This abbreviation stands for the Association of European Automobile Manufacturers, which includes 15 companies with the largest volumes production. In 2008, she developed a special standard to classify motor oils. It is similar to normative and regulatory documentation (like GOST). The ACEA classification means that the oil meets the requirements of vehicle manufacturers for the quality and characteristics of fuels and lubricants.

The ACEA engine oil classification includes 3 classes. The basis for their division is the type of engine. So, a class 1 lubricant is intended for use in cars, vans and minibuses. Class 2 is focused on use in engines whose design includes an exhaust gas recovery catalyst. Finally, class 3 is suggested for use in heavily loaded diesel engines.

First grade

Each class consists of 4 types of oils, indicated by the corresponding alphanumeric character set. Class 1 includes 4 categories: A1 / B1, A3 / B3, A3 / B4 and A5 / B5 - and is focused on use in gasoline engines and diesel type installed in cars with a small load, as well as minibuses.

Type A1/B1 is distinguished by the maximum use time - mileage or the period after which it is necessary to change the oil. In addition, substances included in this category cannot boast high viscosity. As a result, due to their fluidity, such oils are not suitable for some engines. detailed information O compatible oils given in the technical documentation for the vehicle.

Type A3/B3 is intended for use in high performance engines. Also, this type of lubricant can be used all season. Car manufacturers may recommend it for use if extended drain intervals are required.

Type ACEA A3 is extended by subtype B4. It includes oils that are recommended for use in engines of a highly accelerated class, whose design includes a system direct injection fuel. Their specifications are compatible with type A3/B3.

Type A5/B5 includes lubricating fluid, which is used in high-powered engines and is designed to extend the period between replacements. However, materials in this category are low-viscosity. As a result, some engines are not designed to be lubricated with these products, as they require more "thick" substances. Again, information on compatible lubricants is given in the technical documentation for the car.

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Second class

Classification by level operational properties by ACEA.

For engines of a highly accelerated type, the design of which includes an exhaust gas recovery catalyst, the classification of engine oils according to ACEA allocates a separate section. The materials included in it are certified for use in vehicles running on gasoline and diesel fuel. All lubricants in this category are designed to extend the life of particulate filters(DPF) and 3-way catalysts (TWC).

Type C1 describes oils that contain a minimum of sulfur and phosphorus compounds (or these elements in free form), which allows for a minimum sulfate ash content. Such materials are described as Low SAPS. In addition, this type of lubricating fluid is characterized by low viscosity and is designed to reduce fuel consumption.

C2 oils have a moderate sulfur and phosphorus content, and the level sulfate ash content higher than the previous one despite being certified according to Low SAPS. This somewhat expands the scope. However, like other products in this category, they are not compatible with all engines.

Viscosity of motor oils at low temperatures.

Type C3 is similar in its parameters to C2, but the oils included in it have a slightly higher viscosity level.

Type C4 finally describes an engine lubricant similar to C1, which has a higher viscosity level (similar to C3). Materials are still certified as Low SAPS, the volumes of sulfur, phosphorus and sulphated ash are minimal.

It is worth considering that the ACEA classification in this section describes very highly specialized oils intended for use with a single design type of engine. This means that they can only be used in compatible vehicles. Information about suitable oil class C for the engine or not, can be obtained from the technical documentation for the vehicle, instructions for use or other materials provided by the manufacturer.

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Third class

It is worth mentioning separately that the developed ACEA classification oils provides for the conditional name of the sections. This means that products from class 3 have the same quality as those from class 1 and vice versa. The difference appears only in operating parameters oils and their specializations.

When choosing a new oil for a car, you need to be guided technical documentation To vehicle and manufacturer's instructions.

Oils of class 3, which are marked with the symbol E, are used in diesel engines subjected to high loads. They are not compatible with petrol or gas cars. In addition to their lubricating function, these materials have piston-cleaning properties. They are most often used in engines that have passed Euro-1 ... 5 certification (that is, any of the 5 generations). They also allow you to prolong the interval between fuel changes. Because of this, they are often recommended for use in any diesel engine operating in extreme conditions.

Type E4 includes oils that reduce wear on engine components. The additives contained in their composition, in turn, reduce the amount of soot formation. Therefore, they can be used in engines that are not equipped with the appropriate particulate filter, but including EGR and SCR in the design. In this case, the oil can reduce the content of various nitrogen oxides in the exhaust.

Class E6 oils are similar to materials from the previous type, however, they are intended for use in engines whose design still includes diesel particulate filters (DPF).

E7 have, among other things, polishing properties. They save inner surface piston cylinders smooth. They are used in engines whose design does not include diesel particulate filters. In this case, ERG and SCR may be present.

Motor oils, by definition, cannot meet a single standard. Various engines and types of gearboxes, operating conditions - all these factors make it necessary to produce technical fluids with different settings.

So that consumers (car factories and car owners) do not get confused about compatibility Supplies with aggregates, it was decided to create a system of quality standards.

Initially, oils were classified only by viscosity (SAE). Then a system was created API quality(American Petroleum Institute), which was used in North America.

Immediately after its introduction, the Association of European Engineers developed a similar ACEA oil classification for the European market. Both standards exist in parallel without conflicting with each other.

What does the standard say?

The ACEA engine oil classification was developed to lobby the interests of European automakers. In addition, the "support group" included several US concerns with branches in Europe.

Here is a partial list of the founders of the standard: BMW, Volkswagen AG, Porshe, Daimler, Land Rover, Jaguar, Fiat, PSA, Renault, Ford-Europe, GM-Europe, Crysler-Europe, Toyota, MAN, Volvo, SAAB-Scania, DAF. How is it decrypted (more precisely, what information does the standard contain)?

What to look for when buying engine oil - video consultation

If the SAE abbreviation speaks only of viscosity, then ACEA contains data on compatibility with specific engines. Moreover, the lists of compatible units are consistent with automobile concerns- participants of the certification program.

The ACEA classification contains minimum basic requirements for the quality of oils. That is, their observance (as opposed to selection according to SAE) guarantees trouble-free operation of the engine or gearbox. In addition, this classification provides information on the following parameters and properties:

• base base;
• a set of additional additives;
• chemical composition;
• physical properties;
• purpose (type of fuel, engine load, operating conditions of the unit).

Markings and their meanings

The ACEA engine oil classification can be printed on the packaging along with other standards such as API, ILSAC and GOST.

Important! From the point of view of the consumer, it is this certificate that guarantees high quality. The conditions for testing oils to obtain the ACEA specification are significantly higher compared to other standards. European requirements tougher than North American, Asian and Russian.

Despite the compactness of the classifier (for example, ACEA A1 / B1), the abbreviation contains quite a lot of information. During the existence of the standard (since 1996), the layout of symbols has changed several times.

The first certification options involved separate marking for gasoline and diesel engines (ACEA A or ACEA B). Since 2004, all oils submitted for approval are simultaneously tested for all types of fuel.

It makes no sense to memorize abbreviations with a mono tolerance, such consumables are no longer produced.

Modern oils certified immediately for all types of fuel are labeled with the class indicated through a fraction: for example, ACEA A1 / B1.

The main classification of oils according to the ACEA standard (including obsolete)

1. Class A - Compatibility with gasoline-only power plants is certified. The content of sulfur and sulphated ash is higher than modern standards environmental safety euro.
2. Class B - approval is suitable for heavy fuel engines. Diesel load class power unit: "Light Duty", that is, light and medium. The percentage of sulphated ash is reduced to modern standards, the sulfur content is quite high.
3. Class C - the standard is designed for a fairly large range of motors. Works with gasoline engines equipped with catalytic converter, as well as with diesel engines equipped with a particulate filter. Characterized by medium and low content of sulphated ash and sulfur, the oil meets high environmental safety requirements.
4. Class E - A fairly narrow standard designed for powerful diesel engines operating in difficult conditions"Heavy duty".

Detailed ACEA classification

After 2012, ACEA introduced many additional subclasses:

• For passenger cars equipped with diesel and petrol engines. Light to medium load is assumed. 4 ACEA engine oil categories: A3/B4, A1/B1, A3/B3, A5/B5;
• For commercial diesel technology And heavy trucks categories C1 to C4, the engine must comply with environmental regulations Euro 4;
• For engines running on any fuel, if there are cleaning systems in the design exhaust gases(catalyst, DPF) - 4 more categories: E4, E6, E7, E9.

The last digit indicates a consistent increase in the quality and compatibility class. If the power plant is prescribed to use ACEA oil A3/B3, then you can fill it with ACEA A5/B5. There is no backward compatibility.

Details about ACEA classes - video

The most popular categories with decoding:

• A1/B1 - Resistant to oil stratification, designed for extended drain intervals. Little friction loss. The main application is gasoline and diesel engines operating at low loads. The classifier is not universal - you should study the tolerances of the car manufacturer.
• A3 / B3 - Designed for gasoline engines with a high degree of forcing, including turbocharged ones. When operating with diesel fuel on the contrary, they are used on lightly loaded internal combustion engines. Universal weather operation, extended drain intervals.
• A3 / B4 - Development of the previous specification: it is allowed to work on turbocharged diesel engines with high forcing. They are backwards compatible with A3/B3.
• A5/B5 is a relatively new standard that incorporates the advantages (more precisely, the requirements) of the previous classifications. In addition to environmental tolerances, the oil belongs to the category of highly economical. In addition, the lubricant is practically not consumed "for waste". It is backwards compatible with previous classes. The only exception is the lack of compatibility with specific engines (indicated in the maintenance instructions).

Important! If there are several quality standards on the packaging with engine oil, it is better to focus on ACEA.

Lubricating oils have been used by man for 3.5 thousand years. Even the simplest machines need them. Before the appearance of oil and products of its processing, vegetable and animal fats were used. For example, when operating steam engines rapeseed oil was used. This material adheres well to metal surfaces and is not washed off with water and steam.

In 1859, oil refining products appeared, which served as the basis for the creation mineral oils. With the advent of polymeric viscosity modifiers, the transition from summer and winter to all-season compositions became possible.

Types of motor oils

The product is a composition of materials. It consists of two parts: a base oil and a set of additives. The latter provide a variety of product properties. Depending on the production method base oil it is divided into three types.

1. Mineral derived from oil (mineral).

2. Synthetic, obtained as a result of complex petrochemical synthesis. The marking of synthetic motor oil is fully synthetic. The highest quality and most expensive.

3. Semi-synthetic, manufactured on mineral basis with the addition of highly effective synthetic components (semi-synthetic). A reasonable compromise in the price / quality ratio.

Synthetic oils have several advantages over mineral oils.

Purpose

The main purpose of the lubricant is the formation of a thin and at the same time strong film on the surface of rubbing parts to prevent direct contact of their microroughnesses. Thus wear is minimized.

Purpose of motor oils: universal, for gasoline and diesel engines. Separate group - for two-stroke power plants. This is evidenced by the corresponding marking of motor oils: the value "diesel", "2T" or "2 tact". Its absence indicates a universal application.

Choice

How to choose Labeling contains many indicators, but the consumer is interested in two of them:

Quality level (whether it is suitable for a particular car);

Viscosity (whether suitable for a particular season and climate).

New, modern machines require a special approach.

The answers to two main questions are given by the marking of engine oil. Its decoding is in the generally accepted indexing system.

There are several of them. The three most commonly used are SAE, API and ACEA. Sometimes ILSAC is added to them.

SAE standard

The classification is based on viscosity characteristics. They are the main ones in this system.

The SAE (Association of Automotive Engineers of America) determines which viscosity range an engine oil falls into.

Labeling uses this indicator, measured in arbitrary units. The larger it is, the higher the viscosity.

The standard establishes three groups of oils: summer, winter and all-weather. The latter are the most commonly used.

From the title different types it becomes clear that this labeling, based on SAE standard, you can find out only one thing: is the oil suitable for use in a particular season in certain climatic conditions or not. Just this.

The standard establishes three groups of oils. They differ in seasonality.

1. 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W - winter oils. There are six of them. Parameter with index W (winter) - "winter". The smaller it is, the more effective the "cold" use. The minimum value is 0.

2. 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 year old oils. There are five of them. The unsigned parameter W is "summer". Indicates the retention of viscosity with increasing temperature. The higher this parameter, the more efficient the use of oil in the heat. The maximum value is 60.

3. 10W-50, etc. - all season. Their number is 23.

For example, marking 5W30 means that it is an all-weather application. It is recommended for use in the air temperature range from -30 to +20 degrees.

So, what kind of information characterizing engine oil, SAE marking gives the consumer?

This is information about temperature characteristics environments that provide the following:

1. Scroll crankshaft regular electric starter at cold start.

2. The mode of pumping oil through the engine lines. During a cold start, it must provide a pressure at which dry friction in the mates is excluded.

3. Reliable lubrication in the summer in conditions of continuous operation in a hard mode.

API classification

Developer - American Petroleum Institute. API allows you to choose the oil for the car, depending on the year of its manufacture. After all, the process of improving machines, which consists in the production of faster, lighter and more perfect engines, is continuous.

The classification is focused on cars made in America.

The letter marking of engine oil has been adopted. This is the decryption. S (Service) - gasoline, C (Commercial) - diesel. Performance is indicated by the second letter of the marking, in order from A and further - as the quality improves. For example, the SJ class was introduced quite recently. At the same time, he pressed SH. The SJ classification is assigned to expensive and quality oils on a synthetic basis. They are designed for the most modern machines.

The cheaper SHs are inferior to the SJs in some respects and are ideal for cars made in 1994-1989 and earlier. The SF class is focused on older low-speed and simple motors.

Universal engine oil: double marking, for example: SF / CC, CD / SF, etc. SF / CC - "rather gasoline", CD / SF - "rather diesel". An example is in the photo.

Due to the dynamic development of diesel engines, they are becoming more complex: turbocharged equipment, etc. Special solutions are required for such power plants. Therefore, leading manufacturers include diesel oils in their range. These compositions receive a special marking "Diesel".

Oils for gasoline power plants with an energy saving function are allocated in a separate group. They have additional designation EU (Energy Conservation).

Classification by the Association of European Automobile Manufacturers (ACEA)

It is characterized by more stringent requirements for the quality of oils. This is due to the fact that in Europe there are specific operating conditions for cars and slightly different engine designs.

The ACEA classification characterizes the operation of engine oil in high temperature conditions.

ACEA distinguishes four classes marked A, B, C, E. Designed for gasoline, diesel engines, as well as power plants equipped with converters.

Classification in a separate group highlights energy-saving oils. They have some special features. When using them, fuel economy is achieved by reducing the thickness of the oil film at high operating temperatures. Some, mostly Japanese, engines are designed specifically for such brands. Energy saving oils used only when recommended by the vehicle manufacturer. So, BMW and Mercedes-Benz advise not to use them at all on cars of these brands.

What does ACEA engine oil marking mean? Classes A and B are marked in the same way in terms of energy saving. What does it mean? Classes A1, A5, B1 and B5 are energy saving. The rest - standard oils. These are A2, A3, B2, B3 and B4. Energy saving oils are not used in older cars. They need more protection.

Double labeling, like A3/B4, is used to indicate universal oils(petrol or diesel).

A significant part of American and some European automakers recommend compositions corresponding to ACEA A3 / B4 for their cars, while Japanese concerns recommend ACEA A1 / B2 or A5 / B5.

ILSAC classification

The brainchild of two Automobile Manufacturers Associations - Japan and America. It has three classes of oils that provide energy saving and are intended for passenger cars. gasoline cars. Labeling: GF-1, GF-2 and GF-3.

These oils are optimally suited for cars from the Land of the Rising Sun. For Americans, those selected by ILSAC are equivalent to API.

API and ACEA classifications set performance indicators oils. Moreover, their values ​​​​are the minimum allowable. Despite the fact that manufacturers of oils and additives coordinate their requirements with car manufacturers, they are not always satisfied with the latter. Tests according to standard methods cannot fully take into account the features of the operation of new modern engines. Therefore, car manufacturers reserve the right to formulate their own specifications that put forward special requirements.

By testing oils on their engines, they either select them, guided by one of the generally accepted classifications, or develop their own standards, indicating the grades that are most suitable and allowed for use.

Specifications of automakers in without fail are indicated on the packaging next to the performance class marking. This requirement is strictly followed.

All over the world, a single marking of engine oil has been adopted. Deciphering it gives an unambiguous answer to the question about the scope of the product.

Let's look at an example. So, the marking of engine oil is 5W40.

This is a synthetic composition for all-weather operation at air temperatures from -30 to +35 degrees.

According to API classifications CJ-4, the oil is used for vehicles manufactured after 2006 and equipped with high-speed diesel engines that meet the 2007 emission standards. It is used when operating on fuel that contains no more than 0.05% sulfur. Effective for vehicles with and exhaust gas recirculation system. When operating on high-quality fuel containing no more than 0.0015% sulfur, it provides increased mileage before replacement.

Thus, the 5W40 engine oil marking indicated on the package contains sufficient information to determine its suitability for use on specific car models.

ACEA- an association created by the largest European manufacturers (Alfa Romeo, BMW, Citroen, Peugeot, Fiat, Renault, Volkswagen, Daimler Benz, British Leyland, Daf).
It was founded as a result of the merger of CCMC with ATIEL. The CCMC specifications, now superseded by ACEA, classify products as G for gasoline, PD for light and D for heavy duty diesel engines.
ACEA specifications have been developed to improve quality, performance and respect for the environment.
Acceptance of ACEA specifications implies:

• Commissioning of new innovative materials, in comparison with those used at the moment
• Analysis and certification of the quality levels of each formula used
• Manufacturers' commitment not to change approved formulas
• Certification of plants ISO 9001/2
• Manufacturers' agreement with the standards of ATIEL, the organization that, together with the CCMC, defined the methods and parameters of the ACEA certification framework

The tests required by the ACEA specifications are added to the formulated CCMCs and make them more stringent.

The following letters classify engine types:
[A] - gasoline engines
[B] - light diesel engines
[C] - engines with devices to reduce the amount of exhaust
[E] - heavy diesel engines
Numeric categories indicate various ways applications associated with a certain class of engines indicated by letters. Last update ACEA specifications took place in February 2002.
Choice Responsibility desired category ACEA lies with the engine manufacturer.
Oils belonging to a certain category may also meet the requirements of another, but in specific engines oil of a certain category and class must be poured.
The reference to the year is only for industrial purposes, giving information on the level and quality of the materials used. More recent revisions of the specifications mean that new tests have been carried out or new requirements have been introduced into the category. At the same time, editions remain backward compatible, new ones will always fully maintain the level of old ones, except when a new category is introduced.

Gasoline engines

A1 Oil for gasoline engines, with low viscosity, friction and high temperature. These oils are not suitable for use in some engines. For additional information must watch service book car. Oils that increase fuel economy are described.

A2 Canceled

A3 Stable oil for use in high performance engines with extended oil drain intervals, where manufacturers also recommend low viscosity oils with a wide temperature range

A4 Not used

A5 Stable oil with constant viscosity, for engines with extended oil change intervals that require oil with low viscosity and high application temperature. May not be suitable for some types of engines, for more information, see the car's service book.

Light diesel engines

B1 Oil for diesel engines of light vehicles that require oil of low viscosity and friction and high operating temperatures. This oil may not be suitable for some types of engines, for more information, see the car's service book.

B2 Canceled

B3 Stable oil for use in high performance diesel engines for light vehicles with extended oil change intervals, where manufacturers also recommend oils with low viscosity and a wide temperature range

B4 Follows B3 specifications but for direct injection engines

B5 Stable oil with constant viscosity, for diesel engines of light vehicles with extended lubrication intervals, which require oil with low viscosity and high application temperature. May not be suitable for some types of engines, for more information, see the car's service book.

Diesel engines with devices to reduce emissions

C1 A stable oil formulated for use in diesel engines equipped with particulate filters that also require a low viscosity, low ash content oil with an HTHS greater than 2.9. These oils extend the life of the particulate filter and support fuel economy. Attention. These oils support the lowest reduced ash requirements and may not be suitable for all engines, for more information, see the car's service book.

C2 A stable oil formulated for use in diesel engines equipped with particulate filters that also require a low ash oil with an HTHS greater than 2.9. These oils extend the life of the particulate filter and support fuel economy. Attention. These oils support the lowest reduced ash requirements and may not be suitable for all engines, for more information, see the car's service book.

C3 Stable oil formulated for use in diesel engines equipped with exhaust particulate filters. These oils extend the life of the particulate filter and support fuel economy. Attention. These oils support the lowest reduced ash requirements and may not be suitable for all engines, for more information, see the car's service book.

C4 A stable oil formulated for use in diesel engines equipped with particulate filters that also require a low ash oil with an HTHS greater than 3.5. These oils extend the life of the particulate filter and support fuel economy. Attention. These oils support the lowest reduced ash requirements and may not be suitable for all engines, for more information, see the car's service book.

Heavy diesel engines

E1 Outdated.

E2 Oil for general use in diesel engines, including supercharged, designed to operate in normal and extreme conditions, with normal oil change intervals.

E3 This category of lubricants provides effective care for cleaning pistons, reducing friction and deposits, as well as increasing lubricant stability. This category is also recommended for engines that meet EURO-I or EURO-II emission requirements under severe operating conditions. Also suitable for extended oil change intervals.

E4 Stable oils that provide effective care for cleaning pistons, reducing friction and deposits, as well as increasing lubrication stability. This category is also recommended for high performance engines meeting EURO-I, EURO-II and EURO-III emission requirements under severe operating conditions such as greatly extended oil change intervals.

E5 Stable oils that provide effective care for piston cleaning. It also provides control of friction and the amount of deposits on the supercharger. The level of carbon control and lubricant stability meets E3 specifications. Recommended for high power motors

E6 Stable oil providing excellent piston cleaning, carbon control and lubrication stability. Recommended for the highest performance EURO I-IV emission engines operating under the most severe conditions such as significantly extended oil change intervals according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Suitable for engines with exhaust gas recirculation system with or without particle filters, as well as for engines equipped with exhaust gas aftertreatment catalysts. E6 specifications are especially recommended for engines equipped with particulate filters and are designed for use in combination with diesel fuel with low content sulfur. Recommendations may vary depending on the engine, so if in doubt, refer to the service book.

E7 Stable oil providing excellent cleaning of pistons and polishing of cylinders. Provides wear reduction, carbon control and lubricant stability. Recommended for the highest performance EURO I-IV emission engines operating under the most severe conditions such as significantly extended oil change intervals according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Suitable for engines with exhaust gas recirculation system with or without particle filters, as well as for engines equipped with exhaust gas aftertreatment catalysts. Recommendations may vary depending on the engine, so if in doubt, refer to the service book.