In April 2017, the deputy head of the Ministry of Energy K. Molodtsov said that in Russia cars using gas motor fuel, there are about 150,000. There are prerequisites that by 2020 there will be more than 2 times more - about 370,000. Are there any peculiarities of taxation of gas-powered vehicles? What is the essence of the bill to abolish the transport tax on such vehicles? We will answer these questions in this article.

Features of taxation of cars running on gas

Gas vehicles are subject to transport tax on a common basis with diesel and gasoline vehicles, which is enshrined in Article 358 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. The constituent entities of the Russian Federation themselves establish regional rates and other features of the collection and payment of tax, the funds of which are at the disposal of local budgets. When determining regional rates and other aspects of local taxation of transport, federal base rates and provisions of federal tax legislation are taken as a basis. At the exit, the regional rate is significantly higher than the base rate.

Regional rates are set in accordance with the gradation of cars by engine power, the more in the engine Horse power, the higher the tax. The formula for calculating the tax rate for NGVs is universal and depends on three variables: the tax rate, the number of horsepower and the number of months of vehicle ownership in relation to a calendar year. If during the entire reporting tax period, which is 1 calendar year, the object was owned by one person, then the amount of tax is the product of the tax rate by the number of horsepower.

Transport tax abolition bill

Today, motorists whose vehicles run on gas pay transport tax, like everyone else. soon everything will remain in place, there is no need to hope for exemption from such a fee, despite the fact that a similar issue was raised at the highest level, but the government made a decision not in favor of car owners. The reason for this refusal was that the abolition of the tax would adversely affect the revenues to local budgets, which of course would require additional funding from the state budget.

At the same time, the reluctance of the authorities to make concessions by the car owner is associated with long-term attempts to transfer mass transport to gas fuel. Back in the early 2000s, this topic surfaced, since 2013 it has acquired a scale of national importance. It was in that year that the Government of the Russian Federation issued an order to develop a set of measures that would make it possible to expand the use of gas fuel. The regions did not support such an initiative, since there was a local budget deficit. But experts believe that the funds that the local authorities talk about are insignificant amounts that are not worth holding on to, because in the Russian Federation the number of gas-powered cars does not exceed 150,000, and the total number of cars is more than tens of millions. Simultaneously with the bill, a number of measures were proposed to popularize gas transport, which include:

• Development of infrastructure for such transport (increase in the number of gas stations, etc.);
• Entering preferences for owners gas cars or for owners who have installed gas equipment on their cars (exemption from tax, introduction of other taxes like environmental, etc.);
• Ensuring accessibility gas equipment... Today kit domestic production costs a couple of tens of thousands, and a foreign one does aim at 100,000 rubles.

These measures were taken for implementation and began to operate, but not at a very fast pace. So, in 2017 it was planned to build 112 filling stations, and by 2020, double the overall figures for the country. But whether this will be implemented is not yet clear. The fact remains that the number of existing CNG filling stations is not enough. For example, in one of the largest regions of gas fuel consumers - Stavropol Territory - there are only 13 such filling stations.

The State Duma will soon consider the draft law "On the use of alternative types of motor fuel." According to preliminary data, 50% discount on transport tax will be provided for owners of gas vehicles with the permission of the Ministry of Finance. The Russian Gas Society (RGO), which drew up the document, has already received disapproval from its main competitors - the oil industry.

"A specially created working group under the Russian Geographical Society has developed proposals to introduce a 50 percent payment of transport tax for firms and individuals using gas vehicles. The proposal requires amendments to the Tax Code, which means discussions with the Ministry of Finance," the vice president told RBC daily Russian Geographical Society Oleg Zhilin.

By 2011 in Russia, according to government forecasts,
about 50 thousand cars will run on gas, which
10 times less than the German authorities plan
and 20 times less than the figures given for the current year
the Japanese.

The document, according to the gasman, had been developed for several years, but oil companies, which benefit from the use of traditional fuel, no longer supported it. The bill "On the use of alternative types of motor fuel" is being prepared for the first reading in the State Duma. "Before the adoption of the basic law, talks about reducing the transport tax for gas vehicles at this stage are meaningless," Zhilin said.

Nevertheless, experts are confident that precisely defined economic mechanisms will be able to stimulate the transition of motorists to "gas" cars. It is noteworthy that, being an interested party, Gazprom is not actively lobbying for the issue of "gas" cars, since the company's fuel consumption is already at a sufficient level. According to the representatives of the corporation, "a large-scale transfer of motor vehicles to gas motor fuel is possible only on condition of full state and legal support."

One of the leading oil companies, LUKOIL, is also not opposed to stimulating the use of gas fuel. "We are very actively building filling complexes with propane-butane mixtures," the company representatives said to the publication.

According to Aleksey Belyakov, head of the analytical department at I2BF Venture Capital, the installation of gas equipment pays off in a year of intensive use, but it is not in great demand due to a drop in consumer characteristics. "A gas-powered car loses its power, it is difficult to start in frost, the equipment is heavy and takes up most of the trunk, and the gas supply infrastructure is undeveloped. Gas fuel is not sold everywhere even in Central Russia. The 50% tax exemption is most likely a cardinal situation. will not change, "the expert said.

Even those who, several years ago, did not even think about such a thing, are beginning to think about installing HBO. And if we take into account that pricing in our country depends solely on the greed of oil companies, but not on objective macroeconomic factors, the number of those wishing to switch to cheaper motor fuel will increase exponentially. But everything is not so simple here.

As soon as you start looking for the best way to implement your plans, a huge stream of information pours out on you. And not always true. Various forums also do not provide a clear answer. Some consider gas to be almost a universal evil that kills the engine, and in the event of an accident, also the owner of the car. Others, on the contrary, see it as an excellent tool that allows you to seriously reduce the cost of maintaining the machine We will not delve into this jungle, we will give only a few indisputable facts.

Pros. Gas is about half the price of gasoline. It is cleaner because it is more expensive to bodyage than to sell it as is. The power reserve of the car increases by an average of one and a half times, and the owner has an alternative - gas or petrol.

Minuses. Gas consumption is higher than gasoline consumption. Moreover, when installing HBO, the consumption of the latter also increases slightly. The engine loses about 10-15% of the rated power, which is also associated with the peculiarities of the installation.

Down with stereotypes

In this case, the gas really "kills" the engine. But this cannot be avoided. However, we are not talking about the engine as a whole, but about the valves and the block head. At the same time, the unit itself lives on gas much longer, since gas increases the oil resource. Here the valves are on fire, the head collapses. However, by the time the situation becomes critical (the mileage is 200,000-300,000), you will either sell the car or save money on fuel, which is more than enough not only for repairs, but also for replacement.

Now about the weight and reliability of the equipment. If we are not talking about a car originally prepared by the manufacturer for the installation of LPG, be prepared for the fact that the cylinders will gobble up space in the trunk. As for the mass, the following can be said. The times when a methane tank weighed under a hundred kilograms have sunk into oblivion. Today, containers with a specific gravity of 0.3 kilograms per liter can be found on sale, that is, an empty 25-liter cylinder weighs about 10 kg.

As for reliability, in in this case it all depends on the manufacturer, the frequency of maintenance, as well as the degree of curvature of the arms and the qualifications of the installers. As for the rest, the 4th generation HBO with electronic "brains" has been available to customers for a long time. That is, you don't even need a switch - the automatics will start the car on gasoline, it will switch to gas itself, and if it runs out - back to gasoline. In general, there is simply no objective reason to consider HBO unsafe.

13,000 rubles savings

And now let's calculate whether it is worth, in principle, to transfer the car to gas. The main argument given by the adherents of "gas driving" is the cheapness of the fuel itself. Here they are not lying. In Moscow, for example, the weighted average price of a liter of 92 is 31.3 rubles, and a liter of propane - about 16 rubles, methane - 15 rubles. Therefore, if we discard the price tag laid down for work, the cost of hundreds of kilometers traveled with a passport consumption of 7 liters will decrease more than significantly - from 220 to 130 rubles. This means that by running about 20,000 kilometers a year, you will save about 13,000 rubles.

Benefit not for everyone

However, these amounts alone do not mean anything. The cost of the propane system (including the installation) for Granta in Moscow is estimated at about 30,000 rubles. And this is not a ceiling, but not a lower one either. price segment- "business class" equipment from one of the industry leaders.

Methane, other things being equal, is more expensive by 7,000-10,000. In addition, in the latter case, you probably want to supply a lightweight metal-plastic (or even composite) cylinder, the price tag of which is calculated based on the volume - from 290 rubles / liter (metal - 220 rubles / liter). Thus, the entire project will cost at least 45,000. And now calculate how many years it will take you to recoup the cost of the installation. Less than four. In any case, if your mileage is equal to the already indicated 20,000 kilometers.

In other words, it makes sense to think about HBO only if the mileage is one and a half to two times higher than the indicated one, or you have a much more voracious car equipped with a V6 or V8 engine. But here, as they say, "God himself commanded." With an average consumption of 15-17 liters, the payback time is reduced to 1.5-2 years. In addition, with such working volumes and, as a consequence, capacities, one of the main disadvantages of switching to gas - the loss of power - turns out to be not so significant. Well, if you lose 25-30 "horses" - it will hardly affect the dynamics, however, the price tag for fuel will drop very seriously.

Tellingly, the project budget does not grow that much, on average, up to 50,000 rubles. There remains a problem with the space in the cargo hold, but it is quite solvable. Consider donut-shaped toroidal tanks that fit in the spare wheel well or under the bottom of your car.

In addition, in nature, there are vertical toroidal containers that can be attached to the sidewall cargo compartment... They, of course, eat up space, but at the same time they do not deprive the driver of the opportunity to at least partially transform the rear sofa and do not exclude the presence of a spare wheel. The difficulty is that all of this concerns systems for propane - associated petroleum gas. If you prefer a purer natural one, you don't even have to stutter about such variability.

"Dry" methane is better than "wet" propane

Propane is stored in a liquefied state, methane - in a gaseous state, and under a pressure of 200 atmospheres (propane - 5 atmospheres). Therefore, the containers here are exclusively cylindrical, massive and, as a rule, more expensive. Unless, of course, you want to carry an extra hundredweight in the trunk. This is not a problem for the commander, but in the case of by passenger cars this should be remembered.

However, u. First, it is the fastest renewable fuel on the planet. That is, its price tag does not directly depend on the volume of oil production and refining. Secondly, it is dry, that is, in principle, there is no condensate in it, from which car owners who have chosen oil gas need to get rid of it regularly. By and large, methane can become an intermediate link between gasoline and clean energy... Thirdly, unlike propane, methane is lighter than air, which significantly reduces the risk of explosion or fire even during an accident. That is, when it leaks, it does not concentrate in the lowest place, but forms a mobile cloud that is scattered by the wind. An explosive concentration is considered to be 5%, which is achieved in living conditions almost unrealistic.

However, this does not mean that he has no shortcomings. The most important thing is tough technical control: a system operating under a pressure of 200 atmospheres does not tolerate a devil-may-care attitude. The second factor is the price and size of the equipment. That is, it pays for itself much longer. The third is the number of gas stations. In Moscow and the Moscow region, for example, you can count them on one hand. On the contrary, in the southern regions, as a rule, there are no special problems with finding the required CNG filling station. In any case, if the question arose about installing HBO, it would not hurt to study the pricing and infrastructure in the region. Agree, it's stupid to save on fuel, losing money on a regular re-run.

No ready-made solutions

The best option in this case is not the additional equipment of the car, but the purchase of a finished one. Which, by the way, solves a lot of problems, starting with the layout of the system and ending with its performance. Some time ago, we had a VW Passat EcoFuel on the editorial test (more about this car), which impressed literally everyone.

It looked and drove like a regular Passat, but its gas tank was trimmed down to 15 liters. The vacated space was occupied by three 10-liter methane cylinders (21 kilograms), which fit exactly 6 cubic meters of gas. The power reserve is the same - 500-600 kilometers, and the price tag for refueling is three times lower than that of a gasoline analogue. But the Germans did not begin to supply such Passats to Russia. Moreover, not so long ago they refused to import the Caddy EcoFuel. The rest of the manufacturers did not even think about such adventures. In general, it remains for us to use the opportunities that are, that is, to put HBO.

Is it worth it?

So let's summarize. On machines with small engine displacement and relatively low consumption there is little point in the conversion. Even if the driver will keep within 30,000 rubles, the payback process will take 4-5 years. An exception is drivers that wind 40,000-50,000 kilometers a year. However, here the question of the resource of the machine itself becomes very relevant - in some two or three years, under such a load, it will turn into a "bucket". Plus initial power loss and derating internal combustion engine resource... Both that, and another in such a situation can be very significant.

Here's with enough powerful cars and SUVs, and even more so with a light commuter, more and more unambiguously. The benefits are clear. The owner may have to set aside a more serious budget for the refurbishment - 40,000-50,000 rubles, but the payback period will be approximately halved. However, average annual mileage here, too, you need to take into account: if it does not exceed the same 20,000 kilometers, the owner should think carefully and carefully calculate everything.

Cars that are officially considered commercial (the same "heels" or minibuses), it is easier to immediately convert to methane without hesitation, since they usually have large mileage, and there are an order of magnitude fewer problems with the placement of cylinders. In addition, here you can use the most budgetary containers, mount an additional raised floor or put them vertically. All this is possible and affordable. Of course, if there is a desire and appropriate opportunities.

/ Transport tax - 50% (for legal entities and individual entrepreneurs)

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Bonus program for club cards: pay with points

On the approval of the form of the Certificate of equipment
car for the use of gas engine fuel and the Procedure
registration of a certificate of vehicle equipment for
use of gas engine fuel

In order to implement the Law Nizhny Novgorod region of November 28, 2002 No. 71-З "On transport tax" in terms of granting for organizations and individual entrepreneurs privileges in paying transport tax in respect of vehicles equipped for the use of gas engine fuel, the Government of the Nizhny Novgorod Region decides:

1. Establish that the document confirming that the car is equipped for the use of NGV fuel, submitted by organizations and individual entrepreneurs to receive relief on the payment of transport tax in respect of vehicles equipped for the use of NGV fuel, is the Certificate of Vehicle Equipment for the Use of NGV fuel (hereinafter - Certificate).
2. Approve the attached form of the Certificate and the Procedure for issuing the Certificate.
3. The Department of Transport of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, together with the staff of the Governor and the Government of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, place the Certificate form on the website of the Government of the Nizhny Novgorod Region and on the website of the single Internet portal of state and municipal services of the Nizhny Novgorod Region.
4. Control over the implementation of this resolution shall be entrusted to the Deputy Governor, Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Nizhny Novgorod Region for housing and communal services and security environment A.V. Kryuchkova.

Governor V.P. Shantsev

FORM APPROVED
government decree
Nizhny Novgorod region
dated April 29, 2008 No. 168

Certificate
on vehicle equipment for the use of NGV fuel
____________________________ ______________ 20 ____
(city, village, workers' settlement) (date)

Name (full name) of the owner __________________________________________

The address ___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Vehicle model _____________________________________________

State registration plate ______________________________________

Vehicle registration data:

VIN number _____________________________ body (cab) number ____________

Chassis number _____________________________ engine number _______________

An enterprise, an individual who carried out the installation and adjustment gas equipment

__________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
(company name, full name natural person, address, telephone, fax)
The vehicle is equipped with gas equipment for operation on liquefied petroleum gas, compressed natural gas and has a complete set according to the acceptance certificate. Act No. ____________ dated ____________

Gas equipment is installed on the vehicle in accordance with the design and technological documentation of the manufacturer of gas equipment _________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(name of the manufacturer, address, telephone, fax)

Quantity gas cylinders ______ units, their numbers _______________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________ _____________ ____________________
(position of the head of the organization, (signature) (initials, surname)
individual entrepreneur)
M. P.

Traffic police body mark:
I confirm that the vehicle is equipped to use NGV fuel.

_________________________________ _____________ __________________
(position) (signature) (initials, surname)

APPROVED BY
government decree
Nizhny Novgorod region
dated April 29, 2008 No. 168

The procedure for issuing a certificate of vehicle equipment
for the use of NGV fuel
(hereinafter - order)

1. This procedure establishes the procedure for issuing a Certificate of Vehicle Equipment for the Use of NGV Fuel (hereinafter referred to as the Certificate) presented by organizations and individual entrepreneurs (hereinafter also referred to as the owner of the car) to receive transport tax relief for vehicles equipped to use NGV fuel.
2. The standard form of the Certificate is approved by the Government of the Nizhny Novgorod Region and is posted on the website of the Government of the Nizhny Novgorod Region and on the website of the single Internet portal of state and municipal services of the Nizhny Novgorod Region for use by the owners of vehicles equipped to use gas engine fuel.
3. The owner of a vehicle equipped for the use of NGV fuel independently fills out the Certificate form.
The reliability of the data entered in the Certificate is confirmed by the signature of the head of the organization or individual entrepreneur and certified by the seal of the organization or individual entrepreneur (if he has a seal).
4. An organization or an individual entrepreneur presents a car equipped for the use of gas engine fuel for inspection at the district traffic police department at the place of registration and presents a Certificate.
During the inspection, an employee of the district traffic police checks the installation of equipment on the car for using gas engine fuel.
Based on the results of the inspection, the head of the district traffic police department certifies the Certificate with a signature and seal.
5. The owner of the car submits a Certificate with the mark of the traffic police to the tax authority at the place of registration of the organization or individual entrepreneur.

How to install HBO on credit (interest-free installments): from the documents you only need a Russian passport! We work with 5 banks:

Gas-fueled motorists will pay the full transport tax - a tax that the government does not seem to be going to do with zero.

"The implementation of the bill will entail a reduction in the revenues of the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as road funds," the government said in its conclusion, RIA Novosti reports. Attempts to switch transport to gas fuel have been made for 30 years with varying degrees of success, reminds RG, executive director of the Russian Fuel Union Grigory Sergienko.

For the first time, the topic was raised in the middle of the "zero" years, and full support for the highest level she received in 2013. Then, by order of the government of the Russian Federation of May 13, 2013, it was instructed to develop a set of measures aimed at expanding the use of gas fuel.

“I think that the decision on this tax for gas-powered vehicles should be made at the regional level. additional income to the budget, "the expert emphasizes.

And he adds that about 100 thousand of tens of millions of cars run on this fuel in Russia, and the abolition of the tax is unlikely to make the "weather".

At the same time, the expert continues, it is worth proposing certain measures to popularize gas as a fuel for cars.

“You can think of benefits that make driving on gas profitable. petrol car... Some kind of environmental payments for gasoline engines, for example, to introduce, but for gas - not to introduce, this method is successfully working in Europe ", - sums up the expert.

In the meantime, there are several problems that hinder the ubiquity of gas cars. Firstly, the number of gas stations where you can pump propane or methane into your car is very small. Taking into account the fact that there are no official statistics on this score, various sources call the figure of 250-270 filling stations throughout the country.

For the sake of fairness, it should be said that we mean precisely the gas station, that is, the filling stations where gas is pumped into the cylinders, there are no gasoline "pistols" on them. At the same time, at many small gasoline filling stations, a tank has been standing somewhere on the side for a long time, where you can pump it into the cylinder of your car. natural gas... It is clear that there are still not enough refueling points and the tanks do not make the weather.

The second question is the price. The cost of a set of gas equipment, which is installed on a car, today fluctuates within fairly wide limits. If a domestic set costs several tens of thousands of rubles, then a foreign one is already about 50 thousand and more. Therefore, the fastest, of course, such equipment will pay off on route vehicles, and not by private vehicle.

In January, car manufacturers will raise prices by 3-5 percent.

And this will be just the beginning, predicts automotive expert Igor Morzharetto. The ruble fell by half against the dollar, he explained, and car prices grew by only a quarter. "Therefore, I am sure that the cost of new cars in 2016 will only grow," says the expert. Nevertheless, our market will be updated. New models will come to Russia, but a little later than to Europe. "