No matter how many horses are under the hood of a car, there are always not enough of them. Although the power of the injection motor ZMZ 406 according to technical passport is 145 liters. with., this is not enough for all car owners.

Today we will talk about increasing the power of the ZMZ 406 engine with an injector.

Cars on which a 406 engine is installed usually differ large mass, therefore, to ensure good dynamics, they need a suitable power unit.

What are the ways to increase the power of the ZMZ-406 injector?

The maximum boring of cylinders can only harm the power unit and reduce its resource.

In general, a complete overhaul of the engine and the installation of pistons with less weight and a lighter crankshaft is expensive pleasure. Of course the most the best option is the installation on the turbine motor.

Compared to other ways to increase power, the turbine does less harm to the power unit.

When using it on the ZMZ-406, it will be possible to increase engine power up to 200 hp. In addition, today we meet different kind turbochargers, which are easy to install and do not require special attention by car owners.

Mechanical pressurization ZMZ-406

Increasing the power of the ZMZ 406 engine with mechanical supercharging.

All types of compressors can be conditionally divided into 2 large groups: mechanically supercharged and turbocharged. Both of these types have their pros and cons, they also have their fans and opponents.

What type of compressor is best to use for the ZMZ-406 engine? And what is mechanical boost anyway?

The principle of operation of mechanical pressurization is quite simple. Its design resembles an oil pump. It consists of two axes on which gears with teeth in engagement are located.

By analogy with the ZMZ-406 oil pump, which creates pressure in the lubrication system, the compressor creates air pressure. The compressor is driven by the crankshaft of the motor.

Mechanical supercharging has several disadvantages. The most important is a significant reduction in efficiency due to the use crankshaft to drive the compressor, which leads to an increase in the load on the engine.

because of high pressure after the compressor, the likelihood of air leakage back increases. To prevent this from happening, a multi-stage air supply is used by several pumps installed one after the other. However, this leads to complexity and cost of the design.

Turbocharged ZMZ-406

Increasing the power of the ZMZ 406 engine with a turbocharged engine. Top performance for the ZMZ-406 injector shows turbocharging.

It does not have any belt drive from the crankshaft, and its design is much more reliable, cheaper and more unpretentious.

The principle of turbocharging is extremely simple: inside exhaust manifold there is an impeller driven exhaust gases, moreover, the number of revolutions of the turbine can exceed more than 200 thousand.

The turbine and air blower are located on the same axis together with the impeller, inside the exhaust manifold.

That is, the injection engine does not need to expend energy on compressor promotion, due to which its efficiency does not decrease, but, on the contrary, grows.

However, turbocharging also has several disadvantages, although they are not so significant.

• The first is the low efficiency low revs. This can be explained by the fact that at low speeds, less exhaust gases. The compressor starts to work at full power, when high revs power unit.
• The second minus that should be noted is the so-called "turbo lag" effect. Between pressing the gas and the beginning of the full operation of the compressor, a certain period of time passes, but designers are constantly striving to reduce this time by reducing the weight of the turbine components.

We talked about increasing the power of the ZMZ 406 engine with an injector, good luck on the road!

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Engine ZMZ-406

Engine ZMZ-406

In recent decades, as power plant on main products automotive giant GAZ is installed -406 engine manufactured by the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant. The design of this power unit has been worked out for several years. The foundation was laid at the end of the last century, it was then that the main concept of ZMZ 406 was formulated. Today it is a promising energy-saturated unit capable of developing power up to 150 hp. with. (110 kW).

During the first decade of the ZMZ 406 release, the carburetor engine was responsible for cooking working mixture. Now an injection modification of this motor is being produced.
The use of an injector facilitated starting, improved throttle response and reduced fuel consumption. What is the reason here?
From ICE theory it is known that the increase in the performance of the carburetor depends on the speed of the crankshaft. The increase in the consumption of the combustible mixture occurs as this indicator increases. hard pressing on the accelerator pedal leads to the fact that the relative content of gasoline vapors in the ZMZ 406 carburetor increases. The excess air ratio is slightly reduced, which leads to an increase in torque and an increase in the crankshaft speed.

The ZMZ 406 engine injector works a little differently. The microprocessor helps here, which clearly responds to the position of the control pedal. If it is necessary to increase the speed and lightly press the pedal, more fuel is injected into the cylinder. The time interval between the load and its correction in any injection engine is reduced several times. This increases the throttle response, improves the dynamics of the Gazelle or the Volga (depending on which car the ZMZ 406 injector is installed on).

ZMZ-406 engine specifications

Manufacturer	ZMZ
Release years	1997-2008
Brand	406
Type of	petrol
Supply system	injector / carburettor
Control block	MICAS
Configuration	4-cylinder in-line longitudinal internal combustion engine
Ignition	switching
Max power	100 HP 73.55 kW (90 hp) at 4500 rpm
Working volume	2.286 cm 3 (2.3 l.)
Max Torque	177/201 Nm, at 4200 rpm
Cylinder diameter	92 mm.
piston stroke	86 mm
Compression ratio	9,3
cylinders	4
The order of operation of the cylinders	1-3-4-2
Location of the first cylinder	TVE
valves	16
Cylinder head material	Aluminium alloy
Intake manifold	duralumin
An exhaust manifold	cast iron
camshaft	2 pcs. DOCH
Crankshaft	lightweight
Oil consumption	max 0.3 l. per 1000 km.
Viscosity type of oil	5W30, 5W40, 10W30, 10W40
Recommended Manufacturer	Liqui Moly, LukOil, Rosneft
recommended for the season	Synthetic in winter, semi-synthetic in summer
Engine oil volume	6.1 l.
Oil operating temperature	90o
Oil consumption per 1000 km.	up to 100 g
Environmental standards	Euro-3/Euro-0
Engine parts ZMZ-406
Adjustment of valves	gyro pushers
Cooling system	forced, antifreeze
water pump	with plastic impeller
Spark plug	A14DVR or A14DVR
spark plug gap	1.1 mm.
Valve train chain	70/90 with shoe or 72/92 with sprockets
Air filter	Nitto, Knecht, Fram, WIX, Hengst
Oil filter	with check valve
Flywheel	7 holes with 40mm offset. inner diameter
Flywheel mounting bolts	M12x1.25, length 26 mm.
Goetze valve stem seals	light-inlet, dark-outlet
idle speed	750-800 min -1
Tension forces of threaded connections
Candles	31-38 Nm
Flywheel	72-80 Nm
clutch bolt	19-30 Nm
bearing cap	98-108 Nm indigenous
bearing cap	67-74 Nm connecting rod
cylinder head	three stages 40 Nm, 127 - 142 Nm + 90 o
Coolant volume	10 l.
Cooling system	forced, antifreeze
ICE resource	150000-200000 km.
Unit weight	192 kg.

Developed ZMZ engine 406 to replace the 402 engine at the same time as designing the GAZ-3105 car for the government. However, these new Volgas were completed with them only in the last batch, which had to be urgently sold in connection with the removal of cars from production.

ICE ZMZ 406

The ZMZ 402 (equipment) and the H series engine were taken as the basis manufacturer SAAB (Constructive decisions). As a result, with the same volume of 2.3 liters, the power drive provided 177 Nm of torque instead of 210 Nm of the prototype and 100 hp. with. power instead of the expected 150 hp, like the Swedish internal combustion engine. The injection system, which was later replaced by a carburetor, was able to correct the situation a little - 201 Nm and 145 hp. s., respectively.

Carburetor version ZMZ 4061.10

First time in the engine manufacturer ZMZ several advanced technical solutions for that time were used:

• two intakes and two exhaust valves per cylinder;
• electronic ignition and injection systems;
• diagram of the DOCH gas distribution mechanism with two overhead camshafts;
• hydraulic pushers instead of adjustment thermal gap valve gaskets.

Valve lifters

After the changes made, the technical ZMZ characteristics 406 correspond to the values ​​given in the table:

Manufacturer	ZMZ
ICE brand	406
Years of production	1997 – 2008
Volume	2286 cm 3 (2.3 l)
Power	73.55 kW (100 HP)
Torque	177/201 Nm (at 4200 rpm)
Weight	192 kg
Compression ratio	9,3
Nutrition	injector/carburetor
motor type	in-line petrol
Ignition	switching
Number of cylinders	4
Location of the first cylinder	TVE
Number of valves per cylinder	4
Cylinder head material	aluminum alloy
Intake manifold	duralumin
An exhaust manifold	cast iron
camshaft	2 pcs. DOCH scheme
Block material	cast iron
Cylinder diameter	92 mm
Pistons	original
Crankshaft	lightweight
piston stroke	86 mm
Fuel	AI-92/A-76
Environmental standards	Euro-3/Euro-0
Fuel consumption	highway - 8.3 l / 100 km combined cycle 11.5 l/100 km city ​​- 13.5 l / 100 km
Oil consumption	maximum 0.3 l/1000 km
What kind of oil to pour into the engine by viscosity	5W30, 5W40, 10W30, 10W40
Which oil is best for the engine by manufacturer	Liqui Moly, LukOil, Rosneft
Oil for ZMZ 406 by composition	Synthetic in winter, semi-synthetic in summer
Engine oil volume	6.1 l
Operating temperature	90°
ICE resource	claimed 150,000 km real 200,000 km
Adjustment of valves	hydraulic pushers
Cooling system	forced, antifreeze
coolant volume	10 l
water pump	with plastic impeller
Candles for ZMZ 406	domestic A14DVRM or A14DVR
spark plug gap	1.1mm
Valve train chain	70/90 with shoe or 72/92 with sprockets
The order of operation of the cylinders	1-3-4-2
Air filter	Nitto, Knecht, Fram, WIX, Hengst
Oil filter	with check valve
Flywheel	7 offset holes, 40 mm inner diameter
Flywheel mounting bolts	M12x1.25 mm, length 26 mm
Valve stem seals	Goetze, bright inlets dark graduation
Compression	from 13 bar, difference in neighboring cylinders max. 1 bar
Turnover XX	750 - 800 min -1
Tightening torque for threaded connections	candle - 31 - 38 Nm flywheel - 72 - 80 Nm clutch bolt - 19 - 30 Nm bearing cap - 98 - 108 Nm (main) and 67 - 74 (connecting rod) cylinder head - three stages 40 Nm, 127 - 142 Nm + 90 °

The factory manual contains a more precise description of the parameters:

• ZMZ 4063.10 - carburetor, compression ratio 8 for operation on A-76 fuel, power 110 hp. s., torque 186 Nm, weight 185 kg;
• ZMZ 4061.10 - carburetor, compression ratio 8 for A-76 gasoline, power 100 hp. s., torque 177 Nm, weight 185 kg;
• ZMZ 4062.10 - injector, compression ratio 9.3 for AI-92 fuel, power 145 hp. s., torque 201 Nm, weight 187 kg.

ZMZ 4063.10
ZMZ 4062.10 injector

Officially, the ZMZ 406 engine became the third after 24D and 402 in the line of power drives of the Zavolzhsky plant. Got microprocessor ignition, DOCH gas distribution scheme with two-stage chain drive.

The developers still used an in-line engine layout with 4 cylinders, but there were two camshafts, they are located on top, inside the cylinder head. Degree ICE compression increased by plant designers to 9.3 V basic version 4062.10 due to the central location of the candle inside the combustion chamber.

The design of the gas distribution mechanism

Reliability is improved by cast iron block cylinders without liners, reducing the piston stroke to 86 mm and the weight of the entire group of SHPG. Connecting rods with bolts, crankshaft and piston rings Made from high quality materials, so overhaul less often required.

Timing chain tensioner

Chain tensioners are automatic, double acting - preloaded by a spring during hydraulic operation. The degree of oil purification is increased by installing a full-flow disposable filter. A separate V-belt drive is provided for attachments. ECU firmware corresponds to SOATE, ITELMA VS5.6, MIKAS 5.4 or 7.1 versions

List of engine modifications

Initially, the motor was designed with injection, so version 4062.10 is considered the base one. The need for carburetor modifications 4061.10 and 4063.10 arose later. They were installed on the Gazelle, therefore, while maintaining the volume of the combustion chambers, it was necessary to reduce the operating costs of the owner. To do this, the management of ZMZ lowered the compression ratio in order to transfer the engines to cheaper A-76 fuel.

Versions of the ZMZ 406 engine differ in combustion chambers

With motors 4061 and 4063, a reverse modernization was made:

• reduced power and torque;
• revolutions XX steel 750 min -1 instead of 800 min -1 ;
• maximum torque is reached at 3500 rpm, not at 4000.

Everything else mounted is located in the same places without changes. Some of the parts are interchangeable, with the exception of the cylinder head and piston.

Advantages and disadvantages

negative feature power drive ZMZ 406 is low quality casting and unsuccessful technical solutions:

• high oil consumption due to the unfinished design of the rings;
• low timing resource of the drive due to the tensioner, collapsible block star and bulky design in general.

Fuel consumption is high, but this is typical for most truck engines.

But vibrations are reduced, the cylinder head does not unscrew during operation, the gasket does not need to be constantly changed, and the nuts need to be tightened. The maintainability of all nodes is high, the design itself is reliable and simple. The user is relieved of the need to adjust the valve clearances every 20,000 runs.

intake manifold injector

List of car models in which it was installed

Because the motor ZMZ 406 has three versions, each of which was used on specific models of the GAZ auto manufacturer:

• ZMZ 4062.10 - GAZ 31054 of the Lux configuration; GAZ 3102 (1996 - 2008);
• ZMZ 4061.10 - GAZ 3302, 33023, 2705, 3221;
• ZMZ 4063.10 - GAZ 3302, 33023, 2705, 3221, 32213, 322132, 32214, SemAR 3234, Ruta, Bogdan and Dolphin.

GAZ Gazelle Farmer

In the first case, the engine characteristics were suitable for the urban executive cars of officials and the government. Carburetor modifications reduced the operating budget of Gazelle vans, utility cars and trucks.

Maintenance schedule ZMZ 406 2.3 l / 100 l. with.

According to the manufacturer's requirements, the ZMZ 406 engine is serviced in the following order:

• inspection of the timing chain after 30,000 runs, replacement after 100,000 km;
• oil and filter change after 10,000 km;
• coolant replacement approximately every two years or 30,000 mileage;
• recharging the battery every autumn, replacing after 50,000 km;
• spark plugs last for 60,000 runs;
• the fuel filter becomes unusable after 30,000 km, the air filter - 20,000 km;
• ignition coils fail after 50,000 runs.

Repair ZMZ 406

The manufacturer recommends using for engines quality lubricant so that the hydraulic lifters and oil pump work properly. Initially, the cooling system has weak spots- Radiator and thermostat. Everybody attachments high resource, with the exception of the pump, the polymer rotor of which lasts about 30,000 km. Due to the heavy weight of the motor with your own hands, it is very difficult to overhaul in a garage without a hoist.

Overview of faults and how to fix them

By virtue of design features the ZMZ 406 motor bends the valve only when the chain jumps. Moreover, they are damaged against each other (inlet and outlet while lifting), and not about the pistons. If the circuit breaks, this trouble will not happen.

Because the internal combustion engine device partially copied from the SAAB, and the design of the ZMZ 402 is partially preserved, it is characterized by malfunctions:

High RPM XX	1) sensor failure 2) there is no contact of the regulator XX 3) torn crankcase ventilation hoses	1) replacement of sensors 2) contact recovery 3) replacement of hoses
Cylinder failure	1) ECU malfunction 2) failure of the coil 3) breakdown of the tip of the candle 4) nozzle failure	1) replacement of the control unit 2)coil repair 3) tip replacement 4) repair / replacement of the nozzle
Unstable operation of the internal combustion engine	1) air suction 2) water in the fuel tank	1) restoration of tightness, replacement of gaskets 2) draining gasoline, drying the tank
Motor does not start	1) failure of the ignition system 2) fuel supply is broken	1) replacement of the coil, contact 2) replacement of the filter, pressure reducing valve, phase adjustment, replacement of the fuel pump

because of large diameter piston block and cylinder head are sensitive to overheating, so the level of working fluids should be monitored regularly (oils and antifreeze).

Motor tuning options

Initially, the ZMZ 406 engine allows you to increase power on your own up to 200 - 250 l. with. For this, mechanical tuning is used:

• installation of a zero resistance filter;
• decrease in air temperature in the intake tract;
• replacement of the standard K-16D carburetor with Solex (adjustment with quality / quantity screws is necessary).

Tuning ZMZ 406

For Gazelle minibuses and trucks, turbo tuning is ineffective, since the operational life of the DS decreases and fuel consumption increases sharply.

Thus, the injection modification ZMZ 4062.10 and the carburetor versions 4061.10, 4063.10 are developed on the basis of the Swedish engine of the H series for trucks and executive class auto. Tuning is allowed, primarily to increase torque.

The power unit of the ZMZ-406 family is a Gas engine internal combustion, which is issued by JSC "Zavolzhsky Motor Factory". Development began in 1992, and in mass production The motor arrived in 1997. It was the first to use a fuel injection system.

The ZMZ-406 engine had wide application and installed on cars Gorky plant 3110 and model range family "Gazelle").

The flagship of the family was the ZMZ-4062.10 engine with a volume of 2.28 liters and a capacity of 150 "horses".

The ZMZ-4062.10 power plant is designed to be equipped cars and minibuses. And motors ZMZ-4061.10 and ZMZ-4063.10 - for assembly trucks small load capacity.

Engine Description

Previously, the motor was designed for newfangled power and ignition systems, which were controlled by a microprocessor.

This engine was for the first time equipped with four valves per cylinder, with hydraulic lifters and two double chain-driven camshafts. An electronic fuel supply system was also installed and electronic ignition.

The four cylinders are in-line, water-cooled and controlled fuel injection. The order of the pistons: 1-3-4-2.

ZMZ-406 injector runs on A-92 gasoline. Previously, a carbureted version of the 4061 engine was produced, which ran on seventy-sixth gasoline. It had release restrictions.

The unit is unpretentious in service. It has a high degree of reliability. Later, on its basis, the ZMZ-405 and 409 installations were developed, as well as diesel variant motor marked ZMZ-514.

The disadvantages of the engine include the bulkiness of the drive, which is explained by its low quality of workmanship and a number of technological flaws.

Specifications ZMZ-406

The power unit was produced from 1997 to 2008. The crankcase is made of cast iron, it has an in-line position of the cylinders. The mass of the engine is 187 kilograms. Equipped carburetor system fuel supply or injector. The piston stroke is 86 millimeters and the cylinder diameter is 92 millimeters. At the same time, the worker is 2286 cubic centimeters and is capable of developing a power of 177 "horses" at 3500 rpm.

Carburetor motor

ZMZ-406 carburetor (402nd engine) has been produced since 1996 and has managed to establish itself as a simple and reliable unit. This device develops a power of 110 Horse power. The fuel consumption of a vehicle with this engine often depends on driving style and operating conditions. The power supply system of the carburetor unit is quite reliable. At timely service and normal operation, with the use of high-quality lubricant and gasoline, it can travel up to 500 thousand kilometers without serious damage. Of course, with the exception of the crankshaft bore, which is necessary for this unit every 250 thousand kilometers.

Ignition system

On ZMZ-406 engines, ignition is carried out by igniting the fuel mixture using microprocessor system. For all operating modes of the engine, the electronics sets the required ignition timing. It also performs the function of adjusting the working process of the forced idle economizer. Due to the operation of this system, the engine is distinguished by its high economic performance, the exhaust gas toxicity rate is monitored, the moment of detonation is excluded and the power of the power unit is increased. On average, a GAZelle car consumes about 8-10 liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers at medium loads. However, if you transfer it to propane or methane, the "appetite" of the car almost doubles.

Ignition diagnostic mode

When the car's ignition is turned on, the ZMZ-406 engine diagnostic system automatically comes into operation (the ZMZ-405 carburetor is no exception). The fact of correct operation of the electronics is signaled by a light sensor. It should go out when the engine is started.

In the event that the diode continues to glow, this indicates a malfunction of the elements and parts. electronic system ignition. In this case, the breakdown should be repaired immediately.

injection motor

By technical specifications and component parts of the engine with injection system power supply is not very different from the carburetor counterpart of the 405th model.

With proper operation, this unit is no less reliable and practical than with a carburetor, and in addition it has its own advantages:

• Stable idle.
• Low level of harmful emissions into the atmosphere.
• Coefficient useful action The ZMZ-406 injector has a much higher than analogue with a carburetor, since fuel mixture submitted on time and the right amount. Accordingly, fuel economy is evident.
• Improved fuel economy.
• Does not require prolonged warming up of the engine in winter.

The only disadvantage of the injection motor is the high cost of repair and maintenance of the system. Conduct diagnostic and repair work is not possible without special equipment and diagnostic stands. Therefore, implement self repair engine ZMZ-406 injector - a rather troublesome business. Often, in the event of breakdowns in the injection system, the motorist has to use the services of specialized service centers fuel equipment which can be expensive and take quite a long time. In order to encounter this problem as rarely as possible, it is necessary to produce and refuel the car in a timely manner. quality gasoline.

Block head

All engine modifications were equipped with one head, which met the requirements of "Euro 2". With an introduction additional requirements"Euro 3" it has been finalized and improved. It is not interchangeable with the previous model.

There are no idle system grooves in the new head, now their functions are assigned to the electronic controlled throttle. The front wall of the part is equipped with holes for attaching the protective cover of the chain, and on the left side there are ebbs for mounting the brackets of the intake system receiver. The part has pressed cast iron inserts and valve guides. The latter do not need periodic adjustment, since they are driven by cylindrical pushers with hydraulic compensators. The upgraded ZMZ-406 head has decreased in weight by 1.3 kilograms. Installing it on the engine, use a metal multilayer head gasket.

Cylinder block

By improving the ZMZ-406 engine, the engineers were able to modify the crankcase and modernize the casting process. So, it was possible to equip the block with ducts in the casting between the cylinders. Due to this, this element has become rigid, and the head is fastened due to deeper threaded holes and elongated bolts. In the lower part of the crankcase there are ebbs that form the crankshaft bearings together with the main bearing caps. The covers are cast iron and are attached to the block with bolts.

Camshaft

The ZMZ-406 camshaft is made by casting from cast iron, followed by processing and hardening. The shafts are driven by chain drive. The engine has two shafts, the cam profiles of which are of the same size.

The axial displacement of the cams is one millimeter in relation to the hydraulic pushers. This factor contributes to the rotation of the elements of hydraulic drives with the engine running, which significantly affects the wear of the working surface of the pusher and makes it uniform.

The chain drive of the shafts has hydraulic tensioners that are powered by oil pressure in the lubrication system. The parts act on the chain directly through plastic shoes that are attached to the axles. On ZMZ-406 engines, after modernization, to increase practicality and durability, they began to use sprockets instead of shoes. The latter are fixed on the rotary levers. The sprocket mounting axles are interchangeable with the shoe axles. Instead of an extension of the axis of the upper chain tension shoe, they began to use a spacer, which is fastened to the block with bolts.

The ZMZ-406 engine is equipped with drive chains camshafts. They cannot be replaced with chains that were installed on earlier versions of motors.

Pistons

They are cast from an aluminum alloy and have grooves for two compression rings and one oil scraper. During operation, the piston crown is cooled by oil through a grease fitting in the top end of the connecting rod.

The spherical working surface of the upper compression ring has a chromium coating layer, which contributes to a better grinding of the ring. The second element is covered with a layer of tin. Oil scraper ring - combined type, it consists of an expander and two steel discs. The piston is attached to the connecting rod by means of a pin fixed on two snap rings.

Crankshaft

Cast from cast iron with subsequent processing and hardening of the surface of the necks with currents high frequency. It is mounted in a block on five main bearings.

The movement of the crankshaft according to the axis is limited by the snap half rings, which are located in the flow grooves of the support and the cover of the third main bearing. There are eight counterweights on the shaft. A flywheel is attached to the rear of the shaft, in the hole of which a spacer sleeve is pressed and input shaft gearboxes.

Oil

The power plant ZMZ-406 is equipped with combined system lubricants. Under the action of pressure, the process of lubricating the piston pins, connecting rod and main bearings of the crankshaft takes place, the bearing points of the camshafts, the valve hydraulic drive are lubricated, intermediate shaft and oil pump driven gear. All other parts and elements of the motor are lubricated by spraying oil. Oil pump- gear type, has one section and is driven by intermediate shaft through helical gears. The lubrication system is equipped oil cooler and full-flow cleaning filter.

crankcase ventilation closed type, with forced exhaust gases. So we brought detailed description all components, assemblies and systems of the engine. The ZMZ-406 scheme is in the photo above.

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More modern model compared to the 402 engine. It already has 16 valves, also electronic ignition, hydraulic lifters and some other improvements.

According to experts, one of the best domestic auto industry. Cast iron cylinder block good quality. Crankshaft, well balanced, made of high-quality, properly heat-treated steel.

The design features of the 406 engine, namely the arrangement of two camshafts at the top, two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder, elevated degree compression (9.3) and something else allow you to increase the power torque, lower fuel consumption and reduce harmful emissions. A small disadvantage 406 engine are some problems with the timing mechanism. Having created a good engine in principle, the designers, however, did not pay attention to the pistons. They have an outdated design. The piston has thick rings, which entails a decrease in power and increased vibration.

Specifications 406 engine

Parameter name	ZMZ-4062	ZMZ-4061	ZMZ-4063	ZMZ-4052	ZMZ-409
Working volume, l	2,3			2,46	2,69
Cylinder diameter, mm	92			95,5
Piston stroke, mm	86				92
Compression ratio	9,1	8,0	9,5	9,3	9,0
Supply system	Injection	Carburetor		Injection
Rated power, kW (hp)	110,3 (150)	73,5 (100)	80,9 (110)	118,8 (152)	105 (142,8)
	5200	4500	4500	5200	4400
Max. torque, N*m (kgf*m)	206 (21)	181,5 (18,5)	191,3 (19,5)	210,0 (21,5)	230 (23,5)
Speed ​​at nom. power, min -1	5200	4500	4500	5200	4400
Speed ​​at max. torque, min -1	4000	3500	3500	4300	3900
Speed ​​at Idling, min -1 (min+-50 / max)	800 / 6000	750 / 6000		850 / 6000	850 / 5000
Minimum specific consumption fuel, g/kW*h (g/hp*h)	252 (185)	273 (200)	265 (195)
The order of operation of the cylinders	1-3-4-2
Oil consumption for waste, % of fuel consumption	0,3	0,4		0,3
Weight of the engine supplied by the factory, kg	187	185		187	190