eighth Toyota generation The E110 Corolla was introduced in May 1995. In 1997, the car went on sale in the Old World, and two years later it experienced the first update.

In 2001 Japanese company presented the ninth generation of its popular model, and in 2002 discontinued the "eighth Corolla".

Model Toyota Corolla the eighth generation belongs to the class of compact cars. It was available in sedan, station wagon and hatchback body styles (three or five doors).

The length of the Corolla ranged from 4270 to 4320 mm, depending on the bodywork, height - from 1385 to 1440 mm, width - 1690 mm, wheelbase - 2461 mm, ground clearance- from 140 to 150 mm. The curb weight was also not the same and depended on the type of engine, transmission and configuration, and it varied from 900 to 1230 kg.

Traditionally, the eighth generation Toyota Corolla was equipped with a wide range gasoline and diesel engines. The first line included units with a working volume of 1.3 to 1.6 liters, power from 85 to 165 horsepower, the second - engines of 2.0 - 2.2 liters, producing from 73 to 79 "horses". There were also many gearboxes: 4-, 5- or 6-speed “mechanics”, as well as 3- and 4-speed “automatic”. Both front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive modifications were offered.

The eighth generation Toyota Corolla was equipped with an independent spring suspension on the front and rear. Disc brakes were used on the front wheels, and drum brakes on the rear.

There are advantages and disadvantages to every car, and the eighth generation Toyota Corolla is no exception. The first can be attributed good assembly, excellent driving performance, comfortable and practical interior, inexpensive parts, good handling, confident behavior on the road, tenacious brakes and an affordable price.
To the second - a small ground clearance, not too good sound insulation, not a good design of the front end.

Exit to domestic market in 1995 and on the world car in 1997 coincided with the beginning of a severe crisis for the Japanese automaker, resulting in this modification received only a new design, which is well reflected in the photo, as well as the size and designation of the E110 body. Specifications and all the power units that the first modification of the Corolla 110 possessed came from previous generation, Toyota engineers only slightly upgraded them.

Technical data of the first modification of the eighth generation

The recession that the Japanese automaker has fallen into has not allowed the company to carry out a complete update. technical equipment Toyota Corolla of the VIII generation, limiting itself to only a slight modernization of proven and well-proven power units from the previous car model.

Ruler power units, which was equipped with the first modifications of the Toyota Corolla E110, consisted of three gasoline engines and one diesel engine, the manufacturer slightly changed their settings for a more economical fuel consumption, after which they received the following indicators:

• 1.3-liter inline four 4E - FE with 4 valves for each of the cylinders, the power of which was equal to 88 or 65 kW in horses, issued at 5600 crankshaft revolutions with a torque of 116 Nm at 4600 engine speeds;
• 1.5 liter inline engine 5A - FE with 4 valves for each of the cylinders, the power of which in horses was exactly 100 or 74 kW, issued at 5600 crankshaft revolutions with a torque of 137 Nm at an engine speed of 4400;
• 1.6-liter four in a row 4A - FE with 4 valves for each of the cylinders, the power of which in horses was equal to 115 or 85 kW, issued at 6000 engine speeds and a torque of 147 Nm at engine speeds of 4800;
• a 2-liter diesel engine of the 2C-III series, whose power was 73 horses or 54 kW at 4700 crankshaft revolutions, with a maximum torque of 129 Nm obtained at 2800 revolutions.

The working pair of each of the engines was either a manual box with five steps, or two versions of an automatic one, which has a three- and four-speed mode of operation. The suspension in the Toyota Corolla VIII generation in the 110th body was made according to standard system MacPherson struts in front and longitudinal and transverse levers in the rear, where exchange rate stability answered the transverse stabilizer.

In standard optional equipment this car had a drive to the front axle, and all-wheel drive modifications were available in trim levels with a 1.6-liter gasoline and diesel engines With automatic transmission. The configuration options themselves Toyota car Corolla VIII generation received letter designation: DX, LX, SE and XE having different quantity additional options inside the vehicle interior.

Exterior and weight and size dimensions of the E110 body

Releasing on Toyota market Corolla VIII generation, the manufacturer took into account specific features and different preferences of motorists in the American, Asian and European markets, resulting in various design front and rear of this vehicle.

The body of the Toyota Corolla type VIII E110 was placed on the platform of the previous car and was produced in sedan, hatchback with 3 or 5 doors and station wagon. The manufacturer has completely changed the design of parts appearance model 110 body, which was noticeably different from previous modifications of the E100 car, as a result of which the car received the following weight and size indicators:

• 4295 mm was Toyota length Corolla type VIII E110 sedan, 4270 mm - 5-door hatchback, 4100 mm - 3-door hatchback and 4320 was the length of the station wagon;
• 1690 mm reached the width of the Corolla 110, sedan, 3 and 5-door hatchback and station wagon;
• 1385 mm was Toyota height Corolla type VIII E110 in all body versions, except for the station wagon, which has a height of 1445 mm;
• 2465 mm was the size of the wheelbase in all body versions;
• 150 mm was the clearance of the car.

On European market the car was supplied with round head optics, and for American and Asian motorists, the shape of the optics took on the form of an elongated rectangle. In 1997, the Japanese automaker carried out a restyling of this model, which brought changes to the line of power units and interior design, which led to record sales. passenger car in the history of Toyota.

Description of the restyled version of the 1997 model year

One of the main differences between the restyled version of the Corolla was new engine under the designation 1ZZ-FE, which has an aluminum crankcase and working volumes of 1.3 and 1.6 liters, which were equipped exclusively with European versions of the car.

The updated line of engines for the European version of the car had one of the most best performance operational reliability, which was noted by numerous reviews of the 1997 Toyota Corolla from various experts, also noting high performance fuel economy.

In the interior of the car, the front row seats have changed, having received improved lateral support and a higher landing, so that visibility from the passenger compartment has become much better. There were no other significant changes in the updated car, the automaker did not improve the flawlessly working various systems and nodes in this modification.

Conclusion

Thanks to a competent approach to the launch of the eighth generation Toyota Corolla E 110 on the world market, the automaker managed to raise the already high consumer demand for the car, which was achieved by taking into account all the specific requirements of motorists from different countries using previously developed technologies.

Thanks to the round front optics, the eighth generation Toyota Corolla (body index E11) received the nickname "big-eyed" from our motorists. Not everyone liked this exterior element, so three years after the debut, the model was restyled - the main changes affected the dubious “big-eyed” headlight design. In the process of modernization, the appearance of the car was made more dynamic.

Versions produced before the upgrade were purebred "Japanese", while those released later may have English and even Turkish ancestry. However, in these countries only car assembly, and all components were supplied from Japan, therefore, according to the experts who advised us, the change in “citizenship” did not particularly affect the reliability of the car.

You don’t have to worry about the “red disease” either - thanks to special steel and galvanization Corolla body(E11) is well protected. The creators of this machine took care of increasing passive safety- in the power frame, crushable zones are provided, which evenly distribute and absorb the impact energy. In case of side collisions, passengers are protected by two reinforcing beams installed in each of the doors. In the 1998 EuroNCAP crash tests, the Corolla received three stars. At the time, this was a fairly good result.

"Gentleman's" set

Corolla (E11) was provided with four body options: 3-door hatchback, 5-door station wagon, 4-door sedan and 5-door liftback. Officially, it was the last two modifications that were most actively imported to us. About 500 of these cars were delivered specifically to the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, in particular, the State traffic inspectorate.

There are almost the same number of cars that came to us through official channels as those imported unofficially. As a rule, "honest" modifications are well equipped. Except central lock, power steering and driver's airbag, they also have air conditioning, an immobilizer, power windows and electrically adjustable exterior mirrors.

On the cars of the first years of production, due to the oxidation of the plug connectors of the electrical wiring, the power windows sometimes failed. The main remark to the car is a small distance from the pillow rear seat to the front seats. "Galerka" can easily be called a "mother-in-law's" place. In people of even average height, the knees almost rest against the back of the front seat. By the way, the predecessor was much more spacious in the back.

Trunks of all versions are small - less than many competitors. Even in a practical station wagon, the luggage compartment is only 310/665 liters. For comparison: the VW Golf IV Variant has 460/1470 liters, and the Renault Megane Break - 480/1600 l.

Reliability comes first

The cars were equipped with engines that had already passed the test of time on other Toyota models. Any serious problems does not occur with them, and with proper operation, according to the motorists of the branded service station, power units are able to go out before replacing the rings for about 250 - 400 thousand km (depending on the volume of the unit).

Most often in Ukraine there are Corolla equipped with gasoline engines with a volume of 1.3 liters and 1.6 liters, and among the post-styling versions - with engines of 1.4 liters (this unit replaced the 1.3-liter) and 1.6 liters. 1.3-liter 12-valve equipped carburetor system nutrition, and diesel versions are rare.

During the modernization, all gasoline engines were equipped with a proprietary phase change system. valve timing VVT-i. Thanks to her, the motors are distinguished by good efficiency. According to service workers, VVT-i is quite reliable - there are no problems with it during operation.

Attentive readers may be surprised that the 1.6 and 1.8 liter units have the same power. The fact is that the 1.6-liter unit, unlike the 1.8-liter, is highly boosted. This made it possible to equalize not only the power of the motors, but also the torque. As a rule, this unit was installed on all-wheel drive station wagons.

After a run of 100 thousand km, all engines need serious maintenance. At this time, it is necessary to change the timing belt (this period is set only for original parts), as well as check and adjust thermal gaps valves (work with a 1.3-liter engine will cost $ 35). You will have to pay extra for adjusting washers - one washer costs about $ 2 - $ 6. Application mechanical adjustment valve clearances on these engines is due to an increase in the reliability and durability of this mechanism. With a run of about 200 thousand km, crankshaft oil seals may leak.

Perk up your ears!

Most Corollas operated in Ukraine are front-wheel drive. All-wheel drive versions(4WD) were mainly intended for Japanese and American markets.

Torque from the engine to the wheels is transmitted by a 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic transmission. The former are equipped with up to 70% Corolla, the latter, respectively, about 30%.

When buying cars of the first years of production with “mechanics”, you should be more careful - as the service station employees told us, they already had to repair these units due to the failure of the primary and secondary shaft. The total cost of repairs at a branded service station can exceed $ 400, so when making a test drive before buying a car, you need to carefully listen to whether the checkpoint is buzzing? One of the main causes of this "disease" is untimely replacement oil, which must be updated every 50 thousand km. The hydraulic clutch usually does not create problems.

"Automatic", with proper operation, serves for a long time and does not cause any complaints. Its maintenance consists in checking the tightness and replacing the lubricant along with the filter and the gasket of the oil pan every 40 thousand kilometers.

It's not easy to kill

Corolla is equipped with independent front and rear suspension equipped with stabilizers roll stability. According to the owners of these cars and the service employees who advised us, the suspension has a very great resource. Most often (on average, after 40 thousand km), only the bushings of the anti-roll bars will have to be changed, and all other parts are practically “indestructible”. So, the stabilizer struts “nourish” about 80 - 100 thousand km, silent blocks of the front levers and rear link bushings - about 150 thousand km. True, replacing them with the original is not a cheap pleasure, since the “gum bands” are supplied with levers (at a branded service station, the part costs about $ 200) and rods (they wear out the fastest transverse rods, they cost $60-75). The rear bearing is sold together with the hub (about $100), while the “ball” bearings of the front levers are supplied separately. In addition, every 50 thousand km it is desirable to control the angles of the wheels, not only the front, but also the rear.

Steering rack type as standard equipped with hydraulic booster. This node in Corolla is more reliable than that of the older "brother" Avensis, and the tie rod ends last twice as long - 100 thousand km versus 50 - 60 thousand km.

Brake system Most vehicles are equipped with front disc brake mechanisms and rear drums. ABS is quite rare - in this case, disc mechanisms are used at the rear. As a rule, there are no problems with the brakes during operation.

Trusted friend

Looking for a small and modern car, which would not have to be repaired often? Toyota Corolla of this generation will be good choice in this situation and a reliable friend in subsequent operation. True, you should be prepared that the maintenance of this "Japanese woman" will be expensive, besides, she loses to some competitors in practicality.

Before and after....

Predecessor - Toyota Corolla (E10) was represented by a large number of modifications: in addition to the 3-door hatchback, 4-door sedan, 5-door liftback and station wagon, a 5-door hatchback was also produced. Ruler gasoline units was the same as that of the heiress, however, units with a volume of 1.5 liters (105 hp) and 1.6 liters (160 hp) were installed only on versions of Ceres intended for the domestic market. Range of modifications current, ninth generation Toyota Corolla(body index E12) has changed. The production of a 5-door liftback was abandoned in favor of a 5-door hatchback. Corolla Wagon 3-door hatchbacks, 4-door sedans and 5-door station wagons are still produced. In addition, for the first time in the history of the model, the Corolla Verso functional microvan joined the company of modifications. By the way, on Geneva Motor Show In 2001, the Japanese immediately introduced the entire lineup.

Opinion Sergey, 35 years old Operates the car for 1 year. Toyota Corolla 1.6 l 16V (110 hp), mileage - 97 thousand km, age - 5 years Friends advised me to buy this car, they say, it’s small - what you need for the city, and reliable, like all Toyotas. I have never regretted my choice - Corolla has not let me down yet. During the year of operation, only “consumables” had to be changed - filters, oils and pads. I do not drive very fast, and even in the urban driving cycle I manage to spend 6.5 - 7 liters of fuel per 100 km. The equipment is also good - four power windows, central locking, air conditioning and ABS. Sometimes relatives have to go to the country, and they complain that there is not enough space in the back and their knees rest against the backs of the front seats. Corolla is not too suitable for transporting goods - luggage compartment small. Although it suits me quite well - you can’t overload the car. I'm not going to sell it.

OPINION Nikolay, 38 years old Operates the car for 2 years. Toyota Corolla 1.3 l 16V (86 hp), mileage - 275 thousand km, age - 7 years This car has been in the park of the road patrol service of the Kyiv traffic police since 1998. It almost never stands idle - the crews work in three shifts, so sometimes you even wonder how the car can withstand such loads. Given that you have to travel a lot, most often mechanics repair the suspension. Although it lasts a very long time. The engine has only now begun to "eat" oil, and if its "appetite" continues to increase, it will have to be "capitalized". There is no rust on the body. Complaints are caused by the light upholstery, which quickly gets dirty, and the lack of space in the back seat.

Fiat Bravo/Brava/Marea 1995 – 2001

Each modification has its own name: the 3-door hatchback is called Bravo, the five-door is called Brava, the sedan is Marea and the station wagon is called Marea Weekend. Hatchbacks differ from the sedan/station wagon not only back, but also the hood, bumper and grille: in case body repair this makes it difficult to find the parts you need. body type 3- and 5-door hatchbacks, 4-door sedan, 5-door station wagon Engines 4- and 5-cyl. 7 petrol: from 1.2L 16V (82 HP) to 2.0L 20V Turbo (182 HP) and 3 turbo diesel: from 1.9L (75 HP) to 2, 4 l (131 hp) Cost in Ukraine, $ from 5.5 thousand to 9.5 thousand

VW Golf IV/Bora 1997 – 2004

The VW Golf IV/Bora family attracts with its practicality, comfortable interior, energy-intensive suspension and good handling. Although you will have to overpay for popularity - this “German” is more expensive than competitors. A curious feature - both Golf and Bora have a modification with a 5-door station wagon body. body type 3- and 5-door hatchback, 4-door sedan, 5-door station wagon, convertible Engines 4-, 5- and 6-cyl. 9 Petrol: 1.4L (75HP) to 2.8L 24V (204HP) and 2 Diesel: 1.9L (68HP) and 1.9L Turbo (116 HP) Cost in Ukraine, $ from 9.5 thousand to 18 thousand

Prices for new non-original spare parts, $

Front brake pads 40 Rear brake disc pads. 27 Air filter 16 Fuel filter 30 Oil filter 7 Front/rear bearings hubs 40/40 Shock absorber front/rear 80/120 Clutch kit 200 water pump 60 Radiator 400 Spherical bearing 45 steering rack 1100 Generator 400 Starter 250 camshaft 350 timing belt 20 Tension roller 35

Toyota Corolla (E11)

Total information body type hatchback sedan liftback station wagon doors/seats 3/5 4/5 5/5 Dimensions, L/W/H, mm 4100/1690/1390 4295/1690/1390 4270/1690/1390 4320/1690/1450 Base, mm 2465 Curb / full weight, kg 1040/1580 1075/1615 Trunk volume, l 280 390 370 310/665 Tank volume, l 50 Engines Petrol 4-cyl. carb.: distribution e.g.: 1.3 l 12V (75 HP) 1.3L 16V (86HP), 1.4L 16V (97HP), 1.6L 16V (110HP), 1.8L 16V (110HP) ) Diesel 4-cyl.: 1.9L (69PS), 2.0L (72PS), 2.0L Turbo (90PS) Transmission type of drive anterior or full checkpoint 5-st. mechan. or 4-st. machine. Chassis Brakes front/rear disc/drum and disk./disk. Suspension front/rear nezav. / nezav. Tires 165/70R14, 175/65R14, 185/65R15 Cost in Ukraine, $ from 8 thousand to 12.5 thousand

Julius Maksimchuk
Photo by Andrey Yatsulyak

Features of cars Toyota Corolla of the eighth generation (110 body)

Toyota Corolla cars in the back of the E110 were first introduced to the world in 1995. In 1999, this model underwent restyling, and in 2002 it was discontinued.

In connection with the restyling, as well as attempts by Toyota Corporation to make unique car for each of the markets, this model is different huge variety varieties of exterior, technical characteristics and configurations.

Toyota Corolla E110 presented compact cars in sedan, three and five-door hatchbacks and station wagons. The overall dimensions of these cars differ depending on the type of bodywork and are within the following limits: length varies from 4270 to 4320 mm; height - from 1385 to 1440 mm; width for all body types is 1690 mm; wheelbase - 2461 mm; ground clearance also fluctuates different configurations- 140-150 mm.

The curb weight indicator varies depending on the type of body, engine and transmission in the range of 900-1230 kg.

Exterior and interior eighth generation Corolla

This generation of the Corolla E110 family retained most of the external features of the previous model, the E100. This is especially noticeable in the photo of the first models with round headlights.

After the restyling carried out in 1999, the appearance of the representatives of this model range became more modern.

The interior equipment at the time of release was of a decent level, of course, on this moment it is outdated. Even basic equipment was equipped with power steering and power windows, which were considered an unprecedented luxury among domestic car owners.

The salon was not particularly comfortable and spacious: small seats, modest trim, dashboard most trim levels were without a tachometer.

The trunk volume is also small: the smallest for the hatchback and sedan is 280 liters, for the station wagon - 310 liters (665 liters with the rear seats folded down).

Specifications of the eighth generation Toyota Corolla

Toyota Corolla E110 was equipped with a large number of gasoline and diesel power units. Gasoline engines with working volumes of 1.3-1.6 liters had a capacity of 85-165 horses. Diesel plants, depending on the configuration, had a working volume of 2.0-2.2 liters and a power of 73-79 liters. With.

The choice of the buyer was also offered different types transmissions: 4-, 5- and 6-speed manual transmission; 3- and 4-speed automatic transmission.

Most of the trims were front-wheel drive, but there were also all-wheel drive representatives of the Corolla 110 model. The front suspension is represented by MacPherson struts, typical for all Toyota cars, and the rear suspension is independent, spring type.

Features of Toyota Corolla cars in the back of E110

The eighth generation Corollas are distinguished by a wide variety of configuration options and have a number of advantages and disadvantages.

The undoubted advantages of this generation include:

• excellent running performance;
• quality assembly;
• confident behavior on the road and good handling;
• reliable brakes;
• practical salon;
• the car body is covered with a layer of zinc, which significantly increased its durability and resistance to adverse conditions operation;
• inexpensive spare parts and maintenance;
• affordable car price.

Negative features of representatives of Toyota Corolla E110:

• low ground clearance, making it uncomfortable to travel on our roads;
• bad soundproofing.

Features of the car Toyota Corolla in the back of AE110

Simultaneously with the eighth generation Corollas, representatives of the latest (fourth) generation of the Toyota Corolla Levin (AE110) sports car lineup began to roll off the assembly lines. These cars used the E110 front-wheel drive platform, they were produced in a single body modification - a 2-door coupe.

Dimensional Toyota dimensions Corolla AE110 are as follows: length is 4305 mm and width is 1695; the height of the car reaches 1305 mm.

The photo shows that the exterior of this sports car characterized by streamlined forms.

The interior is also designed in sports style. Massive dashboard equipped with a wide central visor, ergonomically positioned center console, three-spoke steering wheel.

The front seats are comfortable, with lateral and lumbar support. Some configurations have headrests. back row seats did not differ in comfort: short pillows and an almost vertical arrangement of the backs.

The technical characteristics of the Toyota Corolla in the back of the AE110 are typical for sports cars of that time. The car was equipped with two types of gasoline engines:

1. 1.5-liter, with a capacity of 100 "horses";
2. 1.6-liter, with three power options - 110, 150 and 165 liters. With.

The choice of the buyer were presented two mechanical boxes(5- and 6-speed) and 4-speed automatic transmission.

Toyota Levin (AE110) was produced until 2002, and was highly appreciated by sports car enthusiasts.

No car in the world can compare with the "Toyota Corolla" in popularity. Since her debut in 1966 23.5 million pieces were produced - even the VW "Beetle" cannot boast of such a circulation. The European premiere of the VIII generation of this model, which replaces its predecessor 6 years ago, is timed to coincide with the Moscow Motor Show. However, we managed to bring the new face-to-face acquaintance a month earlier.

As a matter of fact, everyone could see the car, it was exhibited in front of the company center in Bitsa, however, with a sign “The sample is not for sale”. I specifically watched the visitors for 10 minutes - in my opinion, not a single one passed by. What is not surprising, how much the predecessor was outwardly boring, so “Corolla” - 97 is defiantly original.

The main design find and at the same time good luck is the “big-eyed” front end. Slightly flattened headlights are in perfect harmony with round colored (and not white, contrary to fashion) sidelights and a trapezoidal mesh radiator lining. The front perforated bumper-spoiler looks great, and rear lights with colorless oval “turn signals”. And thanks to the new side windows with a belt line rising slightly towards the tail and an elegant rims the sedan is also visible from the side. True, this perspective is not so expressive, but in comparison with its predecessor, positive changes are obvious. It is also gratifying that such a design seems to be provided exclusively for Europe - against the backdrop of a general passion for "world" cars, a stylistically different market strategy can only be welcomed. In general, I will take the liberty of asserting that the new Euro-”Corolla” is the most original outwardly mass-produced model of the company in its entire history. God forbid that designer "replies" about everyday cars are really a thing of the past.

The predecessor and inside was boringly “spineless”, primarily because of some kind of “no” torpedo - there is no other word for it. The tachometer was also missing. The new “Corolla” is also unlikely to become a role model, but the interior design already evokes positive emotions. First of all, thanks to the original console, divided into 3 blocks. Above, in an individual nest, there is a radio tape recorder, then there are deflectors climate system, and closes the series with a control panel with very convenient rotating handles and unusual semicircular keys for turning on the air conditioner. It turned out both functional and convenient, but the location of the retractable cup holders above the ashtray is not entirely successful - with manual transmission they can interfere with leverage.

The instrument panel with an equal size speedometer and tachometer (the latter has an outdoor thermometer display at the bottom) does not cause any complaints, like the traditional Japanese paddle shifters. In addition to the tachometer (it is not only in the simplest configuration, which is unlikely to be of interest to anyone in Russia) the car now has three-mode “wipers”, electric front windows, central locking and, most importantly, another mechanical adjustment of the seats - the pillow is adjusted in height. And also - steplessly, like longitudinal adjustment and backrest tilt. The shape of the front seats has not changed, and the rear sofa has become wider thanks to the new design of the doors. But an amazing thing: the impression remained (and not only for me) that there was less room for the knees, although the base was the same centimeter by centimeter. True, this was discovered with a completely shifted front seat, so perhaps the explanation lies simply in the increased travel of the longitudinal adjustment. But the fact that a separately folding seat back must be ordered is not clear. The lack of a hatch from the passenger compartment to the trunk is also depressing - it is no easier to carry skis on such a sedan than in a “penny”. By itself, the trunk with a very low loading area and always a clean wide lid handle is quite decent. But I would like to know who had the idea to fix the spare tire in the niche not with a clamp, but with a plastic nut screwed onto a long screw? Here there is a change for the sake of change, and such actions usually turn out to be not good, but harmful.

As for the mechanics, it was initially known that it had not changed much. Under the hood, the same transversely located 1.3-liter 16-valve “four” is not yet delivered to Russia with other Corolla engines, and we list them in the table only for comparison. There are pluses and minuses in such a marketing policy. On the one side, powerful motors- this, of course, is good, although for family, business or rental car the dynamics are decent enough. But good old carburetor motor with the well-known anti-quality of our fuel - that's what we need. Of course, it is better for specially trained people to delve into branded “offal”, but also a chance to revive the car in emergency neglect is wrong. Fortunately, getting to the main nodes is even easier than in the “nine” - the engine compartment is also designed for engines of a larger displacement, including a multi-valve 2.0-liter diesel engine.

Okay, enough idle talk, it's time to go. It's strange, but acceleration seems to be more fun than its predecessor, and this is with the same displacement and a decrease in weight by only a few kilograms. Let's see specifications... That's right, the dynamics are better, since the engine power has increased by 15 percent. It is not clear only due to what (even the dealers have not had time to figure it out yet), but in any case - here you old motor! there were no vibrations from it, and there isn’t, and not that obsessive, but clearly taking place noise is heard only in low gears and completely disappears in IVth.

Everything else is the same as before. To the best of hard, very informative pedals, especially the brake pedal is good, and the brakes themselves (front ventilated discs, with ABS), as before, are beyond criticism. It was lucky that the first downpour after the July inferno came - and on a wet highway, the Corolla behaves perfectly, does not wag and slows down confidently and predictably. Clarity of gear shifting is excellent, suspension (“Mac Pherson” in front, 2-lever rear) on long waves does not allow unpleasant buildup of the coupe, but what will happen on the potholes? Oh, and the car has become softer, not by much, but still. So tram rails and rustic bumps are better to force more carefully or install stiffer shock absorbers: with standard suspension breakdowns, it is hardly possible to avoid. The steering wheel has also become noticeably lighter, and maneuverability, perhaps, has not changed and there were no complaints about the turning radius of 4.8 m. However, parking and changing lanes with the new power steering is noticeably easier.

Despite unconditional positive changes, Toyota Corolla still costs about 17-18 thousand dollars. More expensive, of course, than the "ten" or even " Ford Escort”, but, perhaps, it is more prestigious than the latter. In addition, the car is very reliable and unpretentious - at the entrance to the Toyota Center Bitsa, I got into a conversation with the owner of the previous Corolla, who said that he hadn’t known trouble with her for more than 3 years. At the same time, he does not spare her at all, refueling mainly with 92-m gasoline and several times - from dubious barrels. (Hooray for the carburetor!) "Toyota Corolla", in addition to the sedan, has a full range of bodies: 3- and 5-door hatchbacks, station wagon and even a real "cafe racer" "Corolla G6", approaching the image of the VW "Golf GTI". It remains to be hoped that all modifications will be available to the Russian consumer.

The main characteristics of "Toyota Corolla" sedan.

Number of cylinders - working volume, cm 3	4 - 1332	4 - 1587	4 - 1975
Compression ratio	9,6	9,5	23,0
Power, hp at m-1	84/5400	108/6000	71 - 4600
Torque, Nm at m-1	120/4200	145/4800	131/2600
Maximum speed, km/h	175 (165)	195 (195)	165
Acceleration time to 100 km/h, s	12,5 (16,1)	10,2 (12,6)	14,4
Average fuel consumption, l/100 km	5,9 - 8,8 (6,6 -10,1)	6,4 -10,3 (6,8 - 12,1)	5,2-8,3
Fuel reserve, l	50
Dimensions/base, mm	4295x1690x1385/2465
Clearance, mm	150
Turning radius, m	4,8
curb weight, kg	1000	1200	1000
Gross weight, kg	1580	1615	1650
Trunk volume, l	390
In brackets - data with automatic transmission

New "Corolla" - evolution is better than revolution

By focusing on giving the new Toyota Corolla an original, memorable appearance, its creators have only slightly increased dimensions family modifications.

The three-door hatchback has lengthened by 5 mm, the four-door sedan by 25 mm, and the station wagon by 60 mm. The new bodies have become 5 mm wider than the old ones, while the hatchback and sedan are now 5 mm higher, and the wagon height has increased by as much as 20 mm. Track front and rear wheels hasn't changed. It was also possible to maintain a very small turning radius of -4.8 m.

More interesting changes in the interior. Thanks to the large advancement of the front seat forward, the length of the hatchback and station wagon has grown by 25 mm, and the sedan by 10 mm. The cabin height has increased by 10 mm for the hatchback and sedan and by 15 mm for the station wagon. The interiors of the sedan and station wagon have become 5 mm wider, and the interior of the hatchback has become 5 mm narrower. Body structures have been redesigned to achieve greater angular rigidity, reduce weight, vibration and noise levels, and most importantly, better energy absorption side impact in case of an accident. Two parallel tubular reinforcements in the doors are complemented by a top waist bar to reduce the level of deformation of the door elements and prevent them from being pressed into the passenger compartment in side impacts. Also, new amplifiers made of extra-strong steel introduced into the power frame of the body will help distribute the impact energy. We also note the best protection of bodies from penetrating corrosion.

Cars "Toyota Corolla" in 1997, supplied to Russia, are equipped with three options gasoline engines and one diesel. The base for models with various body types is a 4-cylinder 12-valve 1.3-liter 75 hp carburetor engine. The index of this engine, which combines excellent fuel economy with sufficient dynamic performance - "2E". Compared with previous models on 1997 engines. the rigidity of the block has been increased and the mass of pistons with connecting rods has been reduced. This engine also has a reduced noise level. A more powerful option, also with a displacement of 1.3 liters, is the 16-valve "4E-FE" engine with two camshafts in an aluminum head and two rows of valves with an angle between them of 24 degrees. Camshaft drive - combined. By using toothed belt one of the camshafts is driven. The other one receives rotation from it thanks to a gear train.

Modernization of intake and exhaust manifolds with an increase in the compression ratio, it made it possible to increase power from 75 hp. up to 86 hp Motor power system - multi-point injection with electronic control. Even more “pulling”, due to the larger displacement, is the 1.6-liter engine of the “4A-FE” model, which develops 114 hp. at 6000 rpm and a maximum torque of 145 Nm at 4800 rpm. True, with automatic transmission gears, the power of this motor “drops” to 104 hp. Designed for the Japanese and American markets, the 1.8-litre “7A-FE” petrol engine is not fitted to Corolla vehicles sold to Russia via official dealers. It's a pity! After all, it is highly adaptable, and the maximum torque of 150 Nm is already reached at 2800 rpm! Finally, about diesel. The difference between the new pre-chamber diesel engine “2C–E” and the former “2C–III” is in the new electronic system that controls the fuel pump. It is more economical and responsive. The diesel develops a maximum power of 72 hp. at 4600 rpm with a working volume of 2.0 liters. Maximum torque - 131 Nm at 2600 rpm. Corolla cars sold in Russia are supplied, depending on the type of engine, with one of three mechanical 5-speed gearboxes and one of two automatic ones: with 3 and 4 gears.

The chassis of the new Corolla cars is based on the old elements that have proven themselves in operation. Modernization was expressed only in a more precise “tuning” for new bodies. It’s nice that steering includes hydraulic booster as standard equipment. It is curious that the MacPherson type front suspension with L-shaped powerful lower control arms still does not contain a subframe on which rack and pinion steering would also be installed. In this, the new "Corolla" is akin to our VAZ-2110. And I want to say special about the rear suspension. It also traditionally includes spring struts as elastic elements and transverse parallel rods, which, together with a longitudinal stretching rod, determine changes in the rear wheel toe-in when cornering under the action of lateral forces. In practice, the rear transverse rods play the role of steering rods, correcting a slight turn of the wheels. As shown by numerous tests, it is this type rear suspension- the reason for the excellent handling and stability of Toyota cars.

Ventilated brake discs applied on the front wheels of all modifications of the new family of cars "Corolla". The same applies to the rear drum brakes. ABS included in standard list equipment for all models, except for the version with a 1.3-liter, 75-horsepower engine.

Summing up, we note that a constructively new family of models, having received evolutionary improvements, does not contain any revolutionary innovations.