The history of the Volat brand. Design features of the mzkt model

Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant (MZKT) is the only enterprise in the world specializing in the production of multi-axle vehicles, road trains and wheeled chassis of high cross-country ability and carrying capacity. His technical level and reliability, these machines managed to gain prestige both in the armies of Russia and the CIS, and in some countries of the far abroad - China, Korea, Pakistan, Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Syria, the United Arab Emirates, Vietnam, India, Yugoslavia, Romania and Turkey.

For many years, products needed only by the Armed Forces came out of the gates of the plant. As a result of the successfully implemented conversion program, MZKT took a course towards creating and mastering the production of new specialized multi-purpose vehicles. The accumulated experience allows the company to build three, four, six, seven and eight axle vehicles for a specific order of the most demanding partner. Today the machines produced by the plant with the “Volat” brand (translated from Belarusian - “Bogatyr”) successfully operate in the oil, gas, forestry, geological exploration, construction and municipal services.

MZKT, like a number of other enterprises, owes its birth to the Minsk Automobile Plant. In August 1954, a special design bureau (SKB) was created at MAZ, headed by the talented engineer B. Shaposhnik. The first developments of the new division were all-wheel drive army vehicles – engineering vehicle MAZ-534 and MAZ-535 artillery tractor, built in metal in 1956. The cars created at SKB gave birth to new directions of the domestic automotive industry. For their production, factories were built in Mogilev (MoAZ) and Zhodino (BelAZ).

Later, according to the drawings, SKB began to produce cars. Kurgan plant wheeled tractors (KZKT). As for MZKT, which celebrated its fortieth anniversary this year, the date of its birth should be considered 1959, when MAZ made a decision to organize its own production of heavy wheeled vehicles. In Minsk, MAZ-535, MAZ-537 and its modifications were produced, and then MAZ-543 “Hurricane”, which also had several options. They can be safely attributed to the best examples of domestic mechanical engineering.

The cars had powerful engines (up to 525 hp), started by both an electric starter and compressed air, hydromechanical transmission, independent wheel suspension, limited slip differentials, cardan shafts with equal angular velocities, glass-plastic cabins and many other units and systems that are not inferior, and sometimes even surpass the level of foreign analogues. The reduction in military orders served as an impetus for rethinking the further development of the plant. To ensure the utilization of production facilities, it was necessary to expand the model range at the lowest cost, making the most of the existing technology.

Applying a modular design principle using power units and components of the leading companies in the world, as well as cabins, units and transmissions of MAZ, the team of the Department of Design and Experimental Work under the leadership of the chief designer of MZKT V. Chvyalev, continuing today the traditions laid down by B. Shaposhnik, created an extensive family of unified vehicles for various purposes with 6x4 wheel formulas , 6x6, 8x8, 8x4 and others. At the same time, one of the main tasks was a significant increase in the durability of products and a decrease in the labor intensity of their maintenance. It is no secret that the military customers considered these issues to be far from the main ones.

The range of produced equipment turned out to be so extensive that it is impossible to cover it completely within the framework of one article. Let us dwell on only a few options demonstrated at the 4th Russian international motor show... For the transportation of large-sized indivisible goods as part of road trains, MZKT produces truck tractors MZKT-7429 with MAZ cab. The 8x8 wheel arrangement is distinguished by four steerable front wheels with independent torsion bar suspension. The rear suspension is balanced with elastic elements in the form of springs.

Tractors can be equipped with engines: Daimler-Benz ОМ 442LA (503 HP), Daimler-Benz ОМ 502LA (570 HP), Daimler-Benz ОМ 502LA (544 HP), Deutz BF8 М10115С (544 HP) .s.) and the Russian YaMZ-2 E8424.10-03 (470 hp). Six types of gearboxes can be installed on cars - both made in Yaroslavl and by ZF, Allison, including hydromechanical ones. Transfer case- 2-speed, with a blocking intercarriage differential. The drive axles have planetary wheel gears, 2-joint cardan shafts and differentials - both self-locking and with forced locking.

On the highway, cars in a road train reach speeds of up to 65-70 km / h, consuming from 110 to 130 liters diesel fuel for 100 kilometers. The total weight of the towed semitrailers, depending on the version of the tractor, ranges from 66 to 98 tons. For off-road work, off-road vehicles are produced as part of a road train with a carrying capacity of up to 50 tons (22-25 tons - a truck plus a 25 tons trailer) large carrying capacity MAZ-79092 with 8x8 wheel arrangement. Permissible axial load on the front axles is 2x10.5 tons, on the rear axles - 2x11.6 tons. Structurally, the 79092 family is close to the 74295 tractors, although the number of offered engines is somewhat different: Daimler-Benz ОМ 442LA (503 hp), Deutz BF8 M1015 С (544 hp), Caterpillar 3406 С (425 hp), Detroit Diesel Series 60 (470 hp), YaMZ 2 E8424.10 (470 hp).

If MZKT-7429 truck tractors are installed Michelin tires 25 / 65R25 X RB TL, then trucks of the MAZ-79092 family are equipped with 1500x600x635 or 25/65 R25 tires. Both those and others - with adjustable pressure air. At the request of many customers, the plant began to install tipper bodies with rear unloading on these four-wheel drive chassis. So, a family of dump trucks was born off-road MZKT-75165 with a tipping heated body volume of 16.5 m 3. Their carrying capacity is 24.5 tons with a permissible load on the front axles of 2x11.4 and on the rear axles - 2x12.5 tons.

For construction works in civilized conditions, when there are already paved roads and it is only necessary to occasionally drive into construction sites or quarries equipped with equipped access roads, MZKT produces a family of dump trucks “6515” with a wheel arrangement of 8 x 4 and bodies with a capacity of 11.5, 12.0 or 16.5 m 3, with a lifting capacity of 21 tons and a total weight of 36 tons. Permissible loads on the front axles - 2x7.0, on the rear axles - 2x11 tons, which allows them to operate on the entire road network of the country without restrictions. Let's list the power units of the family: Daimler-Benz ОМ 442А (360 hp), YaMZ-238D (330 hp), Deutz BF6 M1015 С (408 hp), Caterpillar 3406 С (350 hp). ), YaMZ-8424.10 (425 hp).

Cars are installed rear axles with interaxle and cross-axle differentials equipped with forced locking mechanisms. Truck tires have a dimension of 12.00R20 (320R 508). In Moscow, about 40 such dump trucks are successfully working on the construction of the ring road and the third automobile ring within the city. It is envisaged to increase their number. MZKT is one of the few plants in the CIS that offers attachment manufacturers special chassis in versions 6x6 (MZKT-8007), 8x8 (80071) and 12x12 (MZKT-79191).

They are often used as a basis for the creation of mobile complexes for drilling, as well as maintenance and repair of oil and gas wells. A feature of the first two is steering acting on the wheels of two front axles, while the latter controls the wheels of three front and two rear axles... On chassis 8007 and 80071, the suspension of all wheels is dependent, spring, and model 79191 has an independent torsion bar suspension all wheels.

The power range of diesel engines is as follows: 8007 - from 250 to 340 hp; 80,071 - from 330 to 350 hp; 79191 - from 650 to 677 horsepower. The chassis is equipped with power take-offs, various special equipment at the request of the buyer. The carrying capacity of vehicles is 11.3 tons (8007), 24 tons (80071) and 55 tons (79191). Result flexible technical policy enterprises are evident today. Cars of the new family find their customers, and unlike most of their colleagues in the “defense” MZKT is working properly today.

UE " Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant", Abbreviated UE MZKT (™: VOLAT, pronounced: Volat) is a Belarusian manufacturer of heavy-duty road and off-road vehicles and trailers for them, as well as special wheeled chassis for equipment installation. The headquarters is located in the city of Minsk, Belarus.

VOLAT activities

In the structure of the enterprise there are 9 workshops of the main activity, an experimental, mechanical repair, motor transport workshop, a test center, 13 functional departments, 15 departments, and a militarized guard.

UE MZKT is the founder of subsidiaries: research and production unitary enterprise "Volattransservice", research and production enterprise "Volat-Avto" and Trading house Volat.

The plant has a hostel for 250 people, has a recreation center "Berezka", designed for the arrival of 350 people per shift.

The range of manufactured equipment includes:

dump trucks with wheel arrangement 6x6, 8x4, 8x8 of road and off-road type with carrying capacity up to 27 tons;
truck and ballast tractors, road trains with a carrying capacity of 40 - 100 tons;
special automobile chassis for the installation of crane and other lifting equipment with a carrying capacity of up to 100 tons;
chassis with wheel arrangement 6x6, 8x8,10x10 and 12x12 for the installation of special equipment for service, overhaul and drilling of oil and gas wells;
road chassis and off-road dimension with wheel arrangement 4x4, 6x4, 8x8, 12x12 for the installation of special equipment;
trailers and semi-trailers with a carrying capacity from 15 tons to 100 tons;
spare parts for manufactured equipment.

VOLAT products

Tippers VOLAT:
VOLAT tractor units:

VOLAT Ballast truck-tractor MZKT - 7402

Chassis VOLAT:
VOLAT trucks:

VOLAT Truck for transportation of baled garbage MZKT - 7321
VOLAT VOLAT Combined harvester based on MZKT-65274 chassis

Trailers and semi-trailers VOLAT:

The history of VOLAT

UE "MZKT" counts its history since 23 July 1954... On this day, by order of the director of the Minsk Automobile Plant No. 15ss, in pursuance of the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of June 25, 1954 No. 1258-563cc and orders of the Minister of Automotive, Tractor and Agricultural Engineering of the USSR No. 21ss and No. 25ss, a special design bureau No. 1 was created at the Minsk Automobile Plant. (SKB-1) on heavy wheeled artillery tractors and engines for them with an experimental base.
September 1, 1954 a pilot production workshop (COP) was organized. In 1956, the first prototype was assembled at the TsOP artillery tractor MAZ-535.
In 1959 new production facilities were put into operation, where the mechanical assembly shop No. 3 (MSC-3), created on the basis of the central processing center, was located for the manufacture of parts and assemblies, as well as for the assembly of tractors. March 29, 1959 the first serial MAZ-537 tractor of an experimental batch of vehicles was assembled.
In 1960 the assembly of tractors on the premises of MSC-3 was separated into an independent workshop for the assembly and testing of vehicles (TsSIA-2), which in 1962 was transferred to new production areas.
July 21, 1959 By a decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the Minsk Automobile Plant was entrusted with the development of the structure, carrying out experimental design work and launching the production of multi-axle automobile chassis to accommodate the units of the country's first operational-tactical missile complex "Temp-S".
In 1962 the production of a new four-wheeled chassis of high cross-country ability MAZ-543 was started.
Due to the need to free up production capacity for the manufacture of new MAZ-543 chassis, the drawing and technical documentation developed by SKB-1 was transferred to KZKT (Kurgan) of serially manufactured MAZ-535 tractors in 1961 and MAZ-537 in 1964, as well as the MAZ-538 tractor that passed State tests in 1964, at MoAZ (Mogilev) - the MAZ-529 family of tractors in 1959 and at YaMZ (Yaroslavl) - the V-12 engine in 1959.
In 1970 in connection with the development of work on the creation of ground equipment for missile systems, a project for the reconstruction of special production was approved, according to which in 1971 - 1979 Mechanical assembly building No. 2 (MSK-2) with an area of 108 thousand square meters, a delivery building with an area of 18.5 thousand square meters, a brake testing building with an area of 4 thousand square meters and administrative buildings No. 1 (ABK-1) and No. 2 (ABK-2). Workshops were located in MSK-2: mechanical assembly shops No. 3, No. 4, No. 6, frame-press No. 2, thermal No. 3, TsSIA-2 and repair shops, in ABK-1 and ABK-2 there were shop services and a special production management service. All production workshops were equipped with universal and high-performance special equipment, including numerically controlled machines, the necessary technological equipment, test benches for assemblies, and control and measuring instruments and devices.
April 10, 1975 special production by order of the director of the plant No. 183 was allocated to a self-supporting production of special wheeled tractors (PSKT) on an independent balance sheet.
Over the years, the directors of PSKT were S.P. Parshin. (1975 - 1978), Isaevich G.A. (1978 - 1980), Gross V.I. (1980 - 1985), P.P. Savchits (1975 - 1976), Volkov V.A. (1986 - 1991).
Until the end of the 80s the main products of PSKT were chassis and tractors manufactured for the needs of the USSR Ministry of Defense, which became transport base heavy complexes weapons, including the Temp-S and Elbrus operational-tactical missile systems, S-300 air defense systems, missile systems salvo fire"Smerch", coastal defense complexes "Bereg", "Rubezh", strategic missile "Temp 2S", "Pioneer", "Topol", a transport base for command posts, deployment and transportation of radar equipment and other equipment.
The serial production of the MAZ-543 chassis coincided with the rapid development of the West Siberian and Caspian oil and gas complexes. The technical characteristics of the machines, their increased carrying capacity and high cross-country ability aroused great interest among transport workers and builders of oil and gas pipelines, in whom these machines have found wide application.
On the basis of the MAZ-543 chassis, cars were created and produced for National economy, including flatbed tractors and trailers for the transportation of tracked vehicles and other goods, dump trucks, pipe and wicker trucks, chassis for mounting equipment for fire trucks. In the second half of the 80s, road trains were developed and produced for the transportation of large indivisible loads with a carrying capacity of 75 and 100 tons.
For the development and mastering of the production of automotive equipment for missile systems chief designer SKB-1 Shaposhnik B.L. was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor (1973), laureate of Lenin (1976) and USSR State Prizes (1968). 1968, 1977, 1978, 1984 and 1989 another 20 workers in special production were awarded the title of laureate of the USSR State Prize, and three of them were awarded this title twice. Many workers, engineers and technicians and employees of special production have received government awards.
In connection with the increased nomenclature of manufactured equipment and an increase in its production, in 1978 a project was developed for the expansion and reconstruction of the PSKT, in the execution of which, in 1979-1986, mechanical assembly building No. 3 (MSK-3) with an area of 44.5 thousand sq.m. and administrative building ABK-3. MSC-3 hosted MSC-7 and MSC-4, organized a flexible production systems, in which 39 computer-controlled processing centers were installed and put into operation.
In 1982 The Council of Ministers of the USSR made a decision to create a high-capacity transporter on the "Virgin land" theme and to build a design and experimental base (KEB) for special production. In 1985, the first stage of the KEB was built and put into operation - the production area of 13.2 thousand square meters, which housed the experimental workshop No. 2 and the engineering and utility building with an area of 8 thousand square meters, which housed the UGK- 2.
1984 - 1987 prototypes of unique transporters for the Celina complex and chassis for self-propelled units of the Speed and Courier complexes were developed and manufactured.
February 7, 1991 by order general director PO "BelavtoMAZ" No. 143 was formed and decommissioned from MAZ Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant as part of the subdivisions of PSKT, UGK-2, ETs-2 and OGN. V.A. Volkov was appointed director of the plant.
In 1993 a research center (IC) and a spare parts shop (TsZCh) are located on the premises of the commissioned in the second stage of the KEB.
In 1992 In connection with the termination of orders for the needs of the Ministry of Defense, the plant developed and adopted a conversion program aimed at creating and mastering the production of new specialized vehicles, road trains and general purpose chassis for various sectors of the national economy of both the Republic of Belarus and the CIS countries.
Using the accumulated experience in the creation of wheeled chassis and tractors, the model range of which is characterized by the number of steered axles from 1 to 12, carrying capacity from 12 to 220 tons and engines with power from 121 to 1104 kW (165 to 1500 hp), were developed and put into production a new generation of automotive vehicles with a wheel arrangement of 4x4, 6x4, 6x6, 8x4, 8x8, 10x10, 12x12 for the needs of the national economy: road and off-road onboard cars, dump trucks, specialized vehicles, road trains for various purposes and trailed equipment for them, as well as specialized wheeled chassis for the installation of a wide variety of equipment for enterprises and transport organizations construction, machine-building and oil and gas complexes.
The new generation of automotive equipment produced by the plant received trademark Volat.
The debut of MZKT on the international market turned out to be successful. 1997 - 2000 two tenders were won in competition with well-known world manufacturers for the supply of road trains for the transportation of heavy tracked vehicles to the UAE and the Republic of Turkey.
In 2001 the international certification body and the Committee for Certification and Standardization of the Republic of Belarus MZKT issued "Certificates of Conformity" certifying that the development, production, sales and service management system developed and implemented at the plant vehicles and trailed equipment for general and special purposes, as well as components for them, meets the requirements of EN ISO 2001 and STB RB IS 9001.
The industrial republican enterprise Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant (UP MZKT) is a state-owned enterprise and is subordinate to the State Military-Industrial Committee of the Republic of Belarus.
General director of the plant since 2002- Sinegovsky G.A.

What can you say about the present day of the building complex in Russia? The answer is simple: boom! The fatherland is "mired" in construction. The technique, one way or another connected with him, is snapped up. Graders, scrapers, excavators, cranes ... And of course, dump trucks are an attribute of any construction site. The larger the volume of the dump body, the larger the transported cargo, the more profitable the dump truck. MZKT-65151 "Volat" with a wheel arrangement of 8x4 is a dump truck from Belarus, enjoys a well-deserved popularity among domestic builders. "Volat", translated from Belarusian - "Bogatyr" or "Strongman".

Today builders can choose from a huge number of dump trucks that have appeared on the Russian market, the one they need. The range of the lineup and the corresponding car companies is very wide. Imported Volvo, Iveco, Scania, MAN, Hyundai and others enjoy well-deserved popularity, but the price of this equipment is also high. Now on Russian market dump trucks come out and Chinese manufacturers... The choice of domestic dumping equipment is small: KamAZ, "Ural" and the closest Slavic neighbors: the Ukrainian KrAZ and Belarusian MAZ and MZKT.

Just in our hands turned out to be a dump truck of the Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant (MZKT) with a wheel arrangement of 8x4 and a gross weight of 41 tons.

For road carriers, the problem is limiting the axle load to 13 tons, which affects highways not only in Russia, but also in most of the CIS countries. For the designers of the leading car factories of the post-Soviet countries, the same problem is a stumbling block.

Using the MZKT-65151 car as an example, this means that when driving on roads common use, as well as along the streets of cities and settlements Russian Federation the total load on the rear bogie should not exceed 26 tons, and taking into account the loads on the first and second axles, the total mass of the vehicle is 41 tons. Excluding the curb weight of the car of about 16 tons, the carrying capacity of the MZKT-65151 car is 25 tons.

A reliable way to increase your trucking productivity and improve fuel efficiency per unit mass is the increase useful mass transported cargo. In this view, the most effective way is the use of a trailer (up to 30% reduction in fuel consumption). But its towing by the MZKT-65151 dump truck is not structurally provided.

Thus, the only way to increase the carrying capacity for the designers of the MZKT was the use of an additional axle. But its installation is associated with an increase in resistance to movement and an increase in fuel consumption, a more complex design and an increase in the equipped weight. The use of the additional axle must correspond to a justified increase in the payload mass, otherwise its use may turn out to be irrational. With all this, the axle is steerable, and during the tests we noted the following features of the behavior of the Minsk truck on the road: when entering a turn, the load on the engine increases significantly, up to a noticeable decrease in revolutions, and when exiting it, the car accelerates. True, this applies to tight turns at high speed. But with the right choice driving pace becomes more confident.

If you take the work of MZKT-65151 not in construction, but in a quarry, then even in smooth turning, given the large mass, the car is buried with steerable wheels in the sand. To overcome such problems, a transmission with locking center and wheel differentials is installed on the chassis of the dump truck.

However, we unexpectedly encountered some design feature of the Belarusian truck. MZKT-65151 is a dump truck for transportation of bulk cargo. It is equipped with a Yaroslavl diesel engine YaMZ-7511.10 with a capacity of 400 hp, and visually it has an impressive appearance, but the volume cargo platform- 20 m3. This does not dock with the declared carrying capacity of 25 tons. Medium density loose building materials- about 1.9 t / m3. For the Minsk dump truck, 38 tons are obtained.

After loading the car on the upper edge of the platform, which was associated with certain difficulties caused by the almost three-meter height of the sides, we weigh the dump truck and get 52.5 tons. We count further. We subtract the curb weight and we get the mass of sand - 36.5 tons, which coincides with the initial assumption. As a result of the corrective unloading, it was possible to obtain the total mass of the car - 41 tons. But the body was filled only by 2/3 of the volume. It is clear that our driver will not allow such an option. It follows from this that overloading on the Belarusian dump truck is assumed initially. We even tried to calculate it, taking into account the tires installed on the car and the pressure in the hydraulic system of the body lift. It turned out that the Volat dump truck can be overloaded by 5 tons, which corresponds to the gross vehicle weight of 46 tons. We categorically warn carriers that further experiments with overloading will only lead to the destruction of the car as a transport unit.

Anyone who considers himself a law-abiding consumer and wants to hedge against overloads can order a platform of smaller volumes. The manufacturer, at the request of the buyer, can install platforms with a volume of 16 and 11.5 m3. All platforms are equipped with a tailgate hydraulic lock. At the factory, again at the request of the customer, a bucket-type platform without a tailgate can be installed to simplify construction and unloading.

In Soviet times, today's MZKT was a separate specialized design bureau (OKB) as part of the Minsk automobile plant(MAZ). Today it is a separate independent enterprise, but located on the territory of MAZ. At one time, it was this design bureau, led by chief designer Vladimir Chvyalev, who created powerful multi-axle wheeled vehicles for transporting Soviet air defense missile systems and ballistic missiles.

But Soviet Union disintegrated, the Russian armed forces require such equipment to a lesser extent. In general, the time has come for conversion at MZKT. Cars civilian use more in demand today. That is why an independent dump truck theme has appeared at MZKT. And since this plant is very tightly coupled with MAZ, the MZKT-65151 has a two-seater cabin from the MAZ-5551, however, of the old design and design that all carriers know, so there is no point in describing it.

Although it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the driver's seat is sprung and has almost all the adjusting settings. Steering column also adjustable in tilt and height.

The gas pedal is equipped with a latch that allows you to fix the position of the pedal in the modes of engine warm-up, tire inflation and hydraulic system operation to raise the dump platform.

The gearbox lever is equipped with a kind of " anti-theft system". If you put it in neutral and turn off the engine, it will simply be impossible to start it. For the starter to work, the gearbox lever must be moved towards the driver in the neutral position. A special ignition switch will work, and only in this case the engine will start. Unfortunately, not a word is written about this in the operating instructions for the MZKT-65151: guess, they say, for yourself.

There is the problem of getting into the cockpit: the first step is very high. It would be nice to add one more, "gutta-percha" step to the existing footrests, that is, one that would be removed, as on imported cars, or cable, as, for example, in cars "Ural-532301".

The dump body installed on the MZKT-65151 is significantly different from other bodies domestic production thoughtful design. Firstly, the tailgate locks are installed so that they do not clog up during unloading (for example, with sand) and reliably fix the sideboard in a closed state. Secondly, the installation of ladders for body maintenance is very well thought out. Thirdly, MZKT-65151 is the only dump truck manufactured in the territory of the CIS republics, which has convenient dump platforms for servicing. By the way, they are cute in design.

As already noted, all modifications of the MZKT-65151 car are equipped with the YaMZ-7511.10 engine - the most powerful of the YaMZ eight-cylinder engines that meet environmental standards Euro 2. It is docked with the MZKT-65151 gearbox of its own design, which has two ranges and nine stages. The gearbox lubrication system is combined: by spraying and under pressure generated by a built-in gear pump.

The drive axles are also of our own production. The impassable drive axle consists of a bevel gearbox and a lockable interwheel differential with two planetary wheel gears.

The through drive axle is characterized by a gearbox with cylindrical gear and blockable center differential... It also has a backup power steering pump. The main pump is equipped with a standard motor drive.

The impressions after the tests of the Belarusian dump truck MZKT-65151 remained controversial. Even in our test group, there was no unequivocal assessment of the car. But everyone agreed that he had amazing resilience. During the turns, the car had a certain roll, especially when loaded. From the side it was clearly visible that the car has a critical platform inclination angle, but does not fall, although we made the maximum load on the body. That "Volat" reliable car, and needless to say, military acceptance is still practiced at this enterprise. Here the assembly at MZKT takes place not on the conveyor, but on the stocks, which increases the cost of the car. Plus it is slow, not conveyor assembly does not allow the production of the required number of cars.

I would like to redo a lot in this car, but this is not in our competence. We can only give advice to manufacturers on how to improve a particular unit. And whether manufacturers listen to our advice or not is their business.

A new development of the Volat MZKT 5002 00 truck model with a carrying capacity of 3 tons., Developed and produced at the wheel tractor plant (M3KT) in Minsk.
The very name "Volat" (in the lane - Bogatyr) is trademark Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant.
All the produced cars of the M3KT plant in terms of their characteristics: power and dimensions have always corresponded to their name. What is the association with new development Volat models?

Experts in this area figuratively draw the Ikander strategic missile launcher or, moreover, the Topol-M eight-axis missile system. Undoubtedly, the Volat truck is a powerful military tractor with an increased number of axles. M3KT designers have practical experience in manufacturing big trucks, the mass of which is from 40 tons and more. The company has never been engaged in the production of relatively small trucks, before this, with a big stretch, the named small two-axle truck M3KT 5002 00 is a classmate of GAZ 66, of course in terms of the plant's engineers.

The MZKT truck was created to replace the GAZ 66.

Idea and initiative for the development of a special powerful truck belongs to the Belarusian border guards. In the ranks, which GAZ-66 with full gear served the border guards for more than a dozen sets. Unfortunately, this model has long been discontinued, and those in service have exhausted their resources. It became difficult to find the necessary spare parts for the "shishig".
The newer GAZ-ZZ08 Sadko model, which has been serving at the border even today, does not fully meet the requirements of the Belarusian military.
At first glance, the model of the GAZ-ZZ08 truck is very similar to the GA3 66, it is also four-wheel drive and unpretentious, but the layout is somewhat different from the analogue: the engine is located behind the front axle, the GAZ 66 engine is located in the base, off-road capabilities are noticeably inferior to the progenitor.

In search of developers, MAZ was the first to go to the border guards. For a whole year, the negotiation process was underway, but no mutual agreement was reached. The main obstacle was limited quantity required trucks. For MAZ, it was necessary to recoup the expensive development of a new model, a large order of at least 500 cars was needed, but the border guards could not afford such a number. And the Belarusian border guards had no choice but to look for other developers, and they turned to MZKT. I didn't have to ask anyone here for a long time. Although MZKT lacked experience and a model line of small trucks, the designers took the initiative to the new project, agreement was reached almost immediately. The development of the "pilot" truck MZKT-5002 00 was completed in 2013.
A diesel engine MMZ D 245 with a capacity of 156 hp was installed on a specially designed frame. produced in Minsk, units and components have been designed. The car was equipped with complementary systems: tire inflation, air conditioning and modern system fire extinguishing.
The border guards were very grateful to the developers, but expressed their wishes to simplify the electronics a little, abandoned tire inflation, air conditioning and fire extinguishing systems.

Second generation Volat truck.

The designer of the MZKT, already following the tradition, creates absolutely new truck... The completely new Volat MZKT 5002 truck became shorter, slightly lower, and lighter than the first model: the new acquired dimensions were almost completely combined with the GAZ-66. The powerful 215-horsepower turbodiesel YaMZ-53452 was installed similarly to the GAZ-66 in the base area. They did not become wise with the clearance, they left it large enough. Suspensions, both front and rear, are independent.
The wheels are rotated using a semi-axle.
By the efforts of the designers, the frame structure and specially designed bridges were reinforced. The wheel hubs were structurally lightened, lighter and narrower wheels were installed. The cockpit has also undergone major changes. The new cab design has lost a total of one third of its weight. The driver's seat has undergone a change and re-layout.
The seats have become a little more comfortable. The interior in the cabin has remained quite austere, no frills, the main focus is on the reliability and practicality of the details. Dashboard militarily stingy and not so expressive in comparison with civilian trucks. The steering wheel was borrowed from cargo MAZ... On the right side of the driver are the controls for the gearbox, parking brake and tire inflation.

Design features of the MZKT model

The equipped Volat MZKT 5002 00 truck in 2014 has noticeably improved, from 7,300 to 5810 kg. This made the customers happy! well-coordinated work of suspensions among themselves.
There is practically no difference in the movement of an empty and a loaded car, the structurally complex and delicate design turned out to be quite strong, already tested by the military and recognized as the best in its class of trucks.
The longitudinally positioned motor delivers torque five-speed box gears, and then with the help cardan shaft with a decrease in distribution with distribution to bridges. Absolutely any type of superstructure can be installed on the new chassis of the Volat truck; for this purpose, the dimensions have been specially adjusted. It is quite easy to install a standard platform - bodies, modular headquarters, or a conventional kung.
In the standard version of the body, the MZKT truck can accommodate 22 fighters.
It is worth noting that hunting farms are already closely looking at the new Volat 5002 truck, and are hoping to purchase trucks for their needs. In addition, the model of the second modification of 2014 got rid of redundant electronics.

The main advantages of Volat

What outstanding qualities did the MZKT truck acquire in 2014? Unquestionably impressive carrying capacity and exceptional flotation. The distinctive abilities are not limited to this, the truck is characterized by excellent, soft and smooth operation of the MZKT chassis. Since the truck was specially designed to transport missiles, the cargo is delicate and unsafe. The full-time engineers of the plant have extensive experience in the development and refinement of specific suspensions. As a result, off-road, a truck with an independent suspension, having a huge ground clearance, equipped with a powerful transmission, simply amazes with its off-road capabilities. Specifically, such requirements were laid down for the truck by the Belarusian military.

The engineers did a great job, no questions arise with the smoothness of the course, in its class, Volat 5002 00 2014 is the king.
A Minsk truck is driven no more difficult than a passenger car.
The MZKT Volat 5002 00 truck was tested on difficult dirt roads with a huge number of potholes. Much attention was paid to the feel of the fighters in the back. The test showed that the independent double wishbone suspension perfectly fulfills all bumps and pits.
Comparing the car with its classmates "Sadko" and "Shishig" noticeably shakes off-road, and the Minsk-developed truck runs smoothly and easily along the broken terrain - according to these technical characteristics, Volat is simply out of competition!

Prospects of the compact truck MZKT Volat 5002 00

In 2015, the truck is at its peak. Military border guards ordered from the MZKT plant enough cars, in this connection, the plant updated the production base, a lot of modern equipment... The MZKT plant consistently receives government orders, but the plant does not hesitate to take on non-standard, small orders.
Gamma model line small-sized special equipment in production is regularly expanded. Will Volat MZKT 5002 trucks be available or will it be available only in the Belarusian army?

Most likely, it will be possible to purchase it, because MZKT widely presents its developments to the foreign market, except for special vehicles. Possibly a compact, two-axle truck model with exemplary ride quality, it will attract the attention of a large number of customers for a variety of purposes.
The serial truck Volat MZKT 5002 00 in 2014 underwent drastic changes and improvements relative to the 2013 model. Truck Volat MZKT 2014 of release almost completely corresponds to the dimensions legendary GAZ 66.

For your information!

Truck Volat MZKT 5002 00 has a unique ride.
+ A characteristic, even standard feature of the new compact M3KT truck is completely independent suspension, providing a soft and smooth ride and demonstrates excellent off-road performance.
- Excessive asceticism of the interior, minimization in the comfort of the driver's seat.

Technical characteristics of the truck MZKT 5002 00

Length x width x height	5,900 x 2,550 x 2,650 mm.
Wheelbase	3 300 mm.
Turning radius	10 m
Front and rear track	2 140 mm.
Ground clearance	400 mm.
Curb / full weight	5850/8850 kg.
Maximum speed	95 km / h
Fuel tank	130 l.
Wheel formula	4x4
Engine	diesel engine YaMZ-53D52, with turbo- supercharging and intercooler, RA, 16 valves
Working volume	4.43 l
Power	158 kW / 215 HP
Chassis	frame structure
Pendants	independent, on springs
Steering	with hydraulic booster
Brakes	pneumatic, drum

MZKT is a unique enterprise. The plant, originally created as a "military multi-axle" branch of MAZ, eventually became independent. Now a lot of variants of army special chassis are produced here, which are supplied to many countries of the world. But the main customers are Russia and Belarus. In this article, we will look at the main families of the Volat army chassis.

The most famous and most massive Volat is the chassis of the legendary 543 family. In terms of the length of the conveyor life, only the UAZ "loaf" can be compared with it. The chassis was built, figuratively speaking, around the rocket, taking into account a huge number of additional specific requirements. Hence the "strange" cabins, and in general an unusual appearance.

In the future, the chassis was repeatedly modernized, but the concept originally laid down was so successful that for a number of types of weapons it is still fully relevant. MZKT-543 is still being produced and, apparently, it will be produced for a long time.

The curb weight of the 543 chassis is 23 tons, and the total weight is more than 43 tons. At the time of its creation, there were no others in the USSR powerful diesels, except for tank ones, so they used the B12 engine. It is also used today in the modern 525-horsepower version, although there were options for export with imported diesel engines - for example, Deutz.

MZKT-7930, a replacement for the 543rd, has existed for a long time, but so far both versions are in parallel production. A prototype of the special wheeled chassis 7930 (8x8) was manufactured at the Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant in 1994. He had not only obvious external differences, but also many constructive ones. Up to 2000-2500 (versus 500) hours, the engine's warranty operating time was increased, the resource became longer, and the oil consumption was less, the frequency of maintenance increased. The curb weight of the chassis was reduced to 21 tons, while the full weight, on the contrary, increased to 45. The conveyor production began only in December 2000.

Until recently, this chassis was supplied only to Russia. It is on the MZKT-7930 that Iskander is based, as well as many other systems. But now the MZKT-7930 entered service with the Belarusian army in the version with missile system Polonaise. The engine here is a 500-horsepower YaMZ-846.

The equipment for the Russian strategic missile forces is undoubtedly the pinnacle of the production range. Full specifications The MZKT-79221 chassis with a 16x16 wheel arrangement has not been disclosed to this day, but it is known that the chassis is powered by a heavy 12-cylinder YaMZ-847 engine with a capacity of 800 hp. The curb weight of such a "millipede" is 44 tons, and the carrying capacity is all 80 tons!

All of the above chassis are special military, the width of which exceeds 2.5 m permissible for public roads. Naturally, when it came to rocket armament, no one in the USSR bothered with such a "mere trifle". But for civil customers, unhindered access to the roads was important, and especially for the "citizen", the MZKT-6527 family was created, which fits into road clearance in width.

And here the "history the other way around" happened. If before the military chassis was adapted for civilian needs, then in this case, the initially purely "peaceful" chassis became in demand among the military. The weapons on the MZKT-6527, however, are not mounted, but communication systems, radar and command posts - yes. Such vehicles serve in the Belarusian army, and are also exported. The family includes a chassis with wheel configurations 6x6 and 8x8. The engines are 400-horsepower, the YaMZ-7511 model.

About ten years ago, MZKT took up a completely new topic for themselves - the so-called hull chassis. The hull chassis is, roughly speaking, something like an armored personnel carrier, only it is intended for mounting weapons. In this case, air defense systems, previously mounted on tracked base... In particular, the Tor complexes on these chassis are already serving in the Belarusian army, and a wheeled version of the Buk complex has been developed. The engine is used 420-strong, YAMZ-7513. The hull MZKT also has a very interesting suspension - independent, hydropneumatic, adjustable in height.

Thanks to the order of the Belarusian border troops, MZKT got into the segment of trucks, which were previously unusual for it in weight and dimensions. Well, it would seem, 3200 kg of carrying capacity, only 6 m in length and a 4x4 wheel arrangement - can this really be the Volat? Now yes. An absolutely original truck, similar in parameters to the GAZ-66, is now also produced at MZKT, more precisely at its branch in Lida. The engine is a 215-horsepower YaMZ-534.

MZKT-500200, originally created for the Belarusian border troops to replace the GAZ-66, has mastered the military specialty of a mortar carrier

V general outline we talked only about those military Volats that are used by the armies of Russia and Belarus. But there is still absolutely individual models and families exclusively for export. About them some other time.